CN110613503A - Minimally invasive automatic rotary reduction osteoporosis fracture percutaneous pedicle screw - Google Patents

Minimally invasive automatic rotary reduction osteoporosis fracture percutaneous pedicle screw Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110613503A
CN110613503A CN201910809282.2A CN201910809282A CN110613503A CN 110613503 A CN110613503 A CN 110613503A CN 201910809282 A CN201910809282 A CN 201910809282A CN 110613503 A CN110613503 A CN 110613503A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
nail
nail body
minimally invasive
pedicle screw
screw
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Pending
Application number
CN201910809282.2A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
郝定均
赵勤鹏
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Individual
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Individual
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Priority to CN201910809282.2A priority Critical patent/CN110613503A/en
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/00234Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets for minimally invasive surgery
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/56Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
    • A61B17/58Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
    • A61B17/68Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
    • A61B17/70Spinal positioners or stabilisers ; Bone stabilisers comprising fluid filler in an implant
    • A61B17/7001Screws or hooks combined with longitudinal elements which do not contact vertebrae
    • A61B17/7032Screws or hooks with U-shaped head or back through which longitudinal rods pass
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/56Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
    • A61B17/58Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
    • A61B17/68Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
    • A61B17/70Spinal positioners or stabilisers ; Bone stabilisers comprising fluid filler in an implant
    • A61B17/7071Implants for expanding or repairing the vertebral arch or wedged between laminae or pedicles; Tools therefor
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/56Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
    • A61B17/58Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
    • A61B17/68Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
    • A61B17/70Spinal positioners or stabilisers ; Bone stabilisers comprising fluid filler in an implant
    • A61B17/7097Stabilisers comprising fluid filler in an implant, e.g. balloon; devices for inserting or filling such implants
    • A61B17/7098Stabilisers comprising fluid filler in an implant, e.g. balloon; devices for inserting or filling such implants wherein the implant is permeable or has openings, e.g. fenestrated screw

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
  • Surgery (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Neurology (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Medical Informatics (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
  • Surgical Instruments (AREA)
  • Prostheses (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a minimally invasive automatic rotary reduction osteoporosis fracture percutaneous pedicle screw, and relates to the technical field of medical auxiliary equipment; the U-shaped groove in the nail tail is divided into a U-shaped cavity at the upper part and a cambered surface cavity at the lower part by an inner bulge; the head of the spherical nail body is movably inserted into the cambered surface cavity, a limiting end at the upper end of the head of the spherical nail body is movably inserted into the U-shaped cavity, a limiting edge is integrally formed on one side of the limiting end and movably erected on one side of the top surface of the cambered surface cavity, an internal thread is integrally formed on the inner wall of the U-shaped cavity, the internal bolt is screwed on the internal thread, an external thread is integrally formed on the outer wall of the nail tail, and the external thread sleeve is rotatably connected on the external thread. The defect that pedicle screws used in previous operations are not suitable for minimally invasive operations, particularly minimally invasive operations for osteoporosis and fracture is overcome, fracture can be reset through automatic rotation, the problem that the distraction height is not ideal is solved, and the condition of broken screws caused by stress concentration is effectively avoided.

Description

Minimally invasive automatic rotary reduction osteoporosis fracture percutaneous pedicle screw
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of medical auxiliary equipment, in particular to a minimally invasive automatic rotary reduction osteoporosis fracture percutaneous pedicle screw.
Background
The spine minimally invasive technology has less bleeding and small wound, so that the pain of a patient is light and the postoperative rehabilitation is quick. The application in spinal surgery is gradually popularized. The existing minimally invasive percutaneous vertebral pedicle screw simply follows the vertebral pedicle screw technology used in the traditional open operation, and cannot be used for the difference between percutaneous reduction and incision reduction, for example, the reduction distractor and the connecting rod have space difference, and the current situation that the reduction distractor needs to be further perfected in mechanics to better achieve the reduction effect exists, so that the most common defects exist in the application process, including the defects that a osteoporosis patient has nail body cutting, fracture distraction reduction is difficult, the rod rotates to cause lordosis of the vertebral column to be lost, the postoperative tail cap is separated, the distraction vertebral body cannot reach the normal height, and the like, and the reduction with good injured vertebral height is the direct purpose of the operation and is also the main means for reducing postoperative complication deformity, but the existing vertebral pedicle screw cannot achieve the ideal technical requirements.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects and shortcomings of the prior art, the invention provides the minimally invasive automatic rotation reduction osteoporotic fracture percutaneous pedicle screw which is simple in structure, reasonable in design and convenient to use, overcomes the defect that the pedicle screw used in the past operation is not suitable for minimally invasive operations, particularly for osteoporotic fracture minimally invasive operations, can reduce the fracture through automatic rotation, solves the problem of unsatisfactory distraction height, effectively avoids the condition of screw breakage caused by stress concentration, and has higher safety performance.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: it comprises a nail body, a nail tail, an inner stud and an outer thread sleeve; wherein, the upper end of the nail body is integrally formed with a spherical nail body head, a nail body through hole is arranged in the nail body in a vertically penetrating manner, and a bone cement outflow side hole communicated with the nail body through hole is arranged at the front one third position of the nail body; the nail tail is of a U-shaped structure, the inner wall of a U-shaped groove in the nail tail is inwards integrally formed with an inner protrusion, and the U-shaped groove in the nail tail is divided into a U-shaped cavity at the upper part and a cambered surface cavity at the lower part by the inner protrusion; the head of the spherical nail body is movably inserted into the cambered surface cavity, a limiting end at the upper end of the head of the spherical nail body is movably inserted into the U-shaped cavity, a limiting edge is integrally formed on one side of the limiting end and movably erected on one side of the top surface of the cambered surface cavity, an internal thread is integrally formed on the inner wall of the U-shaped cavity, the internal bolt is screwed on the internal thread, an external thread is integrally formed on the outer wall of the nail tail, and the external thread sleeve is rotatably connected on the external thread.
Furthermore, the thread pitch on the nail body is vertically arranged from dense to sparse downwards from the head of the spherical nail body.
Furthermore, a gap is formed between the cambered surface cavity and the outer wall of the head of the spherical nail body.
Further, the heights of the top surfaces of the cambered surface cavities are different.
Furthermore, the sagittal section of the U-shaped groove in the nail tail is arranged in an inclined plane of 0 degree, 3 degrees, 6 degrees or 9 degrees.
The working principle of the invention is as follows: when the vertebral pedicle screw is used, the vertebral pedicle screw is screwed into a vertebral body through a guide wire, a C-arm machine confirms good internal fixing position through perspective, bone cement is pushed into the vertebral body through a bone cement push rod, a rod placing device is installed, a fixing rod is inserted from the upper part of the vertebral pedicle screw, the fixing rod sequentially penetrates through the screw tails of two vertebral pedicle screws through muscle gaps, is screwed into an outer screw sleeve, is propped open by a propping device, and is alternatively screwed down on the outer screw sleeve and an inner screw column, the fixing rod can gradually push a screw body to the direction of propping open the vertebral body in the screwing process, and after the height of the vertebral body and the kyphosis are recovered to be satisfactory, the residual amount is screwed down to fix the outer screw sleeve and the inner screw; after the bone cement flows through the nail body through hole in the nail body, the bone cement flows into the vertebral body through the bone cement outflow side hole.
After adopting the structure, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the minimally invasive automatic rotation reduction osteoporotic fracture percutaneous pedicle screw overcomes the defect that a pedicle screw used in a previous operation is not suitable for a minimally invasive operation, particularly a minimally invasive operation for osteoporotic fracture, can reduce the fracture through automatic rotation, solves the problem that the distraction height is not ideal, effectively avoids the condition of screw breakage caused by stress concentration, and has higher safety performance.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a structural sectional view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic front view of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the back structure of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the nail body of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is an operational schematic of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals:
the nail comprises a nail body 1, a spherical nail body head 1-1, a limiting end 1-1-1, a limiting edge 1-1-2, a nail body through hole 1-2, a bone cement outflow side hole 1-3, a nail tail 2, an inner bulge 2-1, a U-shaped cavity 2-1-1, an arc-shaped cavity 2-1-2, an inner thread 2-1-3, an outer thread 2-1-4, an arc-shaped top surface 2-1-5, a flat top surface 2-1-6, an inner screw column 3, an outer screw sleeve 4 and a fixing rod 5.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1 to 5, the technical solution adopted by the present embodiment is: it comprises a nail body 1, a nail tail 2, an inner screw column 3 and an outer screw sleeve 4; wherein, the upper end of the nail body 1 is integrally formed with a spherical nail body head 1-1, the nail body 1 is internally provided with a nail body through hole 1-2 in a vertically penetrating manner, and the front one third position of the nail body 1 is provided with a bone cement outflow side hole 1-3 communicated with the nail body through hole 1-2; the nail tail 2 is of a U-shaped structure, an inner protrusion 2-1 is integrally formed inwards on the inner wall of a U-shaped groove in the nail tail 2, and the U-shaped groove in the nail tail 2 is divided into an upper U-shaped cavity 2-1-1 and a lower arc-surface cavity 2-1-2 by the inner protrusion 2-1; the heights of the top surfaces of the cambered surface cavities 2-1-2 are different, namely the height of the cambered top surface 2-1-5 on one side of the top surface is lower than that of the flat top surface 2-1-6 on the other side; the head part 1-1 of the spherical nail body is movably inserted in the cambered surface cavity 2-1-2, the limiting end 1-1-1 at the upper end of the head part 1-1 of the spherical nail body is movably inserted in the U-shaped cavity 2-1-1, one side of the limiting end 1-1-1 is integrally provided with a limiting edge 1-1-2, the outer wall of the limiting end 1-1-1 is movably contacted with the inner wall of the cambered surface cavity 2-1-2 at one side of the cambered surface 2-1-5, the limiting edge 1-1-2 is movably overlapped on the flat top surface 2-1-6 of the cambered surface cavity 2-1-2, the outer wall at the upper end of the nail body 1 is thickened, and the inner wall of the U-shaped cavity 2-1-1 is integrally provided with 2-1-3 internal threads, the inner stud 3 is screwed on the inner thread 2-1-3, the outer wall of the nail tail 2 is integrally formed with an outer thread 2-1-4, and the outer thread 4 is in threaded rotary connection with the outer thread 2-1-4.
Furthermore, the thread pitch on the nail body 1 is vertically arranged from dense to sparse downwards from the head part 1-1 of the spherical nail body.
Furthermore, a gap is arranged between the cambered surface cavity 2-1-2 and the outer wall of the spherical nail body head 1-1.
Furthermore, the sagittal section of the U-shaped groove in the nail tail 2 is a 0 degree, 3 degree, 6 degree or 9 degree inclined plane, nails with different angles can be selected according to the compression degree of fracture, so as to solve the problem of unsatisfactory distraction height and ensure that the nail body 1 and the nail tail 2 form a bearing-like joint which can transversely rotate 0 degree, 3 degree, 6 degree or 9 degree vertical to the longitudinal axis of the body.
The working principle of the specific embodiment is as follows: when the vertebral pedicle screw is used, the vertebral pedicle screw of the embodiment is screwed into a vertebral body through a guide wire, a C-arm machine confirms that the inner fixing position is good through perspective, bone cement is pushed into the vertebral body through a bone cement push rod, a rod placing device is installed, a fixing rod 5 is inserted from the upper part of the vertebral pedicle screw, the fixing rod sequentially penetrates through the nail tails 2 of 2 vertebral pedicle screws through muscle gaps, is screwed into an outer sleeve 4, is opened through an opener, and is alternately screwed up to the outer sleeve 4 and the inner screw column 3, the fixing rod can gradually push a screw body 1 to the direction of opening the vertebral body in the screwing process, and after the vertebral body height and the back convex deformity are recovered to be satisfactory, the remaining amount is screwed up to fix the outer sleeve 4 and the inner screw column 3; after the bone cement flows through the nail body through hole 1-2 in the nail body 1, the bone cement flows into the vertebral body through the bone cement outflow side hole 1-3.
After adopting above-mentioned structure, this embodiment beneficial effect does:
1. on the basis of the traditional minimally invasive pedicle screw, a screw tail 2 and an outer sleeve 4 are additionally used, the outer sleeve 4 is matched with the external thread of the screw tail 2, the outer sleeve 4 and an inner screw column 3 are alternately screwed in the pressing-down process, and are matched internally and externally, so that the fractured vertebral body is safely and effectively expanded, and the screw tail cap is prevented from being separated;
2. the arranged head 1-1 of the spherical nail body enables the nail body 1 to form a club-like structure, and a nail tail 2 with a U-shaped groove is added, so that the nail body 1 and the nail tail 2 form a bearing-like joint which can transversely rotate 0, 3, 6 and 9 degrees vertical to the longitudinal axis of a body;
3. the bone fracture is automatically reset by relying on the top inclined plane of the asymmetric cambered surface cavity 2-1-2 in the nail tail 2 in the screwing process of the outer threaded sleeve 4 without using or slightly bending a rod, and the bone fracture can be reset by automatic rotation;
4. the sagittal section of the U-shaped groove in the nail tail 2 is an inclined plane of 0 degree, 3 degrees, 6 degrees or 9 degrees, and nails with different angles can be selected according to the compression degree of the fracture so as to solve the problem of unsatisfactory distraction height;
5. aiming at osteoporosis patients, in order to increase the holding force of the screw, a double-thread structure of a screw body 1 is adopted, loose threads are adopted in the inner part of a far-end vertebral body, and dense threads are adopted in the inner part of a near-end vertebral pedicle;
6. aiming at the problem that stress is concentrated at the joint part of the nail body 1 and the nail tail 2, the joint part adopts a thickened structure, so that the broken nail caused by stress concentration is effectively prevented.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for the purpose of limiting the same, and other modifications or equivalent substitutions made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. The minimally invasive automatic rotary reduction osteoporosis fracture percutaneous pedicle screw is characterized in that: it comprises a nail body (1), a nail tail (2), an inner screw column (3) and an outer screw sleeve (4); wherein, the upper end of the nail body (1) is integrally formed with a spherical nail body head (1-1), the nail body (1) is internally provided with a nail body through hole (1-2) in a vertical penetrating way, and the front one third position of the nail body (1) is provided with a bone cement outflow side hole (1-3) communicated with the nail body through hole (1-2); the nail tail (2) is of a U-shaped structure, an inner protrusion (2-1) is integrally formed on the inner wall of a U-shaped groove in the nail tail (2) inwards, and the U-shaped groove in the nail tail (2) is divided into a U-shaped cavity (2-1-1) at the upper part and an arc-shaped cavity (2-1-2) at the lower part by the inner protrusion (2-1); the spherical nail body head (1-1) is movably inserted into the cambered surface cavity (2-1-2), the limiting end (1-1-1) at the upper end of the spherical nail body head (1-1) is movably inserted into the U-shaped cavity (2-1-1), a limiting edge (1-1-2) is integrally formed at one side of the limiting end (1-1-1), and the limiting edge (1-1-2) is movably erected at one side of the top surface of the cambered surface cavity (2-1-2); an internal thread (2-1-3) is integrally formed on the inner wall of the U-shaped cavity (2-1-1), an internal stud (3) is screwed on the internal thread (2-1-3), an external thread (2-1-4) is integrally formed on the outer wall of the nail tail (2), and an external thread sleeve (4) is in threaded rotary connection with the external thread (2-1-4).
2. The minimally invasive self-rotating reduction osteoporotic fracture percutaneous pedicle screw according to claim 1, wherein: the thread pitch on the nail body (1) is vertically arranged from dense to sparse downwards from the head part (1-1) of the spherical nail body.
3. The minimally invasive self-rotating reduction osteoporotic fracture percutaneous pedicle screw according to claim 1, wherein: a gap is arranged between the cambered surface cavity (2-1-2) and the outer wall of the spherical nail body head (1-1).
4. The minimally invasive self-rotating reduction osteoporotic fracture percutaneous pedicle screw according to claim 1, wherein: the heights of the top surfaces of the cambered surface cavities (2-1-2) are different.
5. The minimally invasive self-rotating reduction osteoporotic fracture percutaneous pedicle screw according to claim 1, wherein: the sagittal section of the U-shaped groove in the nail tail (2) is a 0 degree, 3 degree, 6 degree or 9 degree inclined plane.
6. The minimally invasive self-rotating reduction osteoporotic fracture percutaneous pedicle screw according to claim 1, wherein: the working principle is as follows: when the vertebral pedicle screw is used, the vertebral pedicle screw is screwed into a vertebral body through a guide wire, a C-arm machine confirms good internal fixing position through perspective, bone cement is pushed into the vertebral body through a bone cement push rod, a rod placing device is installed, a fixing rod is inserted from the upper part of the vertebral pedicle screw, the fixing rod sequentially penetrates through the screw tails of two vertebral pedicle screws through muscle gaps, is screwed into an outer screw sleeve, is propped open by a propping device, and is alternatively screwed down on the outer screw sleeve and an inner screw column, the fixing rod can gradually push a screw body to the direction of propping open the vertebral body in the screwing process, and after the height of the vertebral body and the kyphosis are recovered to be satisfactory, the residual amount is screwed down to fix the outer screw sleeve and the inner screw; after the bone cement flows through the nail body through hole in the nail body, the bone cement flows into the vertebral body through the bone cement outflow side hole.
CN201910809282.2A 2019-08-29 2019-08-29 Minimally invasive automatic rotary reduction osteoporosis fracture percutaneous pedicle screw Pending CN110613503A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

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CN201910809282.2A CN110613503A (en) 2019-08-29 2019-08-29 Minimally invasive automatic rotary reduction osteoporosis fracture percutaneous pedicle screw

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201910809282.2A CN110613503A (en) 2019-08-29 2019-08-29 Minimally invasive automatic rotary reduction osteoporosis fracture percutaneous pedicle screw

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111202552A (en) * 2020-04-02 2020-05-29 邓宇 Percutaneous elastic distraction reduction fixing device for intra-articular fracture

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102949229A (en) * 2011-08-23 2013-03-06 常州市康辉医疗器械有限公司 One-way automatic stretching pedicle screw and application thereof
CN104799931A (en) * 2015-04-13 2015-07-29 李贵涛 Glenoid rail chain type returning fixing and dynamic pedicle screw system
CN204890151U (en) * 2015-07-28 2015-12-23 郝定均 Powerful reduction of fracture percutaneous pedicle of vertebral arch screw of single plane rotation
CN205163221U (en) * 2015-11-30 2016-04-20 苏州微创脊柱创伤医疗科技有限公司 Split type medical screw
CN208228990U (en) * 2017-08-22 2018-12-14 江苏金鹿集团医疗器械有限公司 A kind of vertebral column minimally invasive nail-stick system
US20190069930A1 (en) * 2017-09-07 2019-03-07 Wiltrom Co., Ltd. Device for stabilization of bone segment and extending assembly thereof
CN208822934U (en) * 2017-12-26 2019-05-07 天津正天医疗器械有限公司 Minimally invasive bone cement pedicle screw

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102949229A (en) * 2011-08-23 2013-03-06 常州市康辉医疗器械有限公司 One-way automatic stretching pedicle screw and application thereof
CN104799931A (en) * 2015-04-13 2015-07-29 李贵涛 Glenoid rail chain type returning fixing and dynamic pedicle screw system
CN204890151U (en) * 2015-07-28 2015-12-23 郝定均 Powerful reduction of fracture percutaneous pedicle of vertebral arch screw of single plane rotation
CN205163221U (en) * 2015-11-30 2016-04-20 苏州微创脊柱创伤医疗科技有限公司 Split type medical screw
CN208228990U (en) * 2017-08-22 2018-12-14 江苏金鹿集团医疗器械有限公司 A kind of vertebral column minimally invasive nail-stick system
US20190069930A1 (en) * 2017-09-07 2019-03-07 Wiltrom Co., Ltd. Device for stabilization of bone segment and extending assembly thereof
CN208822934U (en) * 2017-12-26 2019-05-07 天津正天医疗器械有限公司 Minimally invasive bone cement pedicle screw

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111202552A (en) * 2020-04-02 2020-05-29 邓宇 Percutaneous elastic distraction reduction fixing device for intra-articular fracture

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Application publication date: 20191227

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