CN110612833B - 一种纤维用竹新种质秆基合轴丛生竹苗快速繁育方法 - Google Patents

一种纤维用竹新种质秆基合轴丛生竹苗快速繁育方法 Download PDF

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CN110612833B
CN110612833B CN201910900304.6A CN201910900304A CN110612833B CN 110612833 B CN110612833 B CN 110612833B CN 201910900304 A CN201910900304 A CN 201910900304A CN 110612833 B CN110612833 B CN 110612833B
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赖金龙
张宇
罗学刚
胡尚连
黄艳
龙治坚
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种纤维用竹新种质秆基合轴丛生竹苗快速繁育方法,步骤为:选取纤维竹的竹秆50~100cm长秆基;配制秆基丛生竹苗快速繁育复合溶液,复合溶液各组分浓度为吲哚丁酸钾20mg/L,萘乙酸钠10mg/L,6‑苄基氨基嘌呤5mg/L,N‑二甲氨基琥珀酰胺10mg/L,硝酸钙100mg/L;用不锈钢连续注射器在秆基的不同节间注满丛生竹苗快速繁育复合溶液,用不干胶带封严注入口;将处理后的秆基成行埋入地下20cm,覆土浇水并覆盖地膜,保持土壤水分60%~70%;当秆基的各处理节上的芽萌笋成竹形成合轴丛生竹苗并长出不定根时,即可作为纤维用竹新种质速生丰产林种源移植。

Description

一种纤维用竹新种质秆基合轴丛生竹苗快速繁育方法
技术领域
本发明涉及竹苗快速繁育方法,属于造林技术领域。
背景技术
制浆造纸工业是中国乃至世界经济的重要支柱产业之一,在我国经济飞速发展的同时,对纸的需求量会迅速不断的增加。由于在我国森林资源比较短缺和森林保护系列相关的法律政策的不断完善,以及造纸产业链中的废纸回收利用率比较低,木材资源的缺口很大程度上只能依靠进口来弥补,国家不得不花费大量的资金进口木材和木浆。然而,竹作为一种在我国分布广泛的植物自然资源,具有分布广、适应性强、生长快、成才早、经济价值高等特点,一次造林成功后,经过3~5年就可以年年砍伐,且持续几十年以致上百年。竹材的纤维素含量在40%~60%,其优良的制浆性能可与部分木材纤维比美,并且竹浆的纤维形态质量介于草浆和木浆之间,更接近于木浆,这些都促使其成为一种优良的非木材类造纸原材料。因此,定向培育高产优质纤维用材对提高竹浆造纸的可持续发展有重要意义。
竹林在我国被称为“第二森林”,占世界竹林面积的31.82%。中国是利用竹材造纸最早的国家,已有1700多年的历史。全球约有1200余种竹,中国约有39属600余种。竹浆造纸是我国林浆纸一体化发展战略的重要组成部分。但在我国制浆造纸原料多以乡土竹种为主,产量低、质量差,缺乏纤维用竹新种质高产优质定向培育技术,成为竹浆纸一体化定向培育高产优质纤维用材的技术难题。
竹秆是纤维用竹的主体,竹秆从上到下分为秆茎、秆基和秆柄。秆基位于秆茎的下部,常较秆茎粗,由数节至十几节组成,其节间极度缩短粗壮,节上长芽,生根。纤维用竹种秆基上的芽可直接萌笋成竹。在纤维用竹新种质秆基注入秆基丛生竹苗快速繁育复合溶液,复合溶液中的吲哚丁酸钾、萘乙酸钠、6-苄基氨基嘌呤、N-二甲氨基琥珀酰胺等组分可促进秆基上的芽直接萌笋成竹形成合轴丛生竹苗并诱导生根,操作简单,可繁育的纤维用竹新种质广泛,合轴丛生竹苗生长快、缩短成林时间2~3年,竹材产量高、质量好,可实现高产优质纤维用丰产竹林的定向培育。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种纤维用竹新种质秆基合轴丛生竹苗快速繁育的方法,以定向培育出不同用途的优质速生竹材并加工出优质竹纤维原料的纤维用竹丰产林。
本发明的技术方案为:
一种纤维用竹新种质秆基合轴丛生竹苗快速繁育方法,包括以下步骤:
A、选取纤维素含量50%~60%、木质素含量15%~25%的纤维用竹新种质中的竹秆50~100cm长秆基;
B、配制秆基丛生竹苗快速繁育复合溶液,复合溶液各组分浓度为吲哚丁酸钾20mg/L,萘乙酸钠10mg/L,6-苄基氨基嘌呤5mg/L,N-二甲氨基琥珀酰胺10mg/L,硝酸钙100mg/L;
C、用不锈钢连续注射器在秆基的不同节间注满丛生竹苗快速繁育复合溶液,用不干胶带封严注入口;
D、将处理后的秆基成行埋入地下20cm,覆土浇水并覆盖地膜,保持土壤水分60%~70%;
E、当秆基的各处理节上的芽萌笋成竹形成合轴丛生竹苗并长出不定根时,即可作为纤维用竹新种质速生丰产林种源移植。
所述的纤维用竹为慈竹、梁山慈竹、绿竹、撑绿竹、硬头黄竹、牡竹、绵竹或青皮竹。
竹浆造纸是我国林浆纸一体化发展战略的重要组成部分。但在我国制浆造纸原料多以乡土竹种为主,产量低、质量差,缺乏纤维用竹新种质高产优质定向培育技术,成为竹浆纸一体化定向培育高产优质纤维用材的技术难题。竹秆是纤维用竹的主体,竹秆从上到下分为秆茎、秆基和秆柄。秆基位于秆茎的下部,常较秆茎粗,由数节至十几节组成,其节间极度缩短粗壮,节上长芽,生根。纤维用竹种秆基上的芽可直接萌笋成竹。在纤维用竹新种质秆基注入秆基丛生竹苗快速繁育复合溶液,复合溶液中的吲哚丁酸钾、萘乙酸钠、6-苄基氨基嘌呤、N-二甲氨基琥珀酰胺等组分可促进秆基上的芽直接萌笋成竹形成合轴丛生竹苗并诱导生根,操作简单,可繁育的纤维用竹新种质广泛,合轴丛生竹苗生长快、缩短成林时间2~3年,竹材产量高、质量好,可实现高产优质纤维用丰产竹林的定向培育。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明做进一步详细说明。
实施例1:①选取纤维素含量60%、木质素含量15%的纤维用慈竹新种质竹秆50cm长的秆基;②配制秆基丛生竹苗快速繁育复合溶液,复合溶液各组分浓度为吲哚丁酸钾20mg/L,萘乙酸钠10mg/L,6-苄基氨基嘌呤5mg/L,N-二甲氨基琥珀酰胺10mg/L,硝酸钙100mg/L;③用不锈钢连续注射器在秆基的不同节间注满丛生竹苗快速繁育复合溶液,用不干胶带封严注入口;④将处理后的秆基成行埋入地下20cm,覆土浇水并覆盖地膜,保持土壤水分60%;⑤当秆基的各处理节上的芽萌笋成竹形成合轴丛生竹苗并长出不定根时,即可作为纤维用竹新种质速生丰产林种源移植。
实施例2:①选取纤维素含量50%、木质素含量25%的纤维用梁山慈竹新种质竹秆100cm长的秆基;②配制秆基丛生竹苗快速繁育复合溶液,复合溶液各组分浓度为吲哚丁酸钾20mg/L,萘乙酸钠10mg/L,6-苄基氨基嘌呤5mg/L,N-二甲氨基琥珀酰胺10mg/L,硝酸钙100mg/L;③用不锈钢连续注射器在秆基的不同节间注满丛生竹苗快速繁育复合溶液,用不干胶带封严注入口;④将处理后的秆基成行埋入地下20cm,覆土浇水并覆盖地膜,保持土壤水分70%;⑤当秆基的各处理节上的芽萌笋成竹形成合轴丛生竹苗并长出不定根时,即可作为纤维用竹新种质速生丰产林种源移植。
实施例3:①选取纤维素含量55%、木质素含量20%的纤维用绿竹新种质竹秆75cm长的秆基;②配制秆基丛生竹苗快速繁育复合溶液,复合溶液各组分浓度为吲哚丁酸钾20mg/L,萘乙酸钠10mg/L,6-苄基氨基嘌呤5mg/L,N-二甲氨基琥珀酰胺10mg/L,硝酸钙100mg/L;③用不锈钢连续注射器在秆基的不同节间注满丛生竹苗快速繁育复合溶液,用不干胶带封严注入口;④将处理后的秆基成行埋入地下20cm,覆土浇水并覆盖地膜,保持土壤水分65%;⑤当秆基的各处理节上的芽萌笋成竹形成合轴丛生竹苗并长出不定根时,即可作为纤维用竹新种质速生丰产林种源移植。
实施例4:①选取纤维素含量57%、木质素含量17%的纤维用撑绿竹新种质竹秆80cm长的秆基;②配制秆基丛生竹苗快速繁育复合溶液,复合溶液各组分浓度为吲哚丁酸钾20mg/L,萘乙酸钠10mg/L,6-苄基氨基嘌呤5mg/L,N-二甲氨基琥珀酰胺10mg/L,硝酸钙100mg/L;③用不锈钢连续注射器在秆基的不同节间注满丛生竹苗快速繁育复合溶液,用不干胶带封严注入口;④将处理后的秆基成行埋入地下20cm,覆土浇水并覆盖地膜,保持土壤水分67%;⑤当秆基的各处理节上的芽萌笋成竹形成合轴丛生竹苗并长出不定根时,即可作为纤维用竹新种质速生丰产林种源移植。
实施例5:①选取纤维素含量53%、木质素含量24%的纤维用硬头黄竹新种质竹秆65cm长的秆基;②配制秆基丛生竹苗快速繁育复合溶液,复合溶液各组分浓度为吲哚丁酸钾20mg/L,萘乙酸钠10mg/L,6-苄基氨基嘌呤5mg/L,N-二甲氨基琥珀酰胺10mg/L,硝酸钙100mg/L;③用不锈钢连续注射器在秆基的不同节间注满丛生竹苗快速繁育复合溶液,用不干胶带封严注入口;④将处理后的秆基成行埋入地下20cm,覆土浇水并覆盖地膜,保持土壤水分66%;⑤当秆基的各处理节上的芽萌笋成竹形成合轴丛生竹苗并长出不定根时,即可作为纤维用竹新种质速生丰产林种源移植。
实施例6:①选取纤维素含量54%、木质素含量23%的纤维用牡竹新种质竹秆70cm长的秆基;②配制秆基丛生竹苗快速繁育复合溶液,复合溶液各组分浓度为吲哚丁酸钾20mg/L,萘乙酸钠10mg/L,6-苄基氨基嘌呤5mg/L,N-二甲氨基琥珀酰胺10mg/L,硝酸钙100mg/L;③用不锈钢连续注射器在秆基的不同节间注满丛生竹苗快速繁育复合溶液,用不干胶带封严注入口;④将处理后的秆基成行埋入地下20cm,覆土浇水并覆盖地膜,保持土壤水分62%;⑤当秆基的各处理节上的芽萌笋成竹形成合轴丛生竹苗并长出不定根时,即可作为纤维用竹新种质速生丰产林种源移植。
实施例7:①选取纤维素含量53%、木质素含量24%的纤维用绵竹新种质竹秆90cm长的秆基;②配制秆基丛生竹苗快速繁育复合溶液,复合溶液各组分浓度为吲哚丁酸钾20mg/L,萘乙酸钠10mg/L,6-苄基氨基嘌呤5mg/L,N-二甲氨基琥珀酰胺10mg/L,硝酸钙100mg/L;③用不锈钢连续注射器在秆基的不同节间注满丛生竹苗快速繁育复合溶液,用不干胶带封严注入口;④将处理后的秆基成行埋入地下20cm,覆土浇水并覆盖地膜,保持土壤水分60%;⑤当秆基的各处理节上的芽萌笋成竹形成合轴丛生竹苗并长出不定根时,即可作为纤维用竹新种质速生丰产林种源移植。
实施例8:①选取纤维素含量56%、木质素含量21%的纤维用青皮竹新种质竹秆65cm长的秆基;②配制秆基丛生竹苗快速繁育复合溶液,复合溶液各组分浓度为吲哚丁酸钾20mg/L,萘乙酸钠10mg/L,6-苄基氨基嘌呤5mg/L,N-二甲氨基琥珀酰胺10mg/L,硝酸钙100mg/L;③用不锈钢连续注射器在秆基的不同节间注满丛生竹苗快速繁育复合溶液,用不干胶带封严注入口;④将处理后的秆基成行埋入地下20cm,覆土浇水并覆盖地膜,保持土壤水分70%;⑤当秆基的各处理节上的芽萌笋成竹形成合轴丛生竹苗并长出不定根时,即可作为纤维用竹新种质速生丰产林种源移植。
以上所述,仅为本发明较佳的具体实施方式,但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此,任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明披露的技术范围内,可轻易想到的变化或替换,都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (2)

1.一种纤维用竹新种质秆基合轴丛生竹苗快速繁育方法,其特征在于:包括以下步骤:
A、选取纤维素含量50%~60%、木质素含量15%~25%的纤维用竹新种质中的竹秆50~100cm长秆基;
B、配制秆基丛生竹苗快速繁育复合溶液,复合溶液各组分浓度为吲哚丁酸钾20mg/L,萘乙酸钠10mg/L,6-苄基氨基嘌呤5mg/L,N-二甲氨基琥珀酰胺10mg/L,硝酸钙100mg/L;
C、用不锈钢连续注射器在秆基的不同节间注满丛生竹苗快速繁育复合溶液,用不干胶带封严注入口;
D、将处理后的秆基成行埋入地下20cm,覆土浇水并覆盖地膜,保持土壤水分60%~70%;
E、当秆基的各处理节上的芽萌笋成竹形成合轴丛生竹苗并长出不定根时,即可作为纤维用竹新种质速生丰产林种源移植。
2.根据权利要求1所述的纤维用竹新种质秆基合轴丛生竹苗快速繁育方法,其特征在于:所述的纤维用竹 为慈竹、梁山慈竹、绿竹、撑绿竹、硬头黄竹、牡竹、绵竹、青皮竹。
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