CN110611109A - Regulating and controlling method and system of electrolyte and flow battery energy storage system - Google Patents
Regulating and controlling method and system of electrolyte and flow battery energy storage system Download PDFInfo
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- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 359
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 118
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 79
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 115
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 32
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 claims description 16
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- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
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- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The application discloses a regulating and controlling method and system of electrolyte and a flow battery energy storage system. The regulating and controlling method of the electrolyte is suitable for the flow battery energy storage device, the flow battery energy storage device comprises an electrolyte storage tank and a battery pile device, the battery pile device is formed by connecting a plurality of liquid path pipelines in parallel, each liquid path pipeline is connected with the electrolyte of a plurality of battery piles in series, and the method comprises the following steps: determining a state of charge value of an electrolyte in a cell stack device; determining a target electrolyte flow rate delivered by an electrolyte storage tank to the cell stack device under the condition that the state of charge value of the electrolyte in the cell stack device is within a first preset range; and regulating the flow battery energy storage device to a target state according to the target electrolyte flow. Through the application, the problem that in the related art, the flow of the liquid paths of the cell stacks can not be effectively controlled by the energy storage device with the plurality of liquid paths of the cell stacks connected in series on the liquid flow pipelines connected in parallel, and stable charging and discharging of a system are realized is solved.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of flow control of redox flow batteries and energy storage devices of the redox flow batteries, in particular to a method and a system for regulating and controlling electrolyte and a technology of an energy storage system of the redox flow battery.
Background
Redox flow batteries are a new type of electrochemical energy storage system, and the flow batteries achieve charge and discharge by using a redox reaction between active ions contained in a positive electrode electrolyte and active ions contained in a negative electrode electrolyte. Fig. 1 shows a working principle diagram of an all-vanadium redox flow battery, and the principle is that redox reaction occurs between vanadium ions with different valence states to realize electric energy storage and utilization. V5+/V4+ vanadium ion electrolyte and V2+/V3+ vanadium ion electrolyte are respectively stored in the positive electrode electrolyte storage tank and the negative electrode electrolyte storage tank, and are conveyed to a positive electrode reaction area and a negative electrode reaction area in the battery stack through a pump, and the electrolytes are subjected to redox reaction in the reaction areas. In the charging and discharging process, vanadium ions with different valence states are converted, and the battery reaction is as follows:
and (3) positive electrode:
negative electrode:
in the related art, the output power of the energy storage device is generally improved by connecting a plurality of cell stack liquid circuits in series or in parallel, so as to meet the requirements of the energy storage device on parameters such as output voltage, current and the like. For simple parallel connection or serial connection of liquid paths, in the related art, the flow of the cell stack is kept constant when the SOC value is less than 50%, the electrolyte flow of the cell stack is gradually increased when the SOC value is greater than 50% and less than 80%, and the electrolyte flow is increased when the SOC value is greater than 80%.
For the energy storage device with two or more cell stack liquid circuits connected in series on the liquid flow pipelines connected in parallel, the charging and discharging process is much more complicated than the full parallel mode of the cell stack liquid circuits, namely, the electrolyte flow of the liquid flow battery system when the cell stack liquid circuits are connected in series and parallel is not only related to the state of charge (SOC) of the electrolyte, but also related to the selection of the state of charge (SOC) and the change value (delta SOC) thereof and the stoichiometric ratio (namely Stoich value) of the electrolyte in the process of realizing the stable charging and discharging of the energy storage device. Therefore, the current technical scheme for controlling the flow of the electrolyte with simple liquid paths connected in parallel or liquid paths connected in series is not suitable for flow control calculation in a mode that a plurality of cell stacks are connected in series on liquid flow pipelines connected in parallel, the pump consumption of a system cannot be effectively reduced, and stable charging and discharging of an energy storage device cannot be ensured.
Aiming at the problems that in the related art, an energy storage device with a plurality of cell stack liquid paths connected in series is arranged on liquid flow pipelines connected in parallel, the flow of the cell stack liquid paths cannot be effectively controlled, and stable charging and discharging of a system are realized, an effective solution is not provided at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides a method and a system for regulating and controlling electrolyte and a flow battery energy storage system, which aim to solve the problems that in the related art, the flow of a liquid path of a battery stack cannot be effectively controlled and stable charging and discharging of the system are realized by aiming at an energy storage device with a plurality of liquid paths of the battery stack connected in series on liquid flow pipelines connected in parallel.
According to one aspect of the present application, a method of regulating an electrolyte is provided. The method is suitable for a flow battery energy storage device, the flow battery energy storage device comprises an electrolyte storage tank and a battery stack device, the battery stack device is formed by connecting a plurality of liquid path pipelines in parallel, each liquid path pipeline is connected in series and communicated with electrolyte of a plurality of battery stacks, and the method comprises the following steps: determining a state of charge value of an electrolyte in the cell stack device; determining a target electrolyte flow rate delivered by the electrolyte storage tank to the cell stack device under the condition that the state of charge value of the electrolyte in the cell stack device is within a first preset range; and regulating the energy storage device of the flow battery to a target state according to the target electrolyte flow.
Further, determining a target electrolyte flow rate delivered by the electrolyte reservoir to the cell stack arrangement includes: determining a total number of cell stacks included in the cell stack arrangement; determining the state of charge change value of the single-cycle electrolyte of the cell stack device according to the state of charge value; determining a first target electrolyte flow according to the state of charge change value, the state of charge value and the total number of the cell stacks; according to the target electrolyte flow, regulating the flow battery energy storage device to a target state comprises the following steps: regulating and controlling the flow of the electrolyte delivered to the cell stack device by the electrolyte storage tank according to the first target electrolyte flow; and when the flow rate of the electrolyte delivered to the cell stack device by the electrolyte storage tank is the first target electrolyte flow rate, controlling the flow battery energy storage device to charge.
Further, determining a target electrolyte flow rate delivered by the electrolyte reservoir to the cell stack arrangement includes: respectively determining the total number of the cell stacks contained in the cell stack device and the number of the cell stacks connected in series with each liquid pipeline; determining the stoichiometric ratio of the electrolyte in the cell stack device according to the state of charge value, wherein the stoichiometric ratio is the ratio of the total amount of dischargeable ions in the electrolyte in the cell stack device per unit time to the amount of ions which have undergone oxidation reaction for discharging; determining a second target electrolyte flow according to the stoichiometric ratio of the electrolyte, the state of charge value, the total number of cell stacks contained in the cell stack device and the number of cell stacks connected in series with each liquid pipeline; according to the target electrolyte flow, regulating the flow battery energy storage device to a target state comprises the following steps: regulating and controlling the flow of the electrolyte delivered to the cell stack device by the electrolyte storage tank according to the second target electrolyte flow; and when the flow rate of the electrolyte delivered to the cell stack device by the electrolyte storage tank is a second target electrolyte flow rate, controlling the flow battery energy storage device to discharge.
Further, determining the state of charge value of the electrolyte in the cell stack device comprises: determining an open circuit voltage value of the cell stack device; and determining the state of charge value of the electrolyte in the cell stack device according to the open-circuit voltage value.
Further, the upper limit of the first preset range is 70% to 90%, and the lower limit of the first preset range is 10% to 30%.
Further, the value range of the state of charge variation value is 10% to 20%.
Further, the electrolyte has a stoichiometric ratio in a range of 1.8 to 8.0.
According to another aspect of the present application, a conditioning system for an electrolyte is provided. This system is furnished with and is applicable to redox flow battery energy memory, redox flow battery energy memory includes electrolyte storage tank and battery pile device, the battery pile device comprises many liquid way pipelines parallelly connected, every the electrolyte that a plurality of batteries of liquid way pipeline series connection intercommunication were piled, and this system includes: the first determining unit is connected with a first liquid path main pipeline and a second liquid path main pipeline of the flow battery energy storage device and used for determining the state of charge value of electrolyte in the battery stack device, wherein the first liquid path main pipeline is a pipeline for conveying the electrolyte in the electrolyte storage tank to the battery stack device, and the second liquid path main pipeline is a pipeline for conveying the electrolyte in the battery stack device to the electrolyte storage tank; the second determination unit is connected with the first determination unit and used for determining the target electrolyte flow rate of the electrolyte storage tank conveyed to the cell stack device under the condition that the state of charge value of the electrolyte in the cell stack device is within a first preset range; and the regulating and controlling unit is connected with the second determining unit and the flow battery energy storage device and is used for regulating and controlling the flow battery energy storage device to a target state according to the target electrolyte flow.
Further, the second determination unit includes: a first data processor for determining the total number of cell stacks comprised in said cell stack arrangement; the second data processor is connected with the first determining unit and used for determining the state of charge change value of the electrolyte of the cell stack device in a single circulation according to the state of charge value; the third data processor is connected with the first data processor and the second data processor and used for determining the flow of the first target electrolyte according to the state of charge change value, the state of charge value and the total number of the cell stacks; the regulatory unit comprises: the first regulating and controlling device is connected with the third data processor and the flow battery energy storage device and is used for regulating and controlling the flow of the electrolyte conveyed to the cell stack device by the electrolyte storage tank according to the first target electrolyte flow; and the second regulating device is connected with the first regulating device and the flow battery energy storage device and is used for controlling the flow battery energy storage device to charge when the flow of the electrolyte delivered to the battery pile device by the electrolyte storage tank is the first target electrolyte flow.
Further, the second determination unit includes: the fourth data processor is used for respectively determining the total number of the cell stacks contained in the cell stack device and the number of the cell stacks connected in series with each liquid pipeline; the fifth data processor is connected with the first determining unit and used for determining the stoichiometric ratio of the electrolyte in the cell stack device according to the state of charge value, wherein the stoichiometric ratio is the ratio of the total amount of dischargeable ions in the electrolyte in the cell stack device in unit time to the amount of ions which have undergone oxidation reaction and are discharged; the sixth data processor is connected with the fourth data processor and the fifth data processor and used for determining a second target electrolyte flow according to the stoichiometric ratio of the electrolyte, the state of charge value, the total number of cell stacks contained in the cell stack device and the number of cell stacks connected in series with each liquid path pipeline; the regulatory unit comprises: the third regulating and controlling device is connected with the sixth data processor and the flow battery energy storage device and is used for regulating and controlling the flow of the electrolyte conveyed to the cell stack device by the electrolyte storage tank according to the second target electrolyte flow; and the fourth regulating device is connected with the third regulating device and the flow battery energy storage device and is used for controlling the flow battery energy storage device to discharge when the flow of the electrolyte conveyed to the battery pile device by the electrolyte storage tank is the second target electrolyte flow.
Further, the first processor comprises: the monitoring device is connected with a first liquid path main pipeline and a second liquid path main pipeline of the flow battery energy storage device and used for determining an open-circuit voltage value of the battery stack device, wherein the first liquid path main pipeline is a pipeline for conveying the electrolyte in the electrolyte storage tank to the battery stack device, and the second liquid path main pipeline is a pipeline for conveying the electrolyte in the battery stack device to the electrolyte storage tank; and the seventh data processor is connected with the monitoring device and used for determining the state of charge value of the electrolyte in the cell stack device according to the open-circuit voltage value.
Further, the upper limit of the first preset range is 70% to 90%, and the lower limit of the first preset range is 10% to 30%.
Further, the value range of the state of charge variation value is 10% to 20%.
Further, the electrolyte has a stoichiometric ratio in a range of 1.8 to 8.0.
Further, the relationship between the open-circuit voltage value and the state of charge value of the electrolyte in the cell stack device is as follows: OCV 1.2046+0.88 × SOC-1.399 × SOC2+0.919×SOC3Wherein the open circuit voltage value is represented as OCV and the state of charge value is represented as SOC.
According to another aspect of the present application, a flow battery energy storage system is provided. The flow battery energy storage system comprises an electrolyte regulation and control system, wherein the electrolyte regulation and control system is any one of the electrolyte regulation and control systems.
This application is applicable to redox flow battery energy memory, redox flow battery energy memory includes that electrolyte storage tank and battery pile device, the battery pile device comprises many liquid way pipelines parallelly connected, every the electrolyte of a plurality of battery piles of liquid way pipeline series connection intercommunication adopts following step through this application: determining a state of charge value of an electrolyte in the cell stack device; determining a target electrolyte flow rate delivered by the electrolyte storage tank to the cell stack device under the condition that the state of charge value of the electrolyte in the cell stack device is within a first preset range; according to the target electrolyte flow, the flow battery energy storage device is regulated to a target state, and the problems that in the related art, the flow of the liquid paths of the cell stacks cannot be effectively controlled and stable charging and discharging of a system are realized due to the fact that the energy storage devices which are connected in series with the liquid paths of the cell stacks are arranged on the liquid flow pipelines which are connected in parallel are solved. And then the effects of effectively controlling the flow of the liquid paths of the cell stacks and realizing the stable charging and discharging of the system by aiming at the energy storage devices which are connected with the liquid paths of the cell stacks in series and are arranged on the liquid flow pipelines which are connected in parallel are achieved.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the application and, together with the description, serve to explain the application and are not intended to limit the application. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the operation of an all vanadium redox flow battery in the related art;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a method for regulating an electrolyte provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure; and
FIG. 3 is a first schematic diagram of a fluid path pipeline of an alternative electrolyte regulating method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 4 is a second schematic diagram of a fluid path pipeline of an alternative electrolyte regulation method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a conditioning system for an electrolyte provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict. The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.
In order to make the technical solutions better understood by those skilled in the art, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only partial embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and claims of this application and in the drawings described above are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It should be understood that the data so used may be interchanged under appropriate circumstances such that embodiments of the application described herein may be used. Furthermore, the terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed, but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
According to an embodiment of the application, a method for regulating an electrolyte is provided.
Fig. 2 is a flowchart of a method for regulating an electrolyte according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 2, the method comprises the steps of:
step S102, determining the state of charge value of the electrolyte in the cell stack device.
And step S104, determining the target electrolyte flow rate of the electrolyte storage tank for conveying to the cell stack device under the condition that the state of charge value of the electrolyte in the cell stack device is within a first preset range.
And S106, regulating the flow battery energy storage device to a target state according to the target electrolyte flow.
It should be noted that: in the related art, a plurality of cell stacks are generally connected in series or in parallel, and for an energy storage device in which a liquid pipeline connects electrolytes of the cell stacks in series, the charging and discharging process is much more complicated than the mode that the liquid circuits of the cell stacks are all connected in parallel, but at the moment, a flow control method which is applicable to the simple parallel connection or the series connection of the liquid circuits of the cell stacks in the related art is not applicable any more, and meanwhile, the stable charging and discharging of the energy storage device in which the liquid pipeline connects the liquid circuits of the cell stacks in series cannot be guaranteed, but the stable charging and discharging of the energy storage device is the most basic and the most important requirement.
The electrolyte regulation and control method is suitable for the flow battery energy storage device, wherein the flow battery energy storage device comprises an electrolyte storage tank and a battery stack device, the battery stack device is formed by connecting a plurality of liquid path pipelines in parallel, and each liquid path pipeline is connected with the electrolyte of a plurality of battery stacks in series. The method for regulating and controlling the electrolyte is suitable for the energy storage device in which the liquid path pipeline connects a plurality of cell stacks in series.
It should be noted that: in the related art, the flow rate of the cell stack is usually kept constant when the SOC value is less than 50%, the flow rate of the electrolyte in the cell stack is gradually increased when the SOC value is greater than 50% and less than 80%, and the increase in the flow rate of the electrolyte is increased when the SOC value is greater than 80%.
When the energy storage device is charged, the charging Voltage is higher than the Open Circuit Voltage (OCV) of the system in the same state, and when the energy storage device is discharged, the discharging Voltage is lower than the Open Circuit Voltage (OCV) of the system in the same state. The difference between the actual voltage value in the charging and discharging process and the open-circuit voltage of the system under the same state is the polarization voltage. When the state of charge SOC of the electrolyte approaches full discharge (SOC is 0%) or approaches full charge (SOC is 100%), the polarization voltage of the stack increases rapidly, and the charge-discharge efficiency of the energy storage device stack is rapidly decreased by the polarization voltage.
In order to avoid a rapid decrease of the charge and discharge efficiency of the energy storage device caused by the polarization voltage, optionally, in the method for regulating and controlling the electrolyte provided in the embodiment of the present application, the upper limit of the first preset range is 70% to 90%, and the lower limit of the first preset range is 10% to 30%, so as to ensure that the charge and discharge energy maintains a high efficiency.
It should be noted that: because each parameter of the energy storage device may be inconsistent, the upper limit of the first preset range may be larger, and the upper limit of the first preset range may also be smaller, so that the specific values of the upper limit and the lower limit of the first preset range need specific analysis of specific conditions, for example, because the materials of the diaphragms between the positive reaction area and the negative reaction area in the cell stack are different, the first preset ranges of different energy storage devices are different.
Optionally, in the method for regulating and controlling an electrolyte provided in the embodiment of the present application, determining the state of charge value of the electrolyte in the cell stack device includes: determining an open circuit voltage value of the cell stack device; and determining the state of charge value of the electrolyte in the cell stack device according to the open-circuit voltage value.
That is, in the present application, the state of charge of the electrolyte in the cell stack device is obtained by the open circuit voltage value of the cell stack device, and it should be noted that: the larger the charge amount in the electrolyte is, the higher the open-circuit voltage value is, and through a large number of tests, the relation between the open-circuit voltage value and the state of charge value of the electrolyte in the cell stack device can be obtained as follows:
OCV＝1.2046+0.88×SOC-1.399×SOC2+0.919×SOC3。
the open-circuit voltage value is represented by OCV and the state-of-charge value is represented by SOC, and the open-circuit voltage value of the cell stack device may be monitored by the battery management system BMS.
For the target state of the flow battery energy storage device in the embodiment, the target state of the flow battery energy storage device mainly includes a charging state and a discharging state, where the charging state refers to charging the flow battery energy storage device, that is, performing charging processing on the flow battery energy storage device, and the discharging state refers to discharging the flow battery energy storage device, that is, performing charging processing on other devices by the flow battery energy storage device.
It should be noted that: when a plurality of battery stack liquid circuits are connected in series and in parallel, the electrolyte flow of the flow battery system is not only related to the state of charge (SOC) of the electrolyte, but also related to selection of the SOC, a change value (delta SOC) of the SOC and the stoichiometric ratio (namely a Stoich value) of the electrolyte in the process of realizing stable charging and discharging of the energy storage device.
Therefore, the current technical scheme is not suitable for flow control calculation in a mode that a plurality of cell stacks are connected in series in a liquid path pipeline, the pump consumption of the system cannot be effectively reduced, and stable charging and discharging of the energy storage device cannot be ensured.
Based on the above parameters related to stable charging and discharging of the energy storage device, in order to ensure stable charging and discharging of the energy storage device when the energy storage device of the flow battery is in a charging state, optionally, in the method for regulating and controlling the electrolyte provided in the embodiment of the present application, determining the target electrolyte flow rate delivered by the electrolyte storage tank to the cell stack device includes: determining the total number of cell stacks contained in the cell stack device; determining the state of charge change value of the single-cycle electrolyte of the battery stack device according to the state of charge value; determining the flow of a first target electrolyte according to the charge state change value, the charge state value and the total number of the cell stacks; according to the target electrolyte flow, the step of regulating the flow battery energy storage device to the target state comprises the following steps: regulating and controlling the flow of the electrolyte delivered to the cell stack device by the electrolyte storage tank according to the first target electrolyte flow; and when the flow of the electrolyte delivered to the cell stack device by the electrolyte storage tank is the first target electrolyte flow, controlling the flow battery energy storage device to charge.
That is, the embodiment of the application enables the change value delta SOC of the state of charge of the electrolyte in the liquid flow pipeline of the inlet and outlet branch to be within a reasonable range by controlling the flow of the electrolyte, so that the energy storage device is stably charged.
Specifically, the reasonable range of the state of charge change value Δ SOC of the electrolyte in the liquid flow pipeline entering and exiting the branch is 10% to 20%.
Further, under the condition that the change value delta SOC of the electrolyte state of the liquid flow pipeline of the inlet and outlet branches is within a reasonable range, namely the change value delta SOC of the electrolyte state of the liquid flow pipeline of the inlet and outlet branches is within a range of 10% to 20%, the change value of the state of charge of the electrolyte of the battery stack device in a single cycle is determined according to the state of charge value, so that the change value of the state of charge is within the reasonable range, the polarization voltage of the battery stack in the charging process is reduced, the potential difference of single batteries of each battery stack due to the difference of the states of charge is reduced, the stable charging of the energy storage device of the liquid flow battery is ensured, and the overall efficiency of the.
Specifically, when the state of charge value of the electrolyte tends to the upper limit or tends to the lower limit, the value of the state of charge change value of the electrolyte tends to a low value; and when the charge state value of the electrolyte is between the upper limit and the lower limit, the value of the charge state change value of the electrolyte tends to a high value.
To address the above conclusions, it should be noted that: and monitoring the open-circuit voltage OCV of the electrolyte entering and exiting the cell stack through a cell management system, calculating the SOC of the electrolyte entering and exiting the cell stack, and further obtaining a delta SOC value. The variation range of delta SOC is maintained between 10% and 20%, the charging process is close to the range of the lower limit or the upper limit of the SOC, and the polarization voltage is remarkably increased along with the variation of the SOC; in the middle process, the change of the polarization voltage along with the SOC is not obvious. Therefore, the applicant obtains that when the charge state value of the electrolyte tends to the upper limit or the lower limit, the value of the charge state change value of the electrolyte tends to a low value; when the electrolyte state of charge value is between the upper limit and the lower limit, the value of the electrolyte state of charge change value tends to a high value, so that the polarization voltage of the cell stack in the charging process is reduced, the potential difference of single batteries of each cell stack caused by the charge state difference is reduced, the stable charging of the flow battery energy storage device is ensured, and the overall efficiency of the system is improved.
In addition, when a plurality of cell stacks are connected in series by a liquid path pipeline of the energy storage device, the charge states of the electrolytes entering the liquid path pipelines at the same time are the same. That is, when the SOC of the electrolyte changes after the charging and discharging of the cell stacks and the liquid pipeline connects the two cell stacks in series (as shown in fig. 3), the liquid discharged from the nth cell stack is the liquid fed from the 2 nth cell stack. The electrolyte is charged and discharged through the nth cell stack and the 2 nth cell stack, the SOC change values are respectively delta SOCn and delta SOC2n, and the state of charge change value delta SOC of the electrolyte in and out of the liquid pipeline is delta SOCn + delta SOC2 n. When three cell stacks are connected in series (as shown in fig. 4), the change value of the state of charge of the electrolyte in the inlet and outlet liquid pipeline is Δ SOC ═ Δ SOCn + Δ SOC2n + Δ SOC3 n. In general, the change value Δ SOC of the charge state of the inlet and outlet liquid of each liquid channel pipeline is almost the same. Based on the above, the relation between the total electrolyte flow F delivered by the pump of the energy storage device and the change value delta SOC of the electrolyte state of charge in the circulation is obtained as follows:
wherein J is the current density of the galvanic pile, mA/cm2(ii) a A is the area of the reaction area of the cell stack and the unit cm2；niThe number of the single cell stack sections; c is the molar concentration of active substances in the electrolyte, and the unit mol/L; f is the Faraday constant, 96485 c/mol; and delta SOC is the change value of the state of charge of the liquid inlet and the liquid return of the electrolyte main pipeline in a single circulation. The battery management system monitors the open-circuit voltage OCV of the electrolyte entering and exiting the battery stack, and can calculate the SOC of the electrolyte entering and exiting the battery stack, namely the delta SOC value can be obtained.
In the same way, based on parameters related to stable charging and discharging of the energy storage device, in order to ensure stable charging and discharging of the energy storage device when the energy storage device of the flow battery is in a discharging state, optionally, in the method for regulating and controlling the electrolyte provided by the embodiment of the present application, determining the target electrolyte flow rate of the electrolyte storage tank conveyed to the battery stack device includes: respectively determining the total number of cell stacks contained in the cell stack device and the number of cell stacks connected in series with each liquid pipeline; determining the stoichiometric ratio of the electrolyte in the cell stack device according to the state of charge value, wherein the stoichiometric ratio is the ratio of the total amount of dischargeable ions in the electrolyte in the cell stack device in unit time to the amount of ions which have undergone oxidation reaction for discharging; determining a second target electrolyte flow according to the stoichiometric ratio and the state of charge value of the electrolyte, the total number of cell stacks contained in the cell stack device and the number of cell stacks connected in series with each liquid path pipeline; according to the target electrolyte flow, the step of regulating the flow battery energy storage device to the target state comprises the following steps: regulating and controlling the flow of the electrolyte delivered to the cell stack device by the electrolyte storage tank according to the second target electrolyte flow; and when the flow of the electrolyte delivered to the cell stack device by the electrolyte storage tank is the second target electrolyte flow, controlling the flow battery energy storage device to discharge.
That is, this application makes the stoichiometric ratio of business turn over branch's flow pipeline electrolyte in reasonable scope through the flow of control electrolyte to realize energy memory's stable discharge.
Specifically, the stoichiometric ratio of the electrolyte in and out of the branched flow lines is in the range of 1.8 to 8.0.
Furthermore, under the condition that the stoichiometric ratio of the electrolyte in the liquid flow pipelines of the inlet and outlet branches is in a reasonable range, namely the stoichiometric ratio of the electrolyte in the liquid flow pipelines of the inlet and outlet branches is in a range of 1.8-8.0, the stoichiometric ratio of the electrolyte in the battery stack device is determined according to the charge state value, so that the flow rate of the electrolyte is in a reasonable range, and the flow rate of the electrolyte is prevented from being changed violently under the condition that the energy storage device of the flow battery discharges stably.
Specifically, when the state of charge value of the electrolyte approaches to the upper limit, the value of the stoichiometric ratio of the electrolyte approaches to a high value; and when the charge state value of the electrolyte approaches to the lower limit, the value of the stoichiometric ratio of the electrolyte approaches to a low value.
To address the above conclusions, it should be noted that: in general, in order to maintain stable discharge of the stack, the stoichiometric ratio of the flow rate of the electrolyte in the stack cannot be less than 1.6, and when the stoichiometric ratio of the electrolyte is less than 1.6, the stack cannot achieve stable discharge.
However, in the present application, the economic range of the stoichiometric ratio is set to be 1.8 to 8.0, so that the optimal discharge state, i.e., stable discharge and high discharge efficiency, can be achieved.
Further, the larger the selection value of the stoichiometric ratio, the larger the flow rate of the electrolyte, and the larger the pump. Based on this canObtaining electrolyte flow F into a single stack during dischargeiThe calculation formula is as follows:
unit m3s。
Wherein J is the current density of the galvanic pile, mA/cm2(ii) a A is the area of the reaction area of the cell stack and the unit cm2；niThe number of the single cell stack sections; stoich is the electrolyte stoichiometric ratio, and the recommended economic range is 1.8-8.0. C is the molar concentration of active substances in the electrolyte, and the unit mol/L; f is the Faraday constant, 96485 c/mol; SOC is the state of charge of the electrolyte, and the operation interval is (10% -30%) to (70% -90%).
Based on the metering formula, the total electrolyte flow F of the energy storage device conveyed to each cell stack by the pump in the discharging process can be obtained, and the calculation formula is as follows:
wherein J is the current density of the galvanic pile, mA/cm2(ii) a A is the area of the reaction area of the cell stack and the unit cm2；niThe number of the single cell stack sections; stoich is the electrolyte stoichiometric ratio, and the recommended economic range is 1.8-8.0; n isStringThe number of the cell stacks connected in series on each parallel liquid path pipeline; c is the molar concentration of active substances in the electrolyte, and the unit mol/L; f is the Faraday constant, 96485 c/mol; SOC is the state of charge of the electrolyte, and the operation interval is (10% -30%) to (70% -90%).
The optimal selection value of the number of the cell stacks connected in series on each parallel liquid path pipeline is 2 or 3, the schematic flow pipeline connection diagram of the flow battery energy storage device with the number of the cell stacks connected in series on each parallel liquid path pipeline being 2 is shown in fig. 3, and the schematic flow pipeline connection diagram of the flow battery energy storage device with the number of the cell stacks connected in series on each parallel liquid path pipeline being 3 is shown in fig. 4.
By establishing a formula related to the stoichiometric ratio Stoich of the electrolyte, the state of charge SOC of the electrolyte and the total electrolyte flow rate of the energy storage device conveyed to each cell stack by the pump, the technical effects that not only the electrolyte flow rate is in a reasonable range, but also the electrolyte flow rate is prevented from being changed violently and the pump consumption for conveying the electrolyte is reduced under the condition that the energy storage device of the flow battery discharges stably are achieved.
To sum up, the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the application realizes the following technical effects: 1. in the discharging process of the flow battery device, the economical and reasonable electrolyte flow is calculated and provided by selecting the Stoich as the stoichiometric ratio, so that the stable discharging of the device is realized, and the pump consumption for conveying the electrolyte is reduced. 2. In the charging process of the flow battery device, electrolyte with corresponding flow is calculated and provided through a pump by controlling the charge state change value delta SOC of the inlet electrolyte and the outlet electrolyte, so that the stable charging of the device is realized, and the energy efficiency of the device is improved.
It should be noted that the steps illustrated in the flowcharts of the figures may be performed in a computer system such as a set of computer-executable instructions and that, although a logical order is illustrated in the flowcharts, in some cases, the steps illustrated or described may be performed in an order different than presented herein.
The embodiment of the present application further provides a regulating and controlling system for an electrolyte, and it should be noted that the regulating and controlling system for an electrolyte according to the embodiment of the present application may be used to execute the regulating and controlling method for an electrolyte according to the embodiment of the present application. The electrolyte regulation system provided by the embodiment of the application is introduced below.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a conditioning system for an electrolyte according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 5, the system includes: a first determining unit 51, a second determining unit 53 and a regulating unit 55.
The first determining unit 51 is connected to a first liquid path main pipeline and a second liquid path main pipeline of the flow battery energy storage device, and is configured to determine a state of charge value of an electrolyte in the battery stack device, where the first liquid path main pipeline is a pipeline that transports the electrolyte in the electrolyte storage tank to the battery stack device, and the second liquid path main pipeline is a pipeline that transports the electrolyte in the battery stack device to the electrolyte storage tank.
And a second determining unit 53, connected to the first determining unit 51, for determining a target flow rate of the electrolyte delivered from the electrolyte tank to the cell stack device in case that the state of charge value of the electrolyte in the cell stack device is within a first preset range.
And the regulating and controlling unit 55 is connected with the second determining unit 53 and the flow battery energy storage device, and is used for regulating and controlling the flow battery energy storage device to a target state according to the target electrolyte flow.
It should be noted that: the system is suitable for the flow battery energy storage device, the flow battery energy storage device comprises an electrolyte storage tank and a battery stack device, the battery stack device is formed by connecting a plurality of liquid path pipelines in parallel, and each liquid path pipeline is connected with electrolyte of a plurality of battery stacks in series.
Further, in the system for regulating and controlling an electrolyte provided in the embodiment of the present application, the second determining unit 53 includes: a first data processor for determining the total number of cell stacks included in the cell stack arrangement; the second data processor is connected with the first determining unit 51 and used for determining the charge state change value of the electrolyte of the cell stack device in a single circulation according to the charge state value; the third data processor is connected with the first data processor and the second data processor and used for determining the flow of the first target electrolyte according to the change value of the state of charge, the value of the state of charge and the total number of the cell stacks; the regulation unit 55 includes: the first regulating and controlling device is connected with the third data processor and the flow battery energy storage device and is used for regulating and controlling the flow of the electrolyte delivered to the battery pile device by the electrolyte storage tank according to the first target electrolyte flow; and the second regulating device is connected with the first regulating device and the flow battery energy storage device and is used for controlling the flow battery energy storage device to charge when the flow of the electrolyte delivered to the battery stack device from the electrolyte storage tank is the first target electrolyte flow.
Further, in the system for regulating and controlling an electrolyte provided in the embodiment of the present application, the second determining unit 53 includes: the fourth data processor is used for respectively determining the total number of the cell stacks contained in the cell stack device and the number of the cell stacks connected in series with each liquid pipeline; a fifth data processor, connected to the first determining unit 51, for determining a stoichiometric ratio of the electrolyte in the cell stack device according to the state of charge value, wherein the stoichiometric ratio is a ratio of a total amount of dischargeable ions in the electrolyte in the cell stack device per unit time to an amount of ions that have undergone oxidation reaction for discharge; the sixth data processor is connected with the fourth data processor and the fifth data processor and used for determining a second target electrolyte flow according to the stoichiometric ratio and the state of charge value of the electrolyte, the total number of cell stacks contained in the cell stack device and the number of cell stacks connected in series with each liquid pipeline; the regulation unit 55 includes: the third regulating and controlling device is connected with the sixth data processor and the flow battery energy storage device and is used for regulating and controlling the flow of the electrolyte conveyed to the battery pile device by the electrolyte storage tank according to the second target electrolyte flow; and the fourth regulating device is connected with the third regulating device and the flow battery energy storage device and is used for controlling the flow battery energy storage device to discharge under the condition that the flow of the electrolyte delivered to the battery stack device by the electrolyte storage tank is the second target electrolyte flow.
Further, in the regulation and control system of electrolyte that this application embodiment provided, the first processor includes: the monitoring device is connected with a first liquid path main pipeline and a second liquid path main pipeline of the flow battery energy storage device and used for determining an open-circuit voltage value of the battery stack device, wherein the first liquid path main pipeline is a pipeline for conveying electrolyte in the electrolyte storage tank to the battery stack device, and the second liquid path main pipeline is a pipeline for conveying the electrolyte in the battery stack device to the electrolyte storage tank; and the seventh data processor is connected with the monitoring device and used for determining the state of charge value of the electrolyte in the cell stack device according to the open-circuit voltage value.
Further, in the electrolyte regulating system provided in the embodiment of the present application, an upper limit of the first preset range is 70% to 90%, and a lower limit of the first preset range is 10% to 30%.
Further, in the control system of the electrolyte provided in the embodiment of the present application, the value range of the state of charge variation value is 10% to 20%.
Further, in the regulation and control system of the electrolyte provided in the embodiment of the present application, a value range of a stoichiometric ratio of the electrolyte is 1.8 to 8.0.
Further, in the system for regulating and controlling an electrolyte provided in the embodiment of the present application, a relationship between an open-circuit voltage value and a state of charge value of the electrolyte in the cell stack device is as follows:
OCV＝1.2046+0.88×SOC-1.399×SOC2+0.919×SOC3the open circuit voltage value is represented by OCV, and the state of charge value is represented by SOC.
The electrolyte regulation and control system provided by the embodiment of the application is connected with a first liquid path main pipeline and a second liquid path main pipeline of a flow battery energy storage device through a first determination unit 51, and is used for determining the state of charge value of electrolyte in a battery stack device, wherein the first liquid path main pipeline is a pipeline for conveying the electrolyte in an electrolyte storage tank to the battery stack device, and the second liquid path main pipeline is a pipeline for conveying the electrolyte in the battery stack device to the electrolyte storage tank; the second determination unit 53 is connected to the first determination unit 51, and is configured to determine a target flow rate of the electrolyte delivered from the electrolyte storage tank to the cell stack device in a case where a state of charge value of the electrolyte in the cell stack device is within a first preset range; the regulating unit 55 is connected with the second determining unit 53 and the flow battery energy storage device, and is used for regulating the flow battery energy storage device to a target state according to a target electrolyte flow rate, so that the problem that in the related art, the flow of a plurality of battery stacks in liquid paths is connected in series on a flow pipeline connected in parallel with each other, the flow of the battery stacks in liquid paths cannot be effectively controlled, and stable charging and discharging of a system are realized is solved, and further the purpose that the flow of the battery stacks in liquid paths is connected in series on the flow pipeline connected in parallel with each other is achieved, the flow of the battery stacks in liquid paths is effectively controlled, and the effect of stable charging and discharging of.
The embodiment of the application also provides a flow battery energy storage system, and it should be noted that the flow battery energy storage system of the embodiment of the application can be used for executing the method for regulating and controlling the electrolyte provided by the embodiment of the application. The flow battery energy storage system of the embodiment of the application further comprises any electrolyte regulation and control system provided by the embodiment of the application.
The above-mentioned serial numbers of the embodiments of the present invention are merely for description and do not represent the merits of the embodiments.
In the above embodiments of the present invention, the descriptions of the respective embodiments have respective emphasis, and for parts that are not described in detail in a certain embodiment, reference may be made to related descriptions of other embodiments.
In the embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed technology can be implemented in other ways. The above-described embodiments of the apparatus are merely illustrative, and for example, the division of the units may be a logical division, and in actual implementation, there may be another division, for example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be omitted, or not executed. In addition, the shown or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection may be an indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, units or modules, and may be in an electrical or other form.
The units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on a plurality of units. Some or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the embodiment.
In addition, functional units in the embodiments of the present invention may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units are integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be realized in a form of hardware, and can also be realized in a form of a software functional unit.
The integrated unit, if implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as a stand-alone product, may be stored in a computer readable storage medium. Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the present invention may be embodied in the form of a software product, which is stored in a storage medium and includes instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device) to execute all or part of the steps of the method according to the embodiments of the present invention. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: a U-disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a removable hard disk, a magnetic or optical disk, and other various media capable of storing program codes.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (16)
1. The method for regulating and controlling the electrolyte is suitable for a flow battery energy storage device, the flow battery energy storage device comprises an electrolyte storage tank and a battery stack device, the battery stack device is formed by connecting a plurality of liquid path pipelines in parallel, each liquid path pipeline is connected in series and communicated with the electrolyte of a plurality of battery stacks, and the method comprises the following steps:
determining a state of charge value of an electrolyte in the cell stack device;
determining a target electrolyte flow rate delivered by the electrolyte storage tank to the cell stack device under the condition that the state of charge value of the electrolyte in the cell stack device is within a first preset range;
and regulating the energy storage device of the flow battery to a target state according to the target electrolyte flow.
2. The method of claim 1,
determining a target electrolyte flow rate delivered by the electrolyte reservoir to the cell stack arrangement comprises: determining a total number of cell stacks included in the cell stack arrangement; determining the state of charge change value of the single-cycle electrolyte of the cell stack device according to the state of charge value; determining a first target electrolyte flow according to the state of charge change value, the state of charge value and the total number of the cell stacks;
according to the target electrolyte flow, regulating the flow battery energy storage device to a target state comprises the following steps: regulating and controlling the flow of the electrolyte delivered to the cell stack device by the electrolyte storage tank according to the first target electrolyte flow; and when the flow rate of the electrolyte delivered to the cell stack device by the electrolyte storage tank is the first target electrolyte flow rate, controlling the flow battery energy storage device to charge.
3. The method of claim 1,
determining a target electrolyte flow rate delivered by the electrolyte reservoir to the cell stack arrangement comprises: respectively determining the total number of the cell stacks contained in the cell stack device and the number of the cell stacks connected in series with each liquid pipeline; determining the stoichiometric ratio of the electrolyte in the cell stack device according to the state of charge value, wherein the stoichiometric ratio is the ratio of the total amount of dischargeable ions in the electrolyte in the cell stack device per unit time to the amount of ions which have undergone oxidation reaction for discharging; determining a second target electrolyte flow according to the stoichiometric ratio of the electrolyte, the state of charge value, the total number of cell stacks contained in the cell stack device and the number of cell stacks connected in series with each liquid pipeline;
according to the target electrolyte flow, regulating the flow battery energy storage device to a target state comprises the following steps: regulating and controlling the flow of the electrolyte delivered to the cell stack device by the electrolyte storage tank according to the second target electrolyte flow; and when the flow rate of the electrolyte delivered to the cell stack device by the electrolyte storage tank is a second target electrolyte flow rate, controlling the flow battery energy storage device to discharge.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein determining the state of charge value of the electrolyte in the cell stack device comprises:
determining an open circuit voltage value of the cell stack device;
and determining the state of charge value of the electrolyte in the cell stack device according to the open-circuit voltage value.
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the upper limit of the first predetermined range is 70% to 90% and the lower limit of the first predetermined range is 10% to 30%.
6. The method of claim 2, wherein the state of charge variation value ranges from 10% to 20%.
7. The method of claim 3, wherein the electrolyte has a stoichiometric ratio in the range of 1.8 to 8.0.
8. The utility model provides a regulation and control system of electrolyte, its characterized in that is furnished with and is applicable to redox flow battery energy memory, redox flow battery energy memory includes electrolyte storage tank and battery pile device, the battery pile device comprises many liquid way pipelines parallelly connected, every the electrolyte of a plurality of battery piles of liquid way pipeline series connection intercommunication, the system includes:
the first determining unit is connected with a first liquid path main pipeline and a second liquid path main pipeline of the flow battery energy storage device and used for determining the state of charge value of electrolyte in the battery stack device, wherein the first liquid path main pipeline is a pipeline for conveying the electrolyte in the electrolyte storage tank to the battery stack device, and the second liquid path main pipeline is a pipeline for conveying the electrolyte in the battery stack device to the electrolyte storage tank;
the second determination unit is connected with the first determination unit and used for determining the target electrolyte flow rate of the electrolyte storage tank conveyed to the cell stack device under the condition that the state of charge value of the electrolyte in the cell stack device is within a first preset range;
and the regulating and controlling unit is connected with the second determining unit and the flow battery energy storage device and is used for regulating and controlling the flow battery energy storage device to a target state according to the target electrolyte flow.
9. The system of claim 8,
the second determination unit includes:
a first data processor for determining the total number of cell stacks comprised in said cell stack arrangement;
the second data processor is connected with the first determining unit and used for determining the state of charge change value of the electrolyte of the cell stack device in a single circulation according to the state of charge value;
the third data processor is connected with the first data processor and the second data processor and used for determining the flow of the first target electrolyte according to the state of charge change value, the state of charge value and the total number of the cell stacks;
the regulatory unit comprises:
the first regulating and controlling device is connected with the third data processor and the flow battery energy storage device and is used for regulating and controlling the flow of the electrolyte conveyed to the cell stack device by the electrolyte storage tank according to the first target electrolyte flow;
and the second regulating device is connected with the first regulating device and the flow battery energy storage device and is used for controlling the flow battery energy storage device to charge when the flow of the electrolyte delivered to the battery pile device by the electrolyte storage tank is the first target electrolyte flow.
10. The system of claim 8,
the second determination unit includes:
the fourth data processor is used for respectively determining the total number of the cell stacks contained in the cell stack device and the number of the cell stacks connected in series with each liquid pipeline;
the fifth data processor is connected with the first determining unit and used for determining the stoichiometric ratio of the electrolyte in the cell stack device according to the state of charge value, wherein the stoichiometric ratio is the ratio of the total amount of dischargeable ions in the electrolyte in the cell stack device in unit time to the amount of ions which have undergone oxidation reaction and are discharged;
the sixth data processor is connected with the fourth data processor and the fifth data processor and used for determining a second target electrolyte flow according to the stoichiometric ratio of the electrolyte, the state of charge value, the total number of cell stacks contained in the cell stack device and the number of cell stacks connected in series with each liquid path pipeline;
the regulatory unit comprises:
the third regulating and controlling device is connected with the sixth data processor and the flow battery energy storage device and is used for regulating and controlling the flow of the electrolyte conveyed to the cell stack device by the electrolyte storage tank according to the second target electrolyte flow;
and the fourth regulating device is connected with the third regulating device and the flow battery energy storage device and is used for controlling the flow battery energy storage device to discharge when the flow of the electrolyte conveyed to the battery pile device by the electrolyte storage tank is the second target electrolyte flow.
11. The system of claim 8, wherein the first processor comprises:
the monitoring device is connected with a first liquid path main pipeline and a second liquid path main pipeline of the flow battery energy storage device and used for determining an open-circuit voltage value of the battery stack device, wherein the first liquid path main pipeline is a pipeline for conveying the electrolyte in the electrolyte storage tank to the battery stack device, and the second liquid path main pipeline is a pipeline for conveying the electrolyte in the battery stack device to the electrolyte storage tank;
and the seventh data processor is connected with the monitoring device and used for determining the state of charge value of the electrolyte in the cell stack device according to the open-circuit voltage value.
12. The system of claim 8, wherein the upper limit of the first predetermined range is 70% to 90% and the lower limit of the first predetermined range is 10% to 30%.
13. The system of claim 9, wherein the state of charge variation value ranges from 10% to 20%.
14. The system of claim 10, wherein the electrolyte has a stoichiometric ratio in the range of 1.8 to 8.0.
15. The system of claim 11, wherein the open circuit voltage value is related to a state of charge value of an electrolyte in the cell stack device by:
OCV＝1.2046+0.88×SOC-1.399×SOC2+0.919×SOC3wherein the open circuit voltage value is represented as OCV and the state of charge value is represented as SOC.
16. A flow battery energy storage system, comprising an electrolyte regulation system, wherein the electrolyte regulation system is the electrolyte regulation system of any one of claims 8 to 15.
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| CN101047254A (en) * | 2006-03-27 | 2007-10-03 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | High power oxidation, reduction liquid energy-storage pile modular structure and its group mode |
| US20140272485A1 (en) * | 2013-03-15 | 2014-09-18 | Enervault Corporation | Flow Batteries with Modular Arrangements of Cells |
| CN106030883A (en) * | 2014-02-17 | 2016-10-12 | 住友电气工业株式会社 | Redox flow battery system and method for operating redox flow battery |
| CN105742668A (en) * | 2014-12-09 | 2016-07-06 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | Electrolyte flow optimization control method of all-vanadium redox flow battery system |
| CN105425164A (en) * | 2015-12-25 | 2016-03-23 | 华北电力科学研究院有限责任公司 | All-vanadium redox flow battery state-of-charge online monitoring method and system |
| CN206673034U (en) * | 2017-03-10 | 2017-11-24 | 江苏朗阁德瑞储能科技有限公司 | A kind of all-vanadium liquid flow energy storage power station liquid flowing line and storage system |
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