CN110608432A - Household garbage incineration waste heat boiler steam reheating system adopting main steam for heating - Google Patents
Household garbage incineration waste heat boiler steam reheating system adopting main steam for heating Download PDFInfo
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- CN110608432A CN110608432A CN201910254202.1A CN201910254202A CN110608432A CN 110608432 A CN110608432 A CN 110608432A CN 201910254202 A CN201910254202 A CN 201910254202A CN 110608432 A CN110608432 A CN 110608432A
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- steam
- enters
- pressure cylinder
- main
- waste heat
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- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000003303 reheating Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims description 14
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001119 inconels 625 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004056 waste incineration Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010791 domestic waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 206010022000 influenza Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D15/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of engines with devices driven thereby
- F01D15/10—Adaptations for driving, or combinations with, electric generators
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22D—PREHEATING, OR ACCUMULATING PREHEATED, FEED-WATER FOR STEAM GENERATION; FEED-WATER SUPPLY FOR STEAM GENERATION; CONTROLLING WATER LEVEL FOR STEAM GENERATION; AUXILIARY DEVICES FOR PROMOTING WATER CIRCULATION WITHIN STEAM BOILERS
- F22D1/00—Feed-water heaters, i.e. economisers or like preheaters
- F22D1/50—Feed-water heaters, i.e. economisers or like preheaters incorporating thermal de-aeration of feed-water
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22G—SUPERHEATING OF STEAM
- F22G3/00—Steam superheaters characterised by constructional features; Details of component parts thereof
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G7/00—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/12—Heat utilisation in combustion or incineration of waste
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a steam reheating system for improving energy utilization efficiency by improving steam parameters of a garbage incinerator, which comprises main components of a waste heat boiler, a superheater, a steam reheater, a steam-water separator, a high-pressure cylinder and a low-pressure cylinder of a steam turbine, a condenser, a deaerator, a feed pump and the like. The main steam of the boiler enters a high-pressure cylinder of the steam turbine and a steam reheater in two paths respectively. The main steam enters a steam-water separator after acting in a high-pressure cylinder of the steam turbine, the separated water enters a deaerator, the steam enters a steam reheater and exchanges heat with the other path of main steam, and the reheated superheated steam is introduced into a low-pressure cylinder of the steam turbine to act. The system not only improves the energy utilization efficiency of the waste incinerator, but also avoids the corrosion of a steam reheating pipeline, and improves the equipment stability and the economic benefit of the waste incineration plant.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a high-steam-parameter household garbage incineration power generation system, which is a system that steam discharged from a high-pressure cylinder of a steam turbine is subjected to steam-water separation, then is heated by main steam in a steam reheater and then enters a low-pressure cylinder of the steam turbine to do work, so that the energy utilization efficiency of a garbage incinerator is improved, and meanwhile, the harm of high-temperature corrosion of the high-steam-parameter garbage incinerator is reduced.
Background
The incineration of the domestic garbage can make the urban domestic garbage harmless, quantitative-reduction and resource-utilization, and is an optimal scheme for solving the problem of the city surrounded by the garbage, so that the domestic garbage incineration is widely adopted. In China, domestic waste treatment subsidies and electricity sales are important income sources of waste incineration plants, and with the increasing degree of marketization of the industry, the waste treatment subsidies from governments are less and less, and the waste incineration plants are more and more dependent on the income of electricity sales, so that the improvement of the power generation efficiency is the primary task of a plurality of waste incineration plants.
The household garbage incinerator usually adopts main steam with the parameters of 400 ℃ and 4MPa to generate electricity, but the steam parameters limit the energy utilization efficiency of the garbage incinerator. The power generation efficiency of the garbage incinerator adopting the parameters is generally 23%. In order to improve the power generation efficiency of the waste incinerator, in recent years, more and more waste incinerators increase the steam parameters to 450-485 ℃ and increase the steam pressure to improve the power generation efficiency by increasing the heat exchange ratio of the superheater in the boiler. However, due to the limitations of objective conditions such as high-temperature corrosion of the boiler, the requirement of dryness of the end blade of the steam turbine and the like, if the traditional mode is continuously adopted, the steam parameters cannot be further improved, so that the mode of reheating the steam can be adopted, and the overall thermal efficiency of the incineration plant can be improved under the condition of not increasing the steam temperature.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to further improve the power generation efficiency of the waste incinerator, the invention comprehensively adopts the modes of high-pressure and low-pressure cylinders of the steam turbine, steam-water separation of reheated steam, intermediate reheating of steam outside the incinerator, heating of main steam and the like, improves the energy utilization efficiency of the waste incineration rate, and reduces the high-temperature corrosion of the boiler and the dryness limit of the last-stage blade of the steam turbine.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: a steam reheating system of a household garbage incineration waste heat boiler adopting main steam for heating is characterized in that the main steam of the boiler enters a steam turbine high-pressure cylinder and a steam reheater in two paths respectively. The main steam enters a steam-water separator after acting in a high-pressure cylinder of the steam turbine, the separated saturated water enters a deaerator, the saturated steam enters a steam reheater to exchange heat with the other path of main steam, and the reheated superheated steam enters a low-pressure cylinder of the steam turbine to act.
Further, in the exhaust-heat boiler 1, heat generated by waste incineration is absorbed by water through a heat exchanger; the saturated steam from the steam drum 2 absorbs more energy in the superheater 12 and becomes the main steam of the system with high temperature and high pressure; the main steam from the superheater 12 enters a steam turbine high-pressure cylinder 5 and a steam reheater 4 in two paths respectively; the main steam enters a steam-water separator 10 after acting in a steam turbine high-pressure cylinder 5; the steam-water separator 10 separates saturated water from saturated steam, wherein the saturated steam enters the steam reheater 4 to exchange heat with main steam from the superheater 2, and enters the steam turbine low-pressure cylinder 6 to expand to work and generate power after being heated to superheated steam; saturated water obtained by the separation of the steam-water separator 10 enters a deaerator 9; the exhaust steam of the turbine low pressure cylinder 6 enters a condenser 8 for condensation; the saturated water obtained by the condenser 8 then enters the steam drum 2 through the deaerator 9, the water feed pump 11, the economizer 3 and the like, and the next steam-water circulation process is started.
The invention has the advantages that the steam reheating technology is used, so that the energy utilization efficiency of the garbage incinerator is improved; the reheater tube bundle with poor heat exchange effect is prevented from being placed in the flue of the waste heat boiler with high-temperature corrosion hazard, the pipeline corrosion of a steam reheating system is reduced, and the equipment stability and the economic benefit of a waste incineration plant are increased; the waste heat boiler only provides main steam for the steam turbine generator units (each steam turbine generator unit comprises a set of steam-water separator and a set of steam reheater) through steam pipelines, so that the reheating system can be used for a main pipe system and a multi-steam-turbine (2 or more) incineration power generation system.
Drawings
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a steam reheating system of a household garbage incineration waste heat boiler adopting main steam for heating.
In the figure, 1, a waste heat boiler, 2, a steam drum, 3, a coal economizer, 4, a steam reheater, 5, a high pressure cylinder of a turbine, 6, a low pressure cylinder of the turbine, 7, a generator, 8, a condenser, 9, a deaerator, 10, a steam-water separator and 11 are feed water pumps.
Detailed Description
The present invention relates to a steam intermediate reheating system for improving energy utilization efficiency by improving steam parameters of a garbage incinerator, and the present embodiment is implemented on the premise of the technical solution of the present invention, and provides detailed embodiments and specific operation procedures, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.
The system comprises main equipment such as a waste heat boiler 1, a steam drum 2, an economizer 3, a steam reheater 4, a steam turbine high pressure cylinder 5, a steam turbine low pressure cylinder 6, a generator 7, a condenser 8, a deaerator 9, a steam-water separator 10, a water feed pump 11 and the like.
(1) In the waste heat boiler 1, heat generated by waste incineration is absorbed by water through a heat exchanger;
(2) the saturated steam from the steam drum 2 absorbs more energy in the superheater 12 and becomes the main steam of the system with high temperature and high pressure;
(3) the main steam from the superheater 12 enters a steam turbine high-pressure cylinder 5 and a steam reheater 4 in two paths respectively;
(4) the main steam enters a steam-water separator 10 after acting in a steam turbine high-pressure cylinder 5;
(5) the steam-water separator 10 separates saturated water from saturated steam, wherein the saturated steam enters the steam reheater 4 to exchange heat with main steam from the superheater 2, and enters the steam turbine low-pressure cylinder 6 to expand to work and generate power after being heated to superheated steam;
(6) saturated water obtained by the separation of the steam-water separator 10 enters a deaerator 9;
(7) the exhaust steam of the turbine low pressure cylinder 6 enters a condenser 8 for condensation;
(8) the saturated water obtained by the condenser 8 then enters the steam drum 2 through the deaerator 9, the water feed pump 11, the economizer 3 and the like, and the next steam-water circulation process is started.
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples.
Example 1
The Inconel625 surfacing protection is used for the water-cooled wall surface above the refractory pouring material in the flue of the waste heat boiler 1 and the water-cooled wall surface of the two flues. The temperature and the pressure of main steam from the superheater 12 are 485 ℃ and 13MPa respectively, and the temperature and the pressure are reduced to 195 ℃ and 1.4MPa respectively after the main steam enters the high-pressure cylinder 5 of the steam turbine for acting; in the steam reheater 4, 485 ℃ and 13MPa main steam from the superheater 12 decomposes and raises the temperature and pressure of 195 ℃ and 1.4MPa steam returned from the high-pressure cylinder 5 to 320 ℃ and 1.4MPa to form superheated steam, the superheated steam (320 ℃ and 1.4MPa) enters the low-pressure turbine cylinder 6 to do work, the exhaust steam of the low-pressure turbine cylinder 6 in the condenser 8 is cooled to supersaturated water of 25 ℃ and 0.003MPa, and the supersaturated water enters the next steam-water circulation process through the deaerator 9, the economizer 3 and the steam drum 2.
Claims (9)
1. A steam reheating system of a household garbage incineration waste heat boiler heated by main steam is characterized in that the main steam of the boiler enters a steam turbine high-pressure cylinder and a steam reheater respectively in two paths; the steam enters a steam-water separator after acting in a high-pressure cylinder of the steam turbine, the separated saturated water enters a deaerator, the saturated steam enters a steam reheater to exchange heat with the other path of main steam, and the reheated superheated steam enters a low-pressure cylinder of the steam turbine to act; the heat source of the steam reheater is the boiler main steam from the superheater.
2. The steam reheating system of the household garbage incineration waste heat boiler adopting main steam for heating as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that in the waste heat boiler (1), heat generated by garbage incineration is absorbed by water through a heat exchanger; saturated steam from the steam drum (2) absorbs more energy in the superheater (12) and becomes system main steam with high temperature and high pressure; main steam from the superheater (12) enters a high-pressure steam turbine cylinder (5) and a steam reheater (4) in two paths respectively; the main steam enters a steam-water separator (10) after acting in a steam turbine high-pressure cylinder (5); the steam-water separator (10) separates saturated water from saturated steam, wherein the saturated steam enters the steam reheater (4) to exchange heat with main steam from the superheater (2), and after the steam is heated to superheated steam, the steam enters the low-pressure cylinder (6) of the steam turbine to expand to work and generate power; saturated water obtained by the separation of the steam-water separator (10) enters a deaerator (9); the exhaust steam of the low-pressure cylinder (6) of the steam turbine enters a condenser (8) for condensation; saturated water obtained by the condenser (8) then enters the steam drum (2) through the deaerator (9), the water feed pump (11) and the economizer (3) to start the next steam-water circulation process.
3. The steam reheating system of the household garbage incineration waste heat boiler adopting main steam for heating as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that the steam reheater (4) is a shell-and-tube heater, the tube side of the main steam heat exchanger (4) from the superheater (12) is used as a heating medium, and the return steam from the outlet of the steam turbine high-pressure cylinder (5) is heated.
4. The steam reheating system of the household garbage incineration waste heat boiler adopting main steam for heating as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that a steam-water separator (10) is adopted to separate the two-phase components of steam and water discharged from the high-pressure cylinder (5) of the steam turbine.
5. The steam reheating system of the household garbage incineration waste heat boiler adopting main steam for heating as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that a high-pressure cylinder (5) and a low-pressure cylinder (6) of a steam turbine are adopted, and exhaust steam of the high-pressure cylinder (5) is heated to be used as inlet steam of the low-pressure cylinder (6).
6. The steam reheating system of a household garbage incineration waste heat boiler adopting main steam for heating as claimed in claim 2, wherein the pressure of reheat steam from the steam reheater is not lower than 1.4MPa, and the temperature is not lower than 320 ℃.
7. The steam reheating system of the household garbage incineration waste heat boiler adopting main steam for heating is characterized in that the Inconel625 overlaying welding protection is adopted for the upper portion of the first flue and the second flue of the waste heat boiler (1).
8. The steam reheating system of a household garbage incineration waste heat boiler adopting main steam for heating as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that the main steam pressure from the waste heat boiler (1) is not lower than 13MPa, and the temperature is not lower than 440 ℃.
9. The steam reheating system of the household garbage incineration waste heat boiler adopting the main steam for heating as claimed in claim 2, wherein at least 2 waste heat boilers are arranged in the system, the main steam is connected in parallel through a main pipe, and at least 2 steam turbine power generation systems are arranged in the system at the same time.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910254202.1A CN110608432A (en) | 2019-03-30 | 2019-03-30 | Household garbage incineration waste heat boiler steam reheating system adopting main steam for heating |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910254202.1A CN110608432A (en) | 2019-03-30 | 2019-03-30 | Household garbage incineration waste heat boiler steam reheating system adopting main steam for heating |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN110608432A true CN110608432A (en) | 2019-12-24 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201910254202.1A Pending CN110608432A (en) | 2019-03-30 | 2019-03-30 | Household garbage incineration waste heat boiler steam reheating system adopting main steam for heating |
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| CN (1) | CN110608432A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111485962A (en) * | 2020-02-25 | 2020-08-04 | 广东粤电靖海发电有限公司 | Steam turbine thermodynamic system and method for improving efficiency thereof |
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| CN210197273U (en) * | 2019-03-30 | 2020-03-27 | 上海康恒环境修复有限公司 | Household garbage incineration waste heat boiler steam reheating system adopting main steam for heating |
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2019
- 2019-03-30 CN CN201910254202.1A patent/CN110608432A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (7)
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| CN204960997U (en) * | 2015-09-17 | 2016-01-13 | 东方电气集团东方汽轮机有限公司 | Waste heat turbo generator set |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111485962A (en) * | 2020-02-25 | 2020-08-04 | 广东粤电靖海发电有限公司 | Steam turbine thermodynamic system and method for improving efficiency thereof |
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