CN110608244A - Drum brake and vehicle - Google Patents

Drum brake and vehicle Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110608244A
CN110608244A CN201810635105.2A CN201810635105A CN110608244A CN 110608244 A CN110608244 A CN 110608244A CN 201810635105 A CN201810635105 A CN 201810635105A CN 110608244 A CN110608244 A CN 110608244A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
brake
drum
shoes
friction lining
backing plate
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
CN201810635105.2A
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Chinese (zh)
Other versions
CN110608244B (en
Inventor
刘同锁
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Beiqi Foton Motor Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Beiqi Foton Motor Co Ltd
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Beiqi Foton Motor Co Ltd filed Critical Beiqi Foton Motor Co Ltd
Priority to CN201810635105.2A priority Critical patent/CN110608244B/en
Publication of CN110608244A publication Critical patent/CN110608244A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN110608244B publication Critical patent/CN110608244B/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60TVEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T1/00Arrangements of braking elements, i.e. of those parts where braking effect occurs specially for vehicles
    • B60T1/02Arrangements of braking elements, i.e. of those parts where braking effect occurs specially for vehicles acting by retarding wheels
    • B60T1/06Arrangements of braking elements, i.e. of those parts where braking effect occurs specially for vehicles acting by retarding wheels acting otherwise than on tread, e.g. employing rim, drum, disc, or transmission or on double wheels
    • B60T1/067Arrangements of braking elements, i.e. of those parts where braking effect occurs specially for vehicles acting by retarding wheels acting otherwise than on tread, e.g. employing rim, drum, disc, or transmission or on double wheels employing drum
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16DCOUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D51/00Brakes with outwardly-movable braking members co-operating with the inner surface of a drum or the like
    • F16D51/16Brakes with outwardly-movable braking members co-operating with the inner surface of a drum or the like shaped as brake-shoes pivoted on a fixed or nearly-fixed axis
    • F16D51/18Brakes with outwardly-movable braking members co-operating with the inner surface of a drum or the like shaped as brake-shoes pivoted on a fixed or nearly-fixed axis with two brake-shoes
    • F16D51/20Brakes with outwardly-movable braking members co-operating with the inner surface of a drum or the like shaped as brake-shoes pivoted on a fixed or nearly-fixed axis with two brake-shoes extending in opposite directions from their pivots
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16DCOUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D65/00Parts or details
    • F16D65/38Slack adjusters
    • F16D65/40Slack adjusters mechanical
    • F16D65/52Slack adjusters mechanical self-acting in one direction for adjusting excessive play

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Braking Arrangements (AREA)

Abstract

The utility model relates to a drum brake and vehicle, drum brake includes brake drum (1), backing plate (2), two brake shoes (3), actuator (4), locking piece (5), first end (31) of brake shoe (3) articulate on backing plate (2), actuator (4) set up two between second end (32) of brake shoe (3), first end (31) of brake shoe (3) are formed with one-way tooth (33), locking piece (5) are installed on backing plate (2) and are inserted in one-way tooth (33), so that locking piece (5) with brake shoe (3) constitute ratchet pawl mechanism. The drum brake has the advantages of fewer parts, simple structure, convenience in mounting and dismounting the friction lining and convenience in maintenance.

Description

Drum brake and vehicle
Technical Field
The present disclosure relates to the field of vehicles, and in particular, to a drum brake and a vehicle.
Background
The friction lining of the drum brake is continuously worn in the using process, so that the clearance between the friction lining and the brake drum is continuously enlarged, the lag time of the operation of a brake mechanism is increased, and the driving safety of a vehicle is influenced. In order to keep the clearance between the friction lining and the brake drum within a proper range, clearance adjusting mechanisms which are automatically adjusted, such as a pawl bolt mechanism or a worm gear mechanism, are designed, the clearance adjusting mechanisms are relatively complex in structure, more in assembly and complex in matching relation, and the cost and the maintenance difficulty of the brake are increased.
When the friction linings wear out to the point that they need to be replaced, they often need to be removed together with the entire slack adjustment mechanism. Due to the limited operation space, more clearance adjusting mechanism components, complex matching relation, difficult disassembly and assembly, time and labor waste and inconvenience for replacing the friction lining.
Disclosure of Invention
The drum brake has the advantages of fewer parts, simple structure, convenience in detaching and installing friction linings and convenience in maintenance.
In order to achieve the above object, an aspect of the present disclosure provides a drum brake including a brake drum, a backing plate, two brake shoes, first ends of which are hinged to the backing plate, an actuating device disposed between second ends of the two brake shoes, first ends of the brake shoes being formed with one-way teeth, and a locking member mounted on the backing plate and inserted into the one-way teeth such that the locking member and the brake shoes constitute a ratchet-pawl mechanism.
Optionally, the locking member is an elastic pick.
Optionally, two ends of the elastic shifting piece are respectively inserted into the unidirectional teeth of the two brake shoes, so that the elastic shifting piece and the two brake shoes form two groups of ratchet-pawl mechanisms at the same time.
Alternatively, an outer edge of the first end of the brake shoe is formed in a circular arc centered on a hinge point of the brake shoe, and the one-way teeth are formed on the outer edge of the first end.
Optionally, a clamping seat and a pressing block are fixed on the braking bottom plate, and the elastic shifting piece is clamped between the clamping seat and the pressing block.
Optionally, the clamping seat is formed in a shape like a Chinese character 'ao', the pressing block is located in the groove of the clamping seat, and two ends of the elastic shifting piece extend out of two sides of the clamping seat.
Optionally, the drum brake further comprises a return spring connected between the two brake shoes.
Optionally, the drum brake further comprises a friction lining disposed on a side of the brake shoe facing the brake drum.
Optionally, the actuating device is a brake cylinder.
Another aspect of the present disclosure provides a vehicle including a drum brake as described above, the drum brake having a backing plate secured to the axle housing and a drum secured to the axle half shaft.
Through the technical scheme, when the gap between the friction lining and the brake drum is too large, and when a vehicle brakes, the actuating device enables the brake shoe to rotate around the hinged point, so that the one-way teeth also rotate along with the one-way teeth to drive the locking piece to deform along with the one-way teeth, and after the locking piece rotates for a certain distance, the locking piece is locked with the one-way teeth under the action of the elastic force of the locking piece, so that the brake shoe is close to the brake drum, and the gap between the friction lining and the brake drum can be reduced to be within a proper range.
The drum brake can realize the clearance adjustment between the friction lining and the brake drum only by matching the one-way teeth on the brake shoe with the locking piece, does not need a complex clearance adjustment structure, and has fewer parts and simple structure. In addition, the locking piece only needs to be inserted into the corresponding teeth of the one-way teeth, manual adjustment is not needed, and the installation and the disassembly are very convenient, so that the friction lining is also very convenient to install and disassemble, a gap adjusting mechanism with complex disassembly and assembly is not needed, and the maintenance is convenient.
Additional features and advantages of the disclosure will be set forth in the detailed description which follows.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the disclosure and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the disclosure and together with the description serve to explain the disclosure without limiting the disclosure. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a drum brake of an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged fragmentary view of FIG. 2 showing the path of movement of the one-way teeth and the locking member during braking.
Description of the reference numerals
1 brake drum 2 brake bottom plate
3 first end of brake shoe 31
32 second end 33 one-way teeth
34 hinge point 4 actuating device
5 locking piece 6 clamping seat
61 groove 7 briquetting
8 return spring 9 friction lining
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of specific embodiments of the present disclosure is provided in connection with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating the present disclosure, are given by way of illustration and explanation only, not limitation.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, one aspect of the present disclosure provides a drum brake, which includes a brake drum 1, a brake base plate 2, two brake shoes 3, an actuating device 4, and a locking member 5, wherein a first end 31 of each brake shoe 3 is hinged to the brake base plate 2, the actuating device 4 is disposed between second ends 32 of the two brake shoes 3, the first ends 31 of the brake shoes 3 are formed with one-way teeth 33, and the locking member 5 is mounted on the brake base plate 2 and inserted into the one-way teeth 33, such that the locking member 5 and the brake shoes 3 constitute a ratchet-pawl mechanism. The first end 31 of the brake shoe 3 is used as a ratchet wheel, the locking member 5 is used as a ratchet tooth, and the ratchet wheel and the locking member are matched to form a ratchet-pawl mechanism, so that the locking member 5 can only move downwards relative to the one-way teeth 33, and further, the gap between the friction lining 9 and the brake drum 1 can only be reduced and cannot be increased.
When the clearance between the friction lining 9 and the brake drum 1 is too large, and the vehicle brakes, the actuating device 4 enables the brake shoe 3 to rotate around the hinge point 34, so that the one-way tooth 33 also rotates along with the brake shoe, the locking piece 5 is driven to deform along with the rotation, after the rotation is carried out for a certain distance, the locking piece 5 gets over the next tooth of the one-way tooth 33 under the action of the elastic force of the locking piece 5 and locks with the next tooth again, the brake shoe 3 is enabled to approach the brake drum 1, and therefore the clearance between the friction lining 9 and the brake drum 1 can be reduced to be within a proper range, and automatic adjustment is achieved.
The drum brake can realize the clearance adjustment between the friction lining 9 and the brake drum 1 only by matching the one-way teeth 33 on the brake shoe 3 with the locking piece 5, does not need a complex clearance adjustment structure, and has fewer parts and simple structure. In addition, the locking piece 5 only needs to be inserted into the corresponding teeth of the one-way teeth 33, manual adjustment is not needed, and the installation and the disassembly are very convenient, so that the friction lining 9 is also very convenient to install and disassemble, a gap adjusting mechanism with complex disassembly and assembly is not needed, and the maintenance is convenient.
As an embodiment of the present disclosure, the locking member 5 is optionally an elastic pulling piece, so that the elastic pulling piece can be elastically deformed by itself, and then the elastic pulling piece can be inserted into the next tooth of the one-way tooth 33 and locked, so that the clearance between the friction lining 9 and the brake drum 1 is reduced, and the one-way tooth 33 does not rotate reversely, so that the clearance between the friction lining 9 and the brake drum 1 is maintained at the position.
The elastic shifting pieces can be symmetrically arranged, the two elastic shifting pieces can rotate around a common or different hinge point, optionally, one elastic shifting piece is arranged, two ends of each elastic shifting piece are respectively inserted into the unidirectional teeth 33 of the two brake shoes 3, so that the elastic shifting pieces and the two brake shoes 3 form two ratchet-pawl mechanisms at the same time, the structure is further simplified, the installation of the elastic shifting pieces is simpler, the stress of the elastic shifting pieces is more uniform when the elastic shifting pieces are in contact with the two brake shoes 3, and the elastic shifting pieces are not easy to deviate.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, in order to enable the two ends of the elastic pulling piece to be inserted into each tooth of the one-way tooth 33, optionally, the outer edge of the first end 31 of the brake shoe 3 is formed into a circular arc with the hinge point 34 of the brake shoe 3 as a center, and the one-way tooth 33 is formed on the outer edge of the first end 31, so that the distance between each tooth of the one-way tooth 33 and the end of the elastic pulling piece is kept constant, and the elastic pulling piece can still be inserted into the next tooth of the one-way tooth 33 after automatically adjusting the gap, thereby realizing position locking and preventing reverse rotation.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, in order to conveniently mount the elastic pulling piece, optionally, a clamping seat 6 and a pressing block 7 are fixed on the braking bottom plate 2, and the elastic pulling piece is clamped between the clamping seat 6 and the pressing block 7. During installation, the elastic shifting piece is only required to be inserted into a gap between the clamping seat 6 and the pressing block 7; when the brake shoe is disassembled, the elastic shifting piece is only required to be clamped out from the gap between the clamping seat 6 and the pressing block 7 manually or by tools such as pliers and the like, the operation is simple and convenient, and the friction lining 9 on the brake shoe 3 is convenient to replace.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, as a preferred embodiment of the present disclosure, optionally, the holder 6 is formed in a shape of "concave", the pressing block 7 is located in the groove 61 of the holder 6, both ends of the elastic pulling piece protrude from both sides of the holder 6, and a middle portion of the elastic pulling piece is clamped between the holder 6 and the pressing block 7 and abuts against a wall of the groove 61 of the holder 6. Thus, as shown in fig. 2, the elastic shifting piece swings with the contact point with the pressing block 7 as the center, the swing radius is reduced, and therefore the elastic shifting piece is prevented from being invalid due to plastic deformation, the elastic shifting piece can still keep elasticity under multiple braking actions and form a ratchet-pawl mechanism with the one-way teeth 33, and the ratchet-pawl mechanism is used for automatically adjusting the clearance between the friction lining 9 and the brake drum 1.
As shown in fig. 1, the drum brake optionally further comprises a return spring 8, the return spring 8 being connected between the two brake shoes 3 for returning the brake shoes 3 after the actuating means 4 has applied a braking force to the brake shoes 3.
As shown in fig. 1, the drum brake optionally further includes a friction lining 9, the friction lining 9 is disposed on a side of the brake shoe 3 facing the brake drum 1, and the friction lining 9 rubs against a sidewall of the brake drum 1 to generate a frictional force, thereby achieving vehicle braking.
As shown in fig. 1, the drum brake generally has two types, namely, a wheel cylinder type and a cam type, and as an embodiment of the present disclosure, the present disclosure adopts a wheel cylinder type drum brake, and optionally, the actuating device 4 is a wheel cylinder, so that the operation is convenient and stable.
As a preferred embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown in fig. 1, the drum brake of the present disclosure has a symmetrical structure about a central axis, so that the structure is simple and the installation is convenient.
Referring to fig. 1 and 3, the following describes the gap adjustment separation of the drum brake according to the present disclosure, taking the left brake shoe 3 as an example.
When the vehicle normally runs, the left end of the locking plate 5 (elastic shifting piece) is inserted into one tooth of the one-way tooth 33, when the vehicle brakes, the brake wheel cylinder applies braking force to the second end of the brake shoe 3, the brake shoe 3 rotates anticlockwise by taking the hinge point 34 as a center, and therefore the one-way tooth 33 also rotates anticlockwise to drive the locking plate 5 (elastic shifting piece) to rotate clockwise.
If the clearance between the friction lining 9 and the brake drum 1 is within a predetermined range, the locking piece 5 does not come out of contact with the one-way teeth 33. After braking is finished, the brake wheel cylinder 4 does not apply braking force to the brake shoe 3 any more, the brake shoe 3 rotates clockwise around the hinge point 34 under the action of the return spring 8, the locking piece 5 returns to the initial position under the action of self elastic force, namely, the locking piece 5 is still inserted into the initial tooth, and the gap between the friction lining 9 and the brake drum 1 is still within a preset range.
If the friction lining 9 is worn seriously, the clearance between the friction lining 9 and the brake drum 1 is increased to be out of a preset range, and after the brake shoe 3 rotates for a certain angle, the locking piece 5 is separated from the one-way tooth 33, so that the locking piece restores the original shape under the action of the self elastic force and is inserted into the next tooth, namely, the jumping tooth. After braking is finished, the brake wheel cylinder 4 does not apply braking force to the brake shoe 3 any more, the brake shoe 3 rotates clockwise by taking the hinge point 34 as a center under the action of the return spring 8, and due to the one-way limiting effect of the one-way teeth 33, the locking piece 5 cannot return to the initial position (namely the position of the initially inserted tooth) under the action of self elasticity, so that the locking piece 5 is kept in the next tooth. Therefore, when the one-way teeth 33 rotate counterclockwise around the hinge point 34, the entire brake shoe 3 also rotates counterclockwise, and the friction lining 9 on the brake shoe 3 approaches the brake drum 1, so that the gap between the friction lining 9 and the brake drum 1 is reduced, and the purpose of automatically adjusting the gap is achieved.
Another aspect of the present disclosure provides a vehicle comprising a drum brake as described above, the backing plate 2 of the drum brake being secured to the axle housing and the drum 1 of the drum brake being secured to the axle half shafts.
The preferred embodiments of the present disclosure are described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, however, the present disclosure is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiments, and various simple modifications may be made to the technical solution of the present disclosure within the technical idea of the present disclosure, and these simple modifications all belong to the protection scope of the present disclosure.
It should be noted that, in the foregoing embodiments, various features described in the above embodiments may be combined in any suitable manner, and in order to avoid unnecessary repetition, various combinations that are possible in the present disclosure are not described again.
In addition, any combination of various embodiments of the present disclosure may be made, and the same should be considered as the disclosure of the present disclosure, as long as it does not depart from the spirit of the present disclosure.

Claims (10)

1. A drum brake, characterized by comprising a brake drum (1), a brake backing plate (2), two brake shoes (3), an actuating device (4) and a locking member (5), wherein first ends (31) of the brake shoes (3) are hinged on the brake backing plate (2), the actuating device (4) is arranged between second ends (32) of the two brake shoes (3), the first ends (31) of the brake shoes (3) are formed with one-way teeth (33), and the locking member (5) is installed on the brake backing plate (2) and inserted into the one-way teeth (33) so that the locking member (5) and the brake shoes (3) constitute a ratchet-pawl mechanism.
2. A drum brake according to claim 1, in which the locking member (5) is a resilient paddle.
3. A drum brake according to claim 2, in which the ends of said resilient fingers are inserted into the unidirectional teeth (33) of the two shoes (3) respectively, so that said resilient fingers constitute two sets of ratchet-pawl mechanisms simultaneously with the two shoes (3).
4. A drum brake according to claim 1, in which the outer edge of the first end (31) of the brake shoe (3) is formed as an arc of a circle centred on a hinge point (34) of the brake shoe (3), the one-way teeth (33) being formed on the outer edge of the first end (31).
5. A drum brake according to claim 2 or 3, in which a clamping seat (6) and a pressing block (7) are fixed to the backing plate (2), the resilient lugs being clamped between the clamping seat (6) and the pressing block (7).
6. A drum brake according to claim 5, in which the cassette (6) is formed in a "dished" shape, the compact (7) being located in a recess (61) in the cassette (6), the resilient lugs having ends which project from either side of the cassette (6).
7. A drum brake according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises a return spring (8), said return spring (8) being connected between said two brake shoes (3).
8. A drum brake according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises a friction lining (9), which friction lining (9) is arranged on the side of the brake shoe (3) facing the brake drum (1).
9. A drum brake according to claim 1, in which the actuating means (4) is a wheel cylinder.
10. A vehicle, characterized in that it comprises a drum brake according to any one of claims 1-9, the brake spider (2) of which is fixed to the axle box and the brake drum (1) of which is fixed to the axle half-shafts.
CN201810635105.2A 2018-06-15 2018-06-15 Drum brake and vehicle Active CN110608244B (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201810635105.2A CN110608244B (en) 2018-06-15 2018-06-15 Drum brake and vehicle

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201810635105.2A CN110608244B (en) 2018-06-15 2018-06-15 Drum brake and vehicle

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Publication Number Publication Date
CN110608244A true CN110608244A (en) 2019-12-24
CN110608244B CN110608244B (en) 2020-12-08

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Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3008853A1 (en) * 1979-03-08 1980-09-18 Lucas Industries Ltd ADJUSTMENT DEVICE FOR DRUM BRAKES
JPH08105472A (en) * 1994-10-07 1996-04-23 Hosei Brake Kogyo Kk Drum brake with automatic shoe gap adjusting mechanism
CN2235931Y (en) * 1995-03-07 1996-09-25 张华国 Anti-theft device for braking system of motor cycle
CN2318450Y (en) * 1996-07-13 1999-05-12 张成万 Automatic adjusting clearance brake
US6684986B1 (en) * 2003-04-01 2004-02-03 Robert Bosch Corporation Adjuster mechanism for a drum brake
CN201106647Y (en) * 2007-10-10 2008-08-27 浙江亚太机电股份有限公司 Interstice self-adjusting device with abrasion alarm and automotive brake having the same
CN201554796U (en) * 2009-09-29 2010-08-18 比亚迪股份有限公司 Drum brake
CN102305252A (en) * 2011-09-09 2012-01-04 许志明 Improved drum brake structure
CN203358563U (en) * 2013-07-17 2013-12-25 北汽福田汽车股份有限公司 Ramp starting assistant device
CN106321689A (en) * 2016-11-21 2017-01-11 李美取 Self-adjustable manually-driven drum brake
CN107965534A (en) * 2017-11-28 2018-04-27 宋建毅 Multisection type brake-shoe for drum brake

Patent Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3008853A1 (en) * 1979-03-08 1980-09-18 Lucas Industries Ltd ADJUSTMENT DEVICE FOR DRUM BRAKES
JPH08105472A (en) * 1994-10-07 1996-04-23 Hosei Brake Kogyo Kk Drum brake with automatic shoe gap adjusting mechanism
CN2235931Y (en) * 1995-03-07 1996-09-25 张华国 Anti-theft device for braking system of motor cycle
CN2318450Y (en) * 1996-07-13 1999-05-12 张成万 Automatic adjusting clearance brake
US6684986B1 (en) * 2003-04-01 2004-02-03 Robert Bosch Corporation Adjuster mechanism for a drum brake
CN201106647Y (en) * 2007-10-10 2008-08-27 浙江亚太机电股份有限公司 Interstice self-adjusting device with abrasion alarm and automotive brake having the same
CN201554796U (en) * 2009-09-29 2010-08-18 比亚迪股份有限公司 Drum brake
CN102305252A (en) * 2011-09-09 2012-01-04 许志明 Improved drum brake structure
CN203358563U (en) * 2013-07-17 2013-12-25 北汽福田汽车股份有限公司 Ramp starting assistant device
CN106321689A (en) * 2016-11-21 2017-01-11 李美取 Self-adjustable manually-driven drum brake
CN107965534A (en) * 2017-11-28 2018-04-27 宋建毅 Multisection type brake-shoe for drum brake

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