CN110608215A - Hydraulic system for hydraulic cylinder performance test and test method - Google Patents
Hydraulic system for hydraulic cylinder performance test and test method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110608215A CN110608215A CN201910825478.0A CN201910825478A CN110608215A CN 110608215 A CN110608215 A CN 110608215A CN 201910825478 A CN201910825478 A CN 201910825478A CN 110608215 A CN110608215 A CN 110608215A
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- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 title claims description 8
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 title description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 56
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000009530 blood pressure measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B19/00—Testing; Calibrating; Fault detection or monitoring; Simulation or modelling of fluid-pressure systems or apparatus not otherwise provided for
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B21/00—Common features of fluid actuator systems; Fluid-pressure actuator systems or details thereof, not covered by any other group of this subclass
- F15B21/08—Servomotor systems incorporating electrically operated control means
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Abstract
The invention discloses a hydraulic system for testing the performance of a hydraulic cylinder and a testing method, and the hydraulic system comprises a pilot loop, a low-pressure loop, a high-pressure loop and the hydraulic cylinder, wherein a first two-position three-way non-leakage valve and a first hydraulic control one-way valve are arranged between a rodless cavity of the hydraulic cylinder and a three-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve, a second two-position three-way non-leakage valve and a second hydraulic control one-way valve are arranged between a rod cavity and the three-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve, sensor components are arranged on the first two-position three-way non-leakage valve and the second two-position three-way non-leakage valve, the low-pressure loop is provided with a first proportional overflow valve for setting pressure, the high-pressure loop is provided with a second proportional. The invention is used for testing the performance of the hydraulic cylinder and describing the testing method thereof in detail, can automatically control the operation of the hydraulic cylinder and automatically set the overflow pressure, and has high automation degree and accurate detection result.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of hydraulic systems, in particular to a hydraulic system for testing the performance of a hydraulic cylinder and a testing method.
Background
For any hydraulic cylinder manufacturer, each non-standard hydraulic cylinder produced by the hydraulic cylinder manufacturer must be subjected to factory performance test; for the standard hydraulic cylinder, sampling inspection must be carried out to test each performance index of the sampled standard hydraulic cylinder.
Most of the prior art adopts a manual operation mode, which wastes time and labor, has low efficiency, extremely low control precision, large measurement error and the like, and is terrible to manual operation and has high misoperation rate. Such as: firstly, testing the hydraulic cylinder to run and test the basic performance of the hydraulic cylinder: the operator needs to repeatedly press the button to make the hydraulic cylinder reciprocate for a plurality of times in the full stroke, so that the air in the hydraulic cylinder is completely removed, and the manual operation mode wastes time and labor and has low efficiency; secondly, testing the starting pressure characteristic of the hydraulic cylinder: the pressure is adjusted to be gradually increased manually, and a hydraulic cylinder starting pressure characteristic test is measured, so that the manual control precision is extremely low, and the pressure stability is poor; carrying out pressure resistance test on the hydraulic cylinder: the piston cylinder of the tested hydraulic cylinder is completely extended to the limit stroke position, the handle of the overflow valve is manually controlled to pressurize to N times of the rated working pressure (the test pressure multiple can be executed according to requirements), the specified pressure maintaining time is reached, the condition that the appearance of the hydraulic cylinder has oil leakage points or deformation is observed, the manually controlled pressure stability is poor, and in addition, the pressure value of N times of the rated working pressure is difficult to achieve an accurate value manually; fourthly, testing leakage in the hydraulic cylinder: the working cavity (large cavity or small cavity) of the tested hydraulic cylinder is filled with pressure oil, the pressure is increased to rated pressure or customer-specified pressure, and whether the leakage performance in the hydraulic cylinder is feasible or not is judged by measuring pressure maintaining pressure drop; testing the leakage of the hydraulic cylinder, namely, checking whether leakage occurs at the sealing part of the piston rod, each static sealing part of the cylinder body, the joint surface and the adjustable mechanism or not while performing test operation, starting pressure, pressure resistance and internal leakage tests, and hardly judging the leakage to be consistent by observing through naked eyes; sixthly, testing the stroke of the hydraulic oil cylinder: the pistons of the tested oil cylinders are respectively stopped at the extreme positions at the two ends of the stroke, and the stroke of the pistons is manually detected; the manual measurement error is large.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly solves the technical problem of providing the hydraulic system and the test method for testing the performance of the hydraulic cylinder, which can automatically control the operation of the hydraulic cylinder, can set the overflow pressure, and have high automation degree and accurate test result.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts a technical scheme that: the hydraulic system comprises a pilot loop, a low-pressure loop, a high-pressure loop and a hydraulic cylinder, wherein the pilot loop and the low-pressure loop are communicated with the hydraulic cylinder through a three-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve, a rod cavity or a rodless cavity of the hydraulic cylinder is supplied with oil through the three-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve, the high-pressure loop is communicated to the rod cavity and the rodless cavity of the hydraulic cylinder, a first two-position three-way non-leakage valve and a first hydraulic control one-way valve are sequentially arranged between the rodless cavity of the hydraulic cylinder and the three-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve, a second two-position three-way non-leakage valve and a second hydraulic control one-way valve are sequentially arranged between the rod cavity and the three-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve, a sensor assembly for detecting the pressure of the hydraulic cylinder is arranged on the first two-position three-way non-leakage valve and the second two-position, the high-pressure circuit has a second proportional relief valve for setting pressure, and the pilot circuit has a proportional relief valve for setting pressure.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first hydraulic control check valve and the second hydraulic control check valve are respectively communicated with the first two-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve and the second two-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve, and the on/off control is controlled by the first two-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve and the second two-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the sensor assembly comprises a low pressure sensor and a high pressure sensor, which are switched by two corresponding two-position three-way non-leakage valves to detect the hydraulic cylinder.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the pilot loop comprises a low-pressure small-flow motor-pump set communicated with an oil tank, and the low-pressure small-flow motor-pump set is communicated with the three-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve through a proportional pressure reducing valve and provides pilot oil for unlocking the three-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve and the oil-controlled one-way valve, pilot reversing oil supply of the directional valve and testing the starting pressure of the hydraulic cylinder; the low-pressure loop comprises a low-pressure high-flow motor pump set, the low-pressure high-flow motor pump set is communicated with the three-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve through a proportional speed regulating valve, the high-pressure loop comprises a high-pressure small-flow motor pump set, the high-pressure small-flow motor pump set is communicated with a rodless cavity of the hydraulic cylinder through a third two-position three-way non-leakage valve and a third hydraulic control one-way valve in sequence, and is communicated with a rod cavity of the hydraulic cylinder through a fourth two-position three-way non-leakage valve and a fourth hydraulic.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, a first one-way valve and a first low-pressure filter are sequentially connected between the low-pressure small-flow motor pump set and the proportional pressure reducing valve, and a fourth one-way valve is connected between the proportional pressure reducing valve and the three-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, a second low-pressure filter, a proportional speed regulating valve and a second one-way valve are sequentially connected between the low-pressure large-flow motor-pump set and the three-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve, one end of the first proportional overflow valve is communicated between the proportional speed regulating valve and the second low-pressure filter, and the other end of the first proportional overflow valve is communicated to an oil tank.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the third hydraulic control check valve and the fourth hydraulic control check valve are respectively communicated with the third two-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve and the third two-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve, and the on/off control is controlled by the third two-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve and the fourth two-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, a throttling damper and a third check valve are connected between the third two-position three-way no-leakage valve and the fourth two-position three-way no-leakage valve and the high-pressure small-flow motor pump set, one end of the second proportional overflow valve is communicated between the high-pressure small-flow motor pump set and the third check valve, and the other end of the second proportional overflow valve is communicated with the oil tank.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the hydraulic oil in the oil tank is hydraulic oil containing fluorescent agent, and is irradiated by a purple flashlight to judge the leakage condition of the hydraulic cylinder, the hydraulic cylinder is provided with an infrared displacement sensor for detecting the stroke of the hydraulic cylinder, and the hydraulic system is controlled by a PLC.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention adopts another technical scheme that: the test method of the hydraulic system for testing the performance of the hydraulic cylinder comprises the following steps:
a. the low-pressure small-flow motor pump set is started, a pilot loop establishes set pressure, a potentiometer of a first proportional overflow valve returns to zero, the low-pressure large-flow motor pump set is started at zero pressure, the first proportional overflow valve adjusts the pressure to a set value, a first two-position three-way non-leakage valve and a second two-position three-way non-leakage valve are electrified to enable a corresponding low-pressure sensor to be communicated with a rod cavity and a rodless cavity of a hydraulic cylinder, a three-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve is communicated with the right position to enable hydraulic oil of the low-pressure large-flow motor pump set to enter the rodless cavity of the hydraulic cylinder, and a hydraulic control one-way valve between the rod cavity and the three-position four: the second two-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve enables the second hydraulic control one-way valve to be unlocked, so that oil in the rod cavity flows back to the oil tank, and the hydraulic cylinder extends to the limit position; the first two-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve unlocks the first hydraulic control one-way valve, the three-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve reverses to the left position, hydraulic oil of the low-pressure large-flow motor pump set enters a rod cavity of the hydraulic cylinder, hydraulic oil of a rodless cavity flows back to the oil tank until the hydraulic cylinder retracts to the limit position, the operation is repeated for multiple times, the condition of the hydraulic cylinder is observed, and finally the pressure of the rod cavity and the rodless cavity of the hydraulic cylinder is relieved, and all parts stop working;
b. enabling a potentiometer corresponding to the proportional pressure reducing valve to return to zero, starting a low-pressure small-flow motor pump set, establishing a set pilot loop pressure, enabling a first two-position three-way non-leakage valve and a second two-position three-way non-leakage valve to be powered on to enable a corresponding low-pressure sensor to be communicated with a rod cavity and a rodless cavity of a hydraulic cylinder, enabling oil of the low-pressure small-flow motor pump set to enter the rodless cavity of the hydraulic cylinder by enabling a three-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve to be communicated with the right position, enabling the second hydraulic control one-way valve to be unlocked by the second two-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve at the same time, enabling the oil in the rod cavity to flow back to an oil tank, adjusting the potentiometer corresponding to the proportional pressure reducing valve to enable the pressure to rise slowly, delaying the pressure detected by the sensor in real time to obtain the instantaneous highest pressure, and finally releasing the pressure;
c. starting a low-pressure small-flow motor pump set, establishing a set pressure in a pilot loop, enabling a potentiometer of a first proportional overflow valve to return to zero, starting the low-pressure large-flow motor pump set at zero pressure, enabling a corresponding high-pressure sensor to be communicated with a rod cavity and a rodless cavity of a hydraulic cylinder by the loss of power of the first two-position three-way non-leakage valve and a second two-position three-way non-leakage valve, stopping the low-pressure large-flow motor pump set after the hydraulic cylinder extends to a limit position in the step a, starting the high-pressure small-flow motor pump set, adjusting the pressure of the second proportional overflow valve, enabling pressure oil of the high-pressure small-flow motor pump set to enter the rodless cavity of the hydraulic cylinder, opening a hydraulic control one-way valve between a rod cavity and a two-position three-way electromagnetic reversing valve in the high-pressure loop through the pilot oil, enabling the hydraulic oil in the rod, and the potentiometer of the second proportional overflow valve is reset to zero, the high-pressure small-flow motor pump is unloaded, the rodless cavity of the hydraulic cylinder enters the pressure maintaining time, and the pressure drop of the corresponding cavity of the hydraulic cylinder is observed after the pressure maintaining time.
d. Starting a low-pressure small-flow motor pump set, establishing a set pressure in a pilot loop, enabling a potentiometer of a first proportional overflow valve to return to zero, starting the low-pressure large-flow motor pump set at zero pressure, enabling a corresponding high-pressure sensor to be communicated with a rod cavity and a rodless cavity of a hydraulic cylinder by the loss of power of the first two-position three-way non-leakage valve and a second two-position three-way non-leakage valve, stopping the low-pressure large-flow motor pump set after the hydraulic cylinder retracts to a limit position in the step a, then starting the high-pressure small-flow motor pump set, adjusting the pressure of the second proportional overflow valve, enabling pressure oil of the high-pressure small-flow motor pump set to enter the rod cavity of the hydraulic cylinder, opening a hydraulic control one-way valve between the rodless cavity and the two-position three-way electromagnetic reversing valve in the high-pressure loop through the pilot oil, enabling the hydraulic oil in the, and the potentiometer of the second proportional overflow valve is reset to zero, the high-pressure small-flow motor pump is unloaded, the rod cavity of the hydraulic cylinder enters the pressure maintaining time, and the pressure drop of the corresponding cavity of the hydraulic cylinder is observed after the pressure maintaining time.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the hydraulic system and the test method for testing the performance of the hydraulic cylinder can automatically control the operation of the hydraulic cylinder, can set the overflow pressure, and have high automation degree and accurate detection result.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without inventive efforts, wherein:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the hydraulic principle of a preferred embodiment of the hydraulic system for testing the performance of a hydraulic cylinder according to the present invention;
the parts in the drawings are numbered as follows: 1. a low-pressure loop, 101, a low-pressure large-flow motor-pump group, 102, a second low-pressure filter, 103, a proportional speed control valve, 104, a second check valve, 105, a first proportional overflow valve, 106, a three-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve, 1071, a first hydraulic control check valve, 1072, a second hydraulic control check valve, 1081, a first two-position three-way non-leakage valve, 1082, a second two-position three-way non-leakage valve, 109, a hydraulic cylinder, 110, a purple flashlight, 111, an infrared displacement sensor, 2, a high-pressure loop, 201, a high-pressure small-flow motor-pump group, 202, a third check valve, 1083, a third three-position three-way non-leakage valve, 1084, a fourth three-way non-leakage valve, 2051, a third hydraulic control check valve, 2052, a fourth hydraulic control check valve, 204, a throttle damper, 3063, a third two-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve, 3064, a fourth four-way electromagnetic directional valve, 3, a pilot loop, 301, 3021. the system comprises a first check valve 303, a first low-pressure filter 304, a proportional pressure reducing valve 305, an overflow valve 3022, a fourth check valve 3061, a first two-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve 3062, a second two-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve 4 and an oil tank.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, a hydraulic system for testing the performance of a hydraulic cylinder includes a pilot circuit 3, a low-pressure circuit 1, a high-pressure circuit 2 and a hydraulic cylinder 109, the pilot circuit 3 and the low-pressure circuit 1 are communicated with the hydraulic cylinder 109 through a three-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve 106, oil is supplied to a rod cavity or a rodless cavity of the hydraulic cylinder 109 through the three-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve 106, the high-pressure circuit 2 is communicated with the rod cavity and the rodless cavity of the hydraulic cylinder 109, a first two-position three-way non-leakage valve 1081 and a first hydraulic control check valve 1071 are sequentially installed between the rodless cavity of the hydraulic cylinder 109 and the three-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve 106, a second two-position three-way non-leakage valve 1082 and a second hydraulic control check valve 1072 are sequentially installed between the rod cavity and the three-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve 106, sensor assemblies for detecting the pressure of the hydraulic cylinder 109 are installed on, the low-pressure circuit 1 has a first proportional relief valve 105 for setting pressure, the high-pressure circuit 2 has a second proportional relief valve 205 for setting pressure, and the pilot circuit 3 has a proportional pressure reducing valve 304 for setting pressure.
In addition, the first hydraulic control check valve 1071 and the second hydraulic control check valve 1072 are respectively communicated with the first two-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve 3061 and the second two-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve 3062, and are controlled to be on and off through the first two-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve 3061 and the second two-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve 3062.
In addition, the sensor assembly comprises a low pressure sensor PACL/PCBL and a high pressure sensor PCAH/PCBH, which are switched by corresponding two-position three-way no-leakage valves to detect the hydraulic cylinder. The detection pressure range of the low-pressure sensor PACL/PCBL is 0-6Mpa, and the detection pressure range of the high-pressure sensor PCAH/PCBH is 0-60 Mpa.
In addition, the pilot circuit 3 includes a low-pressure small-flow motor-pump group 301 that communicates with the oil tank 4, the low-pressure small-flow motor-pump group 301 communicates with the three-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve 106 through a proportional pressure reducing valve 304, a first check valve 3021 and a first low-pressure filter 303 are connected in sequence between the low-pressure small-flow motor-pump group 301 and the proportional pressure reducing valve 304, and a fourth check valve 3022 is connected between the proportional pressure reducing valve 304 and the three-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve 106.
The low-pressure loop 1 comprises a low-pressure large-flow motor-pump set 101, a second low-pressure filter 102, a proportional speed regulating valve 103 and a second one-way valve 104 are sequentially connected between the low-pressure large-flow motor-pump set 101 and a three-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve 106, one end of a first proportional overflow valve 105 is communicated between the proportional speed regulating valve 103 and the second low-pressure filter 102, and the other end of the first proportional overflow valve is communicated to the oil tank 4.
The high-pressure loop 2 comprises a high-pressure small-flow motor pump group 201, the high-pressure small-flow motor pump 201 group is communicated with a rodless cavity of the hydraulic cylinder 109 through a third two-position three-way non-leakage valve 1083 and a third hydraulic control one-way valve 2051 in sequence, and is communicated with a rod cavity of the hydraulic cylinder 109 through a fourth two-position three-way non-leakage valve 1084 and a fourth hydraulic control one-way valve 2052.
In addition, a third hydraulic control one-way valve 2051 and a fourth hydraulic control one-way valve 2052 are respectively communicated with a third two-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve 1083 and a third two-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve 1084, and are controlled to be switched on and off by the third two-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve 1083 and the fourth two-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve 1084.
In addition, a throttling damper 204 and a third check valve 202 are connected between the third two-position three-way non-leakage valve 1083 and the fourth two-position three-way non-leakage valve 1084 and the high-pressure small-flow motor-pump set 201, one end of the second proportional overflow valve 203 is communicated between the high-pressure small-flow motor-pump set 201 and the third check valve 202, and the other end of the second proportional overflow valve is communicated with the oil tank 4.
In addition, the hydraulic oil in the oil tank 1 is hydraulic oil containing fluorescent agent, and is irradiated by a purple flashlight 110 to judge the leakage condition of the hydraulic cylinder 109, and an infrared displacement sensor 111 for detecting the stroke of the hydraulic cylinder 109 is installed on the hydraulic cylinder 109.
To the pneumatic cylinder operation of trying, test pneumatic cylinder basic performance is experimental:
starting a low-pressure small-flow motor pump set 301, and establishing the previously set pressure of a 10Mpa pilot circuit 3; the potentiometer corresponding to the electromagnet YVP1 of the first proportional overflow valve 105 returns to zero, the low-voltage large-current motor pump set 101 is started at zero voltage, the PLC automatically controls the potentiometer corresponding to the YVP1 to adjust the pressure value of the first proportional overflow valve 105 to 5Mpa, meanwhile, because the hydraulic cylinder does low-voltage reciprocating motion, the first two-position three-way non-leakage valve 1081 and the second two-position three-way non-leakage valve 1082 are powered on, and the two low-voltage pressure sensors PCAL and PCBL are respectively communicated with the rod cavity and the rod-free cavity of the hydraulic cylinder 1096. The electromagnet of the second two-position three-way electromagnetic directional valve 3062 is electrified, so that the second hydraulic control one-way valve 1072 is unlocked, the three-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve 106 is switched to the right position, the low-pressure high-flow hydraulic oil of the low-pressure high-flow motor pump set 301 respectively passes through the second low-pressure filter 102, the proportional speed regulating valve 103, the second one-way valve 104, the three-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve 106 and the first hydraulic control one-way valve 1071 to flow to the rodless cavity of the hydraulic cylinder 109, the hydraulic oil in the rod cavity returns to the oil tank 4 through the second hydraulic control one-way valve 1072 and the three-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve 106, and the proportional speed regulating valve 103 can adjust the potentiometer corresponding to the proportional electromagnet YVP4, so as to change the; when the hydraulic cylinder is movably jacked to the head, the pressure of the low-pressure sensor PCAL can rise to about 5Mpa, at the moment, a pressure signal is fed back to the PLC, the PLC can enable the electromagnet YVb and the YV2 to lose power successively, then, the electromagnet YV1 is powered on, the first hydraulic control one-way valve 1071 is unlocked, YVa is powered on, the three-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve 106 is reversed to the left position, low-pressure high-flow hydraulic oil of the low-pressure high-flow motor pump group 101 respectively passes through the second low-pressure filter 102, the proportional speed regulating valve 103, the second one-way valve 104, the three-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve 106 and the second hydraulic control one-way valve 1072 to the rod cavity of the hydraulic cylinder 109, and meanwhile, rodless cavity oil of the hydraulic cylinder 109 respectively returns to the oil tank 4 through the first hydraulic; when the piston of the hydraulic cylinder 109 is retracted to the bottom, the pressure of the low-pressure sensor PCBL rises to about 5Mpa, a pressure signal is fed back to the PLC, and the PLC repeatedly controls the on-off of the corresponding electromagnetic valve, so that the hydraulic cylinder is controlled to complete set n reciprocating motions (the reciprocating times n of the hydraulic cylinder can be set by opening manually), and air in the hydraulic cylinder is completely removed. In the test process, the running state of the hydraulic cylinder is observed, and whether the hydraulic cylinder has abnormal phenomena such as long-time crawling is judged; after the judgment is finished, the retraction method is installed, the hydraulic cylinder is retracted, the electromagnets YV1 and YV2 are powered on, the rodless cavity and the rod cavity of the tested hydraulic cylinder 109 are decompressed, finally, all the electromagnets are automatically powered off, all the potentiometers are automatically reset to zero, and the hydraulic pump automatically stops working.
And (3) testing the starting pressure characteristic of the hydraulic cylinder:
the potentiometer corresponding to the proportional electromagnet YVP3 of the proportional pressure reducing valve 304 returns to zero, and then the low-pressure small-flow motor pump set 301 is started to establish the previously set 10Mpa pilot circuit pressure; because the starting pressure of the tested hydraulic cylinder 109 is low pressure, the electromagnet YV7 of the first two-position three-way no-leak valve 1081 and the electromagnet YV8 of the second two-position three-way no-leak valve 1082 are electrified, so that the low-pressure sensor PCAL and the PCBL are respectively communicated with the rodless cavity and the rod cavity of the tested hydraulic cylinder 109; the electromagnet YV2 is electrified, the second hydraulic control one-way valve 1072 is unlocked, then YVb is electrified, the three-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve 106 is reversed to the right position, the low-pressure oil of the low-pressure small-flow motor pump set 301 respectively passes through the first one-way valve 3021, the first low-pressure filter 303, the proportional pressure reducing valve 304, the fourth one-way valve 3022, the three-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve 106, the first hydraulic control one-way valve 1071 to the rodless cavity of the hydraulic cylinder 109, and meanwhile, the oil in the rod cavity of the hydraulic cylinder 109 respectively returns to the oil tank 4 through the second hydraulic control one-way valve 1072 and the three-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve 106; the PLC automatically and slowly adjusts the corresponding potentiometer of the proportion electromagnet YVP3 of the proportion pressure reducing valve 304 to slowly increase the pressure, and meanwhile, the low-pressure sensor PCAL feeds the measured pressure back to the PLC in real time. When the pressure slowly rises and suddenly drops, the instantaneous highest point pressure is captured by the PLC, and the highest point pressure value is as follows: the hydraulic cylinder 109 actuates the pressure. After the measurement is finished, the tested hydraulic cylinder retracts according to the steps of 'testing the hydraulic cylinder for running and testing the basic performance of the hydraulic cylinder', the electromagnets YV1 and YV2 are powered on, the rodless cavity and the rod cavity of the tested hydraulic cylinder 109 are decompressed, finally, all the electromagnets are automatically powered off, all the potentiometers are automatically reset to zero, and the hydraulic pump automatically stops working.
To pneumatic cylinder withstand voltage test, to revealing in the pneumatic cylinder experimental, revealing the test outward to the pneumatic cylinder and to pneumatic cylinder stroke detection test:
starting a low-pressure large-flow motor-pump set 101, and establishing the previously set 10Mpa pilot circuit pressure; the potentiometer corresponding to the proportional electromagnet YVP1 of the first proportional overflow valve 105 is reset to zero, the low-pressure small-flow pump set 301 is started at zero pressure, the PLC automatically controls the potentiometer corresponding to the YVP1 to automatically adjust the pressure value of the first proportional overflow valve 105 to 5Mpa, the electromagnet YV7 and the electromagnet YV8 are powered off when the pressure test of the hydraulic cylinder 109 is a high-pressure test, and the communication between the low-pressure sensor PCAL and the PCBL and the rodless cavity of the tested hydraulic cylinder 109 is blocked, namely: the pressure measurement is detected by a high-pressure sensor PCAH and a PCBH which are communicated with the rodless cavity and the rod cavity, and the pressure measurement is fed back to the PLC; the electromagnet YV2 is powered on to unlock the second hydraulic control one-way valve 1072, YVb is powered on to change the three-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve 106 to the right position, the low-pressure high-flow hydraulic oil of the low-pressure high-flow motor pump group 101 respectively passes through the second low-pressure filter 102, the proportional speed regulating valve 103, the second one-way valve 104, the three-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve 106 and the first hydraulic control one-way valve 1071 to the rodless cavity of the hydraulic cylinder 109, meanwhile, the rod cavity oil of the hydraulic cylinder 109 respectively returns to the oil tank 4 through the second hydraulic control one-way valve 1072 and the three-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve 106, and the tested hydraulic cylinder is quickly stretched out. When the piston of the hydraulic cylinder is jacked to the head, the pressure of the PCAH (positive pressure differential amplifier) of the high-pressure sensor rises to about 5Mpa, at the moment, a pressure signal is fed back to the PLC, and the PLC can enable the electromagnet YVb and the YV2 to lose power successively and enable the low-pressure large-wave motor pump set to stop; the high-pressure small-flow motor pump set 201 is started, the PLC automatically adjusts a potentiometer corresponding to the proportional electromagnet YVP2 of the second proportional relief valve 203, so that the pressure reaches 1.5 times of the rated pressure (the pressure can be manually set to be open, here, 50Mpa is temporarily set), the electromagnet YV4 is energized, the fourth hydraulic control check valve 2052 is unlocked, then the electromagnet YV5 is energized, so that the high-pressure small-flow pressure oil 201 passes through the third check valve 202, the third two-position three-way non-leakage valve 1083 and the third hydraulic control check valve 2051 to the rodless cavity of the hydraulic cylinder 109, and meanwhile, the rod cavity of the hydraulic cylinder 109 is communicated with the oil tank 4 through the fourth hydraulic control check valve 2052, the fourth two-position three-way non-leakage valve 1084 and the throttle damper 204. After the high-pressure pressurizing time T1 (the time T1 can be manually opened and set), the potentiometer corresponding to the proportional electromagnet YVP2 of the second proportional overflow valve 203 automatically returns to zero, the high-pressure small-flow motor pump set 201 unloads, the rodless cavity enters the pressure maintaining time T2 (the time T2 can be manually opened and set), in the period of time T2, the high-pressure sensor PCAH can feed pressure signals back to the PLC in real time, and after the time T2 is finished; observing whether the tested hydraulic cylinder has deformation by naked eyes; judging whether the pressure resistance of the tested hydraulic cylinder is qualified or not; irradiating each part of the tested hydraulic cylinder by using a purple flashlight to determine whether fluorescent hydraulic oil seeps out; judging whether the external leakage of the tested hydraulic cylinder reaches the standard or not; the PLC can automatically obtain a pressure drop difference value after the T2 time is finished, and whether the internal leakage of the tested hydraulic cylinder meets the requirement can be judged; meanwhile, the actual stroke of the tested hydraulic cylinder is accurately measured through the infrared displacement sensor, and whether the actual stroke meets the requirements of a drawing or not can be judged.
The pressure resistance test for measuring the rod cavity of the hydraulic cylinder comprises the following specific test methods:
starting a low-pressure small-flow motor pump set 301, and establishing the previously set 10Mpa pilot circuit pressure; the potentiometer corresponding to the proportional electromagnet YVP1 of the first proportional overflow valve 105 is reset to zero, the low-pressure large-flow motor pump set 101 is started at zero pressure, the PLC automatically controls the potentiometer corresponding to the YVP1 to automatically adjust the pressure value of the first proportional overflow valve 105 to 5Mpa, the electromagnet YV7 and the electromagnet YV8 are always powered off because the pressure test of the hydraulic cylinder 109 is a high-pressure test, and the communication between the low-pressure sensor PCAL and the PCBL and the rodless cavity of the tested hydraulic cylinder 109 is blocked, namely: the pressure measurement is detected by a high-pressure sensor PCAH and a PCBH which are communicated with the rodless cavity and the rod cavity, and the pressure measurement is fed back to the PLC; the electromagnet YV1 is electrified to unlock the first hydraulic control one-way valve 1071, YVa is electrified to change the three-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve 106 to the left position, the hydraulic oil of the low-pressure large-flow motor pump group 101 respectively passes through the second low-pressure filter 102, the proportional speed regulating valve 103, the second one-way valve 104, the three-position four-way directional electromagnetic valve 106 and the second hydraulic control one-way valve 1072 to the rod cavity of the hydraulic cylinder 109, meanwhile, the rodless cavity oil of the hydraulic cylinder 109 respectively returns to the oil tank 4 through the first hydraulic control one-way valve 1071 and the three-position four-way directional electromagnetic valve 106, and the tested hydraulic cylinder is quickly retracted by the large-flow. When the piston of the hydraulic cylinder retracts to the head, the pressure of the PCBH of the high-pressure sensor rises to about 5Mpa, at the moment, a pressure signal is fed back to the PLC, and the PLC can enable the electromagnet YVa and the YV1 to lose power and enable the low-pressure large-flow motor pump set 101 to stop; the high-pressure small-flow motor pump set 201 is started, the PLC automatically adjusts a potentiometer corresponding to a proportional electromagnet YVP2 of the second proportional overflow valve 203, so that the pressure reaches 1.5 times of rated pressure (the pressure can be manually set open, and is temporarily set at 50Mpa here), the electromagnet YV3 is electrified, the third hydraulic control one-way valve 2051 is unlocked, then the electromagnet YV6 is electrified, and the pressure oil of the high-pressure small-flow motor pump set 201 respectively passes through the third one-way valve 202, the fourth two-position three-way non-leakage valve 1084 and the fourth hydraulic control one-way valve 2052 to a rod cavity of the hydraulic cylinder 109, and meanwhile, the rod-free cavity of the hydraulic cylinder 109 is respectively communicated with the oil tank 4 through the third hydraulic control one-way valve 2051, the fourth two-position three-way non-leakage valve 1083 and the. After the high-pressure pressurizing time T1 (the time T1 can be manually opened and set), the potentiometer corresponding to the proportional electromagnet YVP2 of the second proportional overflow valve 105 automatically returns to zero, the high-pressure small-flow motor pump set is unloaded, the rod cavity enters the pressure maintaining time T2 (the time T2 can be manually opened and set), the high-pressure sensor PCBH feeds pressure signals back to the PLC in real time in the period of T2, after the time T2 is finished, the PLC automatically obtains a pressure drop difference value to judge whether the leakage in the rod cavity of the tested hydraulic cylinder meets the requirement, after all the tests are finished, the tested hydraulic cylinder runs according to the test on the hydraulic cylinder, the step of testing the basic performance of the hydraulic cylinder is retracted, in addition, the electromagnets YV1 and YV2 are electrified, the rodless cavity and the rod cavity of the tested hydraulic cylinder are decompressed, finally, all the electromagnets are automatically de-electrified, and all the potentiometers automatically return to zero, the hydraulic pumps all automatically stop working.
Different from the prior art, the hydraulic system and the test method for testing the performance of the hydraulic cylinder can automatically control the operation of the hydraulic cylinder, can set the overflow pressure, and have high automation degree and accurate detection result.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all modifications of equivalent structures and equivalent processes, which are made by the present specification, or directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A hydraulic system for testing the performance of a hydraulic cylinder is characterized by comprising a pilot loop, a low-pressure loop, a high-pressure loop and the hydraulic cylinder, wherein the pilot loop is used for unlocking a hydraulic control one-way valve, pilot reversing oil supply of a reversing valve and starting pressure of the hydraulic cylinder to be tested, the low-pressure loop is communicated with the hydraulic cylinder through a three-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve, oil is supplied to a rod cavity or a rodless cavity of the hydraulic cylinder through the three-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve, the high-pressure loop is communicated to a rod cavity and a rodless cavity of the hydraulic cylinder, a first two-position three-way non-leakage valve and a first hydraulic control one-way valve are sequentially arranged between the rodless cavity of the hydraulic cylinder and the three-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve, a second two-position three-way non-leakage valve and a second hydraulic control one-way valve are sequentially arranged between the rod cavity and the three-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve, and a sensor assembly, the low-pressure circuit has a first proportional relief valve for setting pressure, the high-pressure circuit has a second proportional relief valve for setting pressure, and the pilot circuit has a proportional relief valve for setting pressure.
2. The hydraulic system for testing the performance of the hydraulic cylinder according to claim 1, wherein the first hydraulic control one-way valve and the second hydraulic control one-way valve are respectively communicated with the first two-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve and the second two-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve, and are controlled to be switched on and off through the first two-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve and the second two-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve.
3. The hydraulic system for hydraulic cylinder performance testing of claim 1, wherein the sensor assembly comprises a low pressure sensor and a high pressure sensor that are switched by corresponding two-position three-way no-leak valves to detect the hydraulic cylinder.
4. The hydraulic system for testing the performance of the hydraulic cylinder according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the pilot loop comprises a low-pressure small-flow motor-pump set communicated with an oil tank, the low-pressure small-flow motor-pump set is communicated with the three-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve through a proportional pressure reducing valve, the low-pressure loop comprises a low-pressure large-flow motor-pump set, and the low-pressure large-flow motor-pump set is communicated with the three-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve through a proportional speed regulating valve; the high-pressure loop comprises a high-pressure small-flow motor pump set, the high-pressure small-flow motor pump set is communicated with a rodless cavity of the hydraulic cylinder sequentially through a third two-position three-way non-leakage valve and a third hydraulic control one-way valve, and is communicated with a rod cavity of the hydraulic cylinder through a fourth two-position three-way non-leakage valve and a fourth hydraulic control one-way valve.
5. The hydraulic system for testing the performance of the hydraulic cylinder according to claim 4, wherein a first one-way valve and a first low-pressure filter are sequentially connected between the low-pressure small-flow motor pump group and the proportional pressure reducing valve, and a fourth one-way valve is connected between the proportional pressure reducing valve and the three-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve.
6. The hydraulic system for testing the performance of the hydraulic cylinder according to claim 4, wherein a second low-pressure filter, a proportional speed regulating valve and a second one-way valve are sequentially connected between the low-pressure high-flow motor pump set and the three-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve, one end of the first proportional overflow valve is communicated between the proportional speed regulating valve and the second low-pressure filter, and the other end of the first proportional overflow valve is communicated to an oil tank.
7. The hydraulic system for testing the performance of the hydraulic cylinder according to claim 4, wherein the third hydraulic control one-way valve and the fourth hydraulic control one-way valve are respectively communicated with the third two-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve and the third two-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve, and are controlled to be on or off by the third two-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve and the fourth two-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve.
8. The hydraulic system for testing the performance of the hydraulic cylinder according to claim 7, wherein a throttling damper and a third check valve are connected between the third two-position three-way non-leakage valve and the fourth two-position three-way non-leakage valve and the high-pressure small-flow motor-pump set, one end of the second proportional overflow valve is communicated between the high-pressure small-flow motor-pump set and the third check valve, and the other end of the second proportional overflow valve is communicated with an oil tank.
9. The hydraulic system for testing the performance of the hydraulic cylinder according to claim 8, wherein the hydraulic oil in the oil tank is hydraulic oil containing fluorescent agent, and is irradiated by a purple flashlight to judge the leakage condition of the hydraulic cylinder, an infrared displacement sensor for detecting the stroke of the hydraulic cylinder is installed on the hydraulic cylinder, and the hydraulic system is controlled by a PLC.
10. A method of testing a hydraulic system for hydraulic cylinder performance testing as claimed in claim 1, comprising the steps of:
a. the low-pressure small-flow motor pump set is started, a pilot loop establishes a set pressure, a potentiometer of a first proportional overflow valve returns to zero, the low-pressure large-flow motor pump set is started at zero pressure, the first proportional overflow valve adjusts the pressure to a set value, a first two-position three-way non-leakage valve and a second two-position three-way non-leakage valve are electrified to enable a corresponding low-pressure sensor to be communicated with a rod cavity and a rodless cavity of a hydraulic cylinder, a pilot oil is opened to a hydraulic control one-way valve between the rod cavity and a three-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve, the second two-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve enables the second hydraulic control one-way valve to be unlocked, the three-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve is communicated with the right position to enable hydraulic oil of the low-pressure large-flow motor pump set to enter the rodless; the first two-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve unlocks the first hydraulic control one-way valve, the three-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve reverses to the left position, hydraulic oil of the low-pressure large-flow motor pump set enters a rod cavity of the hydraulic cylinder, hydraulic oil of a rodless cavity flows back to the oil tank until the hydraulic cylinder retracts to the limit position, the operation is repeated for multiple times, the condition of the hydraulic cylinder is observed, and finally the pressure of the rod cavity and the rodless cavity of the hydraulic cylinder is relieved, and all parts stop working;
b. enabling a potentiometer corresponding to the proportional pressure reducing valve to return to zero, starting a low-pressure small-flow motor pump set, establishing a set pilot loop pressure, enabling a first two-position three-way non-leakage valve and a second two-position three-way non-leakage valve to be powered on to enable a corresponding low-pressure sensor to be communicated with a rod cavity and a rodless cavity of a hydraulic cylinder, enabling oil of the low-pressure small-flow motor pump set to enter the rodless cavity of the hydraulic cylinder by enabling a three-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve to be communicated with the right position, enabling the second hydraulic control one-way valve to be unlocked by the second two-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve at the same time, enabling the oil in the rod cavity to flow back to an oil tank, adjusting the potentiometer corresponding to the proportional pressure reducing valve to enable the pressure to rise slowly, delaying the pressure detected by the sensor in real time to obtain the instantaneous highest pressure, and finally releasing the pressure;
c. starting a low-pressure small-flow motor pump set, establishing a set pressure in a pilot loop, enabling a potentiometer of a first proportional overflow valve to return to zero, starting the low-pressure large-flow motor pump set at zero pressure, enabling a corresponding high-pressure sensor to be communicated with a rod cavity and a rodless cavity of a hydraulic cylinder by the loss of power of the first two-position three-way non-leakage valve and a second two-position three-way non-leakage valve, stopping the low-pressure large-flow motor pump set after the hydraulic cylinder extends to a limit position in the step a, starting the high-pressure small-flow motor pump set, adjusting the pressure of the second proportional overflow valve, enabling pressure oil of the high-pressure small-flow motor pump set to enter the rodless cavity of the hydraulic cylinder, opening a hydraulic control one-way valve between a rod cavity and a two-position three-way electromagnetic reversing valve in the high-pressure loop through the pilot oil, enabling the hydraulic oil in the rod, the potentiometer of the second proportional overflow valve returns to zero, the high-pressure small-flow motor pump unloads, the rodless cavity of the hydraulic cylinder enters the pressure maintaining time at the moment, and the pressure drop of the corresponding cavity of the hydraulic cylinder is observed after the pressure maintaining time;
d. starting a low-pressure small-flow motor pump set, establishing a set pressure in a pilot loop, enabling a potentiometer of a first proportional overflow valve to return to zero, starting the low-pressure large-flow motor pump set at zero pressure, enabling a corresponding high-pressure sensor to be communicated with a rod cavity and a rodless cavity of a hydraulic cylinder by the loss of power of the first two-position three-way non-leakage valve and a second two-position three-way non-leakage valve, stopping the low-pressure large-flow motor pump set after the hydraulic cylinder retracts to a limit position in the step a, then starting the high-pressure small-flow motor pump set, adjusting the pressure of the second proportional overflow valve, enabling pressure oil of the high-pressure small-flow motor pump set to enter the rod cavity of the hydraulic cylinder, opening a hydraulic control one-way valve between the rodless cavity and the two-position three-way electromagnetic reversing valve in the high-pressure loop through the pilot oil, enabling the hydraulic oil in the, and the potentiometer of the second proportional overflow valve is reset to zero, the high-pressure small-flow motor pump is unloaded, the rod cavity of the hydraulic cylinder enters the pressure maintaining time, and the pressure drop of the corresponding cavity of the hydraulic cylinder is observed after the pressure maintaining time.
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