CN110607168B - Filtrate reducer for drilling fluid and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Filtrate reducer for drilling fluid and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G8/00—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with phenols only
- C08G8/28—Chemically modified polycondensates
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- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K8/00—Compositions for drilling of boreholes or wells; Compositions for treating boreholes or wells, e.g. for completion or for remedial operations
- C09K8/02—Well-drilling compositions
- C09K8/03—Specific additives for general use in well-drilling compositions
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2208/00—Aspects relating to compositions of drilling or well treatment fluids
- C09K2208/12—Swell inhibition, i.e. using additives to drilling or well treatment fluids for inhibiting clay or shale swelling or disintegrating
Abstract
The invention discloses a filtrate reducer for drilling fluid and a preparation method thereof, wherein the filtrate reducer comprises sulfonated resin, polymer microcrystal, polyaluminium chloride, carboxymethyl cellulose and calcium carbonate; wherein, the sulfonated resin is preferably sulfomethyl phenolic resin, and the polymer microcrystal is preferably modified microcrystalline cellulose. The preparation method comprises the steps of uniformly mixing polyaluminium chloride, sodium carboxymethylcellulose and calcium carbonate to obtain mixed powder A, heating the polymer microcrystal to 55-60 ℃, adding the heated polymer microcrystal and the mixed powder A into sulfonated resin, and uniformly stirring to obtain the filtrate reducer. The filtrate reducer can effectively solve the problems that the existing filtrate reducer can reduce the drilling rate and cause environmental pollution.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of drilling fluid, and particularly relates to a filtrate reducer for drilling fluid and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Drilling fluid is a circulating flushing medium used in the hole during drilling. Drilling fluids are recognized to have at least the following ten effects: (1) cleaning the well bottom and carrying the debris. The well bottom is kept clean, the repeated cutting of a drill bit is avoided, the abrasion is reduced, and the efficiency is improved; (2) cooling and lubricating the drill bit and drill string. The temperature of the drill bit is reduced, the abrasion of the drilling tool is reduced, and the service life of the drilling tool is prolonged; (3) the rock lateral pressure of the well wall is balanced, a filter cake is formed on the well wall, and the well wall is closed and stabilized. Preventing pollution to hydrocarbon reservoirs and collapse of well walls. (4) The formation pressure is balanced (controlled). Well blowout and well leakage are prevented, and pollution of formation fluid to drilling fluid is prevented; (5) suspended rock debris and weighting agents. The sedimentation speed of rock debris is reduced, and the drill sticking caused by the settled sand is avoided; (6) sand and rock debris can be removed on the ground; (7) effectively transferring hydraulic power. Transmitting the power required by the underground power drilling tool and the hydraulic power of the drill bit; (8) bearing part of the weight of the drill pipe and casing. The buoyancy of the drilling fluid to the drilling tool and the casing can reduce the load of a hoisting system when the drilling tool is lifted and lowered; (9) provide a large amount of information about the formation being drilled. The drilling fluid can be used for carrying out electrical logging, rock debris logging and the like to obtain underground data; (10) and (4) hydraulically breaking the rock. The high velocity jet of drilling fluid formed by the nozzle can directly break up or assist in breaking up rock.
With the increasing complexity of drilling stratums, deep wells and ultra-deep wells are more and more, the bottom temperature of the well can reach more than 200 ℃, and the drilling fluid performance is more rigorously required under the high-temperature condition. The filtrate reducer is one of essential treating agents, is used as a key component in a drilling fluid system, and mainly has the functions of enabling the drilling fluid to form a thin and compact mud cake on a well wall, reducing the filtrate loss, maintaining the stability of a well hole, reducing the invasion of a liquid solid phase of the drilling fluid into a stratum and damaging an oil-gas layer. At present, the fluid loss additive for the drilling fluid is mainly divided into high molecular polymer products, humic acid amines products, lignin products and asphalt products, wherein the asphalt fluid loss additive has the advantages of wide material sources, low price and the like and is widely applied in the past for a period of time, but the asphalt fluid loss additive has the defects of reduced drilling speed, environmental pollution, large dosage and the like, and is limited to be used in drilling fluid formulas in domestic environment sensitive areas and most foreign areas. Therefore, the filtrate reducer or the composition thereof which can improve the drilling speed, has little damage to the environment and has small addition amount has practical significance.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the prior art, the invention provides a fluid loss additive for drilling fluid and a preparation method thereof, aiming at solving the problems that the existing fluid loss additive can reduce the drilling speed and cause environmental pollution.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: the invention provides a fluid loss additive for drilling fluid, which comprises the following components in parts by mass: 70-75 parts of sulfonated resin, 5-10 parts of polymer microcrystal, 1-3 parts of polyaluminium chloride, 5-10 parts of sodium carboxymethylcellulose and 3-5 parts of calcium carbonate.
When the components of the fluid loss agent are matched according to the following mass portions, the fluid loss agent has the best effect: 72 parts of sulfonated resin, 8 parts of polymer microcrystal, 2 parts of polyaluminium chloride, 8 parts of sodium carboxymethylcellulose and 3 parts of calcium carbonate.
The fluid loss additive disclosed by the invention contains sulfonated resin, the sulfonated resin is a multipolymer, the desorption effect of the fluid loss additive under a high-temperature condition can be reduced, the stability of a filter cake is enhanced, the bond energy of the sulfonated resin is large, and a molecular chain has an adsorption group and a benzene ring, so that the fluid loss additive disclosed by the invention is good in water solubility, strong in adsorption capacity, good in thermal stability, high-temperature resistant and salt resistant, and can control the aggregation structure of a drilling fluid system and reduce the water loss amount of the fluid loss additive.
The polymer microcrystal in the fluid loss agent has high crystallinity, small density, excellent mechanical property and good compatibility, and can improve the interface compatibility between sulfonated resins and improve the mechanical property of the sulfonated resins, thereby enhancing the overall high temperature resistance and thermal stability of the fluid loss agent.
The polyaluminium chloride in the filtrate reducer can destroy a colloid system of the drilling fluid, so that the drilling fluid is destabilized and dehydrated, and undergoes hydration reaction with water in the drilling fluid, and then is crosslinked with solid-phase particles and organic matters, and the hydrate interacts with the crosslinking matters to form a coagulation-crystallization system, so that the stability of a well wall can be remarkably improved.
The sodium carboxymethylcellulose in the fluid loss additive has the characteristic of low price, and the sodium carboxymethylcellulose and the sulfonated resin are mixed for use to form a thin and compact filter cake on the surface of a well wall, so that the fluid loss wall-building property of the drilling fluid can be obviously improved, and the fluid loss effect is further improved.
The calcium carbonate in the fluid loss additive is nano-grade calcium carbonate which can enter micro pores and gaps of a stratum, so that the fluid loss effect of the fluid loss additive is improved; meanwhile, the calcium carbonate can improve the compactness of a filter cake of the drilling fluid, slow down the permeation of the drilling fluid to a stratum and the tendency of expansion and block falling after the stratum absorbs water, and improve the stability of a well wall.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the invention can be further improved as follows.
Further, the sulfonated resin is sulfomethyl phenolic resin.
Further, the sulfomethyl phenolic resin is prepared from a compound shown in a formula (I) and a compound shown in a formula (II); the structural formula of the sulfomethyl phenolic resin is shown as the formula (III):
wherein M is Na or K;
the mass ratio of the compound shown in the formula (I) to the compound shown in the formula (II) is 100: 115-120.
Further, the preparation of the sulfomethyl phenolic resin comprises the following steps:
s1: synthesizing a linear phenolic resin shown as a formula (I) and a sulfomethyl compound shown as a formula (II);
s2: adding 20-25% of alkali liquor into the linear phenolic resin, wherein the mass ratio of the added alkali liquor to the linear phenolic resin is 0.6-0.7: 1, stirring for 20-30 min, adding a sulfomethyl compound accounting for 34-35% of the total amount, heating to 110-130 ℃, and continuing stirring for 1-1.5 h to complete primary sulfomethylation;
s3: adding a sulfomethyl compound accounting for 34-35% of the total amount into the mixture after the primary sulfomethylation reaction, heating to boil and refluxing, and stirring at the temperature for reaction for 1-1.5 hours to complete the secondary sulfomethylation reaction;
s4: adding formaldehyde into the mixture after the secondary sulfomethylation reaction, wherein the mass ratio of the added formaldehyde to the linear phenolic resin is 0.2-0.25: 1, stirring for reaction until the Turkey viscosity is 80-120 s, and adding water to terminate the resinification reaction;
s5: and adding the rest sulfomethyl compound into the reactant after the S4 resinification reaction, heating to boil and refluxing, and reacting for 20-30 min at the temperature to complete the three sulfomethylation reactions to obtain the sulfomethyl phenolic resin.
The sulfonated resin in the fluid loss additive is preferably sulfomethyl phenolic resin, and the sulfomethyl phenolic resin is polymerized by linear phenolic resin and sulfomethyl compound, wherein the linear phenolic resin contains a large number of benzene rings, and the molecular chain has stronger rigidity, so that the thermal stability of the fluid loss additive can be obviously improved, and the temperature resistance of the fluid loss additive is improved; in addition, the linear phenolic resin contains a large amount of hydroxyl, so that the linear phenolic resin has stronger adsorption performance, the filtrate loss reducing performance and stability of the filtrate loss reducer can be improved, and the finally obtained filtrate loss reducer forms a solvolysis layer on clay particles, so that a drilling fluid system is stabilized. The sulfonic acid group in the sulfomethyl compound is a strong hydrophilic group, has strong hydration function and good salt resistance, and can effectively control the filtration loss in saline water-based slurry.
Further, the synthesis of the novolac resin comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing phenol and formaldehyde according to the mass ratio of 100: 25-28, uniformly stirring, adding a hydrochloric acid solution with the concentration of 20%, wherein the liquid-material ratio of the added hydrochloric acid solution to the phenol is 0.8 multiplied by 10-3～1.0×10-31 mL/g; then heating to 65-70 ℃, and reacting at the temperature until boiling;
(2) after the reflux is normal, the reactant is divided into four timesAdding 20% hydrochloric acid solution, wherein the time interval of each acid addition is 3-5 min, and the liquid-material ratio of the hydrochloric acid solution to the phenol added each time is 0.4 multiplied by 10-3～0.6×10-3:1mL/g；
(3) And after the reactants are changed from colorless to milky white, starting stirring, and reacting for 30min under the stirring condition to finish the preparation of the novolac resin.
Further, the synthetic method of the sulfomethyl compound comprises the following steps:
dissolving 155-160 parts by mass of sodium metabisulfite or potassium metabisulfite in 100 parts by mass of water, adding 29-30 parts by mass of formaldehyde into the solution, and standing at room temperature for 30 min; adding 42-44 parts by mass of formaldehyde into the solution, standing at room temperature for 1h, heating to 75 ℃, and stirring to react until the pH value of the solution is 6-7, thereby completing the preparation of the sulfomethyl compound.
Furthermore, the polymer microcrystal is modified microcrystalline cellulose, and the particle size of the polymer microcrystal is 5-15 mu m.
The filtrate reducer for the drilling fluid can be prepared by simple physical mixing, and the specific method comprises the following steps: and uniformly mixing the polyaluminium chloride, the sodium carboxymethylcellulose and the calcium carbonate to obtain mixed powder A, heating the polymer microcrystal to 55-60 ℃, adding the heated polymer microcrystal and the mixed powder A into the sulfonated resin, and uniformly stirring to obtain the fluid loss additive.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the fluid loss agent provided by the invention is prepared by taking sulfonated resin as a main body and compounding with polymer microcrystal, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and the like, so that the use of asphalt is avoided, the drilling speed can be improved, the damage to the environment is reduced, the total fluid loss rate is reduced, and the fluid loss effect is better.
2. The components in the fluid loss agent are matched with each other, so that the fluid loss agent has good high-temperature resistance and salt resistance, can obviously improve the stability of a well wall in a drilling process, improves the fluid loss wall-building property of drilling fluid, and has good fluid loss effect.
3. The filtrate reducer provided by the invention is simple in preparation method, low in cost of used raw materials, and small in environmental pollution, and is an environment-friendly filtrate reducer.
Detailed Description
The following examples are provided to illustrate specific embodiments of the present invention.
The first embodiment is as follows: synthesis of sulfomethyl phenolic resin
Linear resination, the reaction equations are shown in formulas (IV) to (VI):
the specific operation steps are as follows:
(1) adding 100 parts by mass of dissolved industrial phenol into a linear kettle, and adding 25-28 parts by mass of industrial formaldehyde under the stirring condition;
(2) stirring for 3-5 min, observing no abnormality (including leakage, etc.), adding 20% (volume concentration) hydrochloric acid, and adjusting the ratio of the hydrochloric acid solution to phenol to be 0.8 × 10-3～1.0×10-3:1mL/g；
(3) After stirring and observing no abnormity, heating to ensure that the steam pressure is 2-3 kg;
(4) stirring and heating to 70 ℃ in the kettle, and starting a cooling water pump to cool and circulate a condenser;
(5) when the temperature in the kettle rises to 90 ℃, stopping stirring, turning off steam, and continuously observing;
(6) when the boiling phenomenon is observed, immediately discharging residual steam in the jacket, recording the time, and continuously observing;
(7) after the reflux is normal, the stirring is normal, and the continuous stirring is resumed;
(8) stopping stirring after no abnormity of stirring, adding 20% hydrochloric acid for four times, wherein the time interval of each hydrochloric acid addition is 3-5 min (if the time interval of the hydrochloric acid addition is too short or the addition amount is too large, the kettle flushing caused by violent reaction can be caused), and the liquid-material ratio of each hydrochloric acid addition to the phenol is 0.4 multiplied by 10-3～0.6×10-3:1mL/g；
(9) After the hydrochloric acid is added, observing for 3-5 min, and recording the end point time when the reactant in the kettle changes from colorless to milky white;
(10) and (3) continuing the condensation reaction for 30min under the stirring condition, and preparing the linear phenolic resin.
Example two: synthesis of sulfomethyl Compounds
The sulfomethyl compound is generated by the reaction of formaldehyde and sodium bisulfite or potassium bisulfite, and the chemical reaction formula is shown as a formula (VII), wherein M is Na or K:
the specific operation steps are as follows:
putting 100 parts by mass of clear water and 155-160 parts by mass of sodium/potassium metabisulfite into a preparation kettle, stirring and dissolving for about 30min, stopping stirring after uniform dissolution, adding 29-30 parts by mass of formaldehyde in a static state, and standing and soaking for 30min at room temperature; then adding 42-44 parts by mass of formaldehyde into the solution, and standing at room temperature for 1 h; and heating to about 75 ℃, carrying out point stirring, continuously and uniformly stirring after no abnormity occurs, and stopping stirring when the pH value is measured to be 6-7 to finish the preparation of the sulfomethyl compound.
Example three: synthesis of sulfomethyl phenolic resin
The synthetic reaction formula of the sulfomethyl phenolic resin is shown as a formula (VIII):
the specific operation steps are as follows:
1. first sulfomethylation reaction
(1) Transferring the novolac resin into a sulfonation kettle;
(2) when the material transfer amount is 1/3-2/3, starting the stirrer, and adding 20% (mass concentration) alkali liquor according to the measurement for alkali dissolution treatment, wherein the alkali liquor is sodium hydroxide solution and the like, and the mass ratio of the added alkali liquor to the novolac resin is 0.6-0.7: 1;
(3) after the alkali liquor is added, adding a sulfomethyl compound for the first time, wherein the adding amount of the sulfomethyl compound for the first time accounts for 34-35% of the total amount of the sulfomethyl compound, and simultaneously opening steam to heat;
(4) and when the materials in the kettle are observed to be changed from turbid to clear, continuously stirring and reacting for 1-1.5 h to complete the primary sulfomethylation reaction.
2. Second sulfomethylation reaction
(1) After the first sulfomethylation reaction is finished, adding a sulfomethyl compound for the second time, wherein the adding amount of the sulfomethyl compound for the second time accounts for 34-35% of the total amount of the sulfomethyl compound, and continuously keeping opening steam to heat;
(2) and when the temperature is raised to boiling and refluxing, stopping raising the temperature, and stirring and reacting for 1-1.5 h at the temperature to complete the secondary sulfomethylation reaction.
3. Resinification reaction
(1) When the second sulfomethyl reaction is finished, closing steam, discharging residual steam in a jacket of the reaction kettle, adding formaldehyde into the kettle, wherein the mass ratio of the added formaldehyde to the initial linear phenolic resin is 0.2-0.25: 1, observing the material inverse strain in the kettle at any time in the formaldehyde adding process, and controlling the reaction speed;
(2) after the formaldehyde is added, continuously observing, and starting timing when the backflow occurs; and after timing for about 30min, sampling by point stirring, measuring the viscosity by using a Turkey-4 viscosity meter, and adding water into the kettle to terminate the resinification reaction when the viscosity is 80-120 s.
4. Third sulfomethylation reaction
(1) After the resinification reaction is finished, adding the remaining sulfomethyl compound into the reactant, and simultaneously opening steam to heat;
(2) heating to boiling and refluxing, and reacting for 20-30 min at the temperature to complete three sulfomethylation reactions to obtain the sulfomethyl phenolic resin.
Example four: preparation of filtrate reducer for drilling fluid
1. Raw materials
Sulfonated resin: the sulfonated resin used in the present invention can be selected from copolymers of alkenyl sulfonic acids or derivatives thereof, sulfonated lignin, sulfomethyl phenolic resin, etc., the sulfomethyl phenolic resin prepared in the preferred embodiment of the present invention;
polymer crystallites: the polymer microcrystal is preferably modified microcrystalline cellulose, and the particle size of the modified microcrystalline cellulose is controlled within the range of 5-15 mu m;
polyaluminum chloride: CAS, 1327-41-9;
sodium carboxymethylcellulose;
calcium carbonate: the water content is lower than 5%, and the particle size is 40-50 nm.
2. Preparing filtrate reducer
Weighing the sulfonated resin, the polymer microcrystal, the polyaluminium chloride, the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and the calcium carbonate according to the formula ratio, uniformly mixing the polyaluminium chloride, the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and the calcium carbonate to obtain mixed powder A, heating the polymer microcrystal to 55-60 ℃, adding the heated polymer microcrystal and the mixed powder A into the sulfonated resin, and uniformly stirring to obtain the filtrate reducer. Four filtrate reducers with different mixture ratios are prepared, and the mixture ratio of the components is shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 component proportion relationship (in parts by mass) of different fluid loss additives
40g of calcium bentonite and 2g of anhydrous sodium carbonate are added into 1000mL of water, stirred at high speed for 20min, and sealed and maintained at room temperature for 24h to obtain the fresh water-based slurry. The obtained filtrate reducer was added to a fresh water-based slurry at an amount of 1 wt%, and the API water loss was measured, and the results are shown in table 2.
TABLE 2 fluid loss Effect of different fluid loss agents
As can be seen from table 2, the fluid loss control agent of the present invention can control the API fluid loss to be less than 8.4mL, and has a better fluid loss control effect than the fluid loss control agent in the prior art (the API fluid loss of the fluid loss control agent is 10 mL).
40g of calcium bentonite and 2g of anhydrous sodium carbonate are added into 1000mL of water, stirred at high speed for 20min, and sealed and maintained at room temperature for 24h to obtain the fresh water-based slurry. Adding the obtained filtrate reducer I into fresh water base slurry, wherein the addition amount is 1 wt%, aging the fresh water base slurry dissolved with the filtrate reducer I in a roller heating furnace for 16h, heating by using a high-temperature high-pressure filtrate reducer, measuring at 4.5MPa for 30min, and then measuring the rheological property and the API water loss. The results are shown in Table 3.
TABLE 3 fluid loss effect of fluid loss additive treated at different temperatures
As can be seen from Table 3, the filtrate reducer provided by the invention is subjected to high-temperature treatment at 150-210 ℃, and the change of the API filtrate loss is not large, so that the filtrate reducer provided by the invention has good temperature resistance.
Adding 40g of calcium bentonite and 2g of anhydrous sodium carbonate into 1000mL of water, stirring at a high speed for 20min, and maintaining in a closed manner at room temperature for 24h to obtain fresh water-based slurry; and adding NaCl with different masses into the prepared fresh water base slurry, stirring at a high speed for 20min, and maintaining in a closed manner at room temperature for 24h to obtain the saline water base slurry. The filtrate reducer one obtained was added to a fresh water-based slurry at an amount of 1 wt%, and the API water loss was measured, and the results are shown in table 4.
TABLE 4 fluid loss effect of fluid loss additives treated with different concentrations of salts
From table 4, it can be seen that the filtrate loss of the filtrate reducer of the present invention can be maintained below 10mL after the filtrate reducer is treated with NaCl of different concentrations, indicating that the filtrate reducer of the present invention has good salt tolerance.
While the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the embodiments, it should not be construed as limited to the scope of the patent. Various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art without inventive step within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (3)
1. The fluid loss additive for the drilling fluid is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by mass: 70-75 parts of sulfonated resin, 5-10 parts of polymer microcrystal, 1-3 parts of polyaluminium chloride, 5-10 parts of sodium carboxymethylcellulose and 3-5 parts of calcium carbonate; the polymer microcrystal is modified microcrystalline cellulose, and the particle size of the polymer microcrystal is 5-15 mu m; the sulfonated resin is sulfomethyl phenolic resin, and is prepared by the following steps:
s1: synthesizing a novolac resin and a sulfomethyl compound; the mass ratio of the linear phenolic resin to the sulfomethyl compound is 100: 115-120;
the synthesis of the novolac resin comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing phenol and formaldehyde according to the mass ratio of 100: 25-28, uniformly stirring, adding a hydrochloric acid solution with the concentration of 20%, wherein the liquid-material ratio of the added hydrochloric acid solution to the phenol is 0.8 multiplied by 10-3~1.0×10-31 mL/g; then heating to 65-70 ℃, and reacting at the temperature until boiling;
(2) after normal reflux, adding 20% hydrochloric acid solution into the reactant in four times, wherein the time interval of each acid addition is 3-5 min, and the liquid-material ratio of the hydrochloric acid solution to the phenol added each time is 0.4 multiplied by 10-3~0.6×10-3:1mL/g；
(3) After the reactant is changed into milk white from colorless, stirring, and reacting for 30min under the stirring condition to finish the preparation of the linear phenolic resin;
the synthetic method of the sulfomethyl compound comprises the following steps:
dissolving 155-160 parts by mass of sodium metabisulfite or potassium metabisulfite in 100 parts by mass of water, adding 29-30 parts by mass of formaldehyde into the solution, and standing at room temperature for 30 min; adding 42-44 parts by mass of formaldehyde into the solution, standing at room temperature for 1h, heating to 75 ℃, and stirring to react until the pH value of the solution is 6-7, thereby completing the preparation of the sulfomethyl compound;
s2: adding 20-25% of alkali liquor into the linear phenolic resin, wherein the mass ratio of the added alkali liquor to the linear phenolic resin is 0.6-0.7: 1, stirring for 20-30 min, adding a sulfomethyl compound accounting for 34-35% of the total mass, heating, stopping heating when the materials are clear from turbid, and continuously stirring for 1-1.5 h to complete primary sulfomethylation reaction;
s3: adding a sulfomethyl compound accounting for 34-35% of the total mass into the mixture after the primary sulfomethylation reaction, heating to boil and refluxing, and stirring at the temperature for reaction for 1-1.5 h to complete the secondary sulfomethylation reaction;
s4: adding formaldehyde into the mixture after the secondary sulfomethylation reaction, wherein the mass ratio of the added formaldehyde to the linear phenolic resin is 0.2-0.25: 1, stirring for reaction until the Turkey viscosity is 80-120 s, and adding water to terminate the resinification reaction;
s5: and adding the rest sulfomethyl compound into the reactant after the S4 resinification reaction, heating to boil and refluxing, and reacting for 20-30 min at the temperature to complete the three sulfomethylation reactions to obtain the sulfomethyl phenolic resin.
2. The fluid loss additive for drilling fluid as claimed in claim 1, which comprises the following components in parts by mass: 72 parts of sulfonated resin, 8 parts of polymer microcrystal, 2 parts of polyaluminium chloride, 8 parts of sodium carboxymethylcellulose and 3 parts of calcium carbonate.
3. The preparation method of the fluid loss additive for drilling fluid as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and uniformly mixing the polyaluminium chloride, the sodium carboxymethylcellulose and the calcium carbonate to obtain mixed powder A, heating the polymer microcrystal to 55-60 ℃, adding the heated polymer microcrystal and the mixed powder A into the sulfonated resin, and uniformly stirring to obtain the fluid loss additive.
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