CN110603701B - Power supply device for vehicle - Google Patents

Power supply device for vehicle Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110603701B
CN110603701B CN201880029200.6A CN201880029200A CN110603701B CN 110603701 B CN110603701 B CN 110603701B CN 201880029200 A CN201880029200 A CN 201880029200A CN 110603701 B CN110603701 B CN 110603701B
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China
Prior art keywords
conductive path
power supply
voltage
state
unit
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CN201880029200.6A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN110603701A (en
Inventor
川上贵史
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Sumitomo Wiring Systems Ltd
AutoNetworks Technologies Ltd
Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd
Original Assignee
Sumitomo Wiring Systems Ltd
AutoNetworks Technologies Ltd
Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd
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Publication of CN110603701A publication Critical patent/CN110603701A/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/32—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R16/00—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for
    • B60R16/02—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements
    • B60R16/03—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements for supply of electrical power to vehicle subsystems or for
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R16/00—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for
    • B60R16/02—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements
    • B60R16/03—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements for supply of electrical power to vehicle subsystems or for
    • B60R16/033—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements for supply of electrical power to vehicle subsystems or for characterised by the use of electrical cells or batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J1/00—Circuit arrangements for dc mains or dc distribution networks
    • H02J1/08—Three-wire systems; Systems having more than three wires
    • H02J1/084—Three-wire systems; Systems having more than three wires for selectively connecting the load or loads to one or several among a plurality of power lines or power sources
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J1/00—Circuit arrangements for dc mains or dc distribution networks
    • H02J1/10—Parallel operation of dc sources
    • H02J1/102—Parallel operation of dc sources being switching converters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/14—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from dynamo-electric generators driven at varying speed, e.g. on vehicle
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
    • H02J7/342—The other DC source being a battery actively interacting with the first one, i.e. battery to battery charging
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J9/00—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting
    • H02J9/04—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source
    • H02J9/06—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems
    • H02J9/061—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems for DC powered loads
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J9/00—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting
    • H02J9/04—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source
    • H02J9/06—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems
    • H02J9/068—Electronic means for switching from one power supply to another power supply, e.g. to avoid parallel connection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/156—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/156—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
    • H02M3/158—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
    • H02M3/1584—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load with a plurality of power processing stages connected in parallel
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2207/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J2207/20—Charging or discharging characterised by the power electronics converter
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2310/00—The network for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by its spatial reach or by the load
    • H02J2310/40—The network being an on-board power network, i.e. within a vehicle
    • H02J2310/46—The network being an on-board power network, i.e. within a vehicle for ICE-powered road vehicles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2310/00—The network for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by its spatial reach or by the load
    • H02J2310/40—The network being an on-board power network, i.e. within a vehicle
    • H02J2310/48—The network being an on-board power network, i.e. within a vehicle for electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/0003—Details of control, feedback or regulation circuits
    • H02M1/0009—Devices or circuits for detecting current in a converter
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/0067—Converter structures employing plural converter units, other than for parallel operation of the units on a single load
    • H02M1/008—Plural converter units for generating at two or more independent and non-parallel outputs, e.g. systems with plural point of load switching regulators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/32—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection
    • H02M1/325—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection with means for allowing continuous operation despite a fault, i.e. fault tolerant converters

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)
  • Control Of Charge By Means Of Generators (AREA)
  • Direct Current Feeding And Distribution (AREA)

Abstract

The power is stably supplied to the second load so that the influence of the power supply to the first load is suppressed, and when a predetermined abnormal state occurs, the power is supplemented from the power supply path side corresponding to the second load to the power supply path side corresponding to the first load. A power supply device (1) for a vehicle is provided with: a first power supply circuit (10) that converts a voltage applied to the first conductive path (41) and applies a voltage to the second conductive path (42); and second power supply circuits (20A, 20N) for converting the voltage applied to the first conductive path (41) and applying a voltage to the third conductive paths (43A, 43N), wherein switch sections (51A, 51N) are provided between the third conductive paths (43A, 43N) and the second conductive path (42). The control units (25A, 25N) turn off the switch units (51A, 51N) when at least one of the first power supply circuit (10) and the second conduction path (42) is not in a predetermined abnormal state, and turn on the switch units (51A, 51N) when the at least one of the first power supply circuit and the second conduction path is in the predetermined abnormal state.

Description

Power supply device for vehicle
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a power supply device for a vehicle.
Background
Patent document 1 discloses an in-vehicle power supply device (power supply circuit) including a step-down circuit that steps down a high voltage supplied from a vehicle power storage unit (high-voltage battery) and an alternator and is capable of supplying power to a low-voltage load and a second power storage unit (low-voltage battery). In this electric power supply circuit, during normal engine operation, the step-down circuit operates, and the high voltage output from the alternator is stepped down by the step-down circuit to a low voltage, and electric power is supplied to the low-voltage-system load, and the surplus electric power is stored in the second power storage unit (low-voltage battery).
Prior art documents
Patent document
Patent document 1: japanese patent laid-open No. 2001-352690
Disclosure of Invention
Problems to be solved by the invention
However, the vehicle power supply device (vehicle power supply circuit) disclosed in patent document 1 is provided such that all the low-voltage loads are electrically connected to the step-down circuit and the low-voltage battery, and therefore if a voltage drop occurs in this path for some reason, there is a problem that the supply voltage to all the low-voltage loads drops. There are some loads mounted on a vehicle that are allowed even if the supply voltage temporarily fluctuates largely, and there are also some loads that are desired to keep the supply voltage as unchanged as possible. For a load in which stability of a supply voltage is more important, it is required to secure a supply path with high stability and independence.
The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a power supply device for a vehicle, which can stably supply electric power to a second load so as to suppress an influence of the electric power supply to a first load, and can supplement the electric power from a power supply path side corresponding to the second load to the power supply path side corresponding to the first load (can supply the electric power from a third conductive path side to the second conductive path side) when a predetermined abnormal state occurs.
Means for solving the problems
A power supply device for a vehicle according to one aspect of the present invention includes:
a first conductive path that is a path to which electric power is supplied from the vehicle power storage unit;
a second conductive path electrically connected to one or more first loads;
one or more third conductive paths electrically connected to one or more second loads different from the first load;
a first power supply circuit that converts a voltage applied to the first conductive path and applies a voltage to the second conductive path;
one or more second power supply circuits that convert a voltage applied to the first conductive path and apply a voltage to the third conductive path;
at least one switch section provided between the third conductive path and the second conductive path, and switching between an off state in which the supply of electric power from the third conductive path side to the second conductive path side is cut off and an on state in which the supply of electric power from the third conductive path side to the second conductive path side is permitted; and
a control unit configured to turn off the switch unit when at least one of the first power supply circuit and the second conduction path is not in a predetermined abnormal state, and to turn on the switch unit when the at least one of the first power supply circuit and the second conduction path is in the predetermined abnormal state,
the second conductive path is electrically connected to a second power storage portion different from the vehicle power storage portion,
the vehicle power supply device includes a diode provided in parallel with the switch unit, and having an anode connected to the second conductive path side and a cathode connected to the third conductive path side,
when the control unit maintains the switch unit in an off state, the anode of the diode is in conduction with the second conduction path, and the cathode of the diode is in conduction with the third conduction path.
Effects of the invention
The power supply device for a vehicle includes: a first power supply circuit that converts a voltage applied to a first conduction path that is a path to which electric power is supplied from the vehicle power storage unit and applies the voltage to a second conduction path; and one or more second power supply circuits that convert the voltage applied to the first conductive path and apply a voltage to the third conductive path. With this configuration, power can be supplied to the first load through the second conductive path, and power can be supplied to the second load through the third conductive path.
The control unit operates as follows: the switch unit is turned off when at least one of the first power supply circuit and the second conductive path is not in a predetermined abnormal state, and is turned on when the at least one of the first power supply circuit and the second conductive path is in the predetermined abnormal state. In this way, when the abnormal state is not the predetermined abnormal state, the switch unit is turned off to cut off the supply of electric power from the third conductive path to the second conductive path, and therefore, even if a temporary voltage drop or the like occurs in the second conductive path, it is possible to prevent a current from flowing from the third conductive path to the second conductive path. Therefore, when the state is not in the predetermined abnormal state, the state on the second conductive path side hardly affects the third conductive path, and the state of the third conductive path is easily stably maintained.
On the other hand, when the predetermined abnormal state is reached, the switch section is turned on to allow the power supply from the third conductive path side to the second conductive path side. During the operation, even if the voltage or the current drops on the second conduction path side, the power can be supplied from the third conduction path side, and the drop of the voltage or the current can be suppressed.
The second power storage unit is configured to be able to supply electric power from the second power storage unit to the first load, and the second power storage unit is configured to be able to be charged with electric power supplied from the first power supply circuit. In this configuration, when the charging voltage of the second power storage unit decreases, the first load is easily affected by the decrease, but the influence of the decrease in the charging voltage is less likely to reach the second load electrically connected to the third conductive path.
In addition, the vehicle power supply device interrupts the current flowing from the third conductive path to the second conductive path when the control unit maintains the switch unit in the off state, but allows the current flowing from the second conductive path to the third conductive path to the diode. That is, even if the voltage applied to the third conductive path is greatly reduced with respect to the voltage applied to the second conductive path, the voltage of the third conductive path can be suppressed from being reduced by the current flowing from the second conductive path to the third conductive path via the diode. Thus, the third conductive path, which is a path for supplying power to the second load, is more easily stabilized.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a circuit diagram schematically showing a vehicle power supply system including a vehicle power supply device according to embodiment 1.
Fig. 2 is a circuit diagram, partially omitted, showing a power supply device for a vehicle according to embodiment 1.
Fig. 3 is a circuit diagram of the vehicle power supply device according to embodiment 1, in which portions different from those of fig. 2 are omitted.
Fig. 4 is a time chart illustrating the secular change of the voltage of the second conduction path with respect to the state of the first power supply circuit, the state of the second power supply circuit, the state of the switch section (first switch section), the state of the second switch section, and the state of the second switch section in the power supply device for a vehicle of embodiment 1.
Detailed Description
Preferred embodiments of the present invention are shown here.
The power supply device for a vehicle according to the present invention may further include a detection unit that detects a value of a voltage applied to the second conductive path or a value of a current flowing through the second conductive path. The first power supply circuit may include: a voltage conversion unit that converts a voltage applied to the first conductive path and generates a voltage applied to the second conductive path; and a driving unit that drives the voltage conversion unit so that a value of a voltage applied to the second conductive path or a value of a current flowing through the second conductive path becomes a target value. The control unit may turn the switch unit to the on state by setting, as a predetermined abnormal state, a case where the value of the voltage or the value of the current detected by the detection unit is lower than the target value by a predetermined value or more.
The vehicle power supply device switches the switch portion to the on state when the voltage or current of the second conduction path decreases to some extent, and operates to supplement electric power from the third conduction path side to the second conduction path side. Thus, even when a state occurs in which the voltage or current of the second conduction path decreases to some extent, the voltage or current of the second conduction path can be easily suppressed from decreasing.
In the power supply device for a vehicle according to the present invention, the second power supply circuit, the third conduction path, and the switch unit may be provided in plural. Further, each of the plurality of second power supply circuits may be connected to the plurality of third conductive paths, respectively. Each of the plurality of switching units may be provided between each of the plurality of third conductive paths and the second conductive path, and any one of the switching units may be operated so as to switch between an off state in which the supply of electric power from the corresponding third conductive path to the second conductive path side is interrupted and an on state in which the supply of electric power from the corresponding third conductive path to the second conductive path side is permitted.
The vehicle power supply device can supply power to each second load by each second power supply circuit, and easily and stably supply power to each second load so as to be less affected by a voltage drop or a current drop on the second conductive path side. On the other hand, when a predetermined abnormal state occurs, the plurality of switch portions are switched to the on state, and the power can be supplied from each third conductive path side to the second conductive path side. In this way, when a predetermined abnormal state occurs on the second conductive path side, since a plurality of paths for supplementing electric power are secured, the supply of electric power from the third conductive path side to the second conductive path side is easily performed more reliably and sufficiently.
The above-described power supply device for a vehicle, in which the diode is provided in parallel with the switch unit, may further include a second switch unit connected in series with the switch unit between the second conductive path and the third conductive path. The second switch unit may be configured to switch between an off state in which the power supply from the second conductive path side to the third conductive path side is interrupted and an on state in which the power supply from the second conductive path side to the third conductive path side is permitted. The control unit may operate as follows: the switch unit is turned off and the second switch unit is turned on when at least one of the first power supply circuit and the second conductive path is in a predetermined normal state, the switch unit is turned on when at least one of the first power supply circuit and the second conductive path is in a predetermined abnormal state, and the second switch unit is turned off when at least one of the first power supply circuit and the second conductive path is in a second abnormal state different from the predetermined normal state and the predetermined abnormal state.
In this power supply device for a vehicle, since the switch unit is turned off and the second switch unit is turned on in a predetermined normal state, the power supply from the third conductive path to the second conductive path is interrupted in the normal state, and the power supply from the second conductive path to the third conductive path can be performed via the diode provided in parallel with the switch unit and the second switch unit turned on. Therefore, in the normal state, the influence of the voltage drop on the second conductive path side is less likely to be exerted on the third conductive path side, and when the voltage drop on the third conductive path side occurs, power is supplemented from the second conductive path side.
When a predetermined abnormal state occurs, the switch unit is turned on, and therefore, the power supply from the third conductive path to the second conductive path is permitted. Thus, in the predetermined abnormal state, the electric power can be supplied from the third conductive path side to the second conductive path side.
When the second abnormal state occurs, the second switch unit is in the off state, and therefore, a state in which current flows from the second conductive path side to the third conductive path side via the diode provided in parallel with the switch unit can be cut off.
The control unit may set the second switch unit to the off state as the second abnormal state when the value of the voltage applied to the second conduction path is equal to or greater than a predetermined voltage threshold.
In this power supply device for a vehicle, when the voltage applied to the second conductive path is in an overvoltage state where the voltage is equal to or higher than a predetermined voltage threshold value, the second switch unit is turned off, and the current caused by the overvoltage can be shut off from flowing from the second conductive path to the third conductive path. This prevents the influence of the overvoltage from reaching the third conductive path when the second conductive path is in the overvoltage state.
< example 1>
Hereinafter, example 1 embodying the present invention will be described.
A power supply system 100 for a vehicle shown in fig. 1 (hereinafter, simply referred to as a power supply system 100) includes a first power storage unit 91 constituting a power storage unit for a vehicle, a second power storage unit 92 different from the first power storage unit 91, a power supply device 1 for a vehicle (hereinafter, simply referred to as a power supply device 1), and wiring units 71, 72, 73A, and 73N, and is configured as a system capable of supplying electric power to a first load 81 or second loads 82A and 82N mounted on a vehicle.
First power storage unit 91 corresponds to an example of a vehicle power storage unit, and is configured by a power storage cell such as a lithium ion battery or an electric double layer capacitor, for example, and generates a first predetermined voltage. For example, the high-potential side terminal of the first power storage unit 91 is kept at a potential of 48V, and the low-potential side terminal is kept at a ground potential (0V). The high-potential-side terminal of first power storage unit 91 is electrically connected to wiring unit 71 provided in the vehicle, and first power storage unit 91 applies a predetermined voltage to wiring unit 71. The low-potential-side terminal of the first power storage unit 91 is electrically connected to a ground in the vehicle. The wiring portion 71 is connected to the input side terminal P1 of the power supply device 1, and is electrically connected to the first conductive path 41 via the input side terminal P1.
Second power storage unit 92 is formed of a power storage cell such as a lead storage battery, for example, and generates a second predetermined voltage lower than the first predetermined voltage generated by first power storage unit 91. For example, the high potential side terminal of the second power storage unit 92 is held at 12V, and the low potential side terminal is held at the ground potential (0V). The high-potential-side terminal of second power storage unit 92 is electrically connected to wiring unit 72 provided in the vehicle, and second power storage unit 92 applies a predetermined voltage to wiring unit 72. The low-potential-side terminal of the second power storage unit 92 is electrically connected to a ground in the vehicle. The wiring portion 72 is connected to the output-side terminal P2 of the power supply device 1, and is electrically connected to the second conductive path 42 via the output-side terminal P2.
First load 81 is a load electrically connected to wiring unit 72, and receives electric power supply from power supply device 1 or second power storage unit 92 via wiring unit 72. As the first load 81, various known loads for vehicles can be used.
Second loads 82A and 82N are loads that are not electrically connected to wiring unit 72 connected to second power storage unit 92 but are electrically connected to other wiring units 73A and 73N, and receive power supply via these wiring units 73A and 73N. As the second loads 82A and 82N, various known loads for a vehicle can be used. The second loads 82A and 82N are different types of loads from the first load 81. The wiring portion 73A connected to the second load 82A is electrically connected to a third conductive path 43A described later via the output-side terminal P3, and the second load 82A can receive power supply from the second power supply circuit 20A via the third conductive path 43A and the wiring portion 73A. The wiring portion 73N connected to the second load 82N is electrically connected to a third conductive path 43N described later through the output-side terminal P4, and the second load 82N can receive power supply from the second power supply circuit 20N through the third conductive path 43N and the wiring portion 73N.
The power supply device 1 includes a first conductive path 41, a second conductive path 42, a plurality of third conductive paths 43A and 43N, a reference conductive path 3, a first power supply circuit 10, a plurality of second power supply circuits 20A and 20N, and a plurality of relay units Ra and Rn.
The first conduction path 41 is a path to which electric power is supplied from the first power storage unit 91 (vehicle power storage unit), and constitutes a power supply line as a primary side (high-voltage side) to which a relatively high voltage is applied. First conductive path 41 is electrically connected to the high potential side terminal of first power storage unit 91 via wiring portion 71, and a predetermined dc voltage is applied from first power storage unit 91. In the configuration of fig. 1, an input-side terminal P1 is provided at an end of the first conductive path 41, and a wiring portion 71 is connected to the input-side terminal P1.
The second conductive path 42 constitutes a power supply line as a secondary side (low voltage side) to which a relatively low voltage is applied, and is a path electrically connected to 1 or more first loads 81. Second conduction path 42 is electrically connected to the high-potential-side terminal of second power storage unit 92 via wiring unit 72, and a dc voltage smaller than the output voltage of first power storage unit 91 is applied from second power storage unit 92. In the configuration of fig. 1, an output-side terminal P2 is provided at an end of the second conductive path 42, and the wiring portion 72 is electrically connected to the output-side terminal P2.
The third conductive paths 43A and 43N are paths electrically connected to 1 or more second loads 82A and 82N different from the first load 81. The third conductive path 43A is electrically connected to the second load 82A via the wiring portion 73A. The third conductive path 43N is electrically connected to the second load 82N via the wiring portion 73N.
The reference conductive path 3 is formed as a wiring pattern, a metal layer, or a metal member provided on a wiring board on which the first power supply circuit 10, the second power supply circuits 20A and 20N, for example, are mounted, and is electrically connected to a ground portion in the vehicle.
Fig. 2 is a circuit diagram specifically showing the configuration of the power supply device 1, and some circuits (the second power supply circuit 20N and the like) are omitted. As shown in fig. 2, the first power supply circuit 10 is a vehicle step-down DCDC converter that is mounted in a vehicle and mainly includes a voltage conversion unit 11, a drive unit 15, a voltage detection unit 18, a current detection unit 19, and the like. The first power supply circuit 10 operates to step down a dc voltage (input voltage) applied to the first conductive path 41 and apply a desired dc voltage (output voltage) to the second conductive path 42. The voltage applied to the first conductive path 41 refers to the potential difference between the first conductive path 41 and the reference conductive path 3. The voltage applied to the second conductive path 42 refers to the potential difference between the second conductive path 42 and the reference conductive path 3.
The voltage conversion unit 11 includes: a high-voltage-side first element 12 provided between the first conductive path 41 and the second conductive path 42 and constituting a semiconductor switching element electrically connected to the first conductive path 41; a low-voltage-side second element 13 electrically connected between the first element 12 and a reference conductive path 3 (a conductive path held at a predetermined reference potential lower than the potential of the first conductive path 41) to constitute a semiconductor switching element; and an inductor 14 electrically connected between the second conductive path 42 and the first element 12 and the second element 13. The voltage converter 11 is a main part of a switching type step-down DCDC converter, and can perform a step-down operation of reducing a voltage applied to the first conductive path 41 and outputting the voltage to the second conductive path 42 by switching between an on operation and an off operation of the first element 12.
The first element 12 and the second element 13 both constitute an N-trench MOSFET, and the drain of the first element 12 on the high-voltage side is connected to one end of the first conductive path 41, and is also electrically connected to the high-potential-side terminal of the first power storage unit 91 via the first conductive path 41 and the wiring unit 71 (fig. 1). The source of the first element 12 is electrically connected to the drain of the second element 13 on the low voltage side and one end of the inductor 14. A drive signal and a non-drive signal from a drive circuit 17 provided in the drive unit 15 are input to the gate of the first element 12, and the first element 12 is switched between an on state and an off state in accordance with the signal from the drive unit 15. The source of the second element 13 on the low voltage side is electrically connected to the reference conductive path 3 and is held at the ground potential. A drive signal and a non-drive signal from the drive unit 15 are also input to the gate of the second element 13, and the second element 13 is switched between an on state and an off state in accordance with the signal from the drive unit 15. The inductor 14 has one end connected to a connection portion between the first element 12 and the second element 13, the one end being electrically connected to the source of the first element 12 and the drain of the second element 13. The other end of inductor 14 is electrically connected to second conductive path 42.
The voltage detector 18 is electrically connected to the second conductive path 42 and configured to input a value corresponding to the voltage at a predetermined position of the second conductive path 42 to the control circuit 16. The voltage detection unit 18 may be any known voltage detection circuit that can input a value indicating the voltage of the second conductive path 42 (the voltage at the connection position of the voltage detection unit 18) to the control circuit 16, and may be configured to directly input the voltage value of the second conductive path 42 to the control circuit 16 as shown in fig. 2, or may be configured to be a voltage division circuit that divides the voltage of the second conductive path 42 and inputs the divided voltage to the control circuit 16.
The current detection unit 19 includes a resistor 19A and a detection circuit 19B, and outputs a value indicating the current flowing through the second conductive path 42 (specifically, an analog voltage corresponding to the value of the current flowing through the second conductive path 42). The detection circuit 19B is configured as, for example, a differential amplifier, and a voltage drop generated in the resistor 19A by the output current from the voltage conversion unit 11 is amplified by the detection circuit 19B (differential amplifier) to be a detection voltage (analog voltage) corresponding to the output current, and is input to the control circuit 16. The detection voltage (analog voltage) is converted into a digital value by an a/D converter (not shown) provided in the control circuit 16.
The drive unit 15 includes a control circuit 16 and a drive circuit 17. The control circuit 16 is configured as, for example, a microcomputer, and includes a CPU that performs various arithmetic processes, a ROM that stores information such as programs, a RAM that stores temporarily generated information, an a/D converter that converts an input analog voltage into a digital value, and the like.
When the voltage conversion unit 11 performs the step-down operation, the control circuit 16 performs a feedback operation so that the voltage of the second conduction path 42 approaches a set target value while detecting the voltage of the second conduction path 42 (the potential difference between the second conduction path 42 and the reference conduction path 3) by the voltage detection unit 18, and generates a PWM signal. That is, the duty ratio is adjusted as follows: if the voltage of the second conductive path 42 detected by the voltage detection unit 18 is smaller than the target value, the duty ratio is increased by feedback calculation so as to approach the target value, and if the voltage of the second conductive path 42 detected by the voltage detection unit 18 is larger than the target value, the duty ratio is decreased by feedback calculation so as to approach the target value.
The drive circuit 17 applies an on signal for alternately turning on the first element 12 and the second element 13 in each control cycle to the gates of the first element 12 and the second element 13 based on the PWM signal supplied from the control circuit 16. The on signal applied to the gate of the first element 12 is given an on signal whose phase is substantially inverted with respect to the on signal given to the gate of the second element 13 and whose so-called dead time is secured.
As shown in fig. 2, the second power supply circuit 20A is also configured as a vehicle step-down DCDC converter similar to the first power supply circuit 10. The second power supply circuit 20A mainly includes the voltage conversion unit 21A, the control unit 25A, the voltage detection unit 28A, the current detection unit 29A, and the like, and operates to step down a dc voltage (input voltage) applied to the first conductive path 41 and apply a desired dc voltage (output voltage) to the third conductive path 43A in the same basic configuration or basic operation as the first power supply circuit 10. The voltage applied to the third conductive path 43A refers to the potential difference between the third conductive path 43A and the reference conductive path 3.
The voltage conversion unit 21A includes: a first element 22A provided between the first conductive path 41 and the third conductive path 43A and constituting a high voltage side as a semiconductor switching element electrically connected to the first conductive path 41; a second element 23A constituting a low voltage side as a semiconductor switching element electrically connected between the first element 22A and the reference conductive path 3; an inductor 24A electrically connected between the third conductive path 43A and the first and second elements 22A and 23A. The first element 22A and the second element 23A both constitute an N-trench MOSFET.
The voltage detector 18 is electrically connected to the third conductive path 43A and configured to input a value corresponding to the voltage at a predetermined position of the third conductive path 43A to the control circuit 26A. The voltage detection unit 28A constitutes a known voltage detection circuit capable of inputting a value indicating the voltage of the third conductive path 43A (the voltage at the connection position of the voltage detection unit 28A) to the control circuit 26A. The current detection unit 29A includes a resistor 30A and a detection circuit 31A, and outputs a value indicating a current flowing through the third conductive path 43A (specifically, an analog voltage corresponding to the value of the current flowing through the third conductive path 43A). The detection circuit 31A is configured as, for example, a differential amplifier, and a voltage drop generated in the resistor 30A by the output current from the voltage conversion unit 21A is amplified by the detection circuit 31A (differential amplifier) to be a detection voltage (analog voltage) corresponding to the output current, and is input to the control circuit 26A.
The control unit 25A includes a control circuit 26A and a drive circuit 27A. The control circuit 26A is configured as a microcomputer, for example, and includes a CPU, a ROM, a RAM, an a/D converter, and the like. When the voltage conversion unit 21A performs the step-down operation, the control circuit 26A performs a feedback operation so that the voltage of the third conduction path 43A approaches a set target value while detecting the voltage of the third conduction path 43A (the potential difference between the third conduction path 43A and the reference conduction path 3) by the voltage detection unit 28A, and generates a PWM signal. The drive circuit 27A applies an on signal for alternately turning on the first element 22A and the second element 23A in each control cycle to the gates of the first element 22A and the second element 23A based on the PWM signal supplied from the control circuit 26A.
As shown in fig. 1, a circuit having the same configuration as that of the second power supply circuit 20A described above is provided in parallel to the second power supply circuit 20A in the power supply device 1. The second power supply circuit 20N is also configured as a vehicle step-down DCDC converter similar to the first power supply circuit 10 and the second power supply circuit 20A.
Fig. 3 is a circuit diagram specifically showing the configuration of the power supply device 1, and some circuits (the second power supply circuit 20A and the like) are omitted. The second power supply circuit 20N mainly includes a voltage conversion unit 21N, a control unit 25N, a voltage detection unit 28N, a current detection unit 29N, and the like, and operates to step down a dc voltage (input voltage) applied to the first conductive path 41 and apply a desired dc voltage (output voltage) to the third conductive path 43N in the same basic configuration or basic operation as the first power supply circuit 10 or the second power supply circuit 20A. The voltage applied to the third conductive path 43N refers to the potential difference between the third conductive path 43N and the reference conductive path 3.
The voltage conversion unit 21N includes: a first element 22N provided between the first conductive path 41 and the third conductive path 43N and constituting a high voltage side as a semiconductor switching element electrically connected to the first conductive path 41; a second element 23N constituting a low voltage side as a semiconductor switching element electrically connected between the first element 22N and the reference conductive path 3; and an inductor 24N electrically connected between the third conductive path 43N and the first element 22N and the second element 23N. The first element 22N and the second element 23N both constitute an N-trench MOSFET.
The voltage detector 18 is electrically connected to the third conductive path 43N and configured to input a value corresponding to the voltage at the predetermined position of the third conductive path 43N to the control circuit 26N. The voltage detector 28N constitutes a known voltage detection circuit capable of inputting a value indicating the voltage of the third conductive path 43N (the voltage at the connection position of the voltage detector 28N) to the control circuit 26N. The current detection unit 29N includes a resistor 30N and a detection circuit 31N, and outputs a value indicating a current flowing through the third conductive path 43N (specifically, an analog voltage corresponding to the value of the current flowing through the third conductive path 43N). The detection circuit 31N is configured as, for example, a differential amplifier, and a voltage drop generated in the resistor 30N by the output current from the voltage conversion unit 21N is amplified by the detection circuit 31N (differential amplifier) to be a detection voltage (analog voltage) corresponding to the output current, and is input to the control circuit 26N.
The control unit 25N includes a control circuit 26N and a drive circuit 27N. The control circuit 26N is configured as a microcomputer, for example, and includes a CPU, a ROM, a RAM, an a/D converter, and the like. When the voltage converter 21N performs the step-down operation, the control circuit 26N performs a feedback operation so that the voltage of the third conductive path 43N approaches a set target value while detecting the voltage of the third conductive path 43N (the potential difference between the third conductive path 43N and the reference conductive path 3) by the voltage detector 28N, and generates a PWM signal. The drive circuit 27N applies an on signal for alternately turning on the first element 22N and the second element 23N in each control cycle to the gates of the first element 22N and the second element 23N based on the PWM signal supplied from the control circuit 26N.
In this way, the plurality of second power supply circuits 20A and 20N are provided in parallel in the power supply device 1, each of which functions as a step-down DCDC converter of a synchronous rectification method and operates to convert a voltage applied to the first conductive path 41 and apply a desired voltage to the corresponding third conductive path. The second power supply circuit 20A reduces the dc voltage (input voltage) applied to the first conductive path 41 by switching the on operation and the off operation of the low-voltage side second element 23A in synchronization with the operation of the high-voltage side first element 22A, and applies a desired dc voltage (output voltage) to the third conductive path 43A. Similarly, the second power supply circuit 20N reduces the dc voltage (input voltage) applied to the first conductive path 41 by switching the on operation and the off operation of the second element 23N on the low voltage side in synchronization with the operation of the first element 22N on the high voltage side, and applies a desired dc voltage (output voltage) to the third conductive path 43N.
As shown in fig. 1, in the power supply device 1, the first power supply circuit 10 is connected to the second conductive path 42, and each of the plurality of second power supply circuits 20A and 20N is connected to the plurality of third conductive paths 43A and 43N, respectively. Relay units Ra and Rn are provided in respective paths between the second conductive path 42 and each of the plurality of third conductive paths 43A and 43N, and switch units 51A and 51N are interposed in the respective paths.
The relay unit Ra includes a MOSFET50A partially functioning as the switch unit 51A and a MOSFET60A partially functioning as the second switch unit 62A, and the MOSFET50A and the MOSFET60A are connected in series between the second conductive path 42 and the third conductive path 43A.
The MOSFET50A is configured as an N-trench MOSFET, and has a source electrically connected to the second conductive path 42 and a drain electrically connected to the drain of the MOSFET 60A. Diode 53A is the body diode of MOSFET50A, with the anode electrically connected to second conductive path 42 and the cathode electrically connected to the drain of MOSFET60A and the cathode of diode 63A. The portion other than the diode 53A in the MOSFET50A is a switch section 51A. The switch portion 51A is provided between the third conductive path 43A and the second conductive path 42, and switches between an off state in which the supply of electric power from the third conductive path 43A side to the second conductive path 42 side is cut off and an on state in which the supply of electric power from the third conductive path 43A side to the second conductive path 42 side is allowed.
The MOSFET60A is configured as an N-trench MOSFET, and the source is electrically connected to the third conductive path 43A and the drain is electrically connected to the drain of the MOSFET 50A. Diode 63A is the body diode of MOSFET60A, with the anode electrically connected to third conductive path 43A and the cathode electrically connected to the drain of MOSFET50A and the cathode of diode 53A. The portion other than the diode 63A in the MOSFET60A is a second switching section 62A. The second switch 62A is connected in series to the switch 51A between the second conductive path 42 and the third conductive path 43A, and switches between an off state in which the supply of electric power from the second conductive path 42 to the third conductive path 43A side is cut off and an on state in which the supply of electric power from the second conductive path 42 to the third conductive path 43A side is allowed.
The relay unit Rn has the same configuration as the relay unit Ra, and functions similarly to the relay unit Ra. The relay unit Rn includes a MOSFET50N partially functioning as a switch unit 51N and a MOSFET60N partially functioning as a second switch unit 62N, and the MOSFET50N and the MOSFET60N are connected in series between the second conductive path 42 and the third conductive path 43N. A portion other than the diode 53N (body diode) in the MOSFET50N is a switch section 51N. A portion other than the diode 63N in the MOSFET60N is a second switching section 62N.
Next, the control performed by the power supply device 1 will be described in detail.
In the power supply system 100 shown in fig. 1, when a start switch (e.g., an ignition switch), not shown, for starting the vehicle is in an on state, an on signal (e.g., an ignition on signal) is given from the external device to the power supply device 1, and when the start switch is in an off state, an off signal (e.g., an ignition off signal) is given from the external device to the power supply device 1. In the example of fig. 4, the time when the signal input to the power supply device 1 is switched from the off signal (signal indicating that the starter switch is in the off state) to the on signal (signal indicating that the starter switch is in the on state) is time t1.
In the example shown in fig. 4, the driving unit 15 of the first power supply circuit 10 starts the driving of the voltage converting unit 11 under the condition that the signal applied from the outside to the power supply device 1 is switched from the off signal to the on signal, and performs the voltage converting operation. The first power supply circuit 10 functions as a step-down DCDC converter of a synchronous rectification method, and by switching the on operation and the off operation of the second element 13 on the low voltage side and the operation of the first element 12 on the high voltage side in synchronization with each other under the control of the driving unit 15, a dc voltage (input voltage) applied to the first conductive path 41 is stepped down, and a desired dc voltage (output voltage) is applied to the second conductive path 42. The magnitude of the direct current voltage (output voltage) applied to the second conduction path 42 is determined according to the duty ratio of the PWM signal given to the gate of the first element 12. In the example of fig. 1, the respective instruction values of the target voltage and the target current are input to the driving unit 15 from an external ECU102 (control ECU) provided outside the power supply device 1. When the driving unit 15 is in the predetermined normal state, the voltage converting unit 11 is caused to perform the step-down operation by repeating the feedback operation to adjust the duty ratio of the PWM signal so that the voltage value and the current value of the second conduction path 42 are brought close to the target voltage value and the target current value instructed from the external ECU102, based on the voltage value and the current value of the second conduction path 42 monitored by the voltage detecting unit 18, the current detecting unit 19, and the control circuit 16. The control for bringing the output voltage value and the output current value of the voltage converting unit 11 close to the target voltage value and the target current value based on the voltage value and the current value detected by the output side conductive path (second conductive path 42) may be any of various known controls.
When the predetermined condition is satisfied, drive unit 15 limits either or both of the target voltage value and the target current value to be smaller than a value instructed from external ECU 102. For example, when the predetermined condition is satisfied, the voltage value of either one of the first conductive path 41 and the second conductive path 42 may be equal to or higher than a predetermined voltage value, the current value of either one of the first conductive path 41 and the second conductive path 42 may be equal to or higher than a predetermined current value, or the temperature at a predetermined position of the power supply device 1 may be equal to or higher than a predetermined temperature. When such a predetermined condition is satisfied, either one or both of the target voltage value and the target current value are limited to be smaller than a value instructed from external ECU 102.
In this way, the drive unit 15 sets the target voltage value and the target current value to values instructed from the external ECU102 (control ECU) in a normal state, and limits either one or both of the target voltage value and the target current value to be smaller than the values instructed from the external ECU102 when a predetermined condition is satisfied. In any case, the target voltage value and the target current value are set, and the voltage value and the current value of the second conductive path 42 are controlled by the driving unit 15 so as to be close to the target voltage value and the target current value based on the voltage value (actual voltage value) and the current value (actual current value) of the second conductive path 42 detected by the voltage detecting unit 18, the current detecting unit 19, and the control circuit 16.
Similarly, the control units 25A and 25N of the second power supply circuits 20A and 20N start driving of the voltage conversion units 21A and 21N on the condition that a signal applied from the outside to the power supply device 1 is switched from an off signal to an on signal, and perform a voltage conversion operation. The second power supply circuits 20A and 20N also function as step-down DCDC converters of a synchronous rectification method. The second power supply circuit 20A shown in fig. 2 steps down the dc voltage (input voltage) applied to the first conductive path 41 and applies a desired dc voltage (output voltage) to the third conductive path 43A under the control of the control unit 25A. The magnitude of the direct current voltage (output voltage) applied to the third conductive path 43A is determined according to the duty ratio of the PWM signal given to the gate of the first element 22A. The second power supply circuit 20N shown in fig. 3 steps down the dc voltage (input voltage) applied to the first conductive path 41 and applies a desired dc voltage (output voltage) to the third conductive path 43N under the control of the control unit 25N. The magnitude of the direct-current voltage (output voltage) applied to the third conductive path 43N is determined according to the duty ratio of the PWM signal given to the gate of the first element 22N.
The control circuit 16 of the driving unit 15 shown in fig. 2 is set to a normal state when a difference between the voltage value (actual voltage value) of the second conductive path 42 detected by the voltage detecting unit 18 and the target voltage value during setting is smaller than a predetermined first value and a difference between the current value (actual current value) of the second conductive path 42 detected by the current detecting unit 19 and the target current value during setting is smaller than a predetermined second value, and outputs a predetermined normal signal to the control circuit 26A of the second power supply circuit 20A and the control circuit 26N of the second power supply circuit 20N. On the other hand, when the voltage value (actual voltage value) of the second conduction path 42 detected by the voltage detection unit 18 is lower than the target voltage value during setting and the difference therebetween is equal to or larger than the first value, or when the current value (actual current value) of the second conduction path 42 detected by the current detection unit 19 is lower than the target current value during setting and the difference therebetween is equal to or larger than the second value, the control circuit 16 outputs the first abnormality signal to the control circuit 26A of the second power supply circuit 20A and the control circuit 26N of the second power supply circuit 20N. In the example of fig. 4, the output of the first power supply circuit 10 is stopped at time t2 for some reason, and the first abnormality signal is output at time t 3. Then, when the voltage value (actual voltage value) of the second conduction path 42 detected by the voltage detection unit 18 is equal to or greater than the predetermined voltage threshold value (in the case of the second abnormal state), the control circuit 16 outputs a second abnormal signal to the control circuit 26A of the second power supply circuit 20A and the control circuit 26N of the second power supply circuit 20N.
When a normal signal is output from the control circuit 16 after the start of driving of the voltage conversion unit 21A (that is, when the first power supply circuit 10 and the second conduction path 42 are in a predetermined normal state), the control unit 25A of the second power supply circuit 20A turns off the switch unit 51A (first switch unit) and turns on the second switch unit 62A. In the example of fig. 4, during the period from time t1 to time t3, the switch portion 51A (first switch portion) is in the off state, and the second switch portion 62A is in the on state, so that the flow of current from the third conductive path 43A side to the second conductive path 42 side is cut off. When the potential of the third conductive path 43A is lower than the potential of the second conductive path 42 to some extent, a current flows through the diode 53A and the second switch 62A, and a drop in the potential of the third conductive path 43A can be suppressed. Then, the control unit 25N of the second power supply circuit 20N operates in the same manner, and when a normal signal is output from the control circuit 16 after the start of driving of the voltage conversion unit 21N, the switch unit 51N (first switch unit) is turned off and the second switch unit 62N is turned on, the flow of current from the third conductive path 43N to the second conductive path 42 is interrupted, and when the potential of the third conductive path 43N is lower than the potential of the second conductive path 42 to some extent, current flows through the diode 53N and the second switch unit 62N.
When the first abnormal signal is output from the control circuit 16 after the start of driving of the voltage converting unit 21A (that is, when the voltage value of the second conduction path 42 detected by the detecting unit 5 is lower than the target voltage value by a first value or more, or when the current value of the second conduction path 42 detected by the detecting unit 5 is lower than the target current value by a second value or more), the control unit 25A of the second power supply circuit 20A turns on the switch unit 51A (first switch unit) and maintains the second switch unit 62A in the on state. Similarly, when the first abnormal signal is output from the control circuit 16 after the start of driving of the voltage conversion unit 21N, the control unit 25N of the second power supply circuit 20N turns on the switch unit 51N (first switch unit), and the second switch unit 62N is also maintained in the on state. In this way, when the output to the second conductive path 42 decreases, the switch portions 51A and 51N are switched to the on state, and thus a part of the power supplied from the second power supply circuits 20A and 20N is supplemented to the second conductive path 42. In the example of fig. 4, the first abnormality signal is output from the control circuit 16 during a period from time t3 to time t 4. After time t4, the first abnormal signal is canceled, and a normal signal is output from time t4 to time t 5.
When the second abnormal signal is output from the control circuit 16 after the start of driving of the voltage converting unit 21A (that is, when the voltage value of the second conduction path 42 detected by the detecting unit 5 is equal to or greater than the predetermined voltage threshold value (in the case of the second abnormal state)), the control unit 25A of the second power supply circuit 20A turns off the switch unit 51A (first switch unit) and also turns off the second switch unit 62A. Similarly, when the second abnormal signal is output from the control circuit 16 after the start of driving of the voltage conversion unit 21N, the control unit 25N of the second power supply circuit 20N turns off the switch unit 51N (first switch unit) and also turns off the second switch unit 62N. In this way, when the second conductive path 42 is in the overvoltage state, the second switch portions 62A and 62N are switched to the off state, and therefore the influence of the overvoltage of the second conductive path 42 does not reach the third conductive paths 43A and 43N, and the third conductive paths 43A and 43N can be prevented from becoming the overvoltage. In the example of fig. 4, the second abnormality signal is output from the control circuit 16 during a period from time t5 to time t 6.
The effects of this configuration are exemplified below.
The vehicle power supply device 1 includes: a first power supply circuit 10 that converts a voltage applied to a first conduction path 41 and applies a voltage to a second conduction path 42, the first conduction path 41 being a path to which electric power is supplied from a first power storage unit 91 (vehicle power storage unit); and second power supply circuits 20A and 20N for converting the voltage applied to the first conductive path 41 and applying a voltage to the third conductive paths 43A and 43N. With this configuration, power can be supplied to the first load 81 through the second conductive path 42, and power can be supplied to the second loads 82A and 82N through the third conductive paths 43A and 43N.
Further, when at least one of the first power supply circuit 10 and the second conduction path 42 is in a predetermined abnormal state, the control units 25A and 25N turn on the switches 51A and 51N, and when not, turn off the switches 51A and 51N. In this way, when the abnormal state is not specified, the switch portions 51A and 51N are turned off to cut off the supply of electric power from the third conductive paths 43A and 43N to the second conductive path 42 side, and therefore, even if a temporary voltage drop or the like occurs in the second conductive path 42, the flow of electric current from the third conductive paths 43A and 43N to the second conductive path 42 side can be prevented. Therefore, when the state is not in the predetermined abnormal state, the state on the second conductive path 42 side hardly affects the third conductive paths 43A and 43N, and the states of the third conductive paths 43A and 43N are easily and stably maintained. On the other hand, when the predetermined abnormal state is reached, the switches 51A and 51N are turned on to allow the supply of electric power from the third conductive paths 43A and 43N to the second conductive path 42. During such an operation, even if the voltage or the current drops on the second conductive path 42 side, the power can be supplied from the third conductive paths 43A and 43N side, and the drop of the voltage or the current can be suppressed.
Second conduction path 42 is electrically connected to second power storage unit 92 different from first power storage unit 91 (vehicle power storage unit). In this configuration, electric power can be supplied from second power storage unit 92 to first load 81, and second power storage unit 92 can be charged with electric power supplied from first power supply circuit 10. In this configuration, when the charging voltage of second power storage unit 92 decreases, first load 81 is easily affected by the decrease, but the effect of the decrease in the charging voltage is less likely to reach second loads 82A and 82N electrically connected to third conductive paths 43A and 43N.
The power supply device 1 for a vehicle includes a detection unit 5 that detects a value of a voltage applied to the second conductive path 42 or a value of a current flowing through the second conductive path 42. Specifically, the voltage detector 18, the current detector 19, and the control circuit 16 constitute the detector 5. The first power supply circuit 10 further includes: a voltage conversion unit 11 that converts a voltage applied to the first conductive path 41 to generate a voltage applied to the second conductive path 42; and a driving unit 15 that drives the voltage conversion unit 11 so that the value of the voltage applied to the second conductive path 42 or the value of the current flowing through the second conductive path 42 becomes a target value. Control units 25A and 25N operate switches 51A and 51N in the on state when a voltage value or a current value detected by detection unit 5 is lower than a target value by a predetermined value or more as a predetermined abnormal state. When the voltage value or the current value of the second conductive path 42 drops to some extent, the vehicle power supply device 1 switches the switches 51A and 51N to the on state, and operates to supplement electric power from the third conductive paths 43A and 43N to the second conductive path 42. Thus, even when the voltage value or the current value of the second conductive path 42 decreases to some extent, the voltage decrease or the current decrease of the second conductive path 42 is easily suppressed.
The vehicle power supply device 1 includes a plurality of second power supply circuits 20A and 20N, a plurality of third conductive paths 43A and 43N, and a plurality of switches 51A and 51N, respectively. Each of the plurality of second power supply circuits 20A and 20N is connected to each of the plurality of third conductive paths 43A and 43N, and each of the plurality of switch units 51A and 51N is provided between each of the plurality of third conductive paths 43A and 43N and the second conductive path 42. Both the switches 51A and 51N operate to switch between an off state in which the supply of power from the corresponding third conductive path side to the second conductive path 42 side is cut off and an on state in which the supply of power from the corresponding third conductive path side to the second conductive path 42 side is allowed. This power supply device 1 for a vehicle can supply power to the second loads 82A, 82N through the second power supply circuits 20A, 20N, and can easily and stably supply power to the second loads 82A, 82N so as to be less susceptible to a voltage drop or a current drop on the second conduction path 42 side. On the other hand, when a predetermined abnormal state occurs, the plurality of switches 51A and 51N are switched to the on state, and the power can be supplied from the third conductive paths 43A and 43N to the second conductive path 42 side. In this way, when a predetermined abnormal state occurs on the second conductive path 42 side, since a plurality of paths for supplementing electric power are secured, the supply of electric power from the third conductive paths 43A, 43N to the second conductive path 42 side is easily performed more reliably and sufficiently.
The vehicle power supply device 1 includes diodes 53A and 53N, and the diodes 53A and 53N are provided in parallel with the switch portion, and have an anode connected to the second conductive path 42 side and a cathode connected to the third conductive path side. When control units 25A and 25N maintain switches 51A and 51N in the off state, the anodes of diodes 53A and 53N are electrically connected to second conductive path 42, and the cathodes are electrically connected to third conductive paths 43A and 43N, respectively. In this power supply device for a vehicle 1, when the control units 25A and 25N maintain the switch units 51A and 51N in the off state, the current flowing from the third conductive paths 43A and 43N side to the second conductive path 42 side is cut off, but the current flowing from the second conductive path 42 side to the third conductive paths 43A and 43N side is allowed by the diodes 53A and 53N. That is, even if the voltage applied to the third conductive paths 43A and 43N is greatly reduced relative to the voltage applied to the second conductive path 42, the voltage of the third conductive paths 43A and 43N can be suppressed from being reduced by the current flowing from the second conductive path 42 to the third conductive paths 43A and 43N via the diodes 53A and 53N. This makes it easier to stabilize the third conductive paths 43A and 43N, which are paths for supplying power to the second loads 82A and 82N.
In the power supply device 1 for a vehicle, second switch units 62A and 62N are provided in series with the switch units 51A and 51N, respectively, between the second conductive path 42 and each of the third conductive paths 43A and 43N, respectively. The second switches 62A and 62N are configured to switch between an off state in which the supply of power from the second conductive path 42 to the third conductive paths 43A and 43N is cut off and an on state in which the supply of power from the second conductive path 42 to the third conductive paths 43A and 43N is allowed. The control units 25A and 25N operate as follows: when the first power supply circuit 10 and the second conduction path 42 are in a predetermined normal state, the switches 51A and 51N are turned off and the switches 62A and 62N are turned on, when the first power supply circuit is in a predetermined abnormal state, the switches 51A and 51N are turned on, and when the first power supply circuit is in a second abnormal state different from the predetermined normal state and the predetermined abnormal state, the switches 62A and 62N are turned off. In this vehicle power supply device 1, since the switches 51A and 51N are turned off and the switches 62A and 62N are turned on in a predetermined normal state, the power supply from the third conductive paths 43A and 43N to the second conductive path 42 side is cut off in the normal state, and the power supply from the second conductive path 42 side to the third conductive paths 43A and 43N side can be realized via the diodes 53A and 53N provided in parallel with the switches 51A and 51N and the switches 62A and 62N in the on state. Therefore, in the normal state, the influence of the voltage drop on the second conductive path 42 side is less likely to be applied to the third conductive paths 43A and 43N side, and when the voltage drops on the third conductive paths 43A and 43N side, power is supplied from the second conductive path 42 side. On the other hand, when a predetermined abnormal state occurs, the switches 51A and 51N are turned on, and thus the supply of electric power from the third conductive paths 43A and 43N to the second conductive path 42 side is permitted. Accordingly, in a predetermined abnormal state, electric power can be supplemented from the third conductive paths 43A and 43N to the second conductive path 42. When the second abnormal state occurs, the second switches 62A and 62N are turned off, and thus the current can be cut off from flowing from the second conductive path 42 to the third conductive paths 43A and 43N through the diodes 53A and 53N provided in parallel with the switches 51A and 51N.
The control units 25A and 25N set the second switch units 62A and 62N in the off state as the second abnormal state when the value of the voltage applied to the second conductive path 42 is equal to or greater than the predetermined voltage threshold value. In this power supply device for a vehicle 1, when the voltage applied to the second conductive path 42 is in an overvoltage state where the voltage is equal to or higher than a predetermined voltage threshold value, the second switch portions 62A and 62N are turned off, and the current caused by the overvoltage can be blocked from flowing from the second conductive path 42 to the third conductive paths 43A and 43N. This prevents the influence of the overvoltage from reaching the third conductive paths 43A and 43N when the second conductive path 42 is in the overvoltage state.
< other examples >
The present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above with reference to the drawings, and the following embodiments are included in the technical scope of the present invention. Further, the features of the above-described embodiments or those of the embodiments described later can be variously combined within a range not to be contradictory.
In embodiment 1, the configuration in which 2 second power supply circuits 20A and 20N are provided is exemplified, but the number of second power supply circuits may be 1, or may be 3 or more.
In embodiment 1, the first power supply circuit 10 and the second power supply circuits 20A and 20N are step-down DCDC converters, but may be step-up DCDC converters. Alternatively, the dc-dc converter may be configured to operate as a step-up/down dc converter.
In embodiment 1, the configuration in which the abnormality signal is output from the control circuit 16 of the first power supply circuit 10 is illustrated, but the control units 25A and 25N (specifically, the control circuits 26A and 26N) of the second power supply circuits 20A and 20N may be configured to be able to acquire information (specifically, information of the target voltage value and the target current value in the setting, and information of the voltage value and the current value detected by the detection unit 5) from the control circuit 16, respectively. In this case, the control units 25A and 25N may perform the above-described operation (the operation when the normal signal is output) in a normal state in which the difference between the voltage value (actual voltage value) of the second conductive path 42 and the target voltage value is smaller than a predetermined first value and the difference between the current value (actual current value) of the second conductive path 42 and the target current value is smaller than a predetermined second value. In addition, both of the control units 25A and 25N may perform the above-described operation (the operation when the first abnormality signal is output) by setting, as a predetermined abnormal state, a case where the voltage value (actual voltage value) of the second conduction path 42 is lower than the target voltage value and the difference therebetween is equal to or larger than the first value, or a case where the current value (actual current value) of the second conduction path 42 is lower than the target current value and the difference therebetween is equal to or larger than the second value. Both of the control units 25A and 25N may perform the above-described operation (operation when outputting the second abnormal signal) with the voltage value (actual voltage value) of the second conductive path 42 being equal to or greater than the predetermined voltage threshold value as the second abnormal state.
In embodiment 1, the first power supply circuit 10 and the second power supply circuits 20A and 20N are single-phase DCDC converters, but any or all of them may be multi-phase DCDC converters.
In example 1, the configuration in which the second power storage unit 92 is electrically connected to the second conduction path 42 serving as the output side is exemplified, but the second power storage unit 92 may not be electrically connected to the second conduction path 42.
In embodiment 1, the first power supply circuit 10 and the second power supply circuits 20A and 20N are both configured as a step-down DCDC converter of a synchronous rectification method in which the second element constitutes a switching element, but may be configured as a diode-type step-down DCDC converter in which the second element constitutes a diode (a diode having a cathode connected to the first element side and an anode connected to the reference conductive path side).
Description of the reference symbols
1 … power supply device for vehicle
5 … detection unit
10 … first power supply circuit
11 … Voltage conversion section
15 … driving part
18 … Voltage detection part
19 … current detecting part
20A, 20N … second power supply circuit
25A, 25N … control part
41 … first conductive via
42 … second conductive via
43A, 43N … third conductive via
51A, 51N … switch part
53A, 53N … diode
62A, 62N … second switch section
81 … first load
82A, 82N … second load
91 … first power storage unit (power storage unit for vehicle)
92 … is the second power storage unit.

Claims (5)

1. A power supply device for a vehicle includes:
a first conductive path that is a path to which electric power is supplied from the vehicle power storage unit;
a second conductive path electrically connected to one or more first loads;
one or more third conductive paths electrically connected to one or more second loads different from the first load;
a first power supply circuit that converts a voltage applied to the first conductive path and applies a voltage to the second conductive path;
one or more second power supply circuits that convert a voltage applied to the first conductive path and apply a voltage to the third conductive path;
at least one first switch section provided between the third conductive path and the second conductive path, and switching between an off state that cuts off power supply from the third conductive path to the second conductive path side and an on state that allows power supply from the third conductive path to the second conductive path side; and
a control unit configured to turn off the first switch unit when at least one of the first power supply circuit and the second conduction path is not in a predetermined abnormal state, and to turn on the first switch unit when the at least one of the first power supply circuit and the second conduction path is in the predetermined abnormal state,
the second conductive path is electrically connected to a second power storage portion different from the vehicle power storage portion,
the power supply device for a vehicle includes a diode provided in parallel with the first switching unit, and having an anode connected to the second conductive path side and a cathode connected to the third conductive path side,
when the control unit maintains the first switching unit in an off state, an anode of the diode is in conduction with the second conduction path, and a cathode of the diode is in conduction with the third conduction path,
the predetermined abnormal state is a state in which a voltage or a current of the second conduction path is decreased to some extent.
2. The vehicular power supply apparatus according to claim 1, wherein,
the vehicle power supply device includes a detection unit that detects a value of a voltage applied to the second conductive path or a value of a current flowing through the second conductive path,
the first power supply circuit includes:
a voltage conversion unit that converts a voltage applied to the first conductive path to generate a voltage applied to the second conductive path; and
a driving unit configured to drive the voltage conversion unit so that a value of a voltage applied to the second conductive path or a value of a current flowing through the second conductive path becomes a target value,
the control unit sets the first switch unit to an on state by setting, as the predetermined abnormal state, a case where a value of the voltage or a value of the current detected by the detection unit is lower than the target value by a predetermined value or more.
3. The vehicular power supply apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a plurality of the second power supply circuit, the third conductive path, and the first switch portion are provided,
a plurality of said second power supply circuits are each respectively connected to a plurality of said third conductive paths,
each of the plurality of first switch portions is provided between each of the plurality of third conductive paths and the second conductive path, and each of the first switch portions is switched between an off state in which power supply from the corresponding third conductive path side to the second conductive path side is interrupted and an on state in which power supply from the corresponding third conductive path side to the second conductive path side is permitted.
4. The vehicular power supply apparatus according to claim 1 or 2,
the vehicular power supply device includes a second switching unit connected in series with the first switching unit between the second conductive path and the third conductive path,
the second switch unit is configured to switch between an off state in which the supply of power from the second conductive path to the third conductive path is interrupted and an on state in which the supply of power from the second conductive path to the third conductive path is allowed,
the control unit turns off the first switch unit and turns on the second switch unit when at least one of the first power supply circuit and the second conduction path is in a normal state, turns on the first switch unit when at least one of the first power supply circuit and the second conduction path is in the predetermined abnormal state, and turns off the second switch unit when at least one of the first power supply circuit and the second conduction path is in a second abnormal state different from the normal state and the predetermined abnormal state,
the control unit sets the second switch unit to an off state when a value of a voltage applied to the second conductive path is equal to or greater than a predetermined voltage threshold as the second abnormal state.
5. The vehicular power supply apparatus according to claim 3,
the vehicular power supply device includes a second switching unit connected in series with the first switching unit between the second conductive path and the third conductive path,
the second switch unit is configured to switch between an off state in which the supply of power from the second conductive path to the third conductive path is interrupted and an on state in which the supply of power from the second conductive path to the third conductive path is allowed,
the control unit turns off the first switch unit and turns on the second switch unit when at least one of the first power supply circuit and the second conduction path is in a normal state, turns on the first switch unit when at least one of the first power supply circuit and the second conduction path is in the predetermined abnormal state, and turns off the second switch unit when at least one of the first power supply circuit and the second conduction path is in a second abnormal state different from the normal state and the predetermined abnormal state,
the control unit sets the second switch unit to an off state when the value of the voltage applied to the second conductive path is equal to or greater than a predetermined voltage threshold as the second abnormal state.
CN201880029200.6A 2017-05-17 2018-04-26 Power supply device for vehicle Active CN110603701B (en)

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PCT/JP2018/016926 WO2018211938A1 (en) 2017-05-17 2018-04-26 Vehicular power source device

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JP2018196234A (en) 2018-12-06
US11084438B2 (en) 2021-08-10

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