CN110601206B - Ground fault current compensation system and method for self-produced power phase power supply - Google Patents
Ground fault current compensation system and method for self-produced power phase power supply Download PDFInfo
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- CN110601206B CN110601206B CN201910992175.8A CN201910992175A CN110601206B CN 110601206 B CN110601206 B CN 110601206B CN 201910992175 A CN201910992175 A CN 201910992175A CN 110601206 B CN110601206 B CN 110601206B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/12—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks for adjusting voltage in ac networks by changing a characteristic of the network load
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
- Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
- Y04S10/00—Systems supporting electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y04S10/50—Systems or methods supporting the power network operation or management, involving a certain degree of interaction with the load-side end user applications
- Y04S10/52—Outage or fault management, e.g. fault detection or location
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Abstract
The invention discloses a ground fault current compensation system and a ground fault current compensation method for self-generated power supply phase power supply, comprising a phase power supply generator, a phase power supply phase compensator, a switching switch, a controller and a voltage regulator, wherein the input end of the phase power supply generator is connected with a bus, the output end of the phase power supply generator is connected with the input end of the phase power supply phase compensator, the voltage regulator is connected between the power supply phase compensator and a system neutral point in series, the controller is connected with a voltage transformer of the bus, and the output end of the controller is connected with the switching switch. The system passively generates a power supply phase power supply, and the reverse phase power supply and the harmonic phase power supply are put into the system according to fault logic. The full compensation of the reactive current, the harmonic current and the active current of the ground fault of the power distribution network is realized, and the problems that the full compensation cannot be realized and the control is complex by adopting a power electronic device inversion injection method after the power is taken from the system are solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of power distribution networks, in particular to a ground fault current compensation system and method for a self-generated power supply phase power supply.
Background
The single-phase ground fault of the power distribution network at home and abroad accounts for more than 80%, the safe operation of the power grid and equipment is seriously influenced, and the safe treatment of the ground fault plays an important role in social and economic development. When the capacitance current of the system is more than 10A, an arc suppression coil grounding mode is adopted. The arc suppression coil can reduce fault current to a certain extent, the system can operate for 2 hours with faults, but the arc suppression coil can not realize full compensation, residual current smaller than 10A still exists at a fault point, and the existence of the residual current can cause personal electric shock and fire accidents and seriously threaten the safe and stable operation of a power grid and equipment. When the capacitance current of the system is larger, a small-resistance grounding mode is adopted, when a single-phase grounding fault occurs, the zero sequence current of the fault line is amplified, and the relay protection device rapidly cuts off the fault line, but the power supply reliability of the grounding mode is difficult to ensure, and the risk of relay protection refusing action exists when high-resistance grounding exists.
Currently, in order to thoroughly eliminate the harm of single-phase ground faults, the power supply reliability is ensured. Various methods for completely compensating the single-phase grounding fault point current are proposed at home and abroad.
Swedish Neutral publication of application of the full compensation technique of the ground fault neutralizer discloses a method for compensating the ground fault point current by injecting a current into the Neutral point of the system through an active compensator. However, the residual current of the ground fault in the method cannot be directly obtained, the residual current value is calculated by adopting the system to the ground distribution parameter, and the deviation is larger; meanwhile, the compensator adopts a power electronic device to realize the control of the current phase and the amplitude, the current phase and the amplitude precision cannot be ensured at the same time, the compensation current has large harmonic content, the control is complex, and the stability is poor; therefore, the compensation effect of the GFN (ground fault neutralizer) manufactured by Swedish Neutral is greatly deviated from an ideal value, and the result of the simulation test performed by the device on a certain place of Zhejiang shows (on the 2018 period of research on fault line selection field test based on the Neutral point full compensation technology), the ground residual current after the compensation of the GFN device is still above 5A for metallic ground faults, and the compensation effect is quite large compared with the ideal value, namely zero current difference and is just equivalent to the compensation effect of an arc suppression coil.
Domestic, patent CN102074950a discloses a method for extinguishing and protecting the arc of a power distribution network ground fault, which is similar to the arc extinguishing method of Swedish Neutral. The method has the problems that when the metal grounding is carried out, the fault phase voltage is 0, and the fault voltage is controlled to be 0, the method only has an effect on high-resistance grounding faults, and the amplitude and the phase of the injected current need to be accurately controlled to control the fault phase voltage, so that the implementation difficulty is high.
The patent with application number 201710550400.3 discloses an active voltage reduction safety treatment method for the grounding fault of an ineffective grounding system, which is characterized in that tapping joints are arranged on side windings of a transformer system, and the voltage of a fault phase is reduced by short-circuiting the tapping joints of the winding of the fault phase to the ground or short-circuiting the tapping joints of the winding of the fault phase through impedance so as to achieve the purpose of limiting the current of the grounding fault point. Basically, when a single-phase grounding occurs in a power grid line, another grounding point is manufactured on the bus side of the system, the original single-phase grounding current is split, and obviously, the compensation effect of the method on a metallic single-phase grounding fault is poor, even invalid, and the device malfunction can cause interphase short circuit.
The patent application numbers 201710544978.8 and 201710544976.9 disclose a phase step-down arc extinction method for a grounding fault of a non-effective grounding system, wherein when a single-phase grounding fault occurs, a power supply is externally applied between a bus on the side of the non-effective grounding system and the ground, or between a line and the ground, or between a neutral point and the ground, or between a tap of a winding on the side of the neutral point non-effective grounding system and the ground, so as to reduce the fault voltage. The two methods are different only in that one of the external power supplies is a voltage source, and the other is a current source, and no essential difference exists. There are also problems of control system phase voltage accuracy of the voltage source and the current source, and of uncontrollable phase voltage to ground being zero when metallic short circuit occurs. In both methods, when an external power source is directly applied between the bus or line and ground, the system line voltage is changed, which causes the system load (e.g., a distribution transformer) to fail to operate properly.
In summary, no technology for completely compensating the single-phase ground fault current, which is simple and convenient to control, accurate and efficient, and can give consideration to the power supply reliability and safety of a power distribution system is available in the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the invention aims to provide a ground fault current compensation system and a ground fault current compensation method for a self-generated power supply phase power supply, which are used for achieving the purpose of full compensation by changing a line power supply on a bus into a reverse phase power supply through a phase power supply generator, a phase power supply phase compensator and a voltage regulator and combining a neutral point of a switching switch access system to access a fault phase to inhibit overvoltage of the fault phase. The invention effectively solves the problems of complex current control, difficult complete compensation of metallic grounding and the like in single-phase grounding faults of a power distribution system, and simultaneously, a voltage regulator is also arranged in the system to regulate the voltage of a line power supply after the phase change of the power supply, thereby achieving the purpose of complete current-voltage compensation in the grounding faults.
The invention solves the technical problems by the following technical means:
the invention provides a ground fault current compensation system for self-generating power supply phase power supply, which comprises a phase power supply generator, a phase power supply phase compensator, a switching switch, a controller and a voltage regulator, wherein the power supply is converted into a three-phase power supply with the same amplitude as the power supply phase power supply through the phase power supply generator and the phase power supply phase compensator, and then is connected to the non-homonymous ends at two sides of the voltage regulator through a common connection point of the switching switch and a system neutral point, so that the phase voltage with the same amplitude and opposite phase to the power supply is obtained at the neutral point, and the purposes of completely compensating the passive ground fault current and guaranteeing the power supply reliability and the safety of the system are achieved.
Further, the phase power supply generator converts the system line voltage into the phase voltage to generate a power supply phase power, the connection form of the phase power supply generator is Dy, zy, yd or Yy, and according to the transformer principle, the phase difference exists between the power supply phase power generated by the phase power supply generator and the phase voltage of the power grid system power supplyAnd is also provided with
Wherein the method comprises the steps ofThe phase difference between the line voltage of the generator for supplying power to the phase and the line voltage corresponding to the power grid system is [0,11 ]]Integers within the range.
The phase compensator compensates the phase difference of phase voltage generated by the phase power generator, the connection form is Dyn or Zyn or Yyn, the leading-out end of the neutral point must be grounded, and the output line voltage and the input line voltage have phase difference
For more convenient implementation of the present technology, the following table shows the coupling groups that can be used by the partial phase power generator and the coupling groups that should be used by the corresponding phase power phase compensator, as shown in table 1.
Table 1 partial phase Power supply Generator and phase Power supply phase compensator connection Assembly
Further, the switching switch is a mechanical switch, a power electronic switch or other fast switching switch.
Further, when the compensation current is output, the internal impedance of the phase power supply generator and the phase power supply phase compensator generates a voltage drop, so that the voltage amplitude obtained by the output end (i.e. the neutral point) of the phase power supply phase compensator is lower than the voltage amplitude of the power supply of the power grid system. Therefore, the technical scheme is that the voltage regulator is arranged, voltage drop generated when the phase compensator of the phase power supply outputs compensation current is regulated through the voltage regulator, and meanwhile, the common connection point of the switching switch and the neutral point of the system are connected to the non-homonymous ends at two sides of the voltage regulator, so that phase voltage with equal amplitude and opposite phase to the phase power supply is obtained at the neutral point.
The rated voltage of the primary winding of the phase power supply generator is not lower than the rated voltage of the power grid system, and the rated voltage of the secondary winding of the voltage regulator, namely the side connected with the neutral point of the power grid system, is not lower than the rated voltage of the power grid system.
Setting rated voltage ratios of the phase power supply generator, the phase power supply phase compensator and the voltage regulator to be m, n and j respectively, wherein the m, n and j should satisfy the following formula:
1≤m×n×j≤1.15
the voltage regulator is connected in series between the common connection point of the switching switch and the neutral point of the power grid system, the common connection point of the switching switch and the neutral point of the system are connected to the non-homonymous ends on two sides of the voltage regulator, the other connection points of the voltage regulator are grounded, the voltage regulation range of the voltage regulator is +/-15% of rated voltage, the control of ground fault current is realized if the voltage regulation range is required, and the rated voltage regulation range can be more adjustable as +/-100% of voltage.
Further, the controller comprises a fault judging module and a switch control module.
The fault judging module judges whether the system is in single-phase grounding or not and judges the grounding phase according to the system zero-sequence voltage, the three-phase voltage, the line zero-sequence current and the like, and the switch control module controls the corresponding switch of the switching switch to be closed according to the grounding phase judged by the fault judging module.
Further, the primary winding leading-out points of the phase power supply generator are connected with the bus of the power grid system, and the secondary winding leading-out points of the phase power supply generator are respectively connected with corresponding connecting points of the primary winding of the phase power supply phase compensator.
The secondary winding of the phase compensator of the phase power supply is respectively provided with an A phase compensation connection point, a B phase compensation connection point, a C phase compensation connection point and a neutral point lead-out point com.
Further, the switching switch is provided with an A-phase switch connection point, a B-phase switch connection point, a C-phase switch connection point and a common connection point. And the A phase compensation connection point, the B phase compensation connection point and the C phase compensation connection point of the secondary winding of the phase power supply phase compensator are respectively connected with the A phase switch connection point, the B phase switch connection point and the C phase switch connection point of the switching switch.
In another aspect, the present invention provides a method for compensating a ground fault current of a self-generated power supply, including:
s1, judging whether a single-phase grounding occurs in a system or not and judging a grounding phase through a controller;
s2, a certain phase has a ground fault, and the controller controls the on-off switch to close a switch of the phase corresponding to the fault;
s3, voltage compensation is carried out through a voltage regulator;
s4, when the closing time of the switching switch reaches the set time, the controller controls the switching switch to be opened;
s5, the controller continuously judges whether single-phase earth faults exist or not;
s6, if the grounding fault still exists, jumping to the step 2, and if the single-phase grounding is not present, ending the single-phase grounding compensation process.
Further, the time for opening the switching switch set in the step S4 is set according to the line condition, for example, the time for opening the switching switch is set according to the condition that the line tree barrier has a large number of ground faults or other conditions that easily cause a large number of ground faults.
The invention provides a phase power supply generator for passing the line voltage which is unchanged before and after single phase grounding in the system for the first time; the phase compensator of the phase power supply is converted into the phase power supply of the system power supply and is used for compensating active power and reactive power formed by the impedance to the ground when the system is in single-phase grounding. The purpose of completely compensating the voltage and the current of the single-phase grounding fault point is achieved. Under single-phase grounding faults, the system can be operated in an electrified mode, and single-phase grounding fault points have no electric shock risks and arcing risks; the method provided by the invention only controls the opening and closing of the switch, and greatly simplifies the control method of the single-phase ground fault full compensation technology.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) According to the technical scheme provided by the invention, the power supply with opposite phase and equal amplitude to the phase voltage of the power supply of the system is obtained from the system through the passive element, so that the single-phase grounding fault point current can be completely compensated, the grounding arc is eliminated, the power supply reliability of the power grid system is ensured, and the risk of personal electric shock is avoided. The power grid system can continuously supply power, and the power supply safety is improved.
The compensation system provided by the invention can obtain the element with the opposite phase to the phase voltage of the system fault phase power supply by using the passive element, and does not need phase adjustment, but only needs to adjust the voltage amplitude and switch the corresponding switch. Compared with the existing active full compensation technology based on the power electronic inversion technology, the compensation precision is higher, the control mode is simpler, and the method has incomparable technical advantages.
(2) In the technical scheme provided by the invention, components such as a transformer, a voltage regulator, a capacitor, a switch and the like which are extremely mature in the prior art and can stably operate for a long time are adopted, and the stability is obviously superior to that of a power electronic device which is easy to damage; compared with a power electronic inverter power supply with complex maintenance, the components adopted by the technical scheme are all common and mature components of the power system which are easy to maintain and even free from maintenance; the element technology adopted by the technical scheme is mature and the cost is low; therefore, compared with the existing power electronic active full compensation technology, the hardware cost, the research and development cost and the maintenance cost in the implementation of the technical scheme are low, the stability is high, and the maintenance cost is low.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a system for compensating for ground fault current of a self-generated power supply according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a method for compensating the ground fault current of a self-generated power supply according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the controller structure;
wherein: a phase power supply generator 1, a phase power supply phase compensator 2, a switching switch 3, a controller 4, a voltage regulator 5, a failure determination module 41, and a switch control module 42.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the attached drawings and specific embodiments, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, not all embodiments, and all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts based on the embodiments in the present application are within the scope of protection of the present application.
As shown in fig. 1-2, a ground fault current compensation system of a self-generated power supply phase power supply of the present invention includes a phase power supply generator 1, a phase power supply phase compensator 2, a switching switch 3, a controller 4, and a voltage regulator 5.
In this embodiment, the phase power supply generator 1 is a transformer connected to Dy11, and is connected to a bus to convert the bus line voltage into a phase voltage, and the voltage ratio is m.
The phase compensator 2 is a transformer connected to the Dyn1 and connected to the phase generator 1 for compensating the phase, and the voltage ratio is n.
In this embodiment, the input end of the phase power supply generator 1 is connected with a bus, the output end of the phase power supply generator 1 is connected with the input end of the phase power supply phase compensator 2, the voltage regulator 5 is connected in series between the phase power supply phase compensator 2 and the system neutral point, the controller 4 is connected with a voltage transformer of the bus, the output end of the controller 4 is connected with the switching switch 3, the common connection point of the switching switch 3 and the system neutral point are connected at the non-homonymy ends at two sides of the voltage regulator 5, and the rest connection points of the voltage regulator 5 are grounded. The voltage ratio of the voltage regulator 5 is j.
And mχnj=1.
In this embodiment, the voltages of the bus power supply lines are respectively U AB 、U BC 、U CA The phase voltages of the bus power supply are U respectively A 、U B 、U C The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The line voltages output by the phase-recording power supply generator 1 are respectively U ab1 、U bc1 、U ca1 The phase voltages are U respectively a1 、U b1 、U c1 According to the transformer principle, dy 11-connected transformers have a secondary side voltage 30 DEG ahead of a primary side voltage, i.e. bus line voltage U is supplied after the bus line voltage is transferred by the phase supply generator 1 AB 、U BC 、U CA Converted into phase voltage U a1 U b1 、U c1 And U (U) ab1 、U bc1 、U ca1 Phase angles respectively lead U AB 、U BC 、U CA An angle of 30 DEG, and a phase-supply generator (1) having a voltage ratio m and therefore
And
the line voltage output by the phase compensator 2 of the phase-recording power supply is U ab2 、U bc2 、U ca2 The phase voltages are U respectively a2 、U b2 、U c2 According to the transformer principle, dyn1 is connected with the group of transformers, the secondary side line voltage lags the primary side line voltage by 30 degrees, namely U ab2 、U bc2 、U ca2 Phase angles respectively lag behind U ab1 、U bc1 、U ca1 30 °, and the voltage ratio of the phase power supply phase compensator 2 is n, there are:
according to formulae 41,42,43, there are:
as a result of:
bringing formula 44 into formula 45 includes:
in this embodiment, the common connection point of the switching switch 3 and the system neutral point are connected to the non-homonymous ends on both sides of the voltage regulator 5, the voltage ratio is j, and m×n×j=1, so when a certain phase switch of the switching switch 3 is closed, the voltages obtained at the system neutral point are respectively:
therefore, when a phase is in single-phase grounding and a corresponding phase switch of the closed switching switch is closed, a voltage with the same amplitude and opposite phase to the voltage of the power supply phase of the power grid system is obtained at the neutral point of the system, so that the voltage of the grounding phase is zero, and the voltage and the current of the grounding fault point are also zero.
The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications and equivalents may be made thereto without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention, which is intended to be covered by the scope of the claims of the present invention. The technology, shape, and construction parts of the present invention, which are not described in detail, are known in the art.
Claims (6)
1. The ground fault current compensation system for the self-generated power supply phase power supply is characterized by comprising a phase power supply generator (1), a phase power supply phase compensator (2), a switching switch (3), a controller (4) and a voltage regulator (5), wherein the input end of the phase power supply generator (1) is connected with a bus, the output end of the phase power supply generator (1) is connected with the input end of the phase power supply phase compensator (2), the voltage regulator (5) is connected between the phase power supply phase compensator (2) and a system neutral point in series, the controller (4) is connected with a voltage transformer of the bus, and the output end of the controller (4) is connected with the input end of the switching switch (3);
the common connection point and the system neutral point of the switching switch (3) are connected to the non-homonymous ends at two sides of the voltage regulator (5), and the other connection points of the voltage regulator (5) are grounded;
the controller (4) comprises a fault judging module (41) and a switch control module (42);
the power supply is converted into a three-phase power supply with the same amplitude as the power supply of the power supply phase through the phase power supply generator (1) and the phase power supply phase compensator (2), then the common connection point of the switching switch (3) and the neutral point of the system are connected to the non-homonymous ends on the two sides of the voltage regulator (5) through the controller (4), and the other connection points of the voltage regulator (5) are grounded, so that the phase voltage with the same amplitude and opposite phase to the power supply is obtained at the neutral point, and the complete compensation of the passive ground fault current is achieved.
2. A ground fault current compensation system for a self-generated electrical phase source as set forth in claim 1 wherein: the phase power supply generator (1) is connected in Dy or Zy or Yd or Yy.
3. A ground fault current compensation system for a self-generated electrical phase source as set forth in claim 1 wherein: the phase compensator (2) of the phase power supply is connected in the form of Dyn or Zyn or Yyn.
4. A ground fault current compensation system for a self-generated electrical phase source as set forth in claim 1 wherein: the switching switch (3) is a mechanical switch or a power electronic rapid switching switch.
5. A method of ground fault current compensation for a self-generated electrical phase source based on a compensation system according to any one of claims 1-4, comprising the steps of:
s1, judging whether a single-phase grounding occurs in a system or not and judging a grounding phase through a controller;
s2, a certain phase has a ground fault, and a controller (4) controls a switching switch (3) to close a phase switch corresponding to the fault;
s3, voltage compensation is carried out through a voltage regulator (5);
s4, when the closing time of the switching switch reaches the set time, the controller controls the switching switch to be opened;
s5, the controller continuously judges whether single-phase earth faults exist or not;
s6, if the grounding fault still exists, jumping to the step 2, and if the single-phase grounding is not present, ending the single-phase grounding compensation process.
6. The method for compensating for ground fault current of a self-generated electrical phase source as set forth in claim 5, wherein: and the time for switching off the switching switch set in the step S4 is set according to the working condition of the line.
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| CN110611317A (en) * | 2019-10-18 | 2019-12-24 | 云南电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | Earth fault current compensation system and method for self-generating power phase power supply |
| CN111769534B (en) * | 2020-02-06 | 2022-06-07 | 云南电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | Voltage adjusting method and device of power supply ground fault current compensation system |
| CN112054533B (en) * | 2020-09-24 | 2024-05-28 | 云南电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | Full compensation system direct resistance design method and system based on fault phase residual voltage |
| CN113687181B (en) * | 2021-03-25 | 2023-09-05 | 中国科学院广州能源研究所 | Injection method for coping with cancellation effect in island detection method |
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