CN110600885B - Frequency selective surface with absorption-reflection-absorption characteristics - Google Patents
Frequency selective surface with absorption-reflection-absorption characteristics Download PDFInfo
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- CN110600885B CN110600885B CN201910830665.8A CN201910830665A CN110600885B CN 110600885 B CN110600885 B CN 110600885B CN 201910830665 A CN201910830665 A CN 201910830665A CN 110600885 B CN110600885 B CN 110600885B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/0006—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices
- H01Q15/0013—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices said selective devices working as frequency-selective reflecting surfaces, e.g. FSS, dichroic plates, surfaces being partly transmissive and reflective
Abstract
The invention discloses a frequency selective surface with absorption-reflection-absorption characteristics, which comprises a medium substrate and a plurality of metal units which are arranged on the upper surface of the medium substrate in a rectangular periodic manner, wherein each metal unit comprises four identical rectangular metal strips with gaps, the gaps are formed from a vertex to 3/4 positions of a long edge where the vertex is located, a chip resistor is welded at a position 1/2 of the total length of each metal strip, and the positions of the four rectangular metal strips which are not crossed or overlapped are determined by taking one point in one rectangular metal strip as a rotation center and sequentially rotating 90 degrees, 180 degrees and 270 degrees; the reflector plate used as the antenna can reduce RCS of the antenna and ensure the radiation performance of the antenna.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of wireless communication, and particularly relates to a frequency selective surface with absorption-reflection-absorption characteristics.
Background
With the rapid development of stealth technology and wireless communication systems, a platform with low observability has great significance, and an antenna is taken as a special scattering source, and the reduction of the radar cross-sectional area (RCS) of the antenna gradually draws more and more attention. The use of metamaterial absorbers to reduce RCS has been proposed over the past several decades, but is generally limited by the thickness and weight of the material itself. In addition, polarization conversion super-surfaces and artificial magnetic conductor surfaces have been used to achieve low RCS performance, and such structures tend to be relatively thick, although they reduce their weight to some extent. In addition, achieving low RCS performance over a wide frequency band tends to affect the radiation performance of the antenna over its operating frequency band simultaneously. Therefore, in view of obtaining good radiation performance while achieving low RCS characteristics of the antenna, it is necessary to design a new structure as an antenna reflection plate that suppresses out-of-band RCS without affecting radiation efficiency in the operating band of the antenna.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a frequency selective surface having absorption-reflection-absorption characteristics, which can ensure the radiation performance of an antenna while reducing the RCS of the antenna, as a reflection plate of the antenna.
The technical scheme for realizing the invention is as follows:
the utility model provides a frequency selective surface with absorption-reflection-absorption characteristic, includes medium substrate and sets up a plurality of metal unit that is the rectangle cycle and arranges on medium substrate upper surface, metal unit contains four the same rectangle metal ring structures that constitute by the metal strip and take the breach, the breach is by 3/4 of a summit to this summit place long limit, 1/2 welding of metal strip total length has the chip resistance, uses one point of one of them rectangle metal ring inside as the center of rotation, rotates 90, 180 and 270 in proper order, confirms the position of four non-intersecting and non-overlapping rectangle metal rings each other.
Further, the metal material is copper.
Further, the dielectric substrate is made of Rogers RO3003 material with the dielectric constant of 3 and the loss tangent value of 0.0013.
Further, for the frequency selective surface whose reflection band is C band, the width of the metal strip is 0.5mm, and the lengths of the four sides of the rectangular metal ring are respectively: 4.5mm, 14.5mm, 18mm and 14.5 mm; the distances from two sides of the rectangular metal ring nearest to the rotation center are 4mm and 7mm respectively, and the distance between two adjacent metal units is 2 mm.
Drawings
Fig. 1 shows the current distribution at different frequencies of a metal strip with a resistor embedded in the core of the invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a frequency selective surface structure according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a metal unit structure according to the present invention.
Figure 4 is a graph of the frequency response and absorption results of the preferred embodiment of the present invention.
The device comprises a chip resistor 1, a metal strip 2, a dielectric substrate 3, a foam layer 4 and a dielectric plate 5.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The invention provides a frequency selective surface with absorption-reflection-absorption characteristics, and in order to better explain the principle of the invention, a metal strip with a chip resistor welded at the center can be theoretically analyzed. Since an induced current is generated in the metal strip when a plane wave is incident, energy of the electromagnetic wave is dissipated by being converted into heat energy when the current flows through the chip resistor. According to the reciprocity principle, the metal strip welded with the chip resistor at the center can be equivalent to a dipole antenna with center feed, so that the current distribution is as follows:
wherein, I0For a current amplitude of fixed magnitude, λ is the wavelength,
is the wave number and l is the length of the metal strip. It can be seen that the current on the metal strip shows different distributions as the frequency or wavelength of the electromagnetic wave changes.
(1) When λ is 2l, the normalized current distribution is shown as a solid line in fig. 1;
(2) when λ ═ l, the normalized current distribution is shown by the dashed line in fig. 1;
(3) when λ is 2l/3, the normalized current distribution is shown by the short dashed line in fig. 1;
observing the central position of the metal strip, the position is at an antinode point when the wavelength is 2l or 2l/3, namely the current amplitude reaches the maximum value at the position; and when the wavelength is l, the central position is at the node, i.e. the current amplitude is substantially zero at this position.
Therefore, if a chip resistor is welded at the center, the current is dissipated by the resistor at the anti-node; and when the wave node is in the wave node, because the current is almost zero, the resistance basically does not work, so that the incident electromagnetic wave is reflected without loss. Thus, this metal strip with chip resistors soldered in the center can be used to realize the absorption-reflection-absorption characteristics.
Since the frequency selective surface ultimately operates with an antenna, the frequency and bandwidth of its reflection band must be adjustable by changing the dimensions of the structure to accommodate different antennas.
1. The working frequency band of the frequency selective surface designed in the invention is mainly determined by the resonance frequency of the metal strip, and the resonance frequency can be calculated by the following formula:
where c is the speed of light in vacuum,effis the effective dielectric constant. It can be seen that, with other parameters being constant, an increase in the length l of the strip results in a shift of the operating band towards lower frequencies, including the reflection band and the absorption band.
2. The bandwidth of the reflection band is mainly determined by the spacing between adjacent metal units, which is essential to adjust the coupling strength between adjacent metal units by adjusting the distance between them.
According to the above theoretical analysis, the present invention provides a preferred embodiment of a frequency selective surface for an antenna operating in C-band, which is designed by the following steps:
In summary, the present invention provides a preferred embodiment of a frequency selective surface with absorption-emission-absorption characteristics, the unit structure of which is shown in fig. 2, and the unit period (i.e. the metal unit side length) is 25 mm. The structure comprises three layers, wherein the upper layer is a dielectric substrate 3 with the thickness of 0.5mm, and four identical rectangular metal rings 2 with gaps, the centers of which are welded with metal strips of chip resistors 1, are plated on the dielectric substrate; the middle layer is a foam layer 4 with the thickness of 11 mm; the bottom layer is a dielectric plate 5 with the thickness of 0.5mm and the lower surface coated with copper. As shown in fig. 3, in the present embodiment, the dimensions of the metal structure plated on the dielectric substrate 3 are: the width w of the metal strip is 0.5mm, and the lengths of the four sections of metal strips are respectively as follows: l is1＝4.5mm，L2＝14.5mm，L3＝18mm，L414.5 mm. In addition, the distance between the rectangular metal strips is d1＝4mm，d2＝7mm，d3＝1mm。
The frequency-selective surface frequency response characteristics of the final design with absorption-reflection-absorption characteristics are shown in fig. 4, where the solid line represents the reflection coefficient and the dashed line represents the absorption rate, with the following properties:
(1) the center frequency of the reflection frequency band is 5GHz, the frequency bandwidth is 2.36GHz, the range is 3.96 GHz-6.32 GHz, and the 3dB relative bandwidth is 46.2%.
(2) The two sides of the reflection frequency band are respectively provided with an absorption frequency band which is respectively 1.91 GHz-3.54 GHz and 6.85 GHz-8.86 GHz, and the relative bandwidths are respectively 54.1% and 24.8%. In addition, there are two transmission poles in each absorption band, respectively located at fp12.18GHz and fp23.2GHz and fp37.33GHz and fp4＝8.3GHz。
(3) The maximum value of the insertion loss in the anti-radio frequency band is 0.59dB, and the absorptivity in the absorption frequency band is higher than 90%.
(4) The overall thickness of the structure was 12mm, and the electrical dimension corresponding to the wavelength at 1.91GHz, which is the lowest frequency of the absorption band, was 0.076 times the wavelength.
Has the advantages that:
1. compared with the prior art, the invention has the following remarkable advantages: by utilizing multimode resonance on the metal strip with the resistor embedded in the center, the frequency selection surface with absorption-reflection-absorption characteristics can be effectively constructed, and the bandwidth of the reflection frequency band and the absorption frequency band can well meet the application condition.
2. The minimum thickness of the invention can reach 0.076 times of wavelength, and the RCS influence caused by the structure is reduced. Therefore, the invention has good application prospect.
In summary, the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. The frequency selective surface with the absorption-reflection-absorption characteristics is characterized by comprising a medium substrate and a plurality of metal units which are arranged on the upper surface of the medium substrate in a rectangular periodic manner, wherein the metal units comprise four identical rectangular metal ring structures which are formed by metal strips and provided with notches, the notches are formed by starting from a vertex to 3/4 positions on the long edge where the vertex is located, patch resistors are welded at 1/2 positions of the total length of the metal strips, and the positions of the four rectangular metal rings which are not crossed and not overlapped are determined by taking one point in one of the rectangular metal rings as a rotation center and sequentially rotating by 90 degrees, 180 degrees and 270 degrees.
2. A frequency selective surface having absorption-reflection-absorption characteristics as recited in claim 1, wherein said metal is copper.
3. A frequency selective surface having absorption-reflection-absorption characteristics as claimed in claim 1, wherein said dielectric substrate is a Rogers RO3003 material having a dielectric constant of 3 and a loss tangent of 0.0013.
4. A frequency selective surface having an absorption-reflection-absorption characteristic as claimed in claim 1, wherein the width of the metal strip is 0.5mm and the lengths of the four sides of the rectangular metal ring are respectively: 4.5mm, 14.5mm, 18mm and 14.5 mm; the distances from two sides of the rectangular metal ring nearest to the rotation center are 4mm and 7mm respectively, and the distance between two adjacent metal units is 2 mm.
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| CN113067138A (en) * | 2021-03-23 | 2021-07-02 | 北京理工大学 | Integrated low-radar scattering sectional area circularly polarized antenna array |
| CN116526701A (en) * | 2023-05-19 | 2023-08-01 | 山西大同大学 | Wireless energy transmission system based on artificial magnetic conductor with four-arm spiral structure |
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| CN106058483B (en) * | 2016-07-08 | 2018-11-16 | 西安电子科技大学 | The broadband absorbing material of stable polarization |
| EP3361571A1 (en) * | 2017-02-10 | 2018-08-15 | HPS - High Performance Structures, Gestao e Engenharia Lda | Thermal multi-layer insulation and radio-frequency absorber blanket |
| CN108598702B (en) * | 2018-04-23 | 2020-12-08 | 中国电子科技集团公司第二十九研究所 | Ultra-wideband low-profile antenna array structure |
| CN109659703B (en) * | 2018-11-27 | 2021-01-12 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Broadband electromagnetic wave absorption metamaterial based on fusion of foam dielectric base material and metal structure |
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