CN110600880A - Circularly polarized frequency-adjustable solid color center microwave control system and method without phase shifter - Google Patents
Circularly polarized frequency-adjustable solid color center microwave control system and method without phase shifter Download PDFInfo
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- CN110600880A CN110600880A CN201910885489.8A CN201910885489A CN110600880A CN 110600880 A CN110600880 A CN 110600880A CN 201910885489 A CN201910885489 A CN 201910885489A CN 110600880 A CN110600880 A CN 110600880A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
- H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
- H01Q1/225—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles used in level-measurement devices, e.g. for level gauge measurement
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/24—Polarising devices; Polarisation filters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
- H01Q5/10—Resonant antennas
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
- H01Q5/30—Arrangements for providing operation on different wavebands
- H01Q5/307—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way
- H01Q5/314—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way using frequency dependent circuits or components, e.g. trap circuits or capacitors
- H01Q5/321—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way using frequency dependent circuits or components, e.g. trap circuits or capacitors within a radiating element or between connected radiating elements
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Abstract
The circularly polarized frequency adjustable solid color center microwave control system and the method thereof can enable the system to generate a circularly polarized microwave magnetic field without a phase shifter, realize the selective transition of the solid color center energy level, and enable the selective transition of the solid color center energy level to be possible in a zero magnetic field environment, thereby providing favorable conditions for realizing miniaturization of a solid color center quantum precision measurement device.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a technology of quantum precision measurement, in particular to a circular polarization frequency adjustable solid color center microwave control system and a method without a phase shifter.
Background
In recent years, solid color center materials, such as diamond NV color centers (diamond-Vancy centers), have been widely used in the fields of quantum computing, quantum measurement, and the like. The solid color center electron spin quantum state needs a microwave control system to control, so the microwave control system for controlling the color center electron spin quantum state is the key of quantum precision measurement. However, the resonant frequency of the antenna in the microwave steering system is greatly influenced by the substrate material, the size parameters of the antenna and the electromagnetic environment, which requires the antenna to have the function of adjusting the frequency. At present, microwave can realize selective transition of color center energy level through a circular polarization technology, which makes selective transition of color center energy level possible in a zero magnetic field environment, and provides important conditions for realizing miniaturization of a solid color center quantum precision measurement device. However, the present inventors have noticed that the conventional circularly polarized microwave magnetic field requires a phase shifter, and the circular polarization required for the phase shifter hinders the realization of miniaturization. The inventor believes that if a special design that a feed port is arranged on a diagonal line in a rectangular antenna frame of a circularly polarized frequency adjustable antenna to receive a microwave signal output by a microwave signal source device is adopted, a circularly polarized microwave magnetic field can be generated by the system without a phase shifter, and therefore the miniaturization of the solid color center quantum precision measurement device is really realized. In view of the above, the present inventors have completed the present invention.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects or shortcomings in the prior art, the invention provides a circularly polarized frequency adjustable solid color center microwave control system and method without a phase shifter, and the system can generate a circularly polarized microwave magnetic field without the phase shifter by arranging a feed port on a diagonal line in a rectangular antenna frame of a circularly polarized frequency adjustable antenna to receive a microwave signal output by a microwave signal source device, thereby realizing the selective transition of the solid color center energy level, enabling the selective transition of the solid color center energy level to be possible in a zero magnetic field environment, and providing favorable conditions for realizing miniaturization of a solid color center quantum precision measurement device.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the circularly polarized frequency adjustable solid color center microwave control system without the phase shifter is characterized by comprising a circularly polarized frequency adjustable antenna, wherein the circularly polarized frequency adjustable antenna is provided with a rectangular antenna frame, a solid color center sample placing area is arranged at the center of the rectangular antenna frame, and a feed port is arranged on a diagonal line in the rectangular antenna frame to receive microwave signals output by a microwave signal source device.
The four vertex angles of the rectangular antenna frame are provided with variable capacitance diodes, and the four variable capacitance diodes are connected with four voltage adjusting devices in a one-to-one mode.
The voltage adjusting device changes the overall impedance of the circularly polarized frequency adjustable antenna by changing the voltages at the two ends of the variable capacitance diode, so that the frequency adjusting function is realized, and the resonant frequency of the circularly polarized frequency adjustable antenna is matched with the frequency of the solid color center sample.
The solid color center sample is a diamond NV color center sample.
The rectangular antenna frame is connected to a substrate, the substrate is connected with a three-axis displacement table through an antenna support, and the three-axis displacement table and the circularly polarized frequency adjustable antenna form an antenna platform device.
The microwave signal source device comprises a microwave source, a microwave switch and a power amplifier which are connected in sequence, and the power amplifier is connected with the circularly polarized frequency adjustable antenna.
The microwave source and the microwave switch are respectively connected with a computer control system, and the microwave switch provides fed microwave signals for the feed port under the control of the computer control system.
The microwave source and the microwave switch are respectively connected with a computer control system, and the computer control system sends out an instruction to enable the microwave source to send out a microwave signal, and the microwave signal is amplified by the power amplifier after passing through the microwave switch and is input to the feed port through a transmission line.
After the microwave source of the microwave signal source device generates microwaves, the microwave switch changes continuous microwave input into pulse microwave output under the control of the computer control system, and the microwave pulses are amplified by the power amplifier and input to the feed port through a transmission line.
The circularly polarized frequency-adjustable solid color center microwave control method without a phase shifter is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
fixing a solid color center sample in a sample placing area of a circularly polarized frequency adjustable antenna of an antenna platform device, connecting the circularly polarized frequency adjustable antenna with an antenna bracket, and fixing the circularly polarized frequency adjustable antenna on a three-axis displacement table;
connecting a variable capacitance diode of a circular polarization frequency adjustable antenna in the antenna platform device with a voltage adjusting device;
controlling a microwave signal source device to output a path of amplified microwave pulse by a computer control system, and inputting the path of amplified microwave pulse into a feed port of a circular polarization frequency adjustable antenna in an antenna platform device through a transmission line, wherein the circular polarization frequency adjustable antenna is provided with a rectangular antenna frame, and the feed port is positioned on a diagonal line in the rectangular antenna frame;
after receiving microwave signals, the circularly polarized frequency adjustable antenna of the antenna platform device generates a circularly polarized microwave magnetic field due to the special design that the feed port is positioned on the diagonal line in the rectangular antenna frame;
and adjusting the voltage of the voltage adjusting device, and changing the capacitance of a variable capacitance diode in the antenna platform device, thereby changing the resonant frequency of the circularly polarized frequency adjustable antenna to be matched with the frequency of the solid color center sample.
The invention has the following technical effects: the circularly polarized frequency-adjustable solid color center microwave control system and the method without the phase shifter can realize the circularly polarization without the phase shifter due to the special design of the antenna feed point position (namely, the antenna feed port is arranged on the diagonal line in the rectangular antenna frame). In addition, the capacitance value of a variable capacitance diode on the antenna can be changed by changing the voltage of the voltage adjusting device, so that the overall impedance of the circularly polarized frequency adjustable antenna is adjusted, and the frequency adjustable function (namely, the resonant frequency of the circularly polarized frequency adjustable antenna can be changed) is realized. The invention does not need a phase shifter, has simple experimental environment, small volume and good robustness, and the generated microwave is radiated on the solid color center sample to provide technical support for quantum state control of the solid color center.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that: the resonant frequency offset caused by factors such as near-field coupling, internal noise influence, processing error, electromagnetic environment interference, size parameter change and the like can be adjusted by changing the voltage values at two ends of the variable capacitance diode on the circularly polarized frequency adjustable antenna so as to change the resonant frequency of the antenna, so that the off-resonance phenomenon caused by the mismatch of the frequency and the solid color center frequency can be reduced, the signal-to-noise ratio of the system is improved, and the system has robustness to noise. Meanwhile, the antenna adopts a specially designed feed point, so that the system can generate a circularly polarized microwave magnetic field without a phase shifter, selective transition of the color center level is realized, selective transition of the color center level in a zero magnetic field environment becomes possible, and important conditions are provided for realizing miniaturization of a solid color center quantum precision measurement device.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a circularly polarized frequency tunable solid color center microwave manipulation system without a phase shifter for implementing the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the antenna platform device in fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the circular polarization frequency tunable antenna in fig. 1.
FIG. 4 is a schematic flow chart of a method for performing circularly polarized frequency tunable solid color center microwave manipulation without a phase shifter in accordance with the present invention.
The reference numbers are listed below: 1-a computer control system; 2-a microwave signal source device; 3-an antenna platform arrangement; 4-a voltage regulating device; 5-a power amplifier; 6-microwave switch; 7-a microwave source; 31-a circularly polarized frequency tunable antenna; 32-an antenna mount; 33-a three-axis displacement table; 311-varactors; 312-feed port or antenna feed point; 313-solid color center sample placement area or solid color center sample (e.g., diamond NV color center sample, diamond NV color center, nitrogen-vacancy center); 314-a substrate; 315-a via; 316-rectangular antenna frame.
510-fixing a solid color center sample in a sample placement area of a circularly polarized frequency adjustable antenna 31 of the antenna platform device 3, connecting the circularly polarized frequency adjustable antenna 31 with an antenna support 32, and fixing the circularly polarized frequency adjustable antenna 31 on a triaxial displacement table 33; 520-connecting the varactor diode 311 of the circular polarization frequency tunable antenna 31 in the antenna platform assembly 3 with the voltage regulator assembly 4; 530-controlling the signal source device 2 to output a path of amplified microwave pulse by the computer control system 1, and inputting the path of amplified microwave pulse to the feed port 312 of the circular polarization frequency adjustable antenna 31 in the antenna platform device 3 through a transmission line; 540-after the circularly polarized frequency tunable antenna 31 of the antenna platform apparatus 3 receives the microwave signal, due to the special design of the feed point position, a circularly polarized microwave magnetic field is generated; 550-adjusting the voltage of the voltage adjusting device 4 to change the capacitance of the capacitance diode 311 in the antenna platform device 3, thereby changing the resonant frequency of the circularly polarized frequency tunable antenna 31.
Detailed Description
The invention is described below with reference to the accompanying drawings (fig. 1-4).
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a circularly polarized frequency tunable solid color center microwave manipulation system without a phase shifter for implementing the present invention. Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the antenna platform device in fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the circular polarization frequency tunable antenna in fig. 1. As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the circularly polarized frequency tunable solid color center microwave steering system without a phase shifter includes a circularly polarized frequency tunable antenna 31, the circularly polarized frequency tunable antenna 31 has a rectangular antenna frame 316, a solid color center sample placing region 313 is located at the center of the rectangular antenna frame 316, and a feeding port 312 is disposed on a diagonal line in the rectangular antenna frame 316 to receive a microwave signal output by a microwave signal source apparatus 2. The four top corners of the rectangular antenna frame 316 are provided with varactors 311, and the four varactors 311 are connected with four voltage adjusting devices 4 in a one-to-one manner. The voltage adjusting device 4 changes the overall impedance of the circularly polarized frequency tunable antenna 31 by changing the voltage across the varactor diode 311, so as to realize the frequency tuning function, and match the resonant frequency of the circularly polarized frequency tunable antenna 31 with the frequency of the solid color center sample. The solid color center sample is a diamond NV color center sample. The rectangular antenna frame 316 is connected to the substrate 314, the substrate 314 is connected to the triaxial displacement table 33 through the antenna support 32, and the triaxial displacement table 33 and the circularly polarized frequency tunable antenna 31 form the antenna platform device 3. The microwave signal source device 2 comprises a microwave source 7, a microwave switch 6 and a power amplifier 5 which are connected in sequence, and the power amplifier 5 is connected with the circularly polarized frequency adjustable antenna 31. The microwave source 7 and the microwave switch 6 are respectively connected to the computer control system 1, and the microwave switch 6 provides a fed microwave signal to the feeding port 312 under the control of the computer control system 1. The microwave source 7 and the microwave switch 6 are respectively connected to the computer control system 1, and the computer control system 1 sends out an instruction to make the microwave source 7 send out a microwave signal, which is amplified by the power amplifier 5 after passing through the microwave switch 6 and then input to the feeding port 312 (i.e. an antenna feeding point) through a transmission line.
After the microwave source 7 of the microwave signal source device 2 generates microwaves, the microwave switch 6 changes the continuous microwave input into pulse microwave output under the control of the computer control system 1, and the microwave pulses are finally amplified by the power amplifier 5 and input to the feed port 312 through a transmission line.
As shown in fig. 4, the method for operating and controlling a circularly polarized frequency tunable solid color center microwave without a phase shifter includes the following steps: step 510, fixing a solid color center sample in a sample placement area of a circularly polarized frequency adjustable antenna of an antenna platform device, connecting the circularly polarized frequency adjustable antenna with an antenna support, and fixing the circularly polarized frequency adjustable antenna on a triaxial displacement table; step 520, connecting a variable capacitance diode of a circular polarization frequency adjustable antenna in the antenna platform device with a voltage adjusting device; step 530, controlling a microwave signal source device to output a path of amplified microwave pulse by using a computer control system, and inputting the path of amplified microwave pulse into a feed port of a circular polarization frequency adjustable antenna in an antenna platform device through a transmission line, wherein the circular polarization frequency adjustable antenna is provided with a rectangular antenna frame, and the feed port is positioned on a diagonal line in the rectangular antenna frame; step 540, after receiving the microwave signal, the circularly polarized frequency adjustable antenna of the antenna platform device generates a circularly polarized microwave magnetic field due to the special design that the feed port is positioned on the diagonal line in the rectangular antenna frame; step 550, adjusting the voltage of the voltage adjusting device, and changing the capacitance of the varactor in the antenna platform device, thereby changing the resonant frequency of the circularly polarized frequency tunable antenna to match the frequency of the solid color center sample.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a basic structure of a circular polarization frequency tunable solid color center microwave control system without a phase shifter. A circularly polarized frequency tunable solid color center (one example is a diamond NV color center) microwave manipulation system without a phase shifter, and the necessary technical core of the system comprises: the system comprises a computer control system 1, a signal source device 2, an antenna platform device 3 and a voltage regulating device 4;
the computer control system 1 is used for controlling the microwave frequency and power of the microwave source in the signal source device 2 and controlling the time interval of the microwave switch, and is connected with the microwave source and the microwave switch of the signal source device 2;
after the microwave source in the signal source device 2 generates microwaves, the microwave switch changes continuous microwave input into pulse microwave output under the control of the computer control system, and the microwave pulses are amplified by the power amplifier and input to the feed point of the antenna platform device 3 through the transmission line;
the antenna platform device 3 is characterized in that a circularly polarized frequency adjustable antenna is fixedly connected to a triaxial displacement table through an antenna support, the position of the center of the antenna in the space is changed by rotating a knob on the triaxial displacement table, a solid color center sample is positioned at the center of the antenna, microwave generated by the antenna is radiated onto the sample to realize quantum state control on the sample, and four variable capacitance diodes on the antenna are connected with a voltage adjusting device 4;
the voltage adjusting device 4 can change the voltage at two ends of the variable capacitance diode on the antenna platform device 3, thereby changing the overall impedance of the antenna and realizing the function of adjusting the frequency.
The system acts on a solid color center sample in the antenna platform device 3, and the generated microwave magnetic field is used for controlling the solid color center, which is an important premise for realizing quantum precision measurement. The circularly polarized microwave magnetic field generated by the system can realize selective transition of the color center energy level. Meanwhile, the resonance frequency offset of the system caused by factors such as near-field coupling, internal noise influence, processing error, electromagnetic environment interference, size parameter change and the like can be adjusted by changing the voltage values at two ends of the variable capacitance diode on the circularly polarized frequency adjustable antenna of the antenna platform device 3, so that the resonance frequency of the antenna is changed, the non-resonance phenomenon caused by the mismatch of the frequency and the solid color center frequency is reduced, the signal-to-noise ratio of the system is improved, and the system has robustness to noise. The circularly polarized frequency adjustable antenna can provide a circularly polarized frequency adjustable microwave magnetic field with low return loss, so that the precision of quantum precision measurement is improved.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a basic structure of an antenna platform apparatus 3 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The antenna platform device 3 comprises a circularly polarized frequency adjustable antenna 31, an antenna support 32 and a three-axis displacement table 33. The essential technical core of the antenna platform device 3 is a circularly polarized tunable frequency antenna 31. The circularly polarized frequency tunable antenna 31 is mainly characterized in that: the antenna is specially designed, is positioned at a diagonal feed point, can generate a circularly polarized microwave magnetic field without a phase shifter, adjusts the whole impedance of the antenna by changing the voltage at two ends of a variable capacitance diode, and enables the frequency of the antenna to be matched with a solid color center by changing the resonant frequency of the antenna, which is the key for inhibiting the non-resonance phenomenon between the solid color center and the microwave magnetic field. For convenience of explanation, the following description will be made on the composition and operation of the circularly polarized frequency tunable antenna 31.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a circular polarization frequency tunable antenna 31 in an antenna platform apparatus 3 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The circularly polarized frequency tunable antenna 31 includes: varactor 311, feed port 312, sample placement area 313, substrate 314, via 315, and rectangular antenna 316.
The solid color center sample is placed in the sample placing region 313 of the circularly polarized frequency tunable antenna 31, and the feeding port 312 is connected to the microwave signal output by the signal source device 2. The circularly polarized frequency tunable antenna 31 changes the overall impedance of the antenna by adjusting the voltage across the varactor diode 311, thereby changing the resonant frequency of the antenna and providing a circularly polarized frequency tunable microwave magnetic field with low return loss without a phase shifter.
Fig. 4 is a schematic flow chart of a circular polarization frequency tunable solid color center microwave control method without a phase shifter according to an embodiment of the present invention, including the following steps:
step 510, fixing the solid color center sample in a sample placement area of the circularly polarized frequency adjustable antenna 31 of the antenna platform device 3, connecting the circularly polarized frequency adjustable antenna 31 with the antenna support 32, and fixing the circularly polarized frequency adjustable antenna 31 on the three-axis displacement table 33;
step 520, connecting the varactor diode 311 of the circular polarization frequency adjustable antenna 31 in the antenna platform device 3 with the voltage adjusting device 4;
step 530, controlling the signal source device 2 to output a path of amplified microwave pulse by the computer control system 1, and inputting the path of amplified microwave pulse to the feed port 312 of the circular polarization frequency adjustable antenna 31 in the antenna platform device 3 through a transmission line;
step 540, after the circularly polarized frequency adjustable antenna 31 of the antenna platform device 3 receives the microwave signal, a circularly polarized microwave magnetic field is generated due to the special design of the feed point position;
step 550, adjusting the voltage of the voltage adjusting device 4, and changing the capacitance of the capacitance diode 311 in the antenna platform device 3, thereby changing the resonant frequency of the circularly polarized frequency adjustable antenna 31.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the invention may be practiced without these specific details.
It is pointed out here that the above description is helpful for the person skilled in the art to understand the invention, but does not limit the scope of protection of the invention. Any such equivalents, modifications and/or omissions as may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention may be resorted to.
Claims (10)
1. The circularly polarized frequency adjustable solid color center microwave control system without the phase shifter is characterized by comprising a circularly polarized frequency adjustable antenna, wherein the circularly polarized frequency adjustable antenna is provided with a rectangular antenna frame, a solid color center sample placing area is arranged at the center of the rectangular antenna frame, and a feed port is arranged on a diagonal line in the rectangular antenna frame to receive microwave signals output by a microwave signal source device.
2. The system as claimed in claim 1, wherein varactors are disposed at four corners of the rectangular antenna frame, and four voltage regulators are connected to the four varactors in a one-to-one manner.
3. The system as claimed in claim 2, wherein the voltage adjusting means is configured to change the overall impedance of the circular polarization frequency tunable antenna by changing the voltage across the varactor diode, so as to achieve a frequency tunable function, such that the resonant frequency of the circular polarization frequency tunable antenna matches the frequency of the solid color center sample.
4. The phase shifter-less circularly polarized frequency tunable solid color center microwave manipulation system of claim 1, wherein the solid color center sample is a diamond NV color center sample.
5. The system of claim 1, wherein the rectangular antenna frame is attached to a substrate, the substrate is attached to a three-axis translation stage via an antenna mount, and the three-axis translation stage and the circularly polarized frequency tunable antenna form an antenna platform assembly.
6. The system of claim 1, wherein the microwave signal source device comprises a microwave source, a microwave switch and a power amplifier, which are connected in sequence, and the power amplifier is connected to the circularly polarized frequency tunable antenna.
7. The system of claim 6, wherein the microwave source and the microwave switch are respectively connected to a computer control system, and the microwave switch provides the fed microwave signal to the feeding port under the control of the computer control system.
8. The system of claim 6, wherein the microwave source and the microwave switch are respectively connected to a computer control system, and the computer control system issues instructions to cause the microwave source to emit a microwave signal, which is amplified by the power amplifier after passing through the microwave switch, and then input to the feed port through a transmission line.
9. The system of claim 6, wherein the microwave switch is controlled by the computer control system to change the continuous microwave input into the pulsed microwave output after the microwave source of the microwave signal source device generates the microwave, and the microwave pulse is finally amplified by the power amplifier and input to the feed port through the transmission line.
10. The circularly polarized frequency-adjustable solid color center microwave control method without a phase shifter is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
fixing a solid color center sample in a sample placing area of a circularly polarized frequency adjustable antenna of an antenna platform device, connecting the circularly polarized frequency adjustable antenna with an antenna bracket, and fixing the circularly polarized frequency adjustable antenna on a three-axis displacement table;
connecting a variable capacitance diode of a circular polarization frequency adjustable antenna in the antenna platform device with a voltage adjusting device;
controlling a microwave signal source device to output a path of amplified microwave pulse by a computer control system, and inputting the path of amplified microwave pulse into a feed port of a circular polarization frequency adjustable antenna in an antenna platform device through a transmission line, wherein the circular polarization frequency adjustable antenna is provided with a rectangular antenna frame, and the feed port is positioned on a diagonal line in the rectangular antenna frame;
after receiving microwave signals, the circularly polarized frequency adjustable antenna of the antenna platform device generates a circularly polarized microwave magnetic field due to the special design that the feed port is positioned on the diagonal line in the rectangular antenna frame;
and adjusting the voltage of the voltage adjusting device, and changing the capacitance of a variable capacitance diode in the antenna platform device, thereby changing the resonant frequency of the circularly polarized frequency adjustable antenna to be matched with the frequency of the solid color center sample.
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Application publication date: 20191220 |