CN110600162A - Solar cell conductive paste and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Solar cell conductive paste and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110600162A CN110600162A CN201911012233.2A CN201911012233A CN110600162A CN 110600162 A CN110600162 A CN 110600162A CN 201911012233 A CN201911012233 A CN 201911012233A CN 110600162 A CN110600162 A CN 110600162A
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- Prior art keywords
- solvent
- solar cell
- conductive
- conductive paste
- powder
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title description 9
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 73
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000006258 conductive agent Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000013008 thixotropic agent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- BMVXCPBXGZKUPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-hexanamine Chemical compound CCCCCCN BMVXCPBXGZKUPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethanolamine Chemical compound OCCN(CCO)CCO GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- WUOACPNHFRMFPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-terpineol Chemical compound CC1=CCC(C(C)(C)O)CC1 WUOACPNHFRMFPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- SQIFACVGCPWBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N delta-terpineol Natural products CC(C)(O)C1CCC(=C)CC1 SQIFACVGCPWBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- LLHKCFNBLRBOGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene glycol methyl ether acetate Chemical compound COCC(C)OC(C)=O LLHKCFNBLRBOGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940116411 terpineol Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- OAYXUHPQHDHDDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethanol Chemical compound CCCCOCCOCCO OAYXUHPQHDHDDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- WVDDGKGOMKODPV-ZQBYOMGUSA-N phenyl(114C)methanol Chemical compound O[14CH2]C1=CC=CC=C1 WVDDGKGOMKODPV-ZQBYOMGUSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920005792 styrene-acrylic resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000012074 organic phase Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 4
- WVDDGKGOMKODPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzyl alcohol Chemical compound OCC1=CC=CC=C1 WVDDGKGOMKODPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- OZAIFHULBGXAKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-cyanopropan-2-yldiazenyl)-2-methylpropanenitrile Chemical group N#CC(C)(C)N=NC(C)(C)C#N OZAIFHULBGXAKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl acrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C=C BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Al](Cl)Cl VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium bromide Chemical compound [Li+].[Br-] AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium chloride Chemical compound [Li+].[Cl-] KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- BHHYHSUAOQUXJK-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc fluoride Chemical compound F[Zn]F BHHYHSUAOQUXJK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229920002818 (Hydroxyethyl)methacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IBDVWXAVKPRHCU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methylprop-2-enoyloxy)ethyl 3-oxobutanoate Chemical compound CC(=O)CC(=O)OCCOC(=O)C(C)=C IBDVWXAVKPRHCU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JAHNSTQSQJOJLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-fluorophenyl)-1h-imidazole Chemical compound FC1=CC=CC(C=2NC=CN=2)=C1 JAHNSTQSQJOJLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Propenoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OMIGHNLMNHATMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroxyethyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound OCCOC(=O)C=C OMIGHNLMNHATMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GNSFRPWPOGYVLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-hydroxypropyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCCCO GNSFRPWPOGYVLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QZPSOSOOLFHYRR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-hydroxypropyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound OCCCOC(=O)C=C QZPSOSOOLFHYRR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DXPPIEDUBFUSEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-methylheptyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(C)CCCCCOC(=O)C=C DXPPIEDUBFUSEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004342 Benzoyl peroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- OMPJBNCRMGITSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzoylperoxide Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(=O)OOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 OMPJBNCRMGITSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021592 Copper(II) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JIGUQPWFLRLWPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acrylate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C=C JIGUQPWFLRLWPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WOBHKFSMXKNTIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydroxyethyl methacrylate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCCO WOBHKFSMXKNTIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methacrylic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl methacrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(C)=C VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CNCOEDDPFOAUMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylolacrylamide Chemical compound OCNC(=O)C=C CNCOEDDPFOAUMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Natural products C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC=C XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910007926 ZrCl Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019400 benzoyl peroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019445 benzyl alcohol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl acrylate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C=C CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005387 chalcogenide glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- ORTQZVOHEJQUHG-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) chloride Chemical compound Cl[Cu]Cl ORTQZVOHEJQUHG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- VOZRXNHHFUQHIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N glycidyl methacrylate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCC1CO1 VOZRXNHHFUQHIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- LVHBHZANLOWSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylenebutanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(=C)C(O)=O LVHBHZANLOWSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- UUORTJUPDJJXST-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-(2-hydroxyethyl)prop-2-enamide Chemical compound OCCNC(=O)C=C UUORTJUPDJJXST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OMNKZBIFPJNNIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-(2-methyl-4-oxopentan-2-yl)prop-2-enamide Chemical compound CC(=O)CC(C)(C)NC(=O)C=C OMNKZBIFPJNNIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000620 organic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N pent‐4‐en‐2‐one Natural products CC(=O)CC=C PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000379 polymerizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007650 screen-printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003011 styrenyl group Chemical group [H]\C(*)=C(/[H])C1=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
- H01B1/14—Conductive material dispersed in non-conductive inorganic material
- H01B1/16—Conductive material dispersed in non-conductive inorganic material the conductive material comprising metals or alloys
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
- H01B1/20—Conductive material dispersed in non-conductive organic material
- H01B1/22—Conductive material dispersed in non-conductive organic material the conductive material comprising metals or alloys
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B13/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/02—Details
- H01L31/0224—Electrodes
- H01L31/022408—Electrodes for devices characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier
- H01L31/022425—Electrodes for devices characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier for solar cells
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
Abstract
The solar cell conductive paste provided by the invention adopts the nanoscale glass powder and the nanoscale conductive powder, so that the sintering temperature can be effectively reduced, the solar cell conductive paste is convenient to use in occasions with low sintering temperature, such as a back passivated solar cell (PERC), and meanwhile, the sphericity of the glass powder and the sphericity of the conductive powder are less than 0.5 to form a pinning effect and a bridging effect, so that the solar cell conductive paste is more uniformly dispersed in a resin matrix, the adhesion capability of the solar cell conductive paste is enhanced, the conductivity of the solar cell conductive paste is also facilitated to be improved, and the conversion efficiency of the solar cell is enhanced. Furthermore, the resin matrix adopts three solvents with different boiling points, which is beneficial to the uniform volatilization of organic phases and improves the film forming quality.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a solar cell material, in particular to solar cell conductive paste and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The problem that the traditional energy is scarce to make the energy problem become more and more serious is more and more prominent, and the solar cell is utilized to convert solar energy into electric energy through the photoelectric effect, so that the solar cell is green, environment-friendly and pollution-free, and therefore, the research on solar power generation starts to draw more and more attention. In the process of manufacturing a solar cell, a conductive paste is generally coated on the surface of a silicon wafer by a screen printing method, and is metalized by drying and sintering to form an electrode.
The conductive paste is divided into polymer silver conductive paste and sintered silver conductive paste, wherein the polymer silver conductive paste takes an organic polymer as a bonding phase and is dried or solidified into a film, and the sintered silver conductive paste takes glass powder or oxide as the bonding phase and is sintered into the film. The solar cell panel generally adopts sintered silver conductive slurry, which comprises a conductive phase, an organic phase and an inorganic phase, wherein the conductive phase is composed of metal powder with a conductive function, and the organic phase is mainly composed of an organic solvent, a plasticizer, a thixotropic agent, a leveling agent, a surfactant and the like. However, the conductive metal powder and the glass powder in the sintered conductive paste have poor dispersion performance, are easy to agglomerate or settle, and influence the use performance of the conductive silver paste.
In order to solve the above problems, people are always seeking an ideal technical solution.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, and provides a solar cell conductive paste and a preparation method thereof.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
the invention provides a solar cell conductive paste which comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 30-50 parts of resin matrix, 40-60 parts of conductive agent, 4-10 parts of glass powder and 1-6 parts of auxiliary agent;
the glass powder has a particle size of less than 200 nanometers and a sphericity of less than 0.5, and the conductive agent has a particle size of less than 100 nanometers and a sphericity of less than 0.5.
Preferably, the resin matrix comprises 70-80 parts by mass of solvent and 20-30 parts by mass of resin.
Preferably, the resin is polyurethane, polyacrylate, epoxy resin or styrene-acrylic resin.
Preferably, the solvent consists of a first solvent, a second solvent and a third solvent in a mass ratio, wherein the boiling point of the first solvent T1 is more than that of the second solvent T2 is more than that of the third solvent T3; the mass ratio of the first solvent to the second solvent to the third solvent is (1.5-2) to (0.8-1.2) to (0.3-0.5).
Preferably, the first solvent is selected from one of ethyl acetate, ethanol, isopropanol and deionized water; the second solvent is selected from one of propylene glycol methyl ether acetate, hexylamine and triethanolamine; the third solvent is selected from one of N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, benzyl alcohol, terpineol and butyl carbitol.
Preferably, the conductive agent includes a first conductive powder having a particle size of 10 to 20 nm, a second conductive powder having a particle size of 30 to 40 nm, and a third conductive powder having a particle size of 50 to 60 nm; the mass ratio of the first conductive powder to the second conductive powder to the third conductive powder is 1 (1.5-3) to 1.2.
Preferably, the conductive agent is selected from one or more of silver, copper and nickel.
Preferably, the glass frit is selected from a halogen-based glass or a sulfur-based glass.
Preferably, the auxiliaries include a plasticizer, a thixotropic agent and a leveling agent.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the solar cell conductive paste, which comprises the following steps: and slowly adding the conductive agent and the glass powder into the resin matrix in sequence, uniformly dispersing, adding the auxiliary agent, and uniformly mixing to obtain the solar cell conductive slurry.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has outstanding substantive characteristics and remarkable progress. Specifically, the method comprises the following steps:
the solar cell conductive paste provided by the invention adopts the nanoscale glass powder and the nanoscale conductive powder, so that the sintering temperature can be effectively reduced, the solar cell conductive paste is convenient to use in occasions with low sintering temperature, such as a back passivated solar cell (PERC), and meanwhile, the sphericity of the glass powder and the sphericity of the conductive powder are less than 0.5 to form a pinning effect and a bridging effect, so that the solar cell conductive paste is more uniformly dispersed in a resin matrix, the adhesion capability of the solar cell conductive paste is enhanced, the conductivity of the solar cell conductive paste is also facilitated to be improved, and the conversion efficiency of the solar cell is enhanced. Furthermore, the resin matrix adopts three solvents with different boiling points, which is beneficial to the uniform volatilization of organic phases and improves the film forming quality.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail by the following embodiments.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a solar cell conductive paste which comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 30 parts of resin matrix, 40 parts of conductive agent, 4 parts of glass powder and 1 part of auxiliary agent;
the glass powder has a particle size of less than 200 nanometers and a sphericity of less than 0.5, and the conductive agent has a particle size of less than 100 nanometers and a sphericity of less than 0.5.
Preferably, the resin matrix comprises 70 parts by mass of solvent and 30 parts by mass of resin.
Preferably, the resin is polyurethane, the solvent consists of a first solvent, a second solvent and a third solvent in a mass ratio, and the boiling point of the first solvent T1 is greater than that of the second solvent T2 is greater than that of the third solvent T3; the mass ratio of the first solvent to the second solvent to the third solvent is 1.5:0.8: 0.3.
Preferably, the first solvent is ethyl acetate, and the second solvent is propylene glycol methyl ether acetate; the third solvent is N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone.
Preferably, the conductive agent includes a first conductive powder having a particle size of 10 to 20 nm, a second conductive powder having a particle size of 30 to 40 nm, and a third conductive powder having a particle size of 50 to 60 nm; the mass ratio of the first conductive powder to the second conductive powder to the third conductive powder is 1:1.5: 1.2.
Preferably, the conductive agent is silver powder, and the glass powder is selected from halogen glass. Preferably LiCl or AlCl3、CuCl2、ZnF2、ZrCl、BeF4、ZnCl、LiBr。
Preferably, the auxiliaries include a plasticizer, a thixotropic agent and a leveling agent.
The embodiment also provides a preparation method of the solar cell conductive paste, which comprises the following steps: and slowly adding the conductive agent and the glass powder into the resin matrix in sequence, uniformly dispersing, adding the auxiliary agent, and uniformly mixing to obtain the solar cell conductive slurry.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a solar cell conductive paste which comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 50 parts of resin matrix, 60 parts of conductive agent, 10 parts of glass powder and 6 parts of auxiliary agent;
the glass powder has a particle size of less than 200 nanometers and a sphericity of less than 0.5, and the conductive agent has a particle size of less than 100 nanometers and a sphericity of less than 0.5.
Preferably, the resin matrix comprises 80 parts by mass of solvent and 20 parts by mass of resin.
Preferably, the resin is polyacrylate, the solvent consists of a first solvent, a second solvent and a third solvent in a mass ratio, and the boiling point of the first solvent T1 is greater than that of the second solvent T2 is greater than that of the third solvent T3; the mass ratio of the first solvent to the second solvent to the third solvent is 2:1.2: 0.5.
Preferably, the first solvent is ethanol; the second solvent is hexylamine; the third solvent is one of benzyl alcohol.
Preferably, the conductive agent includes a first conductive powder having a particle size of 10 to 20 nm, a second conductive powder having a particle size of 30 to 40 nm, and a third conductive powder having a particle size of 50 to 60 nm; the mass ratio of the first conductive powder to the second conductive powder to the third conductive powder is 1: 3: 1.2.
Preferably, the conductive agent comprises silver and copper, and the glass powder is selected from chalcogenide glass.
Preferably, the auxiliaries include a plasticizer, a thixotropic agent and a leveling agent.
The embodiment also provides a preparation method of the solar cell conductive paste, which comprises the following steps: and slowly adding the conductive agent and the glass powder into the resin matrix in sequence, uniformly dispersing, adding the auxiliary agent, and uniformly mixing to obtain the solar cell conductive slurry.
Preferably, the preparation method of the solar cell conductive paste comprises the following steps:
evenly mixing 1/4 organic monomer and the first conductive powder to obtain a first prepolymer, evenly mixing 1/2 monomer required by acrylate polymerization and second conductive powder to obtain a second prepolymer, evenly mixing 1/4 monomer required by acrylate polymerization, glass powder and third conductive powder to obtain a third prepolymer, mixing a third solvent and an initiator of 1/8 to obtain a kettle liquid, heating the kettle liquid to 70-80 ℃, slowly dripping into the first prepolymer, controlling dripping to be finished for 30-50min, then, slowly adding the second prepolymer and the initiator of 3/8 at the same time, controlling dripping to be finished for 1-2 h, finally, slowly adding the third prepolymer and the initiator of 1/2 at the same time, controlling dripping to be finished for 2-3 h, continuously preserving heat for 1 h, cooling to room temperature, and adding the auxiliary agent and uniformly mixing to obtain the solar cell conductive paste. By polymerizing on the surface of the conductive agent, on one hand, the dispersibility of the nano metal powder is improved, on the other hand, the stability of the system is enhanced, and agglomeration is avoided.
Preferably, the organic monomer is selected from the group consisting of styrene, vinyl acetate, methyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, ethyl acrylate, butyl acrylate, isooctyl acrylate, methacrylic acid, acrylic acid, itaconic acid, hydroxyethyl acrylate, hydroxyethyl methacrylate, hydroxypropyl acrylate and hydroxypropyl methacrylate, N-methylolacrylamide, N-hydroxyethyl acrylamide, glycidyl methacrylate, diacetone acrylamide and acetoacetoxyethyl methacrylate. The initiator is selected from azobisisobutyronitrile, azobisisoheptonitrile and benzoyl peroxide.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a solar cell conductive paste which comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 35 parts of resin matrix, 55 parts of conductive agent, 6 parts of glass powder and 5 parts of auxiliary agent;
the glass powder has a particle size of less than 200 nanometers and a sphericity of less than 0.5, and the conductive agent has a particle size of less than 100 nanometers and a sphericity of less than 0.5.
Preferably, the resin matrix comprises 75 parts by mass of solvent and 25 parts by mass of resin.
Preferably, the resin is epoxy resin, the solvent consists of a first solvent, a second solvent and a third solvent in a mass ratio, and the boiling point of the first solvent T1 is greater than that of the second solvent T2 is greater than that of the third solvent T3; the mass ratio of the first solvent to the second solvent to the third solvent is 1.8:1: 0.4.
Preferably, the first solvent is isopropanol; the second solvent is triethanolamine; the third solvent is terpineol.
Preferably, the conductive agent includes a first conductive powder having a particle size of 10 to 20 nm, a second conductive powder having a particle size of 30 to 40 nm, and a third conductive powder having a particle size of 50 to 60 nm; the mass ratio of the first conductive powder to the second conductive powder to the third conductive powder is 1:2: 1.2.
Preferably, the conductive agent is silver, and the glass frit is selected from halogen glass.
Preferably, the auxiliaries include a plasticizer, a thixotropic agent and a leveling agent.
The embodiment also provides a preparation method of the solar cell conductive paste, which comprises the following steps: and slowly adding the conductive agent and the glass powder into the resin matrix in sequence, uniformly dispersing, adding the auxiliary agent, and uniformly mixing to obtain the solar cell conductive slurry.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention and not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art will understand that: modifications to the specific embodiments of the invention or equivalent substitutions for parts of the technical features may be made; without departing from the spirit of the present invention, it is intended to cover all aspects of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The solar cell conductive paste is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by mass: 30-50 parts of resin matrix, 40-60 parts of conductive agent, 4-10 parts of glass powder and 1-6 parts of auxiliary agent;
the glass powder has a particle size of less than 200 nanometers and a sphericity of less than 0.5, and the conductive agent has a particle size of less than 100 nanometers and a sphericity of less than 0.5.
2. The solar cell conductive paste according to claim 1, wherein the resin matrix comprises 70-80 parts by mass of a solvent and 20-30 parts by mass of a resin.
3. The solar cell conductive paste according to claim 2, wherein the resin is polyurethane, polyacrylate, epoxy resin or styrene-acrylic resin.
4. The solar cell conductive paste according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the solvent consists of a first solvent, a second solvent and a third solvent in a mass ratio, the boiling point of the first solvent T1 > the second solvent T2 > the third solvent T3; the mass ratio of the first solvent to the second solvent to the third solvent is (1.5-2) to (0.8-1.2) to (0.3-0.5).
5. The solar cell conductive paste according to claim 4, wherein the first solvent is selected from one of ethyl acetate, ethanol, isopropanol and deionized water; the second solvent is selected from one of propylene glycol methyl ether acetate, hexylamine and triethanolamine; the third solvent is selected from one of N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, benzyl alcohol, terpineol and butyl carbitol.
6. The solar cell conductive paste according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the conductive agent comprises a first conductive powder having a particle size of 10 to 20 nm, a second conductive powder having a particle size of 30 to 40 nm, and a third conductive powder having a particle size of 50 to 60 nm; the mass ratio of the first conductive powder to the second conductive powder to the third conductive powder is 1 (1.5-3) to 1.2.
7. The solar cell conductive paste according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the conductive agent is selected from one or more of silver, copper and nickel.
8. The solar cell conductive paste according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the glass frit is selected from a halogen-based glass or a sulfur-based glass.
9. The solar cell conductive paste according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the auxiliary agent comprises a plasticizer, a thixotropic agent and a leveling agent.
10. A method for preparing a solar cell conductive paste according to any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising the steps of: and slowly adding the conductive agent and the glass powder into the resin matrix in sequence, uniformly dispersing, adding the auxiliary agent, and uniformly mixing to obtain the solar cell conductive slurry.
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