CN110598357A - A method, device, equipment and storage medium for stress deformation simulation of welded joints - Google Patents

A method, device, equipment and storage medium for stress deformation simulation of welded joints Download PDF

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CN110598357A
CN110598357A CN201910913820.2A CN201910913820A CN110598357A CN 110598357 A CN110598357 A CN 110598357A CN 201910913820 A CN201910913820 A CN 201910913820A CN 110598357 A CN110598357 A CN 110598357A
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mechanical
welding
stress
finite element
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庞盛永
王靖升
梁吕捷
胡仁志
李一凡
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Huazhong University of Science and Technology
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Huazhong University of Science and Technology
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Abstract

本发明实施例提供一种焊接接头应力变形仿真方法、装置、设备及存储介质,方法包括:获取焊接接头的有限元模型;基于所述有限元模型,根据预先设定的焊接工艺参数、换热边界条件以及控制参数求解温度场,以获取温度场分布;获取材料在不同约束边界条件下的力学曲线,基于所述有限元模型和所述温度场分布进行力学曲线的匹配,并获取与匹配得到的所述力学曲线对应的本构模型;基于所述本构模型进行力学场求解,以获取所述焊接接头的应力变形分布。本发明通过建立与工程实际匹配的力学曲线接口,可以迅速并且准确地进行本构模型材料参数的定义,提高了仿真过程中本构模型适配的多样性和灵活性。

Embodiments of the present invention provide a method, device, equipment, and storage medium for stress deformation simulation of welded joints. The method includes: obtaining a finite element model of the welded joint; The boundary conditions and control parameters are used to solve the temperature field to obtain the temperature field distribution; obtain the mechanical curve of the material under different constraint boundary conditions, and perform matching of the mechanical curve based on the finite element model and the temperature field distribution, and obtain and match to obtain A constitutive model corresponding to the mechanical curve of the above-mentioned constitutive model; performing a mechanical field solution based on the constitutive model to obtain the stress and deformation distribution of the welded joint. The invention can quickly and accurately define the material parameters of the constitutive model by establishing the mechanical curve interface matched with the actual engineering, and improves the diversity and flexibility of constitutive model adaptation in the simulation process.

Description

一种焊接接头应力变形仿真方法、装置、设备及存储介质A method, device, equipment and storage medium for stress deformation simulation of welded joints

技术领域technical field

本发明涉及焊接数值模拟技术领域,具体而言,涉及一种焊接接头应力变形仿真方法、装置、设备及存储介质。The invention relates to the technical field of welding numerical simulation, in particular to a stress deformation simulation method, device, equipment and storage medium of a welded joint.

背景技术Background technique

焊接残余应力、焊接残余塑性应变和焊接残余变形会对焊接结构的服役和使用寿命产生有害的影响。众所周知,拉伸焊接残余应力会加速裂纹萌生和生长,焊接残余塑性应变是结构内部微观缺陷的代表性度量,而焊接残余变形则影响结构后续加工和装配,继而影响结构的服役性能和使用寿命。这些方面都表明,获取焊接接头中高精度高可靠性的应力变形结果具有非常重要的意义。Welding residual stress, welding residual plastic strain and welding residual deformation will have harmful effects on the service and service life of welded structures. It is well known that tensile welding residual stress can accelerate crack initiation and growth, welding residual plastic strain is a representative measure of microscopic defects inside the structure, and welding residual deformation affects the subsequent processing and assembly of the structure, which in turn affects the service performance and service life of the structure. These aspects all show that it is of great significance to obtain high-precision and high-reliability stress-deformation results in welded joints.

随着焊接CAE仿真技术的快速发展,焊接接头应力变形仿真已逐渐成为焊接工艺制定、焊接工艺评定和焊接结构完整性评估等工程生产中的重要环节,能够比实验手段更高效更全面的获得焊接接头应力变形的全场结果,极大地降低成本,提高效率。With the rapid development of welding CAE simulation technology, the stress and deformation simulation of welded joints has gradually become an important link in engineering production such as welding process formulation, welding process evaluation, and welding structural integrity evaluation. It can obtain welding results more efficiently and comprehensively than experimental methods. The full-field results of joint stress and deformation greatly reduce costs and improve efficiency.

本构模型是焊接接头应力变形仿真方法中最重要的部分,直接决定了应力,应变和变形的计算结果。然而现有的焊接接头应力变形仿真方法具有固定的流程和固定的本构模型,需要手动输入材料在多种情况下的参数,仅能通过工程师的知识判断采用何种本构模型,且不具有实现复杂模型的能力,只能基于非常简化的假设。这些方法在本构模型多样性,灵活性和便捷性上不能满足工程生产实际中复杂的仿真需求。The constitutive model is the most important part in the stress-deformation simulation method of welded joints, which directly determines the calculation results of stress, strain and deformation. However, the existing stress-deformation simulation methods for welded joints have a fixed process and a fixed constitutive model, which requires manual input of material parameters in various situations, which can only be judged by the knowledge of engineers, and does not have The ability to implement complex models can only be based on very simplified assumptions. These methods cannot meet the complex simulation requirements in actual engineering production in terms of the diversity, flexibility and convenience of constitutive models.

发明内容Contents of the invention

有鉴于此,本发明实施例的目的在于提供一种焊接接头应力变形仿真方法、装置、设备及存储介质,以改善现有技术中本构模型匹配多样性、灵活性、便捷性差的问题。In view of this, the purpose of the embodiments of the present invention is to provide a stress deformation simulation method, device, equipment and storage medium for welded joints, so as to improve the problems of poor matching diversity, flexibility and convenience of constitutive models in the prior art.

本发明较佳实施例提供了一种焊接接头应力变形仿真方法,包括:A preferred embodiment of the present invention provides a method for simulating stress and deformation of a welded joint, comprising:

获取焊接接头的有限元模型;Obtain the finite element model of the welded joint;

基于所述有限元模型,根据预先设定的焊接工艺参数、换热边界条件以及控制参数求解温度场,以获取温度场分布;其中,所述边界条件包括力学边界条件;Based on the finite element model, the temperature field is solved according to the preset welding process parameters, heat transfer boundary conditions and control parameters to obtain the temperature field distribution; wherein the boundary conditions include mechanical boundary conditions;

获取材料在不同约束边界条件下的力学曲线,基于所述温度场数据所述有限元模型和所述温度场分布进行力学曲线的匹配,并获取与匹配得到的和所述力学曲线进行对应的本构模型适配;Obtaining mechanical curves of materials under different constraint boundary conditions, matching the mechanical curves based on the finite element model of the temperature field data and the temperature field distribution, and obtaining the corresponding mechanical curves obtained from the matching Structural model adaptation;

基于所述本构模型进行力学场求解,以获取所述焊接接头的应力变形分布。A mechanical field solution is performed based on the constitutive model to obtain the stress and deformation distribution of the welded joint.

优选地,所述获取焊接接头的有限元模型,具体包括:Preferably, said obtaining the finite element model of the welded joint specifically includes:

获取焊接接头的CAD模型;Obtain the CAD model of the welded joint;

获取基本区域和焊道区域;其中,所述基本区域经所述CAD模型切割后生成,包括焊缝区域、焊接热影响区域和母材区域,所述焊道区域经所述焊缝区域切割后生成;Obtain the basic area and the weld bead area; wherein, the basic area is generated after being cut by the CAD model, including the weld seam area, the welding heat-affected zone and the base metal area, and the weld bead area is cut by the weld seam area generate;

基于所述基本区域和所述焊道区域进行网格划分,以获取有限元模型。Mesh division is performed based on the basic area and the weld bead area to obtain a finite element model.

优选地,所述焊缝区域为经历过至少一次熔化凝固物理过程的区域;所述焊接热影响区域为材料组织或者性能受加热影响发生变化的区域;所述母材区域为材料组织或者性能始终没有发生变化的区域;所述焊道区域为焊缝区域内某一次熔化凝固过程形成的单道区域。Preferably, the weld area is an area that has undergone at least one physical process of melting and solidification; the welding heat-affected zone is an area where the material structure or performance changes due to heating; the base metal area is a material structure or performance that is always There is no area that changes; the weld bead area is a single-pass area formed by a certain melting and solidification process in the weld area.

优选地,所述边界条件换热边界条件还包括以下至少之一:Preferably, the boundary condition heat exchange boundary condition further includes at least one of the following:

对流换热边界条件和、辐射换热边界条件。Convective heat transfer boundary conditions and radiation heat transfer boundary conditions.

优选地,所述力学曲线来源为:Preferably, the source of the mechanical curve is:

标准式样的力学加载试验、标准式样的热模拟试验、性能软件模拟或文献查阅。Standard style mechanical loading test, standard style thermal simulation test, performance software simulation or literature review.

优选地,所述获取材料在不同约束边界条件下的力学曲线,基于所述有限元模型和所述温度场分布进行力学曲线的匹配,并获取与匹配得到的所述力学曲线对应的本构模型获取材料在不同条件下的力学曲线,以基于所述温度场数据和所述力学曲线进行本构模型适配,具体包括:Preferably, the acquisition of the mechanical curves of the material under different constraint boundary conditions, the matching of the mechanical curves based on the finite element model and the temperature field distribution, and the acquisition of the constitutive model corresponding to the matched mechanical curves Obtaining mechanical curves of materials under different conditions to perform constitutive model adaptation based on the temperature field data and the mechanical curves, specifically including:

获取温度场数据分布;Obtain the temperature field data distribution;

获取基于所述温度场数据分布划分所述有限元模型生成的模型基本区域以及各模型区域的温度区间;Obtaining the basic area of the model generated by dividing the finite element model based on the temperature field data distribution and the temperature range of each model area;

匹配所述基本模型区域和所述温度区间的力学曲线,以基于所述力学曲线获取相适配的本构模型。and matching the mechanical curves of the basic model region and the temperature range, so as to obtain a matched constitutive model based on the mechanical curves.

优选地,基于所述本构模型进行力学场求解,以获取所述焊接接头的应力变形分布之后,还包括:Preferably, after solving the mechanical field based on the constitutive model to obtain the stress and deformation distribution of the welded joint, it also includes:

对所述温度场和/或力学场的数据进行可视化处理。Perform visualization processing on the data of the temperature field and/or the mechanical field.

本发明实施例还提供了一种焊接接头应力变形仿真装置,包括:The embodiment of the present invention also provides a stress deformation simulation device for welded joints, including:

有限元模型获取单元,用于获取焊接接头的有限元模型;A finite element model acquisition unit is used to obtain a finite element model of the welded joint;

温度场分布获取单元,用于基于所述有限元模型,根据预先设定的焊接工艺参数、换热边界条件以及控制参数求解温度场,以获取温度场分布;其中,所述边界条件包括力学边界条件;The temperature field distribution acquisition unit is used to solve the temperature field according to the preset welding process parameters, heat transfer boundary conditions and control parameters based on the finite element model, so as to obtain the temperature field distribution; wherein the boundary conditions include mechanical boundaries condition;

本构模型适配单元,用于获取材料在不同约束边界条件下的力学曲线,基于所述有限元模型和所述温度场分布进行力学曲线的匹配,并获取与匹配得到的所述力学曲线对应的本构模型获取材料在不同条件下的力学曲线,基于所述温度场数据和所述力学曲线进行本构模型适配;The constitutive model adaptation unit is used to obtain the mechanical curve of the material under different constraint boundary conditions, perform matching of the mechanical curve based on the finite element model and the temperature field distribution, and obtain the corresponding mechanical curve obtained by matching The constitutive model obtains the mechanical curve of the material under different conditions, and performs constitutive model adaptation based on the temperature field data and the mechanical curve;

应力变形分布获取单元,用于基于所述本构模型进行力学场求解,以获取所述焊接接头的应力变形分布。The stress and deformation distribution obtaining unit is configured to solve the mechanical field based on the constitutive model, so as to obtain the stress and deformation distribution of the welded joint.

本发明实施例还提供了一种焊接接头应力变形仿真设备,包括存储器、处理器及存储在存储器上并可在处理器上运行的计算机程序,所述处理器执行所述程序时实现如上所述的焊接接头应力变形仿真方法。The embodiment of the present invention also provides a welded joint stress and deformation simulation device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored on the memory and operable on the processor. When the processor executes the program, the above-mentioned Simulation method of stress and deformation of welded joints.

本发明还提供了一种计算机可读存储介质,其上存储有计算机程序,其特征在于,该程序被处理器执行时实现如上所述的焊接接头应力变形仿真方法。The present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, which is characterized in that, when the program is executed by a processor, the method for simulating stress and deformation of a welded joint as described above is realized.

本发明提供的焊接接头应力变形仿真方法结合力学曲线,通过建立与工程实际匹配的力学曲线接口,可以迅速并且准确地进行本构模型材料参数的定义,根据工程师需求实现即时的筛选、修改和删除,解决了工程实际仿真中本构模型材料参数多次转换、缺少灵活性的问题,提供了与材料力学性能测试和仿真研究无缝对接的方案。The stress-deformation simulation method of welded joints provided by the present invention is combined with mechanical curves. By establishing a mechanical curve interface that matches the actual engineering, the material parameters of the constitutive model can be quickly and accurately defined, and real-time screening, modification and deletion can be realized according to the needs of engineers. , which solves the problem of multiple conversions of constitutive model material parameters and lack of flexibility in engineering simulation, and provides a seamless connection with material mechanical performance testing and simulation research.

本发明根据预先设定的焊接工艺参数能够按照工程师的实际需求再现物理过程,模拟出不同材料、不同焊接工艺、工况、物理假设下的应力变形全场结果,有助于积累仿真数据,从而进行更加深入的理论研究,促进新的本构模型的工程化应用。According to the preset welding process parameters, the present invention can reproduce the physical process according to the actual needs of engineers, simulate the full-field results of stress and deformation under different materials, different welding processes, working conditions, and physical assumptions, and help to accumulate simulation data, thereby Carry out more in-depth theoretical research and promote the engineering application of new constitutive models.

本发明通过对模拟过程中所获得的模拟数据进行可视化处理,对计算得到的温度场、位移场、应变场和应力场进行可视化分析,有利于研究判断仿真结果的好坏,提取各项指标如最大变形量,进行工艺优化等问题的分析The present invention visualizes and analyzes the calculated temperature field, displacement field, strain field and stress field by visualizing the simulated data obtained in the simulation process, which is beneficial to research and judge the quality of the simulation results, and extracts various indicators such as Maximum deformation, process optimization and other issues analysis

附图说明Description of drawings

为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例的技术方案,下面将对实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍,应当理解,以下附图仅示出了本发明的某些实施例,因此不应被看作是对范围的限定,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其他相关的附图。In order to illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention more clearly, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present invention, and thus It should be regarded as a limitation on the scope, and those skilled in the art can also obtain other related drawings based on these drawings without creative work.

图1为本发明第一实施例提供的焊接接头应力变形仿真方法的流程示意图。FIG. 1 is a schematic flowchart of a method for simulating stress and deformation of a welded joint according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

图2为本发明第一实施例中焊接接头的有限元模型的示意图。Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a finite element model of a welded joint in the first embodiment of the present invention.

图3为本发明第一实施例中平板对接接头的瞬态温度场分布云图。Fig. 3 is a cloud diagram of the transient temperature field distribution of the flat butt joint in the first embodiment of the present invention.

图4为本发明第一实施例中平板焊接接头约束边界条件示意图;Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the constrained boundary conditions of a plate welded joint in the first embodiment of the present invention;

图5-6为本发明第一实施例的力学曲线示意图;5-6 are schematic diagrams of mechanical curves of the first embodiment of the present invention;

图7为本发明第一实施例中本构模型示意图;7 is a schematic diagram of a constitutive model in the first embodiment of the present invention;

图8为本发明第一实施例的平板对接接头瞬态等效应力场云图。Fig. 8 is a cloud diagram of the transient equivalent stress field of the flat butt joint according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

图9为本发明第二实施例提供的焊接接头应力变形仿真装置的结构示意图。Fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a stress-deformation simulation device for a welded joint provided by the second embodiment of the present invention.

图标:201-有限元模型获取单元;202-温度场分布获取单元;203-本构模型适配单元;204-应力变形分布获取单元。Icons: 201 - finite element model acquisition unit; 202 - temperature field distribution acquisition unit; 203 - constitutive model adaptation unit; 204 - stress deformation distribution acquisition unit.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

为了更好的理解本发明的技术方案,下面结合附图对本发明实施例进行详细描述。In order to better understand the technical solutions of the present invention, the embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

应当明确,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其它实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。It should be clear that the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

在本发明实施例中使用的术语是仅仅出于描述特定实施例的目的,而非旨在限制本发明。在本发明实施例和所附权利要求书中所使用的单数形式的“一种”、“所述”和“该”也旨在包括多数形式,除非上下文清楚地表示其他含义。Terms used in the embodiments of the present invention are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments, and are not intended to limit the present invention. As used in the embodiments of the present invention and the appended claims, the singular forms "a", "said" and "the" are also intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

应当理解,本文中使用的术语“和/或”仅仅是一种描述关联对象的关联关系,表示可以存在三种关系,例如,A和/或B,可以表示:单独存在A,同时存在A和B,单独存在B这三种情况。另外,本文中字符“/”,一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。It should be understood that the term "and/or" used herein is only an association relationship describing associated objects, which means that there may be three relationships, for example, A and/or B, which may mean that A exists alone, and A and B exist simultaneously. B, there are three situations of B alone. In addition, the character "/" in this article generally indicates that the contextual objects are an "or" relationship.

取决于语境,如在此所使用的词语“如果”可以被解释成为“在……时”或“当……时”或“响应于确定”或“响应于检测”。类似地,取决于语境,短语“如果确定”或“如果检测(陈述的条件或事件)”可以被解释成为“当确定时”或“响应于确定”或“当检测(陈述的条件或事件)时”或“响应于检测(陈述的条件或事件)”。Depending on the context, the word "if" as used herein may be interpreted as "at" or "when" or "in response to determining" or "in response to detecting". Similarly, depending on the context, the phrases "if determined" or "if detected (the stated condition or event)" could be interpreted as "when determined" or "in response to the determination" or "when detected (the stated condition or event) )" or "in response to detection of (a stated condition or event)".

实施例中提及的“第一\第二”仅仅是是区别类似的对象,不代表针对对象的特定排序,可以理解地,“第一\第二”在允许的情况下可以互换特定的顺序或先后次序。应该理解“第一\第二”区分的对象在适当情况下可以互换,以使这里描述的实施例能够以除了在这里图示或描述的那些以外的顺序实施。The "first\second" mentioned in the embodiment is only to distinguish similar objects, and does not represent a specific ordering of objects. It is understandable that "first\second" can be interchanged with specific sequence or sequence. It should be understood that the terms "first\second" are interchangeable under appropriate circumstances such that the embodiments described herein can be practiced in sequences other than those illustrated or described herein.

如图1所示,本发明第一实施例提供了一种焊接接头应力变形仿真方法,其可由焊接接头应力变形仿真设备来执行,具体的,可由该设备内一个或多个处理器来执行,包括以下步骤:As shown in Figure 1, the first embodiment of the present invention provides a method for simulating stress and deformation of welded joints, which can be executed by a stress and deformation simulation device for welded joints, specifically, it can be executed by one or more processors in the device, Include the following steps:

S101,获取焊接接头的有限元模型。S101, acquiring a finite element model of a welded joint.

在本实施例中,有限元模型的建立可采用实体建模方式:首先,根据焊接接头的实测尺寸,利用三维绘图软件建立焊接接头的实体几何模型。然后,根据仿真精度要求、计算效率和实体模型的尺寸特别是最小型面的尺寸确定合适的网格密度,利用网格划分软件对所述实体几何模型进行网格划分,如图2所示。In this embodiment, the establishment of the finite element model can adopt the method of solid modeling: firstly, according to the measured dimensions of the welded joint, a solid geometric model of the welded joint is established by using 3D drawing software. Then, according to the simulation accuracy requirements, calculation efficiency and the size of the solid model, especially the size of the smallest surface, the appropriate mesh density is determined, and the solid geometric model is meshed by using meshing software, as shown in Figure 2.

S102,基于所述有限元模型,根据预先设定的焊接工艺参数、换热边界条件以及控制参数求解温度场,以获取温度场分布。S102, based on the finite element model, solve the temperature field according to the preset welding process parameters, heat transfer boundary conditions and control parameters, so as to obtain the temperature field distribution.

在本实施例中,所述焊接工艺参数包括:焊接速度、焊接功率、热源类型、热源参数、焊接路径、焊枪方向、焊接顺序等。其中,热源模型选用与焊接实际情况较为接近的双椭球模型,则所述热源参数包括:热源半径、高度、前半径、后半径、前系数、后系数等。对焊接工艺参数进行预先设定,可以根据工程师的实际需求再现物理过程,模拟出不同材料、不同焊接工况、不同物理假设下的仿真结果,有利于进行后续深入的理论研究。In this embodiment, the welding process parameters include: welding speed, welding power, heat source type, heat source parameters, welding path, welding torch direction, welding sequence and the like. Wherein, the heat source model is a double ellipsoid model that is closer to the actual welding situation, and the heat source parameters include: heat source radius, height, front radius, back radius, front coefficient, back coefficient, etc. Presetting the welding process parameters can reproduce the physical process according to the actual needs of engineers, and simulate the simulation results under different materials, different welding conditions, and different physical assumptions, which is conducive to subsequent in-depth theoretical research.

其中,在焊接过程中,存在换热损失,因此需要设置换热边界条件。所述换热边界条件包括以下至少之一:对流换热边界条件、辐射换热边界条件。在实际过程中,辐射换热边界条件和对流换热边界条件可统一简化为等效对流换热系数。Among them, in the welding process, there is heat exchange loss, so it is necessary to set the heat exchange boundary conditions. The heat transfer boundary conditions include at least one of the following: convective heat transfer boundary conditions and radiation heat transfer boundary conditions. In the actual process, the boundary conditions of radiation heat transfer and convective heat transfer can be unified and simplified as the equivalent convective heat transfer coefficient.

所述控制参数用于进行离散化温度求解,包括预热温度、环境温度、焊接计算时间步长、冷却时间、迭代最大温差等。通过温度场计算可以得到温度场分布。The control parameters are used for discretized temperature solution, including preheating temperature, ambient temperature, welding calculation time step, cooling time, iteration maximum temperature difference and so on. The temperature field distribution can be obtained by calculating the temperature field.

S103,获取材料在不同约束边界条件下的力学曲线,基于所述有限元模型和所述温度场分布进行力学曲线的匹配,并获取与匹配得到的所述力学曲线对应的本构模型。S103. Obtain mechanical curves of the material under different constraint boundary conditions, perform matching of the mechanical curves based on the finite element model and the temperature field distribution, and acquire a constitutive model corresponding to the matched mechanical curves.

其中,所述约束边界条件包括外力作用条件、接触边界条件、固定边界条件等,在本实施例中,只需设置固定边界条件。Wherein, the constraint boundary conditions include external force action conditions, contact boundary conditions, fixed boundary conditions, etc. In this embodiment, only fixed boundary conditions need to be set.

在本实施例中,所述力学曲线来源为:标准式样的力学加载试验、标准式样的热模拟试验、性能软件模拟或文献查阅,本发明不做具体限定。In this embodiment, the source of the mechanical curve is: a mechanical loading test of a standard model, a thermal simulation test of a standard model, performance software simulation or literature review, which is not specifically limited in the present invention.

在一种具体的实施方式中,采用性能软件JMatPro模拟获取材料的力学曲线。具体的,将焊接接头材料的材质、成分以及参数设置输入性能软件JMatPro,计算后将结果信息化处理为文档或图片,然后导入仿真软件Inteweld,完成材料参数的初始化。In a specific embodiment, the performance software JMatPro is used to simulate and obtain the mechanical curve of the material. Specifically, the material, composition and parameter settings of the welded joint material are input into the performance software JMatPro, and the results are processed into documents or pictures after calculation, and then imported into the simulation software Inteweld to complete the initialization of material parameters.

在本实施例中,所述步骤103具体包括以下步骤:In this embodiment, the step 103 specifically includes the following steps:

S1031,获取温度场分布;S1031, acquiring temperature field distribution;

S1032,获取基于所述温度场分布划分所述有限元模型生成的模型区域以及各模型区域的温度区间;S1032. Acquire the model areas generated by dividing the finite element model based on the temperature field distribution and the temperature intervals of each model area;

S1033,匹配所述模型区域和所述温度区间的力学曲线,以基于所述力学曲线获取相适配的本构模型。S1033. Match the mechanical curves of the model region and the temperature range, so as to obtain a matched constitutive model based on the mechanical curves.

在本实施例中,所述模型区域基于所述温度场进行划分,包括焊缝区域、焊接热影响区域和母材区域,所述模型区域的划分精度和所述温度区间的划分值可以采用系统默认值,也可以自定义设置,本发明不做具体限定。In this embodiment, the model area is divided based on the temperature field, including the weld area, the welding heat-affected zone, and the base metal area. The default value can also be customized, which is not specifically limited in the present invention.

其中,由于不同模型区域和不同温度区间的力学曲线形状不同,本构模型是材料的力学本构方程,力学曲线是本构模型的重要参数。因此,通过力学曲线的形状可以与本构模型进行匹配,从而提高了仿真过程中参数转换的灵活性和便捷性,可以满足复杂的仿真要求。Among them, due to the different shapes of the mechanical curves in different model regions and different temperature ranges, the constitutive model is the mechanical constitutive equation of the material, and the mechanical curve is an important parameter of the constitutive model. Therefore, the shape of the mechanical curve can be matched with the constitutive model, thereby improving the flexibility and convenience of parameter conversion in the simulation process and meeting complex simulation requirements.

S104,基于所述本构模型进行力学场求解,以获取所述焊接接头的应力变形分布。S104. Perform a mechanical field solution based on the constitutive model to obtain the stress and deformation distribution of the welded joint.

在本实施例中,对所述本构模型进行离散化求解,得到应力场变形分布。In this embodiment, the constitutive model is discretized and solved to obtain the deformation distribution of the stress field.

综上,本发明提供的焊接接头应力变形仿真方法结合力学曲线,通过建立与工程实际匹配的力学曲线接口,可以迅速并且准确地进行本构模型材料参数的定义,根据工程师需求实现即时的筛选、修改和删除,解决了工程实际仿真中本构模型材料参数多次转换、缺少灵活性的问题,提供了与材料力学性能测试和仿真研究无缝对接的方案。根据预先设定的焊接工艺参数能够按照工程师的实际需求再现物理过程,模拟出不同材料、不同焊接工艺、工况、物理假设下的应力变形全场结果,有助于积累仿真数据,从而进行更加深入的理论研究,促进新的本构模型的工程化应用。In summary, the stress-deformation simulation method of welded joints provided by the present invention combines mechanical curves, and by establishing a mechanical curve interface that matches the actual engineering, it can quickly and accurately define the material parameters of the constitutive model, and realize instant screening, The modification and deletion solve the problem of multiple conversions and lack of flexibility of the material parameters of the constitutive model in the actual engineering simulation, and provide a seamless connection with the material mechanical performance test and simulation research. According to the preset welding process parameters, the physical process can be reproduced according to the actual needs of engineers, and the full-field results of stress and deformation under different materials, different welding processes, working conditions, and physical assumptions can be simulated, which is helpful for accumulating simulation data, so as to carry out more In-depth theoretical research promotes the engineering application of new constitutive models.

在上述实施例的基础上,一个优选的实施例中,所述步骤S101,具体包括:On the basis of the above embodiments, in a preferred embodiment, the step S101 specifically includes:

S1011,获取焊接接头的CAD模型;S1011, acquiring the CAD model of the welded joint;

S1012,获取基本区域和焊道区域;其中,所述基本区域经所述CAD模型切割后生成,包括焊缝区域、焊接热影响区域和母材区域,所述焊道区域经所述焊缝区域切割后生成;S1012, acquire a basic area and a weld bead area; wherein, the basic area is generated after cutting the CAD model, including a weld area, a welding heat-affected zone, and a base metal area, and the weld bead area passes through the weld area Generated after cutting;

S1013,基于所述基本区域和所述焊道区域进行网格划分,以获取有限元模型。S1013. Perform grid division based on the basic area and the weld bead area to obtain a finite element model.

其中,所述焊缝区域为经历过至少一次熔化凝固物理过程的区域;所述焊接热影响区域为材料组织或者性能受加热影响发生变化的区域;所述母材区域为材料组织或者性能始终没有发生变化的区域;所述焊道区域为焊缝区域内某一次熔化凝固过程形成的单道区域。Wherein, the weld area is an area that has undergone at least one physical process of melting and solidification; the welding heat-affected zone is an area where the material structure or performance changes due to heating; the base metal area is a material structure or performance that has never been The area where changes occur; the weld bead area is a single pass area formed by a certain melting and solidification process in the weld area.

在进行网格划分时,需要预先确定单元类型以及各基本区域的单元尺寸,在本实施例中,网格为四面体,离焊缝较近的地方采用较小的尺寸进行网格划分,在离焊缝较远处采用较大尺寸进行网格划分,网格疏密均匀过渡,网格尺寸为0.5-5mm。当网格尺寸过密,会增大计算量、降低效率;而网格尺寸过疏时,降低了计算结果精度。When performing mesh division, it is necessary to predetermine the unit type and the unit size of each basic area. In this embodiment, the grid is a tetrahedron, and a smaller size is used for grid division near the weld. A larger size is used for mesh division farther away from the weld, and the mesh density is evenly transitioned, and the mesh size is 0.5-5mm. When the grid size is too dense, the calculation amount will increase and the efficiency will be reduced; while the grid size is too sparse, the accuracy of the calculation results will be reduced.

当然,在本实施例中,也可以利用其它的三维绘图软件建立实体几何模型,如Pro/E,UG等,本发明不做具体限定。Of course, in this embodiment, other three-dimensional drawing software can also be used to establish a solid geometric model, such as Pro/E, UG, etc., which are not specifically limited in the present invention.

在上述实施例的基础上,在一个优选的实施例中,基于所述本构模型进行力学场求解,以获取所述焊接接头的应力变形分布之后,还包括:On the basis of the above embodiments, in a preferred embodiment, after solving the mechanical field based on the constitutive model to obtain the stress and deformation distribution of the welded joint, it also includes:

对所述温度场和/或力学场的数据进行可视化处理。Perform visualization processing on the data of the temperature field and/or the mechanical field.

在本实施例中,在温度场和应力场计算计算结束后,可以采用焊接模拟软件例如Inteweld,或者开源可视化程序如Paraview等对模拟过程中所获得的模拟数据进行可视化处理。具体的,可以采用C++语言编写相应的物理场求解器,采用VTK和QT平台进行可视化界面开发,进而对计算得到的温度场、位移场、应变场和应力场进行可视化分析,研究判断仿真结果的好坏,提取各项指标如最大变形量,进行工艺优化等问题的分析。In this embodiment, after the calculation of the temperature field and the stress field is completed, a welding simulation software such as Inteweld or an open source visualization program such as Paraview can be used to visualize the simulated data obtained during the simulation process. Specifically, the corresponding physical field solver can be written in C++ language, and the visual interface development can be carried out by using VTK and QT platforms, and then the calculated temperature field, displacement field, strain field and stress field can be visualized and analyzed, and the method of judging the simulation results can be studied. Good or bad, extract various indicators such as maximum deformation, and analyze issues such as process optimization.

为了便于理解,下面以平板对接接头为例进行具体说明。For ease of understanding, a flat butt joint is taken as an example for specific description below.

焊接模拟软件采用Inteweld。在步骤S101中,首先利用UG软件建立平板对接接头的几何模型,其中,平板的尺寸为50mm*40mm*4mm。然后对所述几何模型进行切割得到焊缝区域,焊接热影响区域,母材区域等基本区域、对所述焊缝区域进行切割得到焊道区域。采用网格划分软件hypermesh进行网格划分,其中最小网格尺寸为0.5mm,最大网格尺寸为5mm,焊缝区域和母材区域的疏密网格进行均匀过渡。The welding simulation software adopts Inteweld. In step S101, firstly, a geometric model of the flat plate butt joint is established using UG software, wherein the size of the flat plate is 50mm*40mm*4mm. Then the geometric model is cut to obtain basic areas such as the weld area, the welding heat affected area, and the base metal area, and the weld area is cut to obtain the weld bead area. The grid division software hypermesh is used for grid division, in which the minimum grid size is 0.5mm, the maximum grid size is 5mm, and the density grid of the weld area and the base metal area is evenly transitioned.

在步骤S102中,设置焊接速度为10mm/s、焊接功率为1500w、选择双椭球热源模型作为焊接热输入的数学表达,设置双椭球热源模型参数为半径3mm、高度5mm、前半径1mm、后半径4mm,前系数和后系数均为1。拾取焊缝起点和焊缝终点,软件自动判断焊枪方向。选中所有表面,设定等效对流换热系数为0.15J/m2·s·℃。设定求解控制参数:包括环境温度25℃,预热温度25℃,焊接计算时间步长0.1s,冷却时间3600s,迭代步最大温差500℃后进行温度场计算,得到温度场分布云图如图3所示。In step S102, the welding speed is set to 10mm/s, the welding power is 1500w, the double ellipsoid heat source model is selected as the mathematical expression of welding heat input, and the parameters of the double ellipsoid heat source model are set to radius 3mm, height 5mm, front radius 1mm, The rear radius is 4mm, and the front and rear coefficients are both 1. Pick up the starting point and end point of the welding seam, and the software automatically judges the direction of the welding torch. Select all surfaces and set the equivalent convective heat transfer coefficient to 0.15J/m2·s·℃. Set the solution control parameters: including the ambient temperature of 25°C, the preheating temperature of 25°C, the welding calculation time step of 0.1s, the cooling time of 3600s, and the temperature field calculation after the maximum temperature difference of the iteration step is 500°C, and the temperature field distribution cloud diagram is obtained as shown in Figure 3 shown.

在步骤103中,利用材料性能计算软件JMatPro计算获取力学曲线,其中焊接接头材料选用304不锈钢,设置固定边界条件如图4所示,温度设定值为25℃、200℃、400℃、800℃、1000℃和1200℃,得到应力-应变曲线,如图5-6所示。将力学曲线导出,选择“.dat”或者“.txt”格式的文件后缀,然后导入Inteweld软件,完成材料参数初始化。设定平板接头空间区域划分模式为“自动”,选择划分复杂程度为“简单”,完成模型区域划分。然后设定温度划分模式为“自定义”,输入用于划分温度区间的一系列温度值:25、200、400、800、1000、1200℃。最后,设定本构模型适配模式为“自动”,选择适配复杂程度为“简单”,则所有区域的所有温度区间的本构模型均适配为Mises屈服条件下的各向同性硬化模型,如图7所示。在步骤S104中,存盘所有前述设置,进行力学场计算,得到的应力场云图如图8所示。In step 103, use the material performance calculation software JMatPro to calculate and obtain the mechanical curve, in which 304 stainless steel is selected as the material of the welded joint, and the fixed boundary conditions are set as shown in Figure 4. The temperature settings are 25°C, 200°C, 400°C, and 800°C , 1000°C and 1200°C, the stress-strain curves are obtained, as shown in Figure 5-6. Export the mechanical curve, select the file suffix of ".dat" or ".txt", and then import it into Inteweld software to complete the initialization of material parameters. Set the division mode of the plate joint space area to "automatic", select the division complexity as "simple", and complete the division of the model area. Then set the temperature division mode to "Custom", and input a series of temperature values for dividing the temperature range: 25, 200, 400, 800, 1000, 1200°C. Finally, set the constitutive model adaptation mode to "automatic" and select the adaptation complexity to "simple", then the constitutive models of all temperature ranges in all regions are adapted to the isotropic hardening model under Mises yield conditions , as shown in Figure 7. In step S104, all the above-mentioned settings are saved, and the mechanical field calculation is performed, and the obtained stress field nephogram is shown in FIG. 8 .

本实施例的基于本构模型自定义的焊接接头应力变形仿真方法,采用Inteweld焊接模拟软件完成有限元模型建立、工艺与模拟参数设置等过程。通过软件接口导入力学曲线,完成本构模型自定义,最终计算得到焊接接头的应力变形场结果,使得实际工程人员可以利用计算机和焊接模拟软件实现不同需求下的焊接接头仿真计算,为结构设计改进和工艺参数优化提供参考。In the self-defined stress-deformation simulation method of welded joints based on the constitutive model in this embodiment, the Inteweld welding simulation software is used to complete the process of finite element model establishment, process and simulation parameter setting, etc. Import the mechanical curve through the software interface, complete the customization of the constitutive model, and finally calculate the stress and deformation field results of the welded joint, so that the actual engineers can use the computer and welding simulation software to realize the simulation calculation of the welded joint under different requirements, and improve the structure design. And provide reference for process parameter optimization.

请参阅图9,本发明第二实施例提供了一种焊接接头应力变形仿真装置,包括:Please refer to Fig. 9, the second embodiment of the present invention provides a stress deformation simulation device for welded joints, including:

有限元模型获取单元201,用于获取焊接接头的有限元模型;A finite element model acquisition unit 201, configured to acquire a finite element model of the welded joint;

温度场分布获取单元202,用于基于所述有限元模型,根据预先设定的焊接工艺参数、换热边界条件以及控制参数求解温度场,以获取温度场分布;The temperature field distribution acquisition unit 202 is used to solve the temperature field according to the preset welding process parameters, heat transfer boundary conditions and control parameters based on the finite element model, so as to obtain the temperature field distribution;

本构模型适配单元203,用于获取材料在不同约束边界条件下的力学曲线,基于所述有限元模型和所述温度场分布进行力学曲线的匹配,并获取与匹配得到的所述力学曲线对应的本构模型;The constitutive model adaptation unit 203 is configured to obtain mechanical curves of materials under different constraint boundary conditions, perform matching of mechanical curves based on the finite element model and the temperature field distribution, and obtain and match the mechanical curves Corresponding constitutive model;

应力变形分布获取单元204,用于基于所述本构模型进行力学场求解,以获取所述焊接接头的应力变形分布。The stress and deformation distribution obtaining unit 204 is configured to perform a mechanical field solution based on the constitutive model, so as to obtain the stress and deformation distribution of the welded joint.

优选的,所述有限元模型获取单元201,具体包括:Preferably, the finite element model acquisition unit 201 specifically includes:

CAD模型获取模块,用于获取焊接接头的CAD模型;CAD model acquisition module, used to obtain the CAD model of the welded joint;

区域获取模块,用于获取基本区域和焊道区域;其中,所述基本区域经所述CAD模型切割后生成,包括焊缝区域、焊接热影响区域和母材区域,所述焊道区域经所述焊缝区域切割后生成;The area acquisition module is used to acquire the basic area and the weld bead area; wherein, the basic area is generated after cutting the CAD model, including the weld seam area, the welding heat-affected zone and the base metal area, and the weld bead area is obtained by the Generated after cutting the above weld area;

模型获取模块,用于基于所述基本区域和所述焊道区域进行网格划分,以获取有限元模型。A model acquiring module, configured to perform grid division based on the basic area and the weld bead area, so as to acquire a finite element model.

优选的,所述焊缝区域为经历过至少一次熔化凝固物理过程的区域;所述焊接热影响区域为材料组织或者性能受加热影响发生变化的区域;所述母材区域为材料组织或者性能始终没有发生变化的区域;所述焊道区域为焊缝区域内某一次熔化凝固过程形成的单道区域。Preferably, the weld area is an area that has undergone at least one physical process of melting and solidification; the welding heat-affected zone is an area where the material structure or performance changes due to heating; the base metal area is a material structure or performance that is always There is no area that changes; the weld bead area is a single-pass area formed by a certain melting and solidification process in the weld area.

优选的,所述换热边界条件包括以下至少之一:Preferably, the heat exchange boundary conditions include at least one of the following:

对流换热边界条件、辐射换热边界条件。Convective heat transfer boundary conditions, radiation heat transfer boundary conditions.

优选的,所述力学曲线来源为:Preferably, the source of the mechanical curve is:

标准式样的力学加载试验、标准式样的热模拟试验、性能软件模拟或文献查阅。Standard style mechanical loading test, standard style thermal simulation test, performance software simulation or literature review.

优选的,所述本构模型适配单元203,具体包括:Preferably, the constitutive model adaptation unit 203 specifically includes:

温度场分部获取模块,用于获取温度场分布;A temperature field sub-acquisition module, used to obtain the temperature field distribution;

区域获取模块,用于获取基于所述温度场分布划分所述有限元模型生成的模型区域以及各模型区域的温度区间;an area acquisition module, configured to acquire the model areas generated by dividing the finite element model based on the temperature field distribution and the temperature intervals of each model area;

匹配模块,用于匹配所述模型区域和所述温度区间的力学曲线,以基于所述力学曲线获取相适配的本构模型。A matching module, configured to match the mechanical curves of the model region and the temperature range, so as to obtain a matched constitutive model based on the mechanical curves.

优选的,所述焊接接头应力变形仿真装置还包括:Preferably, the stress-deformation simulation device for welded joints also includes:

可视化处理单元,用于对所述温度场和/或力学场进行可视化处理。A visualization processing unit, configured to perform visualization processing on the temperature field and/or the mechanical field.

本发明第三实施例提供了一种焊接接头应力变形仿真设备,包括存储器、处理器及存储在存储器上并可在处理器上运行的计算机程序,所述处理器执行所述程序时实现如上所述的焊接接头应力变形仿真方法。The third embodiment of the present invention provides a stress-deformation simulation device for welded joints, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored on the memory and operable on the processor. When the processor executes the program, the above-mentioned The stress deformation simulation method of the welded joint described above.

本发明第四实施例提供了一种计算机可读存储介质,其上存储有计算机程序,该程序被处理器执行时实现如上所述的焊接接头应力变形仿真方法。A fourth embodiment of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, and when the program is executed by a processor, the method for simulating stress and deformation of a welded joint as described above is realized.

示例性地,本发明所述的计算机程序可以被分割成一个或多个模块,所述一个或者多个模块被存储在所述存储器中,并由所述处理器执行,以完成本发明。所述一个或多个模块可以是能够完成特定功能的一系列计算机程序指令段,该指令段用于描述所述计算机程序在所述实现设备中的执行过程。例如,本发明第二实施例中所述的装置。Exemplarily, the computer program described in the present invention can be divided into one or more modules, and the one or more modules are stored in the memory and executed by the processor to complete the present invention. The one or more modules may be a series of computer program instruction segments capable of accomplishing specific functions, and the instruction segments are used to describe the execution process of the computer program in the implementing device. For example, the device described in the second embodiment of the invention.

所称处理器可以是中央处理单元(Central Processing Unit,CPU),还可以是其他通用处理器、数字信号处理器(Digital Signal Processor,DSP)、专用集成电路(APPlication Specific Integrated Circuit,ASIC)、现成可编程门阵列(Field-Programmable GateArray,FPGA)或者其他可编程逻辑器件、分立门或者晶体管逻辑器件、分立硬件组件等。通用处理器可以是微处理器或者该处理器也可以是任何常规的处理器等,所述处理器是所述打印方法的控制中心,利用各种接口和线路连接整个所述实现文档打印方法的各个部分。The so-called processor can be a central processing unit (Central Processing Unit, CPU), and can also be other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (Digital Signal Processor, DSP), application-specific integrated circuits (APPlication Specific Integrated Circuit, ASIC), off-the-shelf Programmable gate array (Field-Programmable GateArray, FPGA) or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc. The general-purpose processor can be a microprocessor or the processor can also be any conventional processor, etc., the processor is the control center of the printing method, and utilizes various interfaces and lines to connect the entire described document printing method. various parts.

所述存储器可用于存储所述计算机程序和/或模块,所述处理器通过运行或执行存储在所述存储器内的计算机程序和/或模块,以及调用存储在存储器内的数据,实现打印方法的各种功能。所述存储器可主要包括存储程序区和存储数据区,其中,存储程序区可存储操作系统、至少一个功能所需的应用程序(比如声音播放功能、文字转换功能等)等;存储数据区可存储根据用户终端的使用所创建的数据(比如音频数据、文字消息数据等)等。此外,存储器可以包括高速随机存取存储器,还可以包括非易失性存储器,例如硬盘、内存、插接式硬盘、智能存储卡(SmartMedia Card,SMC)、安全数字(Secure Digital,SD)卡、闪存卡(Flash Card)、至少一个磁盘存储器件、闪存器件、或其他易失性固态存储器件。The memory can be used to store the computer programs and/or modules, and the processor implements the printing method by running or executing the computer programs and/or modules stored in the memory and calling the data stored in the memory various functions. The memory may mainly include a program storage area and a data storage area, wherein the program storage area may store an operating system, at least one application program required by a function (such as a sound playback function, a text conversion function, etc.) and the like; the data storage area may store Data (such as audio data, text message data, etc.) created according to the use of the user terminal, etc. In addition, the memory may include high-speed random access memory, and may also include non-volatile memory, such as hard disk, internal memory, plug-in hard disk, smart memory card (SmartMedia Card, SMC), secure digital (Secure Digital, SD) card, A flash memory card (Flash Card), at least one magnetic disk storage device, flash memory device, or other volatile solid state storage devices.

其中,所述实现用户终端的模块如果以软件功能单元的形式实现并作为独立的产品销售或使用时,可以存储在一个计算机可读取存储介质中。基于这样的理解,本发明实现上述实施例方法中的全部或部分流程,也可以通过计算机程序来指令相关的硬件来完成,所述的计算机程序可存储于一个计算机可读存储介质中,该计算机程序在被处理器执行时,可实现上述各个方法实施例的步骤。其中,所述计算机程序包括计算机程序代码,所述计算机程序代码可以为源代码形式、对象代码形式、可执行文件或某些中间形式等。所述计算机可读介质可以包括:能够携带所述计算机程序代码的任何实体或装置、记录介质、U盘、移动硬盘、磁碟、光盘、计算机存储器、只读存储器(ROM,Read-OnlyMemory)、随机存取存储器(RAM,RandomAccess Memory)、电载波信号、电信信号以及软件分发介质等。需要说明的是,所述计算机可读介质包含的内容可以根据司法管辖区内立法和专利实践的要求进行适当的增减,例如在某些司法管辖区,根据立法和专利实践,计算机可读介质不包括电载波信号和电信信号。Wherein, if the modules for realizing the user terminal are realized in the form of software function units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the present invention realizes all or part of the processes in the methods of the above embodiments, and can also be completed by instructing related hardware through computer programs. The computer program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and the computer When the program is executed by the processor, the steps in the above-mentioned various method embodiments can be realized. Wherein, the computer program includes computer program code, and the computer program code may be in the form of source code, object code, executable file or some intermediate form. The computer-readable medium may include: any entity or device capable of carrying the computer program code, a recording medium, a U disk, a removable hard disk, a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a computer memory, a read-only memory (ROM, Read-OnlyMemory), Random access memory (RAM, Random Access Memory), electric carrier signal, telecommunication signal, software distribution medium, etc. It should be noted that the content contained in the computer-readable medium may be appropriately increased or decreased according to the requirements of legislation and patent practice in the jurisdiction. For example, in some jurisdictions, according to legislation and patent practice, computer-readable Excludes electrical carrier signals and telecommunication signals.

需说明的是,以上所描述的装置实施例仅仅是示意性的,其中所述作为分离部件说明的单元可以是或者也可以不是物理上分开的,作为单元显示的部件可以是或者也可以不是物理单元,即可以位于一个地方,或者也可以分布到多个网络单元上。可以根据实际的需要选择其中的部分或者全部模块来实现本实施例方案的目的。另外,本发明提供的装置实施例附图中,模块之间的连接关系表示它们之间具有通信连接,具体可以实现为一条或多条通信总线或信号线。本领域普通技术人员在不付出创造性劳动的情况下,即可以理解并实施。It should be noted that the device embodiments described above are only illustrative, and the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components shown as units may or may not be physically separated. A unit can be located in one place, or it can be distributed to multiple network units. Part or all of the modules can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment. In addition, in the drawings of the device embodiments provided by the present invention, the connection relationship between the modules indicates that they have a communication connection, which can be specifically implemented as one or more communication buses or signal lines. It can be understood and implemented by those skilled in the art without creative effort.

以上所述,仅为本发明较佳的具体实施方式,但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此,任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内,可轻易想到的变化或替换,都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。因此,本发明的保护范围应该以权利要求的保护范围为准。The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of changes or modifications within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention. Replacement should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be determined by the protection scope of the claims.

Claims (10)

1. A stress deformation simulation method for a welding joint is characterized by comprising the following steps:
acquiring a finite element model of the welding joint;
based on the finite element model, solving a temperature field according to preset welding process parameters, heat exchange boundary conditions and control parameters to obtain temperature field distribution;
acquiring mechanical curves of the material under different constraint boundary conditions, matching the mechanical curves based on the finite element model and the temperature field distribution, and acquiring a constitutive model corresponding to the mechanical curves obtained through matching;
and solving a mechanical field based on the constitutive model to obtain the stress deformation distribution of the welding joint.
2. The method for simulating stress deformation of a welding joint according to claim 1, wherein the obtaining a finite element model of the welding joint specifically comprises:
obtaining a CAD model of a welding joint;
acquiring a basic area and a welding bead area; the basic region is generated after being cut by the CAD model and comprises a welding seam region, a welding heat influence region and a base material region, and the welding bead region is generated after being cut by the welding seam region;
and meshing based on the basic area and the welding bead area to obtain a finite element model.
3. The weld joint stress-deformation simulation method according to claim 2, wherein the weld region is a region that has undergone at least one melting-solidification physical process; the welding heat affected zone is a zone with a material structure or performance changed under the influence of heating; the parent material area is an area with unchanged material structure or performance; the welding bead area is a single-pass area formed in a certain melting and solidifying process in the welding seam area.
4. The weld joint stress-deformation simulation method of claim 1, wherein the heat exchange boundary conditions include at least one of:
convective heat transfer boundary conditions, radiative heat transfer boundary conditions.
5. The weld joint stress-deformation simulation method according to claim 1, wherein the mechanical curve sources are:
mechanical loading tests of standard patterns, thermal simulation tests of standard patterns, performance software simulations or literature references.
6. The method for simulating stress deformation of a welding joint according to claim 1, wherein the obtaining of mechanical curves of materials under different constraint boundary conditions, matching of the mechanical curves based on the finite element model and the temperature field distribution, and obtaining of a constitutive model corresponding to the mechanical curves obtained by matching specifically include:
acquiring temperature field distribution;
obtaining model regions generated by dividing the finite element model based on the temperature field distribution and temperature intervals of the model regions;
and matching the mechanical curves of the model area and the temperature interval to obtain an adapted constitutive model based on the mechanical curves.
7. The method for simulating stress deformation of a welding joint according to claim 1, wherein after performing mechanical field solution based on the constitutive model to obtain the stress deformation distribution of the welding joint, the method further comprises:
and carrying out visual processing on the data of the temperature field and/or the mechanical field.
8. A welded joint stress deformation simulation device is characterized by comprising:
a finite element model obtaining unit for obtaining a finite element model of the welding joint;
the temperature field distribution acquisition unit is used for solving a temperature field according to preset welding process parameters, heat exchange boundary conditions and control parameters based on the finite element model so as to acquire temperature field distribution; the constitutive model adapting unit is used for acquiring mechanical curves of the materials under different constraint boundary conditions, matching the mechanical curves based on the finite element model and the temperature field distribution, and acquiring a constitutive model corresponding to the mechanical curves obtained by matching;
and the stress deformation distribution acquisition unit is used for solving a mechanical field based on the constitutive model so as to acquire the stress deformation distribution of the welding joint.
9. A weld joint stress-deformation simulation device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor implements the weld joint stress-deformation simulation method of any one of claims 1 to 7 when executing the program.
10. A computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, which program, when being executed by a processor, is adapted to carry out the method for simulating a stress-deformation of a weld joint according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
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WO2025055080A1 (en) * 2023-09-11 2025-03-20 中国电子科技集团公司第三十八研究所 Method and apparatus for analysing residual stresses after assembly, storage medium and electronic device
CN119962477A (en) * 2025-04-11 2025-05-09 中国电子科技集团公司第三十八研究所 Reflow soldering process robustness optimization method and system

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