CN110596238A - Ultrasonic detection method for water content of crude oil and detector using same - Google Patents
Ultrasonic detection method for water content of crude oil and detector using same Download PDFInfo
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- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 89
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 70
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000012886 linear function Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 24
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 9
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003129 oil well Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000019476 oil-water mixture Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 206010037660 Pyrexia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/02—Analysing fluids
- G01N29/024—Analysing fluids by measuring propagation velocity or propagation time of acoustic waves
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/22—Details, e.g. general constructional or apparatus details
- G01N29/223—Supports, positioning or alignment in fixed situation
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/44—Processing the detected response signal, e.g. electronic circuits specially adapted therefor
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
- G01N2291/02—Indexing codes associated with the analysed material
- G01N2291/022—Liquids
- G01N2291/0226—Oils, e.g. engine oils
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
- G01N2291/02—Indexing codes associated with the analysed material
- G01N2291/022—Liquids
- G01N2291/0228—Aqueous liquids
Abstract
The invention discloses an ultrasonic detection method for water content of crude oil and a detector using the method, wherein the detector comprises an ultrasonic transmitting probe, an ultrasonic receiving probe, an excitation module connected with the ultrasonic transmitting probe and a processing module connected with the ultrasonic receiving probe, the excitation module is controlled by the processing module, the excitation module and the processing module are arranged in a gauge outfit, the ultrasonic transmitting probe and the ultrasonic receiving probe extend out from two sides below the gauge outfit, and the ultrasonic transmitting probe and the ultrasonic receiving probe are immersed in the crude oil during detection; the processing module is internally provided with a linear calibration unit and a linear operation unit. The invention adopts the analysis path different from the prior art, avoids the analysis of various and complicated processes, directly starts with the result, and provides the practical scheme of the ultrasonic detector for the water content of the crude oil with simple principle, convenient use and high detection precision.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of crude oil detection, in particular to an ultrasonic detection method for water content of crude oil and a detector using the same.
Background
In the petroleum industry, the water content of crude oil is an important index, and the water level and the oil layer position of an oil well can be predicted through the index, so that the yield and the exploitation value of the crude oil can be estimated, the exploitation degree can be predicted, a corresponding exploitation scheme can be formulated, and the important significance in predicting the development life of the oil well is achieved. The water content of the crude oil has great influence on the exploitation, gathering and transportation, dehydration, measurement, sale, refining and the like of the crude oil, the water content of the crude oil needs to be accurately known in time in the oil field production, the working state of an oil well is estimated according to the water content of the crude oil, the automatic management of the oil field is improved, and the production efficiency is improved.
The method for measuring the water content of crude oil commonly used at present can be roughly divided into an off-line measuring method and an on-line measuring method. The basic principle of the off-line measurement method is to separate the water in the crude oil, namely the water can be represented in a volume ratio form and can be substituted into an oil-water density value to calculate the mass water content; the distillation method, the electric dehydration method, and the Karl Fischer method are mainly used depending on the means of oil-water separation. The on-line measurement method mainly comprises a conductivity method, a density method, an electromagnetic wave method, a capacitance method and a ray method. Based on the requirements of oil field automatic production, an online measurement method becomes a mainstream measurement method.
Because the moisture content of the crude oil changes all the time, the sampling speed is required to be fast enough, and the moisture content condition of the sample can represent the actual moisture content condition of the crude oil. According to the measurement condition of the water content in the oil field production process in China, the sensor is a main component of a crude oil water content measuring instrument, and the sensor is greatly influenced by many factors, such as temperature. At present, in the multi-sensor fusion technology, a plurality of sensors are used for detecting a plurality of variables at the same time, and mainly aiming at factors which have great influence on the water content of crude oil, the influence of other influencing factors on the water content of the crude oil can be reduced to the minimum degree; however, the multi-sensor fusion brings about the increase of the design cost and the use cost.
An invention patent application CN 109298070A published by the State intellectual Property office 2019, 2, month and 1 discloses a method for detecting the water content of crude oil based on an ultrasonic sound velocity method, wherein the method for measuring the water content of the crude oil by the ultrasonic sound velocity method has the advantages of wide measurement range, simple equipment, low cost, easiness in maintenance and the like, but has the defect that the measurement accuracy is greatly influenced by temperature. Therefore, the invention designs a temperature compensation mechanism model based on the Urick model, and then obtains a crude oil water content detection model based on the mechanism model and experimental data; the experimental data are from different water content sample experiments at constant temperature and temperature change experiments in constant water content samples. This scheme is firstly comparatively complicated, secondly influences not only temperature of moisture content detection precision, still bubble content, crude oil viscosity change etc. do not consider among them in the scheme other factors except temperature.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention provides the ultrasonic detection method for the water content of the crude oil and the detector using the method, which have the advantages of simple principle, convenience in use and high detection precision.
The invention protects an ultrasonic detector for the water content of crude oil, which comprises the steps of firstly representing the relation between two variables of the water content of the crude oil and an ultrasonic time difference by using a linear function, wherein the ultrasonic time difference refers to the time difference between the ultrasonic signal sent by an ultrasonic transmitting probe and the ultrasonic signal received by an ultrasonic receiving probe; and then obtaining the water content of the crude oil according to the linear function relationship between the water content of the crude oil and the ultrasonic time difference and the actually measured ultrasonic time difference.
The invention also protects an ultrasonic detector for the water content of the crude oil, which comprises an ultrasonic transmitting probe, an ultrasonic receiving probe, an excitation module connected with the ultrasonic transmitting probe and a processing module connected with the ultrasonic receiving probe, wherein the excitation module is controlled by the processing module, the excitation module and the processing module are arranged in a gauge outfit, the ultrasonic transmitting probe and the ultrasonic receiving probe extend out from two sides below the gauge outfit, and the ultrasonic transmitting probe and the ultrasonic receiving probe are immersed in the crude oil during detection;
the processing module is internally provided with a linear calibration unit and a linear operation unit; the linear calibration unit is used for carrying out linear calibration on the water content of the crude oil and the ultrasonic time difference according to the crude oil sampling data of the oil field to form a linear function relation between the water content of the crude oil and the ultrasonic time difference; and the linear operation unit obtains the water content of the crude oil according to the linear function relation between the water content of the crude oil and the ultrasonic time difference and the actually-measured ultrasonic time difference.
Furthermore, the detector testing section is arranged in the constant temperature box.
Further, the ultrasonic transmitting probe is composed of a first shell extending out from the gauge head and an ultrasonic transmitter arranged in the first shell, the ultrasonic receiving probe is composed of a second shell extending out from the gauge head and an ultrasonic receiver arranged in the second shell, and a virtual connecting line between the ultrasonic transmitter and the ultrasonic receiver forms a certain angle with the flowing direction of crude oil.
Further, the linear distance between the ultrasonic transmitter and the ultrasonic receiver is 0.2 m.
Further, the ultrasonic transmitter and the ultrasonic receiver are respectively sealed in the first shell and the second shell.
Furthermore, a liquid crystal display screen for displaying the water content of the crude oil is arranged outside the gauge outfit, and the liquid crystal display screen is connected with the processing module.
The invention adopts the analysis path different from the prior art, avoids the analysis of various and complicated processes, directly starts with the result and provides the practical scheme of the ultrasonic detector for the moisture content of the crude oil with simple principle, convenient use and high detection precision; the arrangement of the constant temperature box reduces the influence of temperature change on the measurement result of the water content of the crude oil, and can also be used in combination with temperature compensation; the mounting angle and the mounting distance between the ultrasonic transmitter and the ultrasonic receiver are optimally designed, so that the accuracy of a detection result is improved; the liquid crystal display facilitates reading.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the internal structure of an ultrasonic detector for water content of crude oil;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the external structure and the use state of an ultrasonic detector for the water content of crude oil;
FIG. 3 is an equivalent diagram of the oil-water mixture.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following drawings and specific examples. The embodiments of the present invention have been presented for purposes of illustration and description, and are not intended to be exhaustive or limited to the invention in the form disclosed. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art. The embodiment was chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the invention and the practical application, and to enable others of ordinary skill in the art to understand the invention for various embodiments with various modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated.
Example 1
An ultrasonic detector for water content of crude oil is shown in figure 1 and comprises an ultrasonic transmitting probe 1, an ultrasonic receiving probe 2, an excitation module connected with the ultrasonic transmitting probe and a processing module connected with the ultrasonic receiving probe, wherein the excitation module is controlled by the processing module.
The excitation module and the processing module are arranged in a gauge outfit 3, the ultrasonic transmitting probe 1 and the ultrasonic receiving probe 2 extend out from two sides below the gauge outfit 3, and during detection, the ultrasonic transmitting probe and the ultrasonic receiving probe are immersed in crude oil 4, as shown in fig. 2.
The equivalent schematic diagram of the oil-water mixture is shown in FIG. 3, and the water content is easily obtainedTime of ultrasonic signal from transmitting probe to receiving probeIs pushed outSubstitution intoTo obtain
Since the distance L between the transmitting probe and the receiving probe is fixed, V is a period of time in the same field, although the sound velocity in the crude oil is influenced by many factorsOil、VWater (W)Is left unchanged, VOil、VWater (W)The water content of the crude oil in a period of time in the same oil field is in a linear relation with the ultrasonic time difference, and can be expressed by a simple relation h-at-b. After the constants a and b are calibrated through sampling data, the water content of the crude oil can be accurately obtained through ultrasonic time difference. The ultrasonic time difference here refers to the time difference between the ultrasonic wave signal sent by the ultrasonic transmitting probe and the ultrasonic wave signal received by the ultrasonic receiving probe.
Therefore, the processing module is internally provided with a linear calibration unit and a linear operation unit. The linear calibration unit is used for carrying out linear calibration on the water content of the crude oil and the ultrasonic time difference according to the crude oil sampling data of the oil field, namely determining the numerical values of constants a and b to form a linear function relation between the water content of the crude oil and the ultrasonic time difference; and the linear operation unit obtains the water content of the crude oil according to the linear function relation between the water content of the crude oil and the ultrasonic time difference and the actually-measured ultrasonic time difference. The constants a and b may be recalibrated at intervals, such as 15 days.
The invention adopts the analysis path different from the prior art, avoids the analysis of various and complicated processes, directly starts with the result, and provides the practical scheme of the ultrasonic detector for the water content of the crude oil with simple principle, convenient use and high detection precision.
Because the sampling data are tested under certain temperature conditions, in order to ensure the accuracy of the detection of the water content of the crude oil, the testing section of the detector is arranged in the constant temperature box. The constant temperature box does not need to heat the crude oil to a certain temperature, but enables the crude oil in the testing section to be stable at a certain temperature and ensures that the testing temperature in the calibration process is kept consistent, and reduces the influence of temperature change on the measurement result of the water content of the crude oil.
Of course, the influence of the temperature on the water content of the crude oil can also be compensated in other ways, and temperature sensors can be arranged near the two probes, the data of the temperature sensors are compared with the test temperature in the calibration process, and then appropriate compensation is carried out. The detailed compensation method has been introduced in the prior art, for example, the invention patent application mentioned in the background art, and is not described herein again. In addition, the constant temperature box is also an operation mode which can be carried out by combining with temperature compensation, and when the temperature is kept stable, the temperature compensation is carried out on slight temperature change, so that the accuracy of the detection result is improved.
The ultrasonic transmitting probe 1 consists of a first shell extending out of the gauge outfit and an ultrasonic transmitter 5 arranged in the first shell, and the ultrasonic receiving probe 2 consists of a second shell extending out of the gauge outfit and an ultrasonic receiver 6 arranged in the second shell. The ultrasonic transmitter 5 and the ultrasonic receiver 6 are respectively sealed in the first shell and the second shell, so that crude oil is prevented from contacting and affecting the detection accuracy of the ultrasonic transmitter and the ultrasonic receiver.
In the actual process of crude oil exploitation, the installation complexity of an oil pipeline and the mobility of crude oil in the pipeline influence the detection result, so that the installation angle between an ultrasonic transmitter and an ultrasonic receiver also influences the detection result. The test is carried out in a crude oil pipeline with the diameter of 0.2m, the flow velocity C1 of the crude oil is 4m/s, the sound velocity C0 of the crude oil is 1500m/s, the influence of different installation angles on the propagation time of the ultrasonic wave under the condition of concurrent flow is shown in the table 1, and theta refers to the included angle between the virtual connecting line between the ultrasonic transmitter and the ultrasonic receiver and the flowing direction of the crude oil. As can be seen from table 1, the larger θ, the smaller the deviation between the test value and the ideal value.
| θ(°) | 10 | 20 | 30 | 40 | 50 | 60 | 70 | 80 | 90 |
| t(C1＝0) | 0.7681 | 0.3899 | 0.2667 | 0.2074 | 0.1741 | 0.1540 | 0.1419 | 0.1355 | 0.1333 |
| t(C1＝4) | 0.7660 | 0.3889 | 0.2660 | 0.2069 | 0.1737 | 0.1537 | 0.1417 | 0.1354 | 0.1333 |
TABLE 1
In the present embodiment, the virtual connection line between the ultrasonic transmitter 5 and the ultrasonic receiver 6 is at an angle to the flow direction of the crude oil, and is preferably 30 ° to 80 ° in consideration of detection accuracy and installation feasibility.
The choice of the installation distance between the ultrasonic transmitter and the ultrasonic receiver is also of some importance in the actual crude oil production process. The installation distance is too far, the propagation time of the ultrasonic waves in the crude oil is increased, the energy attenuation is large, and the received electric pulse signals are weak, so that the detection precision is influenced; the installation distance is too small, the propagation time of the ultrasonic wave in the crude oil is too short, the attenuation is not obvious, the reading and the distinguishing of the propagation time of the ultrasonic wave are not easy to carry out, and the linear distance of 0.2m is a better choice after verification.
In order to read and know the water content of the crude oil intuitively, a liquid crystal display (7) for displaying the water content of the crude oil is arranged outside the gauge outfit and connected with the processing module.
In actual application, the processing module can adopt an MSP430 singlechip; the excitation module consists of a TDC1000 and a TDC7200, the TDC1000 is an ultrasonic sensing analog front end, is commonly used for liquid identification/recognition, flow and distance measurement, can be matched with an MSP430 series single chip microcomputer for use, and the TDC7200 is a time-digital converter and is commonly used for an ultrasonic sensing device.
It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention and that various modifications or additions may be made to the described embodiments by those skilled in the art or those skilled in the art which are similar thereto without departing from the spirit of the invention or exceeding the scope of the appended claims. All other embodiments, which can be derived by one of ordinary skill in the art and related arts based on the embodiments of the present invention without any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. An ultrasonic detection method for the water content of crude oil is characterized in that a linear function is used for representing the relation between two variables of the water content of the crude oil and an ultrasonic time difference, wherein the ultrasonic time difference refers to the time difference between the ultrasonic signal sent by an ultrasonic transmitting probe and the ultrasonic signal received by an ultrasonic receiving probe; and then obtaining the water content of the crude oil according to the linear function relationship between the water content of the crude oil and the ultrasonic time difference and the actually measured ultrasonic time difference.
2. The ultrasonic detector for the water content of crude oil is characterized by comprising an ultrasonic transmitting probe, an ultrasonic receiving probe, an excitation module connected with the ultrasonic transmitting probe and a processing module connected with the ultrasonic receiving probe, wherein the excitation module is controlled by the processing module, the excitation module and the processing module are arranged in a meter head, the ultrasonic transmitting probe and the ultrasonic receiving probe extend out from two sides below the meter head, and during detection, the ultrasonic transmitting probe and the ultrasonic receiving probe are immersed in the crude oil;
the processing module is internally provided with a linear calibration unit and a linear operation unit; the linear calibration unit is used for carrying out linear calibration on the water content of the crude oil and the ultrasonic time difference according to the crude oil sampling data of the oil field to form a linear function relation between the water content of the crude oil and the ultrasonic time difference; and the linear operation unit obtains the water content of the crude oil according to the linear function relation between the water content of the crude oil and the ultrasonic time difference and the actually-measured ultrasonic time difference.
3. The ultrasonic detector for water content in crude oil according to claim 1, characterized in that the detector testing section is arranged in a constant temperature box.
4. The ultrasonic detector of the water content in crude oil of claim 3, wherein the ultrasonic transmitting probe is composed of a first shell extending from the gauge head and an ultrasonic transmitter arranged in the first shell, the ultrasonic receiving probe is composed of a second shell extending from the gauge head and an ultrasonic receiver arranged in the second shell, and a virtual connecting line between the ultrasonic transmitter and the ultrasonic receiver forms an angle with the flowing direction of crude oil.
5. The ultrasonic detector of water content in crude oil of claim 4, wherein the linear distance between the ultrasonic transmitter and the ultrasonic receiver is 0.2 m.
6. The ultrasonic detector of water content in crude oil of claim 5, wherein the ultrasonic transmitter and the ultrasonic receiver are sealed in the first and second housings, respectively.
7. The ultrasonic detector for the water content of crude oil according to any one of claims 2 to 6, wherein a liquid crystal display screen for displaying the water content of crude oil is arranged outside the gauge head, and the liquid crystal display screen is connected with the processing module.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111257350A (en) * | 2020-01-15 | 2020-06-09 | 浙江大学 | Microwave backscattering-based crude oil water content field measurement and imaging device and method |
| CN113567558A (en) * | 2021-06-30 | 2021-10-29 | 广州大学 | Soil moisture content ultrasonic measuring device and measuring method |
| CN115753284A (en) * | 2022-11-23 | 2023-03-07 | 华北电力大学（保定） | Device for preparing heat-insulating material sample with specific water content |
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| CN107907597A (en) * | 2017-11-27 | 2018-04-13 | 山东大学 | A kind of penetration type ultrasonic wave soil moisture content test device and method |
| CN207280981U (en) * | 2017-10-09 | 2018-04-27 | 邓响 | A kind of portable crude oil water containing analytical equipment |
| CN109298070A (en) * | 2018-09-20 | 2019-02-01 | 浙江大学 | Crude oil water content detection method based on ultrasonic velocity method |
| CN210690481U (en) * | 2019-10-15 | 2020-06-05 | 合肥精特仪表有限公司 | Ultrasonic detector for water content of crude oil |
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2019
- 2019-10-15 CN CN201910979252.6A patent/CN110596238A/en active Pending
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| CN207280981U (en) * | 2017-10-09 | 2018-04-27 | 邓响 | A kind of portable crude oil water containing analytical equipment |
| CN107907597A (en) * | 2017-11-27 | 2018-04-13 | 山东大学 | A kind of penetration type ultrasonic wave soil moisture content test device and method |
| CN109298070A (en) * | 2018-09-20 | 2019-02-01 | 浙江大学 | Crude oil water content detection method based on ultrasonic velocity method |
| CN210690481U (en) * | 2019-10-15 | 2020-06-05 | 合肥精特仪表有限公司 | Ultrasonic detector for water content of crude oil |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111257350A (en) * | 2020-01-15 | 2020-06-09 | 浙江大学 | Microwave backscattering-based crude oil water content field measurement and imaging device and method |
| CN113567558A (en) * | 2021-06-30 | 2021-10-29 | 广州大学 | Soil moisture content ultrasonic measuring device and measuring method |
| CN113567558B (en) * | 2021-06-30 | 2022-11-22 | 广州大学 | Soil moisture content ultrasonic measuring device and measuring method |
| CN115753284A (en) * | 2022-11-23 | 2023-03-07 | 华北电力大学（保定） | Device for preparing heat-insulating material sample with specific water content |
| CN115753284B (en) * | 2022-11-23 | 2023-08-15 | 华北电力大学（保定） | Device for preparing thermal insulation material sample with specific water content |
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