CN110595918A - Dynamic and static coupling loading anchoring body test device - Google Patents
Dynamic and static coupling loading anchoring body test device Download PDFInfo
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- CN110595918A CN110595918A CN201911021379.3A CN201911021379A CN110595918A CN 110595918 A CN110595918 A CN 110595918A CN 201911021379 A CN201911021379 A CN 201911021379A CN 110595918 A CN110595918 A CN 110595918A
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 title abstract description 11
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000008093 supporting effect Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000010365 information processing Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 abstract description 11
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000011076 safety test Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002706 hydrostatic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003116 impacting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
- G01N3/10—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces generated by pneumatic or hydraulic pressure
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/30—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying a single impulsive force, e.g. by falling weight
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0001—Type of application of the stress
- G01N2203/0003—Steady
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0001—Type of application of the stress
- G01N2203/001—Impulsive
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/003—Generation of the force
- G01N2203/0042—Pneumatic or hydraulic means
- G01N2203/0048—Hydraulic means
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a dynamic and static coupling loading anchor body test device, which comprises: the bullet, the incident rod, the static load loading device, the test piece, the data acquisition device, the data processing device, the buffer device, the static pressure control box and the base, wherein the static load is applied by controlling the pressure of the oil cylinder through the control box, the loading shaft on the oil cylinder extends under the action of the pressure to pressurize the loading plate, the static pressure is applied to the test piece by the loading plate, the dynamic sensor is arranged on the incident rod to record the size, time and waveform of the applied dynamic load, the incident rod is impacted by the bullet to transmit the dynamic load to the test piece so as to achieve the purpose of applying the dynamic load, thereby realizing the dynamic and static load coupling loading of the anchor body test piece, and in order to simulate the displacement condition of the surrounding rock on site, the test piece can axially displace under the action of the dynamic load, for the safety test, the buffer device is added behind the test device to prevent the anchor rod or the test piece from flying out, the invention realizes the measurement of the dynamic and static mechanical properties of the anchoring body under the condition of a laboratory.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical test field of mine roadway anchor rod support, in particular to a dynamic and static coupling loading anchor body test device.
Background
The anchor bolt supporting technology is the most common mine roadway supporting mode for underground roadways such as coal mines and the like, and has the advantages of low cost, high supporting speed and obvious economic effect. With the wider application of the anchor rod in the engineering, the anchor rod is gradually developed into a main supporting mode for mine roadways, water conservancy slopes and the like from low-strength, high-strength, pre-stress, constant-resistance pre-stressed anchor rods and other stages. In recent years, with the increase of the coal mining depth, the anchor bolt supporting structure not only bears the static load generated by the deformation of surrounding rocks of the roadway, but also can be influenced by strong disturbance such as roadway excavation or mining and the like. Under the action of high stress and strong disturbance, the problem of bolt support failure is more prominent, which becomes an important problem affecting the safety and production efficiency of workers.
In recent years, many scholars at home and abroad develop researches on anchor rod materials, anchoring performance, anchoring mechanical mechanism and anchor rod failure mechanism, and many scholars recognize that dynamic load suffered by mines and roadways is one of important factors of instability of anchor rod support. In order to research the action mechanism of the dynamic load on the anchor rod, a plurality of scholars carry out a great deal of research on the action mechanism, develop corresponding test equipment and put forward a new research method, for example, a dynamic anchor rod and surrounding rock mechanical property research device and a using method thereof are introduced with the patent number 201810199245. X; patent No. 201710695466.1 discloses a dynamic quantitative device for impact resistance of anchor rod and its test method, and a series of patents for studying anchor rod and its anchoring performance are registered and published successively. However, most patents and methods only discuss the action mechanism of the anchor rod and the anchoring body thereof under the action of dynamic load, and cannot consider the influence of the surrounding rock surrounding pressure of the roadway and the dynamic load coupling on the anchor rod and the anchoring performance. From the anchoring performance of the anchor rod on site, the supporting effect of the anchor rod supporting body is greatly influenced by the mechanical environment of the roadway, the dynamic load action effect is often more obvious due to the increase of confining pressure, and the specific action mechanism needs to be further researched, so that the action mechanism of the confining pressure and the dynamic load on the anchor rod and the anchor rod supporting body needs to be discussed.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention aims to provide a dynamic and static coupling loading anchoring body test device which can measure the mechanical characteristics and the failure rule of an anchor rod and surrounding rock under the action of surrounding pressure and dynamic load.
In order to achieve the purpose of the invention, the following technical scheme is adopted in the application:
the invention relates to a dynamic and static coupling loading anchor body test device, which comprises: bullet, static pressure control box, test piece, the pole of inciting, data acquisition device, data processing device, buffer and base, bear the weight of the piece and the piece is carried on the top before being equipped with respectively on the base, still install bottom load cylinder on the base, preceding load cylinder, bear the weight of the medial extremity of piece before being equipped with, bear the weight of the axle at the top and install the top in the downward one side of piece, bullet, the pole of inciting, the test piece, buffer is on same straight line, its characterized in that: it still includes: the anti-tilting support is connected with the base, and one side of the anti-tilting support is provided with a rotary shaft roller for supporting the rear loading plate.
The invention relates to a test device for a dynamic and static coupling loading anchor body, wherein: the loading plate is a rectangular plate with a loading plate sliding groove, the inner side of the loading plate is a smooth plane, the front loading plate is perpendicular to the bottom loading plate and is in contact with the inner side of the bottom loading plate, the contact edge of the front loading plate is an arc-shaped edge, the top loading plate is perpendicular to the front loading plate and is in contact with the inner side of the front loading plate, the contact edge of the top loading plate is an arc-shaped edge, the rear loading plate is perpendicular to the top loading plate and is in contact with the inner side of the top loading plate, the contact edge of the rear loading plate is an arc-shaped edge, the bottom loading plate is perpendicular to the rear loading plate and is in contact with the inner side of the rear loading plate, and the.
The invention relates to a test device for a dynamic and static coupling loading anchor body, wherein: the test piece is provided with an anchor rod and a hydraulic dynamometer, and is pre-tightened by a pre-tightening nut, and the two long ends of the test piece are slightly longer than the loading plate.
The invention relates to a test device for a dynamic and static coupling loading anchor body, wherein: the front loading oil cylinder comprises: the disc coupling is connected with the front loading plate through a contactor, the bottom loading oil cylinder can apply axial load, and the shaft does not move in any direction except the axial direction.
The invention relates to a test device for a dynamic and static coupling loading anchor body, wherein: the bullet is a spindle-shaped bullet, the diameter of the incident rod is slightly larger than the diameter of the circumscribed circle of the test piece, and the axes of the bullet, the test piece and the incident rod are on the same straight line.
The invention relates to a test device for a dynamic and static coupling loading anchor body, wherein: the static load loading device comprises: the hydraulic pipeline is connected with the static pressure control box, the front pressurizing oil cylinder and the bottom pressurizing oil cylinder, the front loading oil cylinder and the bottom loading oil cylinder are controlled by controlling the static pressure control box to respectively pressurize the front loading plate and the bottom loading plate, and the loading plate transmits the load to the test piece.
The invention relates to a test device for a dynamic and static coupling loading anchor body, wherein: the sensor 1 and the sensor 2 are respectively connected with an information acquisition device through different conducting wires, and the information acquisition device is connected with an information processing device through a data wire.
The invention relates to a test device for a dynamic and static coupling loading anchor body, wherein: the buffer device is a cuboid without a cover on the left side, a certain accommodating space is arranged in the cuboid, buffer materials are filled in the accommodating space, and a circular opening is formed in the right side of the cuboid.
The invention relates to a test device for a dynamic and static coupling loading anchor body, wherein: the bottom end of the top bearing shaft is a small cylinder, a coupler and a connecting shaft are connected to the small cylinder, the connecting shaft and the top loading plate are allowed to move up and down and move along the front-back direction, movement in other directions is limited, and the rear bearing shaft is connected with the rear loading plate through a small cylinder connecting contactor arranged on the rear bearing shaft.
The invention relates to a test device for a dynamic and static coupling loading anchor body, wherein: the coupler comprises a bearing steel ball and a steel ball limiting disc, two symmetrical grooves are formed in a top bearing shaft, a pair of convex blocks are arranged on the upper portion of a connecting shaft, and the convex blocks on the connecting shaft and the grooves on the bearing shaft are combined to limit the connecting shaft to move up and down and move along the length direction of a test piece.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the technical effects that: the static pressure loading device applies static load to the test piece vertically and transversely, the pressure is stable and reliable, the size can be adjusted, the incident rod transmits dynamic load to the test piece by impacting the incident rod through the high-speed bullet, and the dynamic load loading of the anchoring body test piece is realized. The invention realizes the measurement of the dynamic and static mechanical properties of the anchor rod and the surrounding rock subjected to static load under the condition of a laboratory, and can well simulate the damage property of the anchor rock subjected to the dynamic and static load under the condition of deep mining. The invention has the advantages of simple test process, convenient operation and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a dynamic and static coupling loading anchor testing device according to the present invention; in the present application, front, back, left and right are referred to in perspective views;
FIG. 2 is a side view of a hydrostatic loading unit;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged schematic view of item I-I;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a coupling (reference numeral 37);
in fig. 1, 2, 3 and 4, reference numeral 1 is a bullet; reference numeral 2 is an incident rod; reference numeral 3 is a sensor 1; reference numeral 4 is a base; reference numeral 5 is a front bearer block; reference numeral 6 is a top loading block; reference numeral 7 denotes a fixing bolt 1; reference numeral 8 denotes an oil cylinder fixing bolt; reference numeral 9 is a rear bearing shaft; reference numeral 10 is a top connecting shaft; reference numeral 11 is a loading plate chute; reference numeral 12 is a loading plate; reference numeral 13 is a specimen; reference numeral 14 is a buffer; reference numeral 15 is a circular opening; reference numeral 16 is a front support plate fixing plate; reference numeral 17 is a bottom loading cylinder; reference numeral 18 is a second fixing bolt; reference numeral 19 is a sensor attachment port; reference numeral 20 is a second sensor; reference numeral 21 is an anti-roll stand; reference numeral 22 is an anchor rod; reference numeral 23 is a pre-tightening nut; reference numeral 24 is a hydraulic dynamometer; reference numeral 25 is a conductive wire; reference numeral 26 is a data acquisition device; reference numeral 27 denotes a data processing device; reference numeral 28 is a static pressure control box; reference numeral 29 is a hydraulic line; reference numeral 30 is a front loading cylinder; reference numeral 31 is a loading shaft; reference numeral 32 is a top bearing shaft; reference numeral 33 is a front connecting shaft; reference numeral 34 is a support beam roll; reference numeral 35 is a connecting shaft projection, and reference numeral 36 is a top support shaft groove; reference numeral 37 is a coupling; reference numeral 39 is a contactor; reference numeral 12-1 is a rear loading plate; reference numeral 12-2 is a top loading plate; reference numeral 12-3 is a bottom loading plate; reference numeral 12-4 is a front loading plate; reference numeral 37-1 is a supporting steel ball; reference numeral 37-2 is a steel ball limiting disc; no. 37-3 steel balls are provided with circular holes.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, fig. 2, fig. 3 and fig. 4, the dynamic and static coupling loading anchor testing device of the present invention comprises: bullet 1, static pressure control box 28, test piece 13, incident rod 2, data acquisition device 26, data processing apparatus 27, buffer 14 and base 4, bear chunk 5 and top load chunk 6 before being equipped with respectively on base 4, still install bottom load cylinder 17 on base 4, preceding load cylinder 30, bear chunk 5's medial extremity before being equipped with before being equipped with, bear chunk 6 at the top and install the top in one side downwards and bear axle 32, bullet 1, incident rod 2, test piece 13, buffer 14 is on same straight line, its characterized in that: it still includes: the anti-tilting support 21 is connected with the base 4, and one side of the anti-tilting support 21 is provided with a rotating shaft roller 34 for supporting the rear loading plate 12-1.
The dynamic load device shown in fig. 1: the high-speed bullet 1, the incident rod 2 and the first sensor 3, wherein the bullet 1 impacts the incident rod 2 to generate stress waves and transmit the stress waves to the test piece 13.
The static load loading apparatus shown in fig. 2 includes: the device comprises a front loading oil cylinder 30, a bottom loading oil cylinder 17, a static pressure control box 28, a loading plate 12, a top loading block 6, a top loading shaft 32 and a rear loading shaft 9, wherein the front loading oil cylinder and the bottom loading oil cylinder are controlled by controlling the static pressure control box 28 to respectively pressurize a front loading plate 12-4 and a bottom loading plate 12-1, the loading plate 12 transmits the load to a test piece 13, the loading plate 12 is a rectangular plate with a loading plate chute 11, the inner side of the loading plate 12 is a smooth plane, the front loading plate 12-4 is perpendicular to the bottom loading plate 12-3 and is contacted with the inner side of the bottom loading plate 12-3, the contact edge of the front loading plate is an arc-shaped edge, the top loading plate 12-2 is perpendicular to the front loading plate 12-4 and is contacted with the inner side of the front loading plate 12-4, the contact edge of the top loading plate is an arc-shaped edge, the rear loading plate 12-1 is perpendicular to the top loading plate 12-2, the contact edge of the rear loading plate is an arc edge, the bottom loading plate 12-3 is perpendicular to the rear loading plate 12-1 and contacts the inner side of the rear loading plate 12-1, and the contact edge of the bottom loading plate is an arc edge.
The buffer device includes: the buffer device 14 is a cuboid without a cover on the left side, a certain accommodating space is arranged in the cuboid, buffer materials are filled in the accommodating space, and a circular opening 15 is formed in the right side of the cuboid.
The coupler 37 comprises a bearing steel ball 37-1 and a steel ball limiting disc 37-2, two symmetrical grooves 36 are formed in the top bearing shaft 32, a pair of protrusions 35 are arranged on the upper portion of the connecting shaft 10, and the protrusions 35 on the connecting shaft and the grooves on the bearing shaft 36 are combined to limit the up-and-down movement of the connecting shaft 10 and the movement along the length direction of the test piece 13.
The front loading cylinder 30, the bottom loading cylinder 17, the top bearing shaft 32, the rear bearing shaft 9 and the loading plate 12 are all provided with contactors 39 in contact with each other as shown in fig. 2 and 3.
Claims (10)
1. A kind of dynamic and static coupling loads the test device of the anchor, it includes: bullet (1), static pressure control box (28), test piece (13), pole (2) of inciting, data acquisition device (26), data processing apparatus (27), buffer (14) and base (4), bear chunk (5) and top load-carrying chunk (6) before being equipped with respectively on base (4), still install bottom load-carrying cylinder (17) on base (4), preceding load-carrying cylinder (30), bear before the medial extremity of chunk (5) is equipped with before load-carrying cylinder (30), bear axle (32) are installed on one side downwards in top load-carrying chunk (6), bullet (1), pole (2) of inciting, test piece (13), buffer (14) are on same straight line, its characterized in that: it still includes: the anti-tilting support comprises an anti-tilting support (21), a loading plate (12), an oil pressure pipeline (25), a sensor 1(3) and a sensor 2(20), wherein the loading plate (12) comprises a top loading plate (12-2), a bottom loading plate (12-3), a front loading plate (12-4) and a rear loading plate (12-1), five sensor pasting openings (19) are formed in the front loading plate (12-4), the sensor 2(20) is pasted on a test piece in the sensor pasting openings (19), the anti-tilting support (21) is connected with a base (4), and a rotary shaft roller (34) is arranged on one side of the anti-tilting support and supports the rear loading plate (12-1).
2. The dynamically and statically coupled loading anchor test device of claim 1, wherein: the loading plate (12) is a rectangular plate with a loading plate sliding groove (11), the inner side of the loading plate is a smooth plane, the front loading plate (12-4) is perpendicular to the bottom loading plate (12-3) and is in contact with the inner side of the bottom loading plate (12-3), the contact edge of the front loading plate is an arc-shaped edge, the top loading plate (12-2) is perpendicular to the front loading plate (12-4) and is in contact with the inner side of the front loading plate (12-4), the contact edge of the top loading plate is an arc-shaped edge, the rear loading plate (12-1) is perpendicular to the top loading plate (12-2) and is in contact with the inner side of the top loading plate (12-2), the contact edge of the rear loading plate is an arc-shaped edge, the bottom loading plate (12-3) is perpendicular to the rear loading plate (12-1) and is in contact with the inner side of the rear loading plate (12-1), and the contact edge of the bottom.
3. The dynamically-statically coupled loading anchor testing device of claim 3, wherein: the test piece is provided with an anchor rod (22) and a hydraulic dynamometer (24), and is pre-tightened by a pre-tightening nut (23), and the two long ends of the test piece (13) are slightly longer than the loading plate (12).
4. The dynamically-statically coupled loading anchor test device of claim 4, wherein: the front loading oil cylinder comprises: the front loading oil cylinder (30) is connected with a loading shaft (31) and a coupling (26), the lower end of the disc coupling is provided with the front connecting shaft (33), the disc coupling is in contact with the front loading plate (12-4) through a contactor (39), the bottom loading oil cylinder (17) can apply axial load, and the shaft does not move in any direction except the axial direction.
5. The dynamically-statically coupled loading anchor testing device of claim 5, wherein: the bullet (1) is a spindle-shaped bullet, the diameter of the incident rod (2) is slightly larger than the diameter of the circumscribed circle of the test piece (13), and the axes of the bullet (1), the test piece (13) and the incident rod (2) are on the same straight line.
6. The dynamically-statically coupled loading anchor testing device of claim 6, wherein: the static load loading device comprises: the device comprises a front loading oil cylinder (30), a bottom loading oil cylinder (17), a static pressure control box (28), a loading plate (12), a top loading block (6), a top loading shaft (32) and a rear loading shaft (9), an oil pressure pipeline (29) is connected with the static pressure control box (28), the front pressurizing oil cylinder (30) and the bottom pressurizing oil cylinder (17), the front loading oil cylinder (30) and the bottom loading oil cylinder (17) are controlled to pressurize the front loading plate (12-4) and the bottom loading plate (12-1) respectively by controlling the static pressure control box (28), and the loading plate (12) transmits load to a test piece (13).
7. The hybrid dynamic-static coupling loading anchor testing device of claim 7, wherein: the sensors 1(3) and 2(20) are respectively connected with an information acquisition device (26) through different conducting wires (25), and the information acquisition device (26) is connected with an information processing device (27) through a data wire.
8. The hybrid dynamic-static coupling loading anchor testing device of claim 8, wherein: the buffer device (14) is a cuboid without a cover on the left side, a certain accommodating space is arranged in the cuboid, buffer materials are filled in the accommodating space, and a circular opening (15) is formed in the right side of the cuboid.
9. The dynamically-statically coupled loading anchor test apparatus of claim 12, wherein: the bottom end of the top bearing shaft (32) is a small cylinder, a coupler (37) and a connecting shaft (10) are connected to the small cylinder, the connecting shaft (10) and the top loading plate (12-2) are allowed to move up and down and move along the front and back directions, movement in other directions is limited, and the rear bearing shaft (9) is connected with the rear loading plate (12-1) through a small cylinder connecting contactor (39) on the rear bearing shaft.
10. The hybrid dynamic-static coupling loading anchor testing device of claim 9, wherein: the coupler (37) comprises supporting steel balls (37-1) and a steel ball limiting disc (37-2), two symmetrical grooves (36) are formed in the top bearing shaft (32), a pair of convex blocks (35) are arranged on the upper portion of the connecting shaft (10), the convex blocks (35) on the connecting shaft and the grooves on the bearing shaft (36) are combined to limit the up-and-down movement of the connecting shaft (10) and the movement along the length direction of the test piece (13).
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| CN201911021379.3A CN110595918B (en) | 2019-10-25 | 2019-10-25 | Dynamic and static coupling loading anchor body test device |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201911021379.3A CN110595918B (en) | 2019-10-25 | 2019-10-25 | Dynamic and static coupling loading anchor body test device |
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| CN110595918A true CN110595918A (en) | 2019-12-20 |
| CN110595918B CN110595918B (en) | 2024-03-29 |
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Cited By (8)
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| CN111458214A (en) * | 2019-12-24 | 2020-07-28 | 南京理工大学 | True triaxial loading test device for large-size frozen soil |
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| CN113216937A (en) * | 2021-06-23 | 2021-08-06 | 中煤科工集团重庆研究院有限公司 | Dynamic comprehensive performance test method and device for coal mine drill rod |
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