CN110593829B - Automatic judgment method and device for interwell communication mode of fracture-cavity type oil reservoir - Google Patents

Automatic judgment method and device for interwell communication mode of fracture-cavity type oil reservoir Download PDF

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CN110593829B
CN110593829B CN201910747273.5A CN201910747273A CN110593829B CN 110593829 B CN110593829 B CN 110593829B CN 201910747273 A CN201910747273 A CN 201910747273A CN 110593829 B CN110593829 B CN 110593829B
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张冬梅
邢路通
胡安忠
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China University of Geosciences
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Abstract

The invention discloses an automatic judgment method and device for an interwell communication mode of a fracture-cavity type oil reservoir, comprising the following steps of: traversing and calculating the maximum fluctuation change amplitude characteristic parameter of production well production data in a period of time after water injection of the fracture-cavity oil reservoir based on a sliding window; quantifying the characteristic parameters of the variation degree of the production indexes of the water yield and the oil yield of each production well after the water injection of the fracture-cavity oil reservoir by adopting a multi-fractal spectrum; and based on the calculated maximum fluctuation change amplitude characteristic parameter of the production data and the characteristic parameters of the oil yield and the water yield change degree, comparing the maximum fluctuation change amplitude characteristic parameter with preset threshold ranges of the parameters, and automatically judging the inter-well communication mode of the fracture-cavity type oil reservoir as one of inter-well fracture communication, inter-well hole communication and inter-well fracture-hole composite communication. The method realizes the automatic judgment of the inter-well communication mode for the first time, effectively improves the identification efficiency and can guide the production of the oil reservoir.

Description

Automatic judgment method and device for interwell communication mode of fracture-cavity type oil reservoir
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of oil reservoir engineering, in particular to an automatic judgment method and device for an interwell communication mode of a fractured-vuggy reservoir, which are particularly suitable for the development of the fractured-vuggy carbonate reservoir.
Background
Under the action of multi-phase structure and karst, the fracture-cavity oil reservoir forms a reservoir space mainly comprising erosion cavities and fractures, and the reservoir is strong in heterogeneity. According to the relation of the inter-well fracture-cavity combination and the space configuration, the inter-well communication modes of injection and production of the fracture-cavity type oil reservoir are complex and various. According to the communication relation among reservoirs, the research mainly divides the inter-well communication modes of the Tahe oil field into three types of hole communication, seam communication and seam-hole composite communication. At present, the method for judging the inter-well communication mode is mainly based on manual judgment of static data (earthquake, well logging and the like), and has the problems of ambiguity, multiple solutions, low efficiency and the like.
During the production of oilfield flooding, injected water flows along the dominant channel between wells, the more obvious the dynamic response is, the stronger the connectivity is, and the geological characteristics between wells can be indirectly reflected to a certain extent. The multi-fractal method is a method for researching overall characteristics from system parts, and calculates probability distribution conditions by means of a statistical physical method. Therefore, on the basis of comprehensively analyzing the output curve characteristics and the production dynamic response characteristics of the tracer under different communication modes, the fluctuation change degree of production indexes such as the pressure, the oil yield and the like of the adjacent production well after the continuous water injection working system is changed is researched by adopting a multi-fractal spectrum description, the maximum fluctuation change amplitude characteristic parameter of the production well production data within a period of time after water injection is calculated based on the traversal of a sliding window, and the automatic judgment of the communication mode among the wells of the fracture-cavity type oil reservoir is realized on the basis of extracting various fluctuation change characteristics.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem that the existing method for judging the inter-well communication mode in the prior art mainly carries out manual judgment on the basis of static data (earthquake, well logging and the like), and has the problems of ambiguity, multiple solutions, low efficiency and the like.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: an automatic judgment method for constructing a fracture-cavity type oil reservoir inter-well communication mode comprises the following steps:
s1, traversing and calculating the maximum fluctuation change amplitude characteristic parameter of the production data of the production well in a period of time after water injection of the fracture-cavity oil reservoir based on a sliding window;
s2, quantifying variation degree characteristic parameters of the water yield and oil yield production indexes of each production well after water injection of the fracture-cavity oil reservoir by adopting a multi-fractal spectrum;
and S3, based on the maximum fluctuation change amplitude characteristic parameter of the calculated production data and the characteristic parameters of the fluctuation degree of the oil production and the water production, comparing the maximum fluctuation change amplitude characteristic parameter with the preset threshold value range of each parameter, and automatically judging the inter-well communication mode of the fracture-cavity type oil reservoir as one of inter-well fracture communication, inter-well hole communication and inter-well fracture-hole composite communication.
Further, in the method for automatically determining the communication mode between wells of the fracture-cavity type reservoir, step S1 specifically includes the following steps:
s11, reading production well production data of the fractured-vuggy reservoir after water injection;
s12, deleting the shut-in well section and the production well production data three days after the well is opened to realize pretreatment;
s13, selecting production well production data which has a time span T after water injection and is preprocessed, and initializing a sliding window T, wherein T is less than T;
s14, traversing the selected production data sequence with the span of T by using a sliding window T, and calculating the fluctuation change amplitude of the production data of the production well subjected to data cleaning in each sliding window; the calculation formula of the fluctuation amplitude is as follows: Δ w ═ max (T)s)-min(Ts) Wherein T issProducing data values for the production wells in the production data sequence;
and S15, counting to obtain the maximum fluctuation amplitude of all the sliding windows.
Further, in the method for automatically determining the communication mode between wells of the fracture-cavity type oil reservoir of the present invention, in step S1, the production data of the production well specifically includes fluid production, oil production, water content, stroke, choke, etc.
Further, in the method for automatically judging the communication mode between wells of the fracture-cavity type oil reservoir, the step S2 specifically includes the following steps:
s21, respectively reading the water yield and oil yield production data of the production well after water injection of the fracture-cavity oil reservoir;
s22, deleting the shut-in well section and the production well production data three days after the well is opened to realize pretreatment;
s23, setting the value range q of the weight factorminAnd q ismaxAnd a time scale δ;
s24, dividing the data sequence corresponding to the preprocessed water yield and oil yield production data for different time scales delta, and calculating probability measure P under each time scalei(δ):
Figure BDA0002165983090000031
Figure BDA0002165983090000032
Wherein Ii(delta) is the sum of the numerical values of the data sequence corresponding to the water yield or the oil yield of the ith interval divided by the current time scale, and N is the total number of the intervals of the water yield or the oil yield;
s25, calculating the distribution function under each time scale after being divided
Figure BDA0002165983090000033
And S26, drawing and fitting a log-log curve of the time scale and the distribution function, and calculating the slope of the curve as the quality index tau (q).
S27, calculating the singularity index alpha and the multi-fractal spectrum f (alpha) based on Legendre transformation, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:
α=dτ(q)/dq
Figure BDA0002165983090000034
s28, if q<qmaxThen update q to q +1 and proceed to step S24; otherwise, go to S29;
and S29, calculating the multi-fractal spectrum width as a fluctuation change degree parameter of the water yield and the oil yield.
Further, in the method for automatically judging the communication mode between wells of the fracture-cavity type oil reservoir, in step S26, the fitting time scale and the log-log curve of the distribution function are specifically fitted by using a least square method.
Further, in the method for automatically judging the inter-well communication mode of the fractured-vuggy reservoir of the present invention, the specific rule for automatically dividing the inter-well communication mode of the fractured-vuggy reservoir into one of inter-well communication, inter-well communication and inter-well composite communication is as follows:
s31, if the fluctuation degree parameter of the oil production or the water production is larger than K1 or the maximum fluctuation amplitude is larger than K2, determining that the well intervals are communicated, otherwise, turning to S32;
s32, if the fluctuation degree of the oil production and the water production is less than K3 and the maximum fluctuation degree is less than K4, judging that the wells are communicated with each other, otherwise, turning to S33;
s33, judging that the well is in fracture-cavity composite communication;
s34, outputting an injection-production inter-well communication mode;
further, in the method for automatically judging the communication mode between the wells of the fracture-cavity type oil reservoir, K3 is 0.25, K1 is 0.5, K4 is 25 and K2 is 40.
The invention also provides an automatic judgment device for the interwell communication mode of the fracture-cavity type oil reservoir, which is used for solving the technical problem and comprises a computer storage medium, wherein a computer executable instruction is stored in the computer storage medium and is used for realizing the automatic judgment method for the interwell communication mode of the fracture-cavity type oil reservoir.
The implementation of the method and the device for automatically judging the communication mode between the wells of the fracture-cavity type oil reservoir has the following beneficial effects: according to the method, the maximum fluctuation characteristic extraction based on the sliding window and the fluctuation change degree characteristic automatic extraction based on the multi-fractal are adopted, so that the automatic judgment of the inter-well communication mode based on the production dynamic data is realized, the judgment efficiency of the inter-well communication mode is effectively improved, and the production of the oil reservoir can be guided.
Drawings
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, in which:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of automatic extraction of fluctuation variation degree characteristics of production data;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of automatic extraction of maximum fluctuation characteristics of production data;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of automatic determination of the communication mode between wells of a fracture-cavity type oil reservoir;
figure 4 is a graph of TK634 well group TK747 well tracer production concentration;
figure 5 is a graph of TK634 well group TK715 well tracer production concentration;
figure 6 is a graph of TK634 well group TK713 well tracer production concentration.
Detailed Description
For a more clear understanding of the technical features, objects and effects of the present invention, embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Reservoir geological features are different, and the characteristics of a tracer concentration output curve and a production dynamic curve under different communication modes are different. The research starts from injection-production response and similar interference characteristics, and various fluctuation response characteristic parameters are automatically extracted by combining the analysis of a tracer concentration output curve, so that the automatic evaluation of the inter-well communication mode is realized.
1. Analyzing injection-production response characteristics of different well communication modes
Reservoir geological characteristics are different, as are response characteristics of production wells over time after flooding.
(1) If the communication mode mainly based on hole communication is adopted among wells, the dynamic response characteristics generated among injection and production wells are not obvious because the pressure interference among the wells is not large;
(2) if the communication mode mainly based on large-scale fracture communication exists among wells, pressure interference among the wells is obvious through the large-scale fracture communication, and the production dynamic response is obvious;
(3) if the communication mode of the joint-hole composite communication is adopted among the wells, the communication mode is complex through erosion holes or multi-crack combination communication, and the production dynamic response degree is between the hole communication and the large-scale crack communication.
2. Analysis of tracer production characteristics for different interwell communication modes
The forms of the tracer concentration production curve and the accumulated production curve indirectly reflect the geological characteristics of the reservoir, such as the development degree and the heterogeneity of cracks.
(1) If the wells are in a communication mode mainly based on hole communication, due to the diffusion effect, the tracer concentration output curve is characterized by long peak-finding time and low peak concentration, and the whole tracer concentration output curve is in a parabolic state;
(2) if the well is a communication mode mainly based on single large-scale fracture communication, the tracer rapidly advances along the fracture, and the tracer concentration output curve is characterized by short peak-finding time, high advancing speed and narrow single-peak shape;
(3) if the well is in a joint-hole composite communication mode, the tracer concentration produces a curve with the morphological characteristics of fluctuation rising, the concentration of the wider wave peak slowly decreases, the number of the wave peaks is related to the number of the cracks, and the fluctuation range of the curve is wider.
Based on analysis of dynamic response characteristics and tracer concentration output curve characteristics in different communication modes, a maximum fluctuation characteristic extraction technology based on a sliding window and a fluctuation change degree characteristic quantification technology based on multi-fractal are respectively adopted, and an automatic evaluation technology of an inter-well communication mode is comprehensively formed.
Referring to fig. 1 to fig. 3, the present invention provides an automatic determination method for an interwell communication mode of a fracture-cavity type oil reservoir, comprising the following steps:
s1, traversing and calculating the maximum fluctuation change amplitude characteristic parameter of the production data of the production well in a period of time after water injection of the fracture-cavity oil reservoir based on a sliding window; the production data of the production well specifically refers to liquid production amount, oil production amount, water content, stroke frequency, oil nozzle and the like.
Step S1 specifically includes the following steps:
s11, reading production well production data of the fractured-vuggy reservoir after water injection;
s12, deleting the shut-in well section and the production well production data three days after the well is opened to realize pretreatment;
s13, selecting production well production data which has a time span T after water injection and is preprocessed, and initializing a sliding window T, wherein T is less than T;
s14, traversing the selected production data sequence with the span of T by using a sliding window T, and calculating the fluctuation change amplitude of the production data of the production well subjected to data cleaning in each sliding window; the calculation formula of the fluctuation amplitude is as follows: Δ w ═ max (T)s)-min(Ts) Wherein T issProducing data values for the production wells in the production data sequence;
and S15, counting the maximum fluctuation change amplitude of all the sliding windows.
And S2, measuring fluctuation characteristic parameters of the water yield and oil yield production indexes of each production well after water injection of the fracture-cavity oil reservoir by adopting a multi-fractal spectrum.
Step S2 specifically includes the following steps:
s21, respectively reading the water yield and oil yield production data of the production well after water injection of the fracture-cavity oil reservoir;
s22, deleting the shut-in well section and the production well production data three days after the well is opened to realize pretreatment;
s23, setting the value range q of the weight factorminAnd q ismaxAnd a time scale δ;
s24, dividing the data sequence corresponding to the preprocessed water yield and oil yield production data for different time scales delta, and calculating probability measure P under each time scalei(δ):
Figure BDA0002165983090000071
Figure BDA0002165983090000072
Wherein Ii(delta) is the sum of the numerical values of the data sequence corresponding to the water yield or the oil yield of the ith interval divided by the current time scale, and N is the total number of the intervals of the water yield or the oil yield;
s25, calculating the distribution function under each time scale after being divided
Figure BDA0002165983090000073
And S26, drawing and fitting a log-log curve of the time scale and the distribution function, and calculating the slope of the curve as the quality index tau (q).
S27, calculating the singularity index alpha and the multi-fractal spectrum f (alpha) based on Legendre transformation, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:
α=dτ(q)/dq
Figure BDA0002165983090000074
s28, if q<qmaxThen update q to q +1 and proceed to step S24; otherwise, go to S29;
and S29, calculating the multi-fractal spectrum width as a fluctuation change degree parameter of the water yield and the oil yield.
And S3, comparing the maximum fluctuation characteristic amplitude of the calculated production data, the characteristic parameters of the fluctuation degree of the oil production and the water production with a threshold range of a preset value, and automatically dividing the inter-well communication mode of the fracture-cavity oil reservoir into one of inter-well fracture communication, inter-well cavity communication and inter-well fracture-cavity composite communication. The specific rule for automatically dividing the inter-well communication mode of the fracture-cavity oil reservoir into one of inter-well gap communication, inter-well hole communication and inter-well gap-hole composite communication is as follows:
s31, if the fluctuation degree parameter of the oil production or the water production is larger than K1 or the maximum fluctuation amplitude is larger than K2, determining that the well intervals are communicated, otherwise, turning to S32;
s32, if the fluctuation degree of the oil production and the water production is less than K3 and the maximum fluctuation degree is less than K4, judging that the wells are communicated with each other, otherwise, turning to S33;
s33, judging that the well is in fracture-cavity composite communication;
s34, outputting an injection-production inter-well communication mode;
in this embodiment, K3 is 0.25, K1 is 0.5, K4 is 25, and K2 is 40.
Examples of the invention
The tower river oil field fracture-cave type oil reservoir is an oil reservoir mainly comprising a karst cave and a fracture cave, and different inter-well communication modes are obtained according to different spatial configuration relations. The experiment takes an S80 unit TK634 well group as an example, the well group is positioned in a Tahe oilfield 6 area, and the production layer is Ordovician O1-2yThe karst cave and the fissure cave develop, and the natural energy is sufficient. The TK634 well group starts water injection at 18 th 4 th 2009, the inter-well communication mode of the production well of the well group is judged by adopting an inter-well communication mode automatic judgment algorithm, and the result is shown in the table 1:
TABLE 1 TK642 well group algorithm calculation results and tracer results
Figure BDA0002165983090000081
From the characteristics of oil production and water production fluctuation of the TK747 production well, the calculation results of the oil production, the water production fluctuation degree and the maximum water content fluctuation of the TK747 well are all larger than the upper threshold limit set by the algorithm, so that the inter-well interference is obvious, the production dynamic response is obvious, and the TK747 production well is judged to be communicated by seams. The calculation results of fluctuation degree characteristics of the TK713 well and the TK715 well are both larger than 0.2, and the maximum fluctuation is both smaller than 40 and larger than 25, which indicates that the interference degree between wells is general, and the injection and production response is obvious, so that the fracture-cave composite communication is determined.
Comparing the tracer test result of the well group at the same period with the automatic judgment result of the inter-well communication mode, and generating a curve corresponding to the concentration of the tracer as shown in the figures 4-6.
From the tracer concentration output curve, the TK747 well has the fastest breakthrough speed which reaches 216.9m/d, the peak concentration is the largest and reaches 259.6cd, the peak finding time is short, and the curve is in a single-peak form, so that the TK747 well and a water injection well have an advantage channel, and the TK747 well is in a large-scale crack communication mode; in the other two wells, the breakthrough speed of the TK715 well is 125.1m/d, the peak concentration is 92.6cd, the breakthrough speed of the TK715 well is 76.8m/d, and the peak concentration is 64.9cd, namely, the peak concentration of the two wells is larger, the concentration is slowly reduced, and the curve form is in a fluctuation rising state, which indicates that the two wells are in fracture-cavity compound communication.
In conclusion, the calculation result of the automatic inter-well communication mode judgment algorithm is basically consistent with the tracer test result, and the inter-well communication mode can be effectively reflected.
While the present invention has been described with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawings, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments, which are illustrative and not restrictive, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.

Claims (5)

1. An automatic judgment method for a fracture-cavity type oil reservoir inter-well communication mode is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, calculating the maximum fluctuation change amplitude characteristic parameter of the production data of the production well within a period of time after water injection of the fracture-cavity oil reservoir based on the traversal of the sliding window, and specifically comprising the following steps:
s11, reading production well production data of the fractured-vuggy reservoir after water injection;
s12, deleting the shut-in well section and the production well production data three days after the well is opened to realize pretreatment;
s13, selecting production well production data which have a time span T after water injection and are preprocessed, and initializing a sliding window to be T, wherein T is less than T;
s14, traversing the selected production data sequence with the span of T by using a sliding window T, and calculating the fluctuation change amplitude of the production data of the production well subjected to data cleaning in each sliding window; the calculation formula of the fluctuation amplitude is as follows: Δ w ═ max (T)s)-min(Ts) Wherein T issProducing data values for the production wells in the production data sequence;
s15, counting to obtain the maximum fluctuation amplitude of all sliding windows;
s2, quantifying characteristic parameters of the change degree of the water yield and oil yield production indexes of each production well after water injection of the fracture-cavity oil reservoir by adopting a multi-fractal spectrum, and specifically comprising the following steps;
s21, respectively reading the water yield and oil yield production data of the production well after water injection of the fracture-cavity oil reservoir;
s22, deleting the shut-in well section and the production well production data three days after the well is opened to realize pretreatment;
s23, setting the value range q of the weight factorminAnd q ismaxAnd a time scale δ;
s24, dividing the data sequence corresponding to the preprocessed water yield and oil yield production data for different time scales delta, and calculating probability measure P under each time scalei(δ):
Figure FDA0002948095770000011
Figure FDA0002948095770000012
Wherein Ii(delta) is the sum of the numerical values of the data sequence corresponding to the water yield or the oil yield of the ith interval divided by the current time scale, and N is the total number of the intervals of the water yield or the oil yield;
s25, calculating the distribution function under each time scale after being divided
Figure FDA0002948095770000021
S26, drawing a log-log curve of the time scale and the distribution function, fitting, and calculating the slope of the curve as a quality index tau (q);
s27, calculating the singularity index alpha and the multi-fractal spectrum f (alpha) based on Legendre transformation, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:
α=dτ(q)/dq
Figure FDA0002948095770000022
s28, if q is less than qmaxThen update q to q +1 and proceed to step S24; otherwise, go to S29;
s29, calculating the multi-fractal spectrum width as the fluctuation change degree parameter of the water yield and the oil yield;
s3, based on the maximum fluctuation change amplitude characteristic parameter of the calculated production data and the characteristic parameters of the fluctuation degree of the oil production and the water production, comparing the maximum fluctuation change amplitude characteristic parameter with the preset threshold value range of each parameter, and automatically judging the inter-well communication mode of the fracture-cavity type oil reservoir as one of inter-well fracture communication, inter-well hole communication and inter-well fracture-hole composite communication, wherein the specific rule is as follows:
s31, if the fluctuation degree parameter of the oil production or the water production is larger than K1 or the maximum fluctuation amplitude is larger than K2, determining that the well intervals are communicated, otherwise, turning to S32;
s32, if the fluctuation degree of the oil production and the water production is less than K3 and the maximum fluctuation degree is less than K4, judging that the wells are communicated with each other, otherwise, turning to S33;
s33, judging that the well is in fracture-cavity composite communication;
and S34, outputting an injection-production inter-well communication mode.
2. The automatic determination method according to claim 1, wherein in step S1, the production data of the production well specifically includes fluid production, oil production, water cut, stroke, nozzle tip.
3. The automatic determination method according to claim 1, wherein in step S26, the fitting time scale and the log-log curve of the distribution function are fitted by a least square method.
4. The automatic determination method according to claim 1, wherein K3-0.25, K1-0.5, K4-25, and K2-40.
5. An automatic determination device for fracture-cavity type reservoir inter-well communication mode is characterized by comprising a computer storage medium, wherein computer executable instructions are stored in the computer storage medium and used for realizing the automatic determination method for fracture-cavity type reservoir inter-well communication mode according to any one of claims 1-4.
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