CN110593552A - Template of decorative rammed earth wall, manufacturing method and connecting method of template and wall - Google Patents
Template of decorative rammed earth wall, manufacturing method and connecting method of template and wall Download PDFInfo
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- CN110593552A CN110593552A CN201910815285.7A CN201910815285A CN110593552A CN 110593552 A CN110593552 A CN 110593552A CN 201910815285 A CN201910815285 A CN 201910815285A CN 110593552 A CN110593552 A CN 110593552A
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- Prior art keywords
- keel
- template
- reinforcing
- transverse
- unit bodies
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G11/00—Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs
- E04G11/06—Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs for walls, e.g. curved end panels for wall shutterings; filler elements for wall shutterings; shutterings for vertical ducts
- E04G11/08—Forms, which are completely dismantled after setting of the concrete and re-built for next pouring
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G11/00—Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs
- E04G11/06—Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs for walls, e.g. curved end panels for wall shutterings; filler elements for wall shutterings; shutterings for vertical ducts
- E04G11/08—Forms, which are completely dismantled after setting of the concrete and re-built for next pouring
- E04G11/12—Forms, which are completely dismantled after setting of the concrete and re-built for next pouring of elements and beams which are mounted during erection of the shuttering to brace or couple the elements
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G17/00—Connecting or other auxiliary members for forms, falsework structures, or shutterings
- E04G17/04—Connecting or fastening means for metallic forming or stiffening elements, e.g. for connecting metallic elements to non-metallic elements
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G17/00—Connecting or other auxiliary members for forms, falsework structures, or shutterings
- E04G17/04—Connecting or fastening means for metallic forming or stiffening elements, e.g. for connecting metallic elements to non-metallic elements
- E04G17/042—Connecting or fastening means for metallic forming or stiffening elements, e.g. for connecting metallic elements to non-metallic elements being tensioned by threaded elements
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G17/00—Connecting or other auxiliary members for forms, falsework structures, or shutterings
- E04G17/06—Tying means; Spacers ; Devices for extracting or inserting wall ties
- E04G17/065—Tying means, the tensional elements of which are threaded to enable their fastening or tensioning
- E04G17/0651—One-piece elements
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of civil engineering building structures, in particular to a template of a decorative rammed earth wall, a manufacturing method and a connecting method of the template and a wall body. The template comprises a connecting back frame and at least two groups of template unit bodies, wherein each group of template unit bodies comprises a back plate, a keel frame and at least two reinforcing back frames; at least one connecting back firmware is respectively connected between every two adjacent groups of keel frames. The template greatly improves the strength of the template, reduces or even avoids the condition of mold expansion, and greatly improves the installation precision of the wall; compared with a traditional scaffold fixing structure, the formwork is more flexible to operate, the number of the formworks can be increased randomly according to the size of a wall body, and therefore operation simplicity during wall body installation and flexibility and applicability during wall body fixing are improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of civil engineering building structures, in particular to a template of a decorative rammed earth wall, a manufacturing method and a connecting method of the template and a wall body.
Background
The raw soil material building is the proofs and the treasures of the historical civilization of Chinese nationality, and is an important content left by ancestors to enrich the heritage. Rammed earth is a raw earth material for construction, and rammed earth walls are usually made by a construction process of 'taking earth on site'. Thus, the rammed earth wall body built by mixing the raw earth materials has the advantages of low cost, warm in winter and cool in summer, energy conservation, natural fusion and the like.
In the modern building industry, rammed earth buildings are a raw earth construction structure which is widely used, and rammed earth is used for engineering construction, so that the influence on the environment can be reduced to the greatest extent, and the rammed earth building has a good environment-friendly effect and a good decoration effect of beautifying the building environment.
However, as the rammed earth wall is too thick and heavy, the rammed earth wall is only widely used in rural areas at present, is difficult to be used in a large amount in urban environments, and is also difficult to be used only as a decorative structure indoors.
With the rapid development of urban construction, in order to more conveniently arrange rammed earth structures indoors, rammed earth walls are generally replaced by thin-walled rammed earth decorative walls. The existing rammed earth decorative wall usually needs a wooden template or a scaffold for fixing the wall body during installation. The wood template is limited by the strength of the template, so that the severe template expansion condition exists generally; the scaffold is usually complicated to set up, occupies a large area, is not flexible enough when being installed and used, and is not beneficial to the use of decorative walls.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
The embodiment of the invention provides a template of a decorative rammed earth wall, a manufacturing method and a connecting method of the template and a wall body, which are used for solving the defects that the rammed earth decorative wall body is difficult to install and the mould is easy to expand during installation in the prior art.
(II) technical scheme
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a template of a decorative rammed earth wall, which comprises a connecting back frame and at least two groups of template unit bodies, wherein each group of template unit bodies comprises a back plate, a keel frame and at least two reinforcing back frames, the back plate is fixed on a wall body to be reinforced, and the reinforcing back frames are respectively fixed on the keel frame in parallel and used for sequentially fixing the keel frame and the back plate on the wall body; at least one connecting back firmware is connected between every two adjacent groups of keel frames respectively.
In some embodiments, the keel frame comprises a plurality of mutually parallel transverse keels and two mutually parallel longitudinal keels, all the transverse keels and the longitudinal keels are respectively fixed on the back plate, and the two longitudinal keels are respectively connected to two ends of each transverse keel in an angle mode; the reinforcing back ribs are arranged between the two longitudinal keels in parallel, and each reinforcing back rib is respectively in corner joint with one surface, back to the back plate, of each transverse keel.
In some embodiments, the transverse keels or the longitudinal keels are respectively fixed on the back plate through first connecting mechanisms; the first connecting mechanism comprises a first nut block and a first bolt, the first nut block is fixed in the side face of the transverse keel or the side face of the longitudinal keel, and the first bolt penetrates through the back plate and is locked and fixed in the first nut block.
In some embodiments, the transverse keel and the longitudinal keel are connected by a first angle joint mechanism, and the first angle joint mechanism comprises:
the first angle joint component comprises a second threaded hole and a second bolt, and the second bolt penetrates through the side surface of the transverse keel and is locked and fixed in the end surface of the longitudinal keel; and/or
The second angle joint assembly comprises an angle joint fixing piece, a third bolt and a third nut, the angle joint fixing piece comprises two clamping surfaces which are connected in a right angle, a plurality of third bolts penetrate through each clamping surface respectively, and each third bolt is locked and fixed on the transverse keel or the longitudinal keel through the third nut.
In some embodiments, the reinforcing back-frame is connected with each transverse keel through a second corner joint mechanism; the second angle joint mechanism comprises a steering angle joint piece and a fourth bolt, the steering angle joint piece comprises two transfer surfaces which are connected at a right angle, and the two transfer surfaces are respectively locked and fixed in the reinforcing back toughness and in the transverse keel through the fourth bolt.
In some embodiments, the reinforcing back-toughening sequentially fixes the keel frame and the back plate on the wall through a reinforcing mechanism; the reinforcement mechanism includes:
the coupling nut is fixed in the wall body;
and the harness wire sequentially penetrates through the reinforcing back toughness and the back plate, one end of the harness wire is locked in the coupling nut, and the other end of the harness wire is locked and fixed with the reinforcing back toughness through a fifth nut so as to clamp and fix the transverse keel between the reinforcing back toughness and the back plate.
In some embodiments, the connection firmware includes:
the longitudinal connecting back ribs are respectively fixed on keel frames of two groups of the template unit bodies which are adjacent up and down; and/or
And the transverse connecting back ribs are respectively fixed on keel frames of the two adjacent template unit bodies at the left and the right.
In some embodiments, the connecting back firmware is fixed on the transverse keel through a second connecting mechanism, the second connecting mechanism includes a sixth bolt and a sixth nut block, the connecting back firmware includes at least two parallel keel unit bodies, the sixth nut block is fixed in the side surface of the transverse keel, and the sixth bolt sequentially penetrates through the two keel unit bodies in the radial direction and is locked in the sixth nut block.
In a second aspect, the present invention also provides a method for making a formwork for a decorative rammed earth wall as described above, said method comprising the steps of:
s1, respectively completing the assembly of each group of module unit bodies, wherein the S1 further comprises:
assembling the keel frame, and fixing the assembled keel frame on the back plate;
fixing at least two reinforcing back-toughening pieces on the keel frame in parallel to obtain the template unit body;
s2, splicing and connecting the template unit bodies, wherein the S2 further comprises:
and connecting keel frames of two adjacent groups of the template unit bodies through at least one connecting back.
In a third aspect, the invention also provides a wall reinforcing method based on the decorative rammed earth wall formwork, which comprises the following steps:
n1, completing the assembly of each group of module unit bodies respectively, wherein the N1 further comprises:
assembling the keel frame, and fixing the assembled keel frame on the back plate;
fixing at least two reinforcing back-toughening pieces on the keel frame in parallel to obtain the template unit body;
n2, sequentially fixing the template unit bodies on the surface of a wall respectively, wherein the N2 further comprises:
fixing the back plates of the n group of template unit bodies on a wall body through the reinforcing back firmware, and fixing the n +1 group of template unit bodies on the wall body on any side of the n group of template unit bodies;
and fixedly connecting the keel frames of the two adjacent groups of the template unit bodies by using at least one connecting back toughness.
(III) advantageous effects
The technical scheme of the invention has the following beneficial effects: the template of the decorative rammed earth wall comprises a connecting back frame and at least two groups of template unit bodies, wherein each group of template unit bodies comprises a back plate, a keel frame and at least two reinforcing back frames, the back plate is fixed on a wall body to be reinforced, and the reinforcing back frames are respectively fixed on the keel frame in parallel and used for sequentially fixing the keel frame and the back plate on the wall body; at least one connecting back firmware is respectively connected between every two adjacent groups of keel frames. The template utilizes a multiple fixing structure to reliably fix the keel frame and the back plate of each group of template unit bodies on the wall body and reliably reinforce the positions among the groups of template unit bodies, thereby greatly improving the strength of the template, reducing or even avoiding the condition of mold expansion and greatly improving the installation precision of the wall body; compared with a traditional scaffold fixing structure, the formwork is more flexible to operate, the number of the formworks can be increased randomly according to the size of a wall body, and therefore operation simplicity during wall body installation and flexibility and applicability during wall body fixing are improved. The template provided by the invention can be used for establishing a template reinforcing system for a thin-wall rammed earth decorative wall with the thickness of not more than 8cm, so that the template can be widely applied to indoor decoration of public buildings and civil buildings.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a form for a decorative rammed earth wall according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a template unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a first coupling mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a first corner joint assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a second corner joint assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a view illustrating an installation structure of a reinforcing back frame according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is an installation structure view of a form of a decorative rammed earth wall according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a partial block diagram of a reinforcement mechanism of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a partial block diagram of a reinforcement mechanism of an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a second connection mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Wherein, 1, a transverse keel; 2. a longitudinal keel; 3. reinforcing the back toughness; 4. the corner joint fixing piece; 5. a back plate; 6. a first nut block; 7. a first bolt; 8. a second bolt; 9. a third bolt; 10. a third nut; 11. a steering angle connector; 12. a fourth bolt; 13. a coupling nut; 14. harness threading; 15. semilunar mother; 16. a gasket; 17. a fifth nut;
100. a wall body; 200. a form for a decorative rammed earth wall; 210. a template unit body; 220. longitudinally connecting the back parts; 230. transversely connecting the back ribs; 231. a sixth bolt; 232. and a sixth nut block.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples. The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified; "notched" means, unless otherwise stated, a shape other than a flat cross-section. The terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", "front", "rear", "head", "tail", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are only for convenience in describing and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
The present embodiment provides a form panel 200200 (simply form panel 200) for a decorative rammed earth wall. The template 200 is simple in structure, high in reliability, convenient to assemble, install and use, capable of improving the reinforcing strength and precision of the wall body 100 and enhancing the flexibility, applicability and practicability of the template 200.
As shown in fig. 1, the form 200200 of the decorative rammed earth wall provided by the present embodiment includes a connecting back wall and at least two sets of form units 210. The sets of template unit bodies 210 are adjacent to each other, and the number of the template unit bodies 210 is adjusted according to the actual requirements of the walls 100 with various sizes, so that the reinforcement requirements of the walls 100 with different sizes can be met.
As shown in fig. 2, each set of the template unit bodies 210 includes a back plate 5, a keel frame, and at least two reinforcing back ribs 3. The back plate 5 is fixed on the wall 100 to be reinforced, and the reinforcing back ribs 3 are respectively fixed on the keel frame in parallel. The surface of the back plate 5 facing the wall 100 can be tightly attached to the surface of the wall 100, the surface of the back plate 5 facing away from the wall 100 is an installation surface of the keel frame, and the back plate 5 can provide a foundation supporting force between the whole set of template unit bodies 210 and the wall 100 and can be used as a leveling reference during installation of the keel frame, so that high installation accuracy of the keel frame is ensured.
In this embodiment, the reinforcing back-side firmware 3 is fixed on a surface of the keel frame opposite to the back plate 5, and is used for sequentially fixing the keel frame and the back plate 5 on the wall 100. On one hand, the keel frame is fastened on the back plate 5 by the reinforcing back toughness 3, so that the reinforcing back toughness 3 plays a role in reinforcing the whole template unit body 210, the structural strength of the keel frame is increased, and the reinforcing and locking effects on the connection strength between the keel frame and the back plate 5 are also increased; on the other hand, the reinforcing back toughness 3 also plays a role in locking and fixing the keel frame, the back plate 5 and the wall 100.
In this embodiment, each connecting back firmware is fixed to two adjacent sets of the template unit bodies 210, and preferably, at least one connecting back firmware is connected between two adjacent sets of the keel frames. The connecting back toughness plays a role in reinforcing the two adjacent groups of template unit bodies 210, so that the structural reliability of the assembled template 200 and the strength of the template 200 are improved, and the defect of mold expansion caused by insufficient strength of the template 200 in the prior art is overcome.
The form 200 is provided therein with a multi-fixing structure, which includes a reinforcing back 3 installed in each form unit 210 and a connecting back installed on two adjacent forms unit 210. The template 200 utilizes a multiple fixing structure to reliably fix the keel frames and the back plates 5 of the template unit bodies 210 on the wall body 100 and reliably reinforce the template unit bodies 210, so that the strength of the template 200 is greatly improved, the condition of mold expansion is reduced or even avoided, and the installation precision of the wall body 100 is greatly improved; compared with the traditional scaffold fixing structure, the formwork 200 is more flexible to operate, and the number of the formworks 200 can be increased arbitrarily according to the size of the wall 100, so that the operation simplicity during the installation of the wall 100 and the flexibility and applicability during the fixing of the wall 100 are improved. The form panel 200 of the present invention can establish a reinforcement system of the form panel 200 for a thin-walled rammed earth decorative wall of not more than 8cm, and thus it can be seen that the form panel 200 can be widely applied to interior decoration of public buildings and civil buildings.
As shown in fig. 2, the keel frame of the present embodiment comprises a plurality of mutually parallel transverse keels 1 and two mutually parallel longitudinal keels 2. All the transverse keels 1 and the longitudinal keels 2 are respectively fixed on the back plate 5, the two longitudinal keels 2 are respectively connected with the two ends of each transverse keel 1 in an angle mode, and a keel frame formed by the transverse keels 1 and the longitudinal keels 2 connected with the transverse keels and the longitudinal keels in an angle mode is of a rectangular truss structure. The reinforcing back ribs 3 are arranged between the two longitudinal keels 2 in parallel, and each reinforcing back rib 3 is respectively connected with one surface of each transverse keel 1, which faces away from the back plate 5, in a corner mode. In this embodiment, the reinforcing back ribs 3 are parallel to each other during installation, and all the reinforcing back ribs 3 are parallel to the two longitudinal keels 2, so as to ensure that the connection strength between the reinforcing back ribs 3 and the keels, between the back plate 5 and the wall 100 is sufficiently high.
It is understood that the keel frame may also be configured as a triangle or polygon, and the construction shape of the keel frame may be changed according to the strength requirement of the wall 100. In this embodiment, the structure of the template unit body 210 will be described in detail by taking a keel frame of a rectangular truss structure as an example.
In a preferred embodiment, the back plate 5 is made of a visa (english name: WISA-Form birch), the visa is a high-grade building template specially used for building concrete pouring, the plate is made of birch in northern european arctic zone, and both surfaces of the visa are coated with waterproof phenolic resin coating films. The visa board has high strength, light weight, weather and boiling resistance and wear resistance, can resist wind, sun and most chemical substances, resists boiling of boiling water and resists abrasion of the surface of the template unit body 210 by concrete. The concrete has the advantages of special gluing structure, excellent quality, various size selections, first-class pouring effect, excellent durability, easy operability and the like.
In a preferred embodiment, the transverse keels 1, the longitudinal keels 2, the reinforcing back-toughening members 3 and the connecting back-toughening members which form the framework of the keels are made of aluminum alloy steel structures of the BET-8-3606A-30 series. The transverse keel 1, the longitudinal keel 2, the reinforcing back toughness 3 and the connecting back toughness all have the same structure and comprise two keel unit bodies with parallel shafts, and the two keel unit bodies have the same structure. Each keel unit body comprises a hollow shaft rod and four reinforcing angles, one sides of the four reinforcing angles are connected to the outer side wall of the shaft rod through connecting plates respectively, and the other sides of the four reinforcing angles extend outwards relative to the shaft rod. The four outwardly extending reinforcement angle webs are angled equally such that the periphery of the shaft is surrounded by the four reinforcement angles to form a substantially rectangular cross-sectional outer shell. A groove body which is concave inwards towards the shaft lever direction is reserved between every two adjacent reinforcing corners, and connecting pieces such as nuts can be fixed in the groove body, so that the keels can be fixed conveniently. Two keel unit bodies which are parallel are abutted through the reinforcing angles on the two adjacent keel unit bodies, so that the stable structure of the keel is ensured.
It will be appreciated that the cross runners 1, longitudinal runners 2, reinforcing backing 3 and connecting backing are of the same construction but of different dimensions, depending on the structural requirements. The structure of the transverse keel 1 can be seen with reference to figure 3. When the keel is installed and fixed, the axis connecting line of the two keel unit bodies of the transverse keel 1 and the longitudinal keel 2 is perpendicular to the back plate 5, and the axis connecting line of the two keel unit bodies for reinforcing the back toughness 3 and connecting the back toughness is parallel to the back plate 5.
In a preferred embodiment, the transverse runners 1 or the longitudinal runners 2, respectively, are fixed to the back plate 5 by means of first connecting means. As shown in fig. 3, the first connecting mechanism includes a first nut block 6 and a first bolt 7, the first nut block 6 is fixed in the side surface of the transverse keel 1 or the side surface of the longitudinal keel 2, and the first bolt 7 passes through the back plate 5 and is locked and fixed in the first nut block 6.
Further, when the transverse keel 1 or the longitudinal keel 2 is fixed with the back plate 5, the axis connecting line of the two keel unit bodies is vertical to the back plate 5. Holes are formed in the back plate 5 according to the installation positions of the transverse keels 1 and the longitudinal keels 2. First nut piece 6 embedding is in the cell body of the fossil fragments cell cube of backplate 5 on horizontal fossil fragments 1 or vertical fossil fragments 2, and first bolt 7 is fixed in first nut after passing backplate 5 from backplate 5 towards the one side of wall body 100 to lock fixedly between backplate 5 and horizontal fossil fragments 1 or vertical fossil fragments 2. First bolt 7 is flat-bed machine bolt, first nut piece 6 and flat-bed machine bolt locking assembly to play the effect of fastening fossil fragments and backplate 5.
In a preferred embodiment, the transverse keels 1 are connected to the longitudinal keels 2 at an angle by first angle connection means. Specifically, the first corner joint mechanism comprises a first corner joint component and/or a second corner joint component. The first angle joint component comprises a second threaded hole and a second bolt 8, and the second bolt 8 penetrates through the side face of the transverse keel 1 and is locked and fixed in the end face of the longitudinal keel 2; the second angle joint component comprises an angle joint fixing piece 4, a third bolt 9 and a third nut 10, the angle joint fixing piece 4 comprises two clamping surfaces which are connected in a right angle, a plurality of third bolts 9 penetrate through each clamping surface respectively, and each third bolt 9 is locked and fixed on the transverse keel 1 or the longitudinal keel 2 through the third nut 10 respectively.
The first corner joint assembly is constructed as shown in fig. 4. The end surface of the longitudinal keel 2 is directly butted on the side surface of the transverse keel 1. And (3) respectively forming holes along the axial rod radial direction of the two keel unit bodies on the side surface of the end part of the transverse keel 1 so as to obtain two angle connecting holes. Two angle connecting holes on the side surface of the transverse keel 1 are respectively aligned with the shaft holes in the shaft levers of the two keel unit bodies of the longitudinal keel 2. The second bolt 8 passes through the two corner connecting holes and is locked in the two shaft holes. The first angle joint component plays a role in aligning and fixing the angle joint between the transverse keel 1 and the longitudinal keel 2.
The second corner joint assembly is constructed as shown in fig. 5, and is installed between the corner joint cross runners 1 and the longitudinal runners 2, thereby providing further reinforcement. In the second angle joint component, two clamping surfaces of the angle joint fixing piece 4 are respectively attached to the angle joint inner side surfaces of the transverse keel 1 and the longitudinal keel 2, holes are respectively formed in the two angle joint inner side surfaces of the transverse keel 1 and the longitudinal keel 2 along the radial direction of the shaft rod, a third bolt 9 penetrates through the holes in the clamping surfaces and the angle joint inner side surfaces, and a third nut 10 is locked on the exposed end of the third bolt 9, so that the angle joint fixing piece 4 is ensured to be reliably clamped between the two angle joint inner side surfaces of the transverse keel 1 and the longitudinal keel 2.
Further, in order to enhance the structural reliability of the corner fitting 4, it is preferable that the two engagement surfaces of the corner fitting 4 are connected by reinforcing rib plates perpendicular to the two engagement surfaces, respectively.
It can be understood that the angle joint fixing piece 4 with corresponding parameters is selected according to the size requirements of the transverse keel 1 and the longitudinal keel 2, and a plurality of pairs of third bolts 9 and third nuts 10 are simultaneously installed on two clamping surfaces so as to further strengthen the connection strength between the angle joint fixing piece 4 and the two keels.
In this embodiment, second bolt 8 and third bolt 9 all choose for use special cylinder head bolt can, the screw rod length of this cylinder head bolt is enough long to guarantee that the angle joint between horizontal fossil fragments 1 and the vertical fossil fragments 2 is reliable, flange nut is chooseed for use to third nut 10, so that cooperate T type cylinder head bolt.
In a preferred embodiment, in order to ensure a reliable fixation between the reinforcing back frame 3 and the respective cross keel 1, each reinforcing back frame 3 is connected to the respective cross keel 1 by a second corner joint mechanism. As the reinforcing back frame 3 is perpendicular to each of the transverse keels 1, as shown in fig. 6, a plurality of pairs of second corner connecting mechanisms are respectively fixed along two sides of the reinforcing back frame 3 in pairs, so as to ensure that the structural strength between each transverse keel 1 and the reinforcing back frame 3 is sufficiently high.
The second angle joint mechanism includes a steering angle joint 11 and a fourth bolt 12. The steering interface is similar in construction to the corner fastener 4. The steering angle connecting piece 11 comprises two transfer surfaces which are connected at a right angle, and the two transfer surfaces are respectively locked and fixed in the reinforcing back-toughening 3 and the transverse keel 1 through a fourth bolt 12. Specifically, when the plurality of transverse keels 1 are arranged in parallel, the reinforcing back-toughening 3 is simultaneously attached to the side surface of each transverse keel 1 in the vertical direction, the surface of the transverse keel 1 in contact with the reinforcing back-toughening 3 is taken as an installation surface, two mutually perpendicular corner joint surfaces are arranged between the side surface of the reinforcing back-toughening 3 and the installation surface of each transverse keel 1, two adapter surfaces of the steering corner joint 11 are respectively attached to the two corner joint surfaces between the reinforcing back-toughening 3 and the transverse keel 1, and the fourth bolt 12 penetrates through the corner joint surfaces and is locked in the reinforcing back-toughening 3 or the transverse keel 1 in the radial direction. The fourth bolt 12 is a flat machine bolt, a nut block can be embedded into a groove body on the corner joint surface of the reinforcing back toughness 3 and the transverse keel 1, and the flat machine bolt penetrates through the steering corner joint 11 and then is locked in the nut block.
As shown in fig. 7, when the formwork 200 of the present embodiment is fixed on the wall 100, the plurality of formwork unit bodies 210 are spliced and fixed on the wall 100 by using a multi-fixing structure composed of the reinforcing back-toughness 3 and the connecting back-toughness, so as to establish a more reliable formwork reinforcing system for the wall 100, improve the reinforcing strength, and reduce and eliminate the defect of formwork expansion. The following describes in detail an internal fixing structure of the form 200 and a fixing structure with the wall 100, taking the form 200 shown in fig. 7 as an example.
On the one hand, in order to improve the connection structural strength between the form panel 200 and the wall body 100, the fixing structural strength between the keel frame and the wall body 100 is further enhanced by reinforcing the back firmware 3 on the basis of fixing the keel frame and the wall body 100.
As shown in fig. 8 and 9, the reinforcing back frame 3 sequentially fixes the keel frame and the back plate 5 to the wall 100 through a reinforcing mechanism. The reinforcement means comprises a coupling nut 13 and a harness cord 14. The coupling nut 13 is fixed in the wall 100 by means of expansion bolts. The whole tooth harness 14 is arranged in the reinforcing back 3 and the back plate 5 in sequence. One end of the harness cord 14 is locked in the coupling nut 13, and the other end is locked and fixed with the reinforcing back frame 3 through a fifth nut 17, so that the transverse keel 1 is clamped and fixed between the reinforcing back frame 3 and the back plate 5.
In order to reinforce the locking strength between the harness cord 14 and the reinforcing back 3, a washer 16 and/or a meniscus 15 are/is further mounted on the harness cord 14 between the fifth nut 17 and the reinforcing back 3. The fifth nut 17 is a wing nut, so that the template unit body 210 can be flexibly assembled and disassembled on the basis of ensuring that the strength of the template 200 meets the requirement.
On the other hand, in order to improve the strength of the connection structure between the plurality of template unit bodies 210 inside the template 200, in the template 200 of the present embodiment, the connection back ribs of various structures are fixedly connected to two adjacent sets of keel frames. Specifically, the connecting back ribs include a longitudinal connecting back rib 220 and/or a transverse connecting back rib 230. Wherein, the longitudinal connecting back ribs 220 are respectively fixed on the keel frames of the two sets of template unit bodies 210 which are adjacent up and down; the transverse connecting back ribs 230 are respectively fixed on the keel frames of the two adjacent sets of the template unit bodies 210. Because the length of horizontal fossil fragments 1 is longer for the length of vertical fossil fragments 2, all connect the flexible rigid coupling of back on a plurality of horizontal fossil fragments 1 in two sets of adjacent fossil fragments frames to improve the splice intensity between two sets of adjacent horizontal fossil fragments 1.
In a preferred embodiment, the connecting back edge is fixed to the transverse keels 1 by means of second connecting means which ensure a reliable positioning and a reliable connection between the connecting back edge and the respective transverse keel 1. The second connecting mechanism includes a sixth bolt 231 and a sixth nut 232. The sixth nut 232 is fixed in the groove in the side of the transverse keel 1, and the sixth bolt 231 passes through the two keel units in sequence along the radial direction and is locked in the sixth nut 232, that is, as shown in fig. 10, the sixth bolt 231 passes through the connecting back edge along the direction of the axis line connecting the two keel units of the connecting back edge and is locked in the sixth nut 232 in the side of the transverse keel 1. Wherein, the sixth nut 232 block selects the spring nut block, and the sixth bolt 231 selects the special cylindrical head bolt.
It can be understood that, as shown in fig. 1 and 7, when two sets of template unit bodies 210 are vertically connected, the longitudinal connecting back ribs 220 are fixedly connected to the transverse keels 1 of the two sets of template unit bodies 210. Specifically, the upper part of the longitudinal connecting back rib 220 is fixedly connected with at least two transverse keels 1 in the template unit body 210 located above, the lower part of the longitudinal connecting back rib 220 is fixedly connected with at least two transverse keels 1 in the template unit body 210 located below, and the transverse keel 1 at the lowest part in the template unit body 210 located above is ensured to be tightly attached and fixed with the transverse keel 1 at the uppermost part in the template unit body 210 located below.
Similarly, when the two sets of template unit bodies 210 are transversely connected left and right, the plurality of transverse connecting back ribs 230 are fixedly connected with the plurality of transverse keels 1 in the two sets of template unit bodies 210. Specifically, the transverse keels 1 in the two sets of template unit bodies 210 which are transversely connected left and right are butt-jointed left and right, the left half part of the transverse connecting back-toughening 230 is fixedly connected with the right section of the transverse keel 1 in the template unit body 210 on the left, and the right half part of the transverse connecting back-toughening 230 is fixedly connected with the left section of the transverse keel 1 in the template unit body 210 on the right.
In the present embodiment, a method for manufacturing the decorative rammed earth wall formwork 200 is provided based on the structure of the decorative rammed earth wall formwork 200. The manufacturing method comprises the following steps:
s1, respectively completing the assembly of each set of module unit bodies 210, wherein S1 further comprises:
s11, assembling the keel frame, and fixing the assembled keel frame on the back plate 5;
and S12, fixing the at least two reinforcing back-toughening pieces 3 on the keel frame in parallel to obtain the template unit body 210.
S2, splicing and connecting the template unit bodies 210, wherein S2 further comprises:
and S21, connecting the keel frames of the two adjacent template unit bodies 210 through at least one connecting back.
The step S11 is an assembling step of the keel frame, further including:
s111, determining the mounting positions of all the transverse keels 1 and the longitudinal keels 2 on the back plate 5, and forming holes;
s112, fixing each transverse keel 1 and each longitudinal keel 2 with the back plate 5 through a first connecting mechanism respectively, wherein the installation steps of the first connecting mechanisms can refer to the content of the embodiment and are not described again;
s113, corner-connecting each transverse keel 1 and each longitudinal keel 2 by a first corner-connecting mechanism, and the steps of installing the first corner-connecting mechanism can refer to the above contents of this embodiment, which are not described herein again.
The step S12 is a step of reinforcing the keel frame, and further includes:
s121, fixedly connecting a reinforcing back-side toughness 3 to one side of each transverse keel 1 opposite to the back plate 5 through a second corner joint mechanism, and ensuring that each reinforcing back-side toughness 3 is perpendicular to each transverse keel 1, thereby obtaining the template unit 210, wherein the step of installing the second corner joint mechanism can refer to the above contents of this embodiment, and is not described herein again.
The step S21 is an assembling step of the template 200, and further includes:
s211, two ends of each connecting back-frame are respectively and fixedly connected to at least one transverse keel 1 of two adjacent sets of template unit bodies 210 through a second connecting mechanism, and the step of installing the second connecting mechanism can refer to the above contents of this embodiment, and is not described herein again.
In the present embodiment, a method for reinforcing the form panel 200 of the decorative rammed earth wall is also provided based on the structure of the form panel 200 of the decorative rammed earth wall described above. The reinforcing method comprises the following steps:
n1, completing the assembly of each set of module unit bodies, since the step N1 is the same as the step S1 in the above manufacturing method, the content of the step N1 will not be described again.
N2, fixing the template unit bodies 210 on the surface of the wall 100 in sequence, respectively, and N2 further comprises:
n21, fixing the back plate 5 of the nth module unit body 210 on the wall 100 through a reinforcing back-toughening element 3, and fixing the (N + 1) th module unit body 210 on the wall 100 on any side of the nth module unit body 210;
and N22, fixedly connecting the keel frames of the two adjacent groups of template unit bodies 210 by using at least one connecting back-toughening element.
Before the step N21, the method further includes:
and N20, setting the installation positions of the module unit bodies 210 on the wall 100, and drilling holes on the wall 100 according to the installation positions and driving expansion bolts respectively.
The step N21 is a step of installing the template unit body 210, and further includes:
and N211, respectively fixing the plurality of reinforcing back-toughening pieces 3 on each group of the template unit bodies 210 on the expansion bolts at the corresponding installation positions on the wall body 100 through a plurality of reinforcing mechanisms. The installation steps of the reinforcement mechanism can be referred to above, and are not described in detail here.
The step N22 is a connecting step of the template unit cells 210, and the step N22 is the same as the step S21, and is not repeated herein.
In summary, the template 200 of the decorative rammed earth wall of the present embodiment includes a connecting back frame and at least two sets of template unit bodies 210, each set of template unit body 210 includes a back plate 5, a keel frame and at least two reinforcing back frames 3, the back plate 5 is fixed on the wall 100 to be reinforced, and the reinforcing back frames 3 are respectively fixed on the keel frame in parallel for sequentially fixing the keel frame and the back plate 5 on the wall 100; at least one connecting back firmware is respectively connected between every two adjacent groups of keel frames. The template 200 utilizes a multiple fixing structure to reliably fix the keel frames and the back plates 5 of the template unit bodies 210 on the wall body 100 and reliably reinforce the template unit bodies 210, so that the template strength is greatly improved, the condition of mold expansion is reduced or even avoided, and the installation precision of the wall body 100 is greatly improved; compared with the conventional scaffold fixing structure, the formwork 200 is more flexible to operate, and the number of the formwork unit bodies 210 can be increased arbitrarily according to the size of the wall 100, so that the operation simplicity during the installation of the wall 100 and the flexibility and applicability during the fixing of the wall 100 are improved. The form panel 200 of the present invention can establish a form panel reinforcement system for a thin-walled rammed earth decorative wall of not more than 8cm, and thus it can be seen that the form panel 200 can be largely applied to interior decoration of public buildings and civil buildings.
The embodiments of the present invention have been presented for purposes of illustration and description, and are not intended to be exhaustive or limited to the invention in the form disclosed. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art. The embodiment was chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the invention and the practical application, and to enable others of ordinary skill in the art to understand the invention for various embodiments with various modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated.
Claims (10)
1. The template of the decorative rammed earth wall is characterized by comprising a connecting back frame and at least two groups of template unit bodies, wherein each group of template unit bodies comprises a back plate, a keel frame and at least two reinforcing back frames, the back plate is fixed on a wall body to be reinforced, and the reinforcing back frames are respectively fixed on the keel frame in parallel and used for sequentially fixing the keel frame and the back plate on the wall body; at least one connecting back firmware is connected between every two adjacent groups of keel frames respectively.
2. The form for a decorative rammed earth wall according to claim 1, wherein said keel frame comprises a plurality of mutually parallel transverse keels and two mutually parallel longitudinal keels, all of said transverse keels and longitudinal keels being respectively fixed to said back plate, and two of said longitudinal keels being respectively angle-connected at both ends of each of said transverse keels; the reinforcing back ribs are arranged between the two longitudinal keels in parallel, and each reinforcing back rib is respectively in corner joint with one surface, back to the back plate, of each transverse keel.
3. The form for a decorative rammed earth wall according to claim 2, wherein said transverse keel or said longitudinal keel is fixed to said back plate by a first connecting mechanism, respectively; the first connecting mechanism comprises a first nut block and a first bolt, the first nut block is fixed in the side face of the transverse keel or the side face of the longitudinal keel, and the first bolt penetrates through the back plate and is locked and fixed in the first nut block.
4. The form for a decorative rammed earth wall according to claim 2, wherein said transverse keel and said longitudinal keel are angle-jointed by a first angle-jointing mechanism, said first angle-jointing mechanism comprising:
the first angle joint component comprises a second threaded hole and a second bolt, and the second bolt penetrates through the side surface of the transverse keel and is locked and fixed in the end surface of the longitudinal keel; and/or
The second angle joint assembly comprises an angle joint fixing piece, a third bolt and a third nut, the angle joint fixing piece comprises two clamping surfaces which are connected in a right angle, a plurality of third bolts penetrate through each clamping surface respectively, and each third bolt is locked and fixed on the transverse keel or the longitudinal keel through the third nut.
5. The form for a decorative rammed earth wall according to claim 2, wherein said reinforcing back-frame is connected to each of said transverse keels by a second corner joint mechanism; the second angle joint mechanism comprises a steering angle joint piece and a fourth bolt, the steering angle joint piece comprises two transfer surfaces which are connected at a right angle, and the two transfer surfaces are respectively locked and fixed in the reinforcing back toughness and in the transverse keel through the fourth bolt.
6. The form for a decorative rammed earth wall according to claim 2, wherein said reinforcing backing sequentially secures said keel frame and backing plate to the wall by a reinforcing mechanism; the reinforcement mechanism includes:
the coupling nut is fixed in the wall body;
and the harness wire sequentially penetrates through the reinforcing back toughness and the back plate, one end of the harness wire is locked in the coupling nut, and the other end of the harness wire is locked and fixed with the reinforcing back toughness through a fifth nut so as to clamp and fix the transverse keel between the reinforcing back toughness and the back plate.
7. The form for a decorative rammed earth wall according to any one of claims 2 to 6, wherein said joining back-toughening comprises:
the longitudinal connecting back ribs are respectively fixed on keel frames of two groups of the template unit bodies which are adjacent up and down; and/or
And the transverse connecting back ribs are respectively fixed on keel frames of the two adjacent template unit bodies at the left and the right.
8. The form for a decorative rammed earth wall according to claim 7, wherein said connecting back is fixed to said transverse keel by a second connecting means comprising a sixth bolt and a sixth nut block, said connecting back comprising at least two juxtaposed keel units, said sixth nut block being fixed in the lateral surface of said transverse keel, said sixth bolt passing through both said keel units in radial sequence and being locked in said sixth nut block.
9. A method of making a form for a decorative rammed earth wall according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:
s1, respectively completing the assembly of each group of module unit bodies, wherein the S1 further comprises:
assembling the keel frame, and fixing the assembled keel frame on the back plate;
fixing at least two reinforcing back-toughening pieces on the keel frame in parallel to obtain the template unit body;
s2, splicing and connecting the template unit bodies, wherein the S2 further comprises:
and connecting keel frames of two adjacent groups of the template unit bodies through at least one connecting back.
10. A method for joining a formwork to a wall based on a decorative rammed earth wall according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:
n1, completing the assembly of each group of module unit bodies respectively, wherein the N1 further comprises:
assembling the keel frame, and fixing the assembled keel frame on the back plate;
fixing at least two reinforcing back-toughening pieces on the keel frame in parallel to obtain the template unit body;
n2, sequentially fixing the template unit bodies on the surface of a wall respectively, wherein the N2 further comprises:
fixing the back plates of the n group of template unit bodies on a wall body through the reinforcing back firmware, and fixing the n +1 group of template unit bodies on the wall body on any side of the n group of template unit bodies;
and fixedly connecting the keel frames of the two adjacent groups of the template unit bodies by using at least one connecting back toughness.
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| CN201910815285.7A CN110593552B (en) | 2019-08-30 | 2019-08-30 | Template of decorative rammed earth wall, manufacturing method and connecting method of template and wall |
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| CN201910815285.7A CN110593552B (en) | 2019-08-30 | 2019-08-30 | Template of decorative rammed earth wall, manufacturing method and connecting method of template and wall |
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