CN110591722B - Preparation method of high-water-absorptivity composite resin with functions of preventing soil epidermis from shrinking and reducing water evaporation - Google Patents
Preparation method of high-water-absorptivity composite resin with functions of preventing soil epidermis from shrinking and reducing water evaporation Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of a high-water-absorptivity composite resin with functions of preventing soil epidermis from shrinking and reducing water evaporation, which takes cellulose, acrylic acid, acrylamide derivatives and inorganic minerals as raw materials, persulfate as an initiator and N, N-methylene-bisacrylamide as a cross-linking agent, prepares an organic-inorganic composite high-water-absorptivity resin through free radical graft polymerization, and then adds straw powder, the organic-inorganic composite high-water-absorptivity resin and distilled water into clay and/or loess and uniformly stirs the mixture to obtain a soil-based high-water-absorptivity resin composite material. The super absorbent composite resin prepared by the invention can reduce the shrinkage of the soil epidermis, has better performance of reducing water evaporation, can effectively reduce water loss, improves the ecological function of the soil, provides good water and soil conditions for the growth of plants and promotes the growth of vegetation or crops.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a high water-absorbent resin, in particular to a preparation method of a high water-absorbent resin with functions of preventing soil epidermis from shrinking and reducing water evaporation, belonging to the technical field of composite materials and the technical field of water and soil conservation.
Background
With the development of industrialization, the consumption of mineral resources such as petroleum, coal and the like aggravates environmental pollution, and causes environmental quality reduction or ecological imbalance. In the face of increasingly serious environmental problems, for the ecological civilization construction of China, water and soil are kept to show the important status. The water-retaining material plays an important role in the projects of retaining soil moisture, preventing water loss and soil erosion and preventing land desertification. At present, the water retention materials mainly comprise super absorbent resin and mulching films. The mulching film is high in use price, difficult to degrade and easy to cause environmental pollution, and is limited to be used in windy desert areas. The super absorbent resin is a functional polymer material with strong hydrophilic groups and a three-dimensional network structure, and has excellent water absorption performance and good water retention performance. Therefore, the application of the super absorbent resin as a water retention material has attracted great attention of researchers.
Soil moisture evaporation refers to the process by which moisture in the soil is converted from a liquid to a gas into the atmosphere. It is related to external meteorological conditions such as temperature, humidity, wind speed and rainfall. Excessive or insufficient soil moisture has certain effects on both plants and microorganisms. The irregular three-dimensional network structure of the super absorbent resin ensures that the super absorbent resin has stronger water absorption capacity and can repeatedly absorb hundreds of times and even thousands of times of water of the self weight. The water-absorbing material swells into hydrogel after absorbing water, slowly releases water for crops to absorb and utilize, and is an excellent drought-resistant water-saving material. In northwest areas, it is of great significance to improve the utilization efficiency of soil moisture. If the evaporation loss of soil moisture can be inhibited, especially in arid areas, the method has important significance for inhibiting evaporation, prolonging the time of moisture in soil and improving the water utilization efficiency. The high water absorption resin is an important means for achieving the purpose.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a high water-absorbing resin composite material with functions of preventing soil epidermis from shrinking and reducing water evaporation and a preparation method thereof.
Preparation of high water absorption composite resin
(1) Preparation of organic-inorganic composite super absorbent resin: under the protection of nitrogen, stirring and dispersing cellulose in distilled water, adding an inorganic mineral, stirring uniformly, heating to 60-80 ℃, keeping for 30-60 min, cooling to 45-55 ℃, adding a persulfate aqueous solution, stirring for 5-20 min, adding a mixed solution of acrylic acid, an acrylamide derivative and N, N-methylene-bisacrylamide, heating to 60-80 ℃, and reacting at constant temperature for 2-5 h; and (3) drying the product obtained after the reaction is finished at 50-80 ℃ to constant weight, crushing, and sieving with a 40-80 mesh sieve to obtain the organic-inorganic composite super absorbent resin.
The neutralization degree of the acrylic acid is 55-95%.
The cellulose is one of sodium carboxymethylcellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose, methyl cellulose, ethyl cellulose and hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose sodium. The cellulose is used as a polymerization monomer, and has the advantages of wide source, low toxicity, low cost, biodegradability, biocompatibility and the like. The dosage of the cellulose is 5-15 wt% of the mass of the acrylic acid.
The inorganic mineral is one of montmorillonite, kaolin, laterite, loess and attapulgite. The introduction of inorganic minerals can not only reduce the production cost, but also improve the expansion capacity, thermal stability and gel strength of the gel. The amount of the inorganic mineral is 1-12 wt% of the mass of the acrylic acid.
The initiator persulfate is ammonium persulfate or potassium persulfate, and the use amount of the persulfate is 0.4-1.0 wt% of the mass of the acrylic acid.
The acrylamide derivative is one of diacetone acrylamide, 2-acrylamide-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid, N-isopropylacrylamide, N-hydroxymethyl acrylamide and N-hydroxyethyl acrylamide. The introduction of the acrylamide derivative can improve the salt resistance of the super absorbent resin. The dosage of the acrylamide derivative is 12-30 wt% of the mass of the acrylic acid.
The dosage of the cross-linking agent N, N-methylene bisacrylamide is 0.05-0.15 wt% of the mass of the acrylic acid.
(2) Preparation of the high water absorption composite resin: adding straw powder into clay or/and loess, mixing the organic-inorganic composite super absorbent resin with distilled water, and stirring to obtain the final product, i.e. super absorbent composite resin with functions of preventing soil surface from shrinking and reducing water evaporation.
The clay is laterite, attapulgite, montmorillonite or kaolin. When the clay and the loess are mixed, the mass ratio of the clay to the loess is 1: 0.2-1: 5. And removing impurities from the clay and the loess, drying, and crushing to 100-200 meshes. The clay and the loess are used as raw materials, so that the production cost of the soil-based material can be well reduced; in addition, the clay or loess can provide necessary nutrients for the psammophytes to grow rapidly.
The straw powder is prepared by crushing wheat straws, corn straws and cotton straws into powder of 40-80 meshes. The adding amount of the straw powder is 3-12 wt% of the mass of the clay or/and the loess; the adding amount of the organic-inorganic composite super absorbent resin is 0.01-0.5 wt% of the mass of the clay or/and the loess; the adding amount of the distilled water is 60-80 wt% of the mass of the clay or/and the loess.
Secondly, the structure and the performance of the super absorbent resin
The structure and properties of the super absorbent resin of the present invention will be analyzed and explained below by taking cellulose-graft-poly (acrylic acid-co-2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid)/inorganic mineral as an example.
FIG. 1 shows the IR spectra of cellulose (a), 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid (b), cellulose-graft-poly (acrylic acid-co-2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid) (c), cellulose-graft-poly (acrylic acid-co-2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid)/inorganic mineral (d), respectively. It can be seen that 1128 cm in the infrared spectrum of cellulose-1And 1031 cm-1The absorption peak is attributed to C-OH bond stretching vibration, and basically disappears after the polymerization reaction, which indicates that the C-OH of the cellulose participates in the chemical reaction. 1663 cm in the infrared spectrogram of 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid-1Is a stretching vibration peak of C = O in amide group, 1083 cm-1The absorption peaks are symmetrical stretching vibration peaks of sulfonic acid groups, and the intensities of the absorption peaks in the infrared spectrums of cellulose-graft-poly (acrylic acid-copolymerization-2-acrylamide-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid) and cellulose-graft-poly (acrylic acid-copolymerization-2-acrylamide-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid)/inorganic minerals are weakened; 632 cm-1The stretching vibration absorption peak at the sulfonic acid group O = S is shifted in position after polymerization,this indicates that the cellulose was successfully grafted with 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid. In FIG. 1c and FIG. d, 1456 cm can be observed respectively-1And 1411 cm-1The asymmetric stretching vibration peak at-COO-, indicating that the polyacrylic acid chains have been grafted onto the cellulose backbone. 3433 cm in d-curve-1The absorption peak at O-H and 3435 cm in the c curve-1Increased intensity compared to the absorption peak; in the d curve, 465 cm was found-1The bending vibration peak of Si-O-Si of the inorganic mineral indicates that the inorganic mineral participates in graft copolymerization.
Fig. 2 is a scanning electron microscope image of cellulose (a), cellulose-graft-poly (acrylic acid-co-N-isopropylacrylamide) (b), cellulose-graft-poly (acrylic acid-co-N-isopropylacrylamide)/inorganic mineral (c), respectively. As shown in fig. 2, the cellulose exhibits a smooth, flat and dense surface topography; the surface of cellulose-graft-poly (acrylic acid-co-N-isopropylacrylamide) was relatively rough and some holes were present; the super absorbent resin prepared after the inorganic mineral is introduced has rough surface, more holes and even distribution. These results indicate that the inorganic mineral participates in the polymerization reaction, and the pore structure facilitates the entry of water molecules into the three-dimensional structure of the resin, improving the water absorption.
Third, the property of the super absorbent composite resin for preventing the contraction of the soil epidermis and reducing the water evaporation
A plastic box with the same specification (20.5 multiplied by 13.2 multiplied by 6.5 cm) is taken, a layer of soil is firstly paved on the bottom of the box, the same amount of tap water is added, and then the same amount of soil-based super absorbent resin composite material samples (viscous turbid liquid) are respectively paved on the upper layer of the soil. Weighing the mass of the sample by using an electronic balance every 2-4 hours under a natural condition, recording data and calculating the evaporation rate; after the material was completely dried, the length and width of the material were measured and the shrinkage was calculated.
Fig. 3 is a graph showing the effect of the contents of methylcellulose-graft-poly (acrylic acid-co-diacetone acrylamide)/attapulgite and super absorbent resin on the water evaporation rate of soil, wherein a is an overall graph and b is a partially enlarged graph. When the time of table 1 is 60.5h, the evaporation rate of the composite materials prepared by adding different contents of methylcellulose-graft-poly (acrylic acid-co-diacetone acrylamide)/attapulgite super absorbent resin is reduced. As can be seen from fig. 3 and table 1, the evaporation rate decrease value of the soil-based super absorbent resin composite material increases at a super absorbent resin content of 0.010% to 0.36% as compared with the case where the super absorbent resin is not added; as the amount of superabsorbent continues to increase, the evaporation rate decrease decreases. When the composite material is placed for 60.5 hours under natural conditions, the evaporation rate reduction value is the largest, and the evaporation rate of the composite material with the super absorbent resin content of 0.29-0.36% is reduced by 9.49%. This is probably because, as the content of the super absorbent resin increases, the effect of the voids around the hydrogel on the evaporation of water from the soil is greater than the water retention effect of the hydrogel, and therefore, the evaporation rate of the material decreases when the content of the super absorbent resin is higher than 0.36%. In addition, this is consistent with the shrinkage of the soil as a function of superabsorbent resin content in Table 4, which provides voids for moisture to transfer from a liquid to a gas for faster transport to the atmosphere, thereby increasing the rate of moisture evaporation.
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the effect of the content of hydroxyethyl cellulose-graft-poly (acrylic acid-co-N-methylolacrylamide)/montmorillonite super absorbent resin on the soil moisture evaporation rate, wherein a is a whole graph and b is a partially enlarged graph. When the time is shown in Table 2, the evaporation rate of the composite materials prepared by adding hydroxyethyl cellulose-graft-poly (acrylic acid-copolymerization-N-hydroxymethyl acrylamide)/montmorillonite super absorbent resin with different contents is reduced. As can be seen from fig. 4 and table 2, the evaporation rate decrease value of the soil-based super absorbent resin composite material increases at a super absorbent resin content of 0.010% to 0.40%; as the superabsorbent resin content continues to increase to 0.50%, the evaporation rate decrease decreases. When the composite material is placed for 58 hours under natural conditions, the evaporation rate reduction value is the largest, and the evaporation rate of the composite material with the super absorbent resin content of 0.30-0.40% is reduced by 7.13%. This is probably because, as the content of the super absorbent resin increases, the effect of the voids around the hydrogel on the evaporation of water from the soil is greater than the water retention effect of the hydrogel, and therefore, the evaporation rate of the material decreases when the content of the super absorbent resin is higher than 0.40%. In addition, this is consistent with the shrinkage of the soil as a function of superabsorbent resin content in Table 5, which provides voids for moisture to transfer from a liquid to a gas for faster transport to the atmosphere, thereby increasing the rate of moisture evaporation.
Fig. 5 is a graph showing the effect of the content of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose-graft-poly (acrylic acid-co-N-isopropylacrylamide)/kaolin superabsorbent resin on the soil moisture evaporation rate, in which graph a is an overall graph and graph b is a partially enlarged graph. Table 3 shows the reduction in evaporation rate for composites prepared with different amounts of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose-graft-poly (acrylic acid-co-N-isopropylacrylamide)/kaolin superabsorbent resin at 63.5 h. As can be seen from fig. 5 and table 3, the evaporation rate decrease value of the soil-based super absorbent resin composite material is in an increasing trend at a super absorbent resin content of 0.010% to 0.29%; as the superabsorbent resin content continues to increase to 0.50%, the evaporation rate decrease decreases. When the composite material is placed for 63.5 hours under natural conditions, the evaporation rate reduction value is maximum, and the evaporation rate of the composite material with the super absorbent resin content of 0.22-0.29% is reduced by 6.14%. This is probably because, as the content of the super absorbent resin increases, the effect of soil water evaporation due to voids around the hydrogel is greater than the water retention effect of the hydrogel, and therefore, the evaporation rate of the material decreases when the content of the super absorbent resin is 0.29% to 0.50%. In addition, this is consistent with the shrinkage of the soil as a function of superabsorbent resin content in Table 6, which provides voids for moisture to transfer from a liquid to a gas and then more quickly to the atmosphere, thus increasing the rate of moisture evaporation.
In conclusion, the super absorbent composite resin prepared by the invention can reduce the shrinkage of the soil epidermis, has better performance of reducing water evaporation, can effectively reduce water loss, improves the ecological function of soil, provides good water and soil conditions for the growth of plants, and promotes the growth of vegetation or crops. The use of soil in arid areas not only can reduce the evaporation rate of the soil and improve the soil moisture content, but also can effectively prevent the soil from chapping and shrinking and reduce the water and soil loss, thereby being beneficial to the growth of vegetation or crops.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an infrared spectrum of a super absorbent resin prepared by the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a scanning electron micrograph of cellulose and a prepared super absorbent resin.
FIG. 3 shows the effect of the content of methylcellulose-graft-poly (acrylic acid-co-diacetone acrylamide)/attapulgite high water-absorbent resin on the water evaporation rate of soil.
FIG. 4 shows the effect of the content of hydroxyethyl cellulose-graft-poly (acrylic acid-co-N-hydroxymethyl acrylamide)/montmorillonite super absorbent resin on the water evaporation rate of soil.
FIG. 5 is a graph showing the effect of the content of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose-graft-poly (acrylic acid-co-N-isopropylacrylamide)/kaolin superabsorbent resin on the soil moisture evaporation rate.
Detailed Description
The preparation and application of the soil-based super absorbent resin composite of the present invention will be further described with reference to the following specific examples.
Example 1 preparation of a methylcellulose-graft-poly (acrylic acid-co-diacetone acrylamide)/attapulgite superabsorbent resin composite
(1) 30 mL of distilled water and 0.576 g of methyl cellulose were put in a four-necked flask equipped with a mechanical stirrer, and stirred uniformly to obtain a dispersion. Under continuous stirring, 0.72 g of attapulgite was added and the solution was heated to 60 ℃ and held for 60 min. The reaction was cooled to 50 ℃, 0.0432 g of potassium persulfate (dissolved in 4 mL of water) was added, and after stirring for 10 min, a mixed solution containing 7.2 g of acrylic acid (degree of neutralization 60%), 1.08 g of diacetone acrylamide and 0.0072 g N, N-methylene bisacrylamide was dropped into the above system, followed by slowly raising the temperature to 80 ℃ and reacting at a constant temperature for 3 h. The nitrogen gas is used for protection in the whole experimental process. After the reaction is finished, drying the obtained product at 70 ℃ to constant weight, crushing, and sieving by a 40-mesh sieve to obtain the super absorbent resin;
(2) removing impurities from attapulgite, drying, and crushing to 100-200 meshes;
(3) taking a certain amount of treated attapulgite, adding straw powder accounting for 3-8 wt% of the weight of the attapulgite, super absorbent resin accounting for 0.01-0.5 wt% of the weight of the attapulgite and distilled water accounting for 60-80 wt% of the weight of the attapulgite, and stirring for 30-60 min at a stirring speed of 200-300 r/min to obtain a super absorbent resin composite material (viscous turbid liquid);
(4) and (3) taking the high water absorption resin composite material sample (viscous turbid liquid), uniformly spreading the sample on the upper layer of the soil, and pressing to form a soil-based water retention layer. Weighing the mass of the mixture under a natural condition and calculating the evaporation rate; after the material was completely dried, the length and width of the material were measured and the shrinkage was calculated. Table 4 shows the soil skin shrinkage of composites prepared with different amounts of methylcellulose-graft-poly (acrylic acid-co-diacetone acrylamide)/attapulgite super absorbent resin.
Example 2 preparation of hydroxyethyl cellulose-graft-poly (acrylic acid-co-N-hydroxymethyl acrylamide)/montmorillonite super absorbent resin composite
(1) 40 mL of distilled water and 0.864 g of hydroxyethyl cellulose were put into a four-necked flask equipped with a mechanical stirrer, and stirred uniformly to obtain a dispersion. With continuous stirring, 0.144 g of montmorillonite was added and the solution was heated to 80 ℃ and held for 30 min. The reaction mass is cooled to 50 ℃, 0.072 g potassium persulfate (dissolved in 7 mL water) is added, after stirring for 10 min, the mixed solution containing 7.2 g acrylic acid (neutralization degree is 80%), 1.44 g N-hydroxymethyl acrylamide and 0.0108 g N, N-methylene bisacrylamide is dripped into the system, and then the temperature is slowly raised to 60 ℃ for reaction for 5h at constant temperature. The nitrogen gas is used for protection in the whole experimental process. After the reaction is finished, drying the obtained product at 80 ℃ to constant weight, crushing, and sieving by a 40-mesh sieve to obtain the super absorbent resin;
(2) removing impurities from montmorillonite, drying, and crushing to 100-200 meshes;
(3) taking a certain amount of treated montmorillonite, adding straw powder accounting for 3-8 wt% of the weight of the montmorillonite, super absorbent resin accounting for 0.01-0.5 wt% of the weight of the montmorillonite and distilled water accounting for 60-80 wt% of the weight of the montmorillonite, and stirring for 30-60 min at a stirring speed of 200-300 r/min to obtain a soil-based super absorbent resin composite material (viscous turbid liquid);
(4) a sample (viscous turbid liquid) of the super absorbent resin composite material is taken and evenly spread on the upper layer of the soil, and is pressed to form a soil-based water retention layer. Weighing the mass of the mixture under a natural condition and calculating the evaporation rate; after the material was completely dried, the length and width of the material were measured and the shrinkage was calculated. Table 5 shows the soil skin shrinkage of composites prepared with different amounts of hydroxyethyl cellulose-graft-poly (acrylic acid-co-N-methylolacrylamide)/montmorillonite superabsorbent.
Example 3 preparation of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose-graft-poly (acrylic acid-co-N-isopropylacrylamide)/Kaolin super absorbent composite resin
(1) 35 mL of distilled water and 0.72 g of hydroxypropylmethylcellulose were charged into a four-necked flask equipped with a mechanical stirrer, and stirred uniformly to obtain a dispersion. With continuous stirring, 0.576 g of kaolin was added and the solution was heated to 80 ℃ and held for 30 min. The reaction mass was cooled to 50 ℃, 0.0576 g of potassium persulfate (dissolved in 6 mL of water) was added, and after stirring for 10 min, a mixed solution containing 7.2 g of acrylic acid (degree of neutralization 70%), 1.8 g N-isopropylacrylamide and 0.0087 g N, N-methylenebisacrylamide was dropped into the above system, followed by slowly raising the temperature to 60 ℃ and reacting at a constant temperature for 5 h. The nitrogen gas is used for protection in the whole experimental process. After the reaction is finished, drying the obtained product at 60 ℃ to constant weight, crushing, and sieving by a 40-mesh sieve to obtain the super absorbent resin;
(2) removing impurities from kaolin, drying, and crushing to 100-200 meshes;
(3) taking a certain amount of treated kaolin, adding straw powder accounting for 3-8 wt% of the treated kaolin, super absorbent resin accounting for 0.01-0.5 wt% of the treated kaolin and distilled water accounting for 60-80 wt% of the treated kaolin, and stirring for 30-60 min at a stirring speed of 200-300 r/min to obtain super absorbent composite resin (viscous turbid liquid);
(4) and (3) taking the high water absorption composite resin sample (viscous turbid liquid), uniformly spreading the high water absorption composite resin sample on the upper layer of soil, and pressing to form a soil-based water retention layer. Weighing the mass of the mixture under a natural condition and calculating the evaporation rate; after the material was completely dried, the length and width of the material were measured and the shrinkage was calculated. Table 6 shows the soil skin shrinkage of composites prepared with different amounts of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose-graft-poly (acrylic acid-co-N-isopropylacrylamide)/kaolin superabsorbent resin.
Claims (10)
1. A preparation method of a high water absorption composite resin with the functions of preventing the contraction of soil epidermis and reducing the evaporation of water comprises the following steps:
(1) preparation of organic-inorganic composite super absorbent resin: under the protection of nitrogen, stirring and dispersing cellulose in distilled water, adding an inorganic mineral, stirring uniformly, heating to 60-80 ℃, keeping for 30-60 min, cooling to 45-55 ℃, adding a persulfate aqueous solution, stirring for 5-20 min, adding a mixed solution of acrylic acid, an acrylamide derivative and a cross-linking agent N, N-methylene bisacrylamide, heating to 60-80 ℃, and reacting at constant temperature for 2-5 h; drying the product obtained after the reaction at 50-80 ℃ to constant weight, crushing, and sieving with a 40-80 mesh sieve to obtain the organic-inorganic composite super absorbent resin; the acrylamide derivative is one of diacetone acrylamide, 2-acrylamide-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid, N-isopropylacrylamide, N-hydroxymethyl acrylamide and N-hydroxyethyl acrylamide;
(2) preparation of the high water absorption composite resin: adding straw powder into clay or/and loess, mixing the organic-inorganic composite super absorbent resin prepared in the step (1) with distilled water, and stirring uniformly to obtain the target product, namely the super absorbent composite resin with the functions of preventing soil epidermis from shrinking and reducing water evaporation.
2. The method for preparing a super absorbent composite resin having the function of preventing the shrinkage of the soil surface and reducing the evaporation of water according to claim 1, wherein: in the step (1), the neutralization degree of acrylic acid is 55-95%.
3. The method for preparing a super absorbent composite resin having the function of preventing the shrinkage of the soil surface and reducing the evaporation of water according to claim 1, wherein: in the step (1), the cellulose is one of sodium carboxymethylcellulose, sodium hydroxymethylcellulose, hydroxyethylcellulose, hydroxypropylcellulose, methylcellulose, ethylcellulose and sodium hydroxypropylmethylcellulose; the dosage of the cellulose is 5-15 wt% of the mass of the acrylic acid.
4. The method for preparing a super absorbent composite resin having the function of preventing the shrinkage of the soil surface and reducing the evaporation of water according to claim 1, wherein: in the step (1), the inorganic mineral is one of montmorillonite, kaolin, laterite, loess and attapulgite; the amount of the inorganic mineral is 1-12 wt% of the mass of the acrylic acid.
5. The method for preparing a super absorbent composite resin having the function of preventing the shrinkage of the soil surface and reducing the evaporation of water according to claim 1, wherein: in the step (1), the persulfate is ammonium persulfate or potassium persulfate, and the use amount of the persulfate is 0.4-1.0 wt% of the mass of the acrylic acid.
6. The method for preparing a super absorbent composite resin having the function of preventing the shrinkage of the soil surface and reducing the evaporation of water according to claim 1, wherein: in the step (1), the dosage of the acrylamide derivative is 12-30 wt% of the mass of acrylic acid.
7. The method for preparing a super absorbent composite resin having the function of preventing the shrinkage of the soil surface and reducing the evaporation of water according to claim 1, wherein: in the step (1), the dosage of the cross-linking agent N, N-methylene bisacrylamide is 0.05-0.15 wt% of the mass of the acrylic acid.
8. The method for preparing a super absorbent composite resin having the function of preventing the shrinkage of the soil surface and reducing the evaporation of water according to claim 1, wherein: in the step (2), the clay is laterite, attapulgite, montmorillonite and kaolin; when the clay and the loess are mixed, the mass ratio of the clay to the loess is 1: 0.2-1: 5.
9. The method for preparing a super absorbent composite resin having the function of preventing the shrinkage of the soil surface and reducing the evaporation of water according to claim 1, wherein: in the step (2), the straw powder is obtained by crushing wheat straws, corn straws and cotton straws into powder of 40-80 meshes; the adding amount of the straw powder is 3-12 wt% of the mass of the clay or/and the loess.
10. The method for preparing a super absorbent composite resin having the function of preventing the shrinkage of the soil surface and reducing the evaporation of water according to claim 1, wherein: in the step (2), the adding amount of the organic-inorganic composite super absorbent resin is 0.01-0.5 wt% of the mass of the clay or/and the loess; the adding amount of the distilled water is 60-80 wt% of the mass of the clay or/and the loess.
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