CN110591252A - Antistatic PVC (polyvinyl chloride) plate material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Antistatic PVC (polyvinyl chloride) plate material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110591252A CN110591252A CN201910911764.9A CN201910911764A CN110591252A CN 110591252 A CN110591252 A CN 110591252A CN 201910911764 A CN201910911764 A CN 201910911764A CN 110591252 A CN110591252 A CN 110591252A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L27/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L27/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08L27/04—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment containing chlorine atoms
- C08L27/06—Homopolymers or copolymers of vinyl chloride
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
- C08K3/24—Acids; Salts thereof
- C08K3/26—Carbonates; Bicarbonates
- C08K2003/265—Calcium, strontium or barium carbonate
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K2201/00—Specific properties of additives
- C08K2201/011—Nanostructured additives
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2201/00—Properties
- C08L2201/02—Flame or fire retardant/resistant
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2201/00—Properties
- C08L2201/04—Antistatic
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Abstract
The invention provides an antistatic PVC sheet material and a preparation method thereof, wherein the antistatic PVC sheet material is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100-120 parts of PVC resin, 10-25 parts of filler, 8-12 parts of nano silver wire, 1-5 parts of antistatic agent, 1-5 parts of coupling agent, 1-2 parts of heat stabilizer and 0.5-1 part of antioxidant. According to the invention, the nano silver wires and the high-molecular antistatic agent are compounded to functionalize the surfaces of the nano silver wires so as to enhance the surface reaction activity of the nano silver wires, and then the composite antistatic agent containing activated nano silver wires is added into a PVC resin system, so that the antistatic capability of the finished product PVC plate material is greatly improved; the mechanical property of the PVC plate is improved by adding the inorganic filler, and the flame retardant property of the PVC plate is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of PVC (polyvinyl chloride) plates, in particular to an antistatic PVC plate material and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The high polymer material has light weight, wear resistance, corrosion resistance, good insulating property to electricity and heat, and easy processing and forming. For a long time, polymer resin-based composite materials have been used as electrical insulating materials due to their excellent dielectric properties. However, high insulation also poses a problem of electrostatic damage to the polymer material.
The polymer material is easy to rub in the processing or final use process of products to accumulate static, which not only affects the transparency and surface cleanness and attractiveness of the products, but also affects the use performance of the products, causes bad phenomena such as dust absorption damage to appearance, electric shock and EC short circuit, and even causes explosion or fire due to spark generated by electrostatic discharge, thereby preventing the application of the high-molecular material in occasions such as coal mines and dangerous goods warehouses. Research and development of antistatic and conductive polymer composite materials have become an important content in the field of polymer materials.
Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) is one of the earliest plastic varieties for realizing industrialization in the world, and has the advantages of flame retardancy, chemical corrosion resistance, wear resistance, excellent electrical insulation, higher mechanical strength and the like. The additive can be added in the processing process or the proper process and equipment can be adopted to produce various plastic products, and the plastic products are widely used in the fields of industry, building, agriculture, daily necessities, packaging, electric power, public utilities and the like. However, the surface resistance of PVC is as high as 1014 omega-10 omega, static electricity is easy to generate, explosion and fire are easy to cause, and the application of the PVC material in the fields of chemical plants, coal mines and the like can be widened by improving the antistatic capacity of the PVC material.
The most common antistatic PVC plate on the market is only antistatic on the surface, a layer of antistatic hard film is formed on the surface of a PVC plate by a Coating technology, the antistatic layer can be removed only by a mechanical processing method, and the wiping by an alcohol chemical solvent is not influenced, so that the process perfectly keeps the inherent transparent and beautiful characteristics of the plastic plate and has an antistatic function, but the surface resistance of the antistatic plate can be gradually changed to 7-9 square ohm or higher after 3-5 years, so that the antistatic function is weakened or lost. Therefore, a durable antistatic PVC plate material is needed, and the application of the PVC plate is expanded.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to make up the defects of the prior art and provides an antistatic PVC sheet material and a preparation method thereof.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following scheme:
the invention provides an antistatic PVC sheet material which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100-120 parts of PVC resin, 10-25 parts of filler, 8-12 parts of nano silver wire, 1-5 parts of antistatic agent, 1-5 parts of coupling agent, 1-2 parts of heat stabilizer and 0.5-1 part of antioxidant.
Preferably, the antistatic PVC sheet material is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 108 parts of PVC resin, 15 parts of filler, 10 parts of nano silver wire, 4 parts of antistatic agent, 2 parts of coupling agent, 1 part of heat stabilizer and 0.5 part of antioxidant.
Preferably, the filler is one or more of calcium carbonate, silicon dioxide, magnesium hydroxide, aluminum hydroxide, mica, talcum powder, wollastonite and carbon black.
Preferably, the antistatic agent is a permanent high molecular antistatic agent, which is a polymer molecule segment containing a lipophilic portion and a polymer containing a hydrophilic group or a conductive structural unit.
Preferably, the coupling agent is one of vinyltriethoxysilane, vinyltrimethoxysilane and vinyltris (. beta. -methoxyethoxy) silane.
Preferably, the heat stabilizer is one of dibutyltin dilaurate, di-n-octyltin dilaurate and dibutyltin maleate.
Preferably, the antioxidant is one of zinc dialkyl dithiophosphate, zinc dialkyl dithiocarbamate and alkyl phenothiazine.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the antistatic PVC sheet material, which comprises the following steps:
(1) putting the nano silver wire and the high-molecular antistatic agent into a vacuum drying oven, drying for 6-10h at a constant temperature of 70-90 ℃, dissolving the high-molecular antistatic agent into an organic solvent, heating to dissolve, adding the nano silver wire into a high-molecular antistatic agent solution after the high-molecular antistatic agent is completely dissolved, heating and stirring to obtain a mixed solution, separating, washing, and drying at a constant temperature to obtain the composite antistatic agent;
(2) adding PVC resin, filler, coupling agent, heat stabilizer and antioxidant, uniformly mixing, putting into a double-roll open mill, mixing for 20-30min, adding composite antistatic agent, and continuously mixing for 10-15min to obtain a mixed material;
(3) adding the mixed material into a hot-pressing forming machine, hot-pressing and forming for 2-5min at the temperature of 170-180 ℃ and the pressure of 8-12Mpa, and then cold-pressing for 4-6min at the pressure of 8-12Mpa to obtain the antistatic PVC plate material.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the invention, the nano silver wires and the high-molecular antistatic agent are compounded to functionalize the surfaces of the nano silver wires so as to enhance the surface reaction activity of the nano silver wires, and then the composite antistatic agent containing the activated nano silver wires is added into a PVC resin system, so that the antistatic capability of the finished PVC sheet material is greatly improved, and through detection, the surface resistivity of the PVC sheet material prepared by the method is as low as 106-107Omega, and meanwhile, the antistatic ability is durable; the mechanical property of the PVC board can be improved by adding the inorganic filler, and the flame retardant property of the PVC board is improved at the same time, through detection, the impact strength of the PVC board material prepared by the invention can reach 47MPa, the tensile strength can reach 44MPa, and the oxygen index (LOI) is as low as 35.7, so that the PVC board material is a non-flammable material.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the following embodiments of the present invention, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
An antistatic PVC sheet material is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 110 parts of PVC resin, 10 parts of calcium carbonate, 5 parts of silicon dioxide, 8 parts of nano silver wire, 1004 parts of high-molecular antistatic agent ASD, 2 parts of vinyl triethoxysilane, 2 parts of dibutyltin dilaurate and 0.5 part of zinc dialkyl dithiophosphate.
The preparation method of the antistatic PVC sheet material comprises the following steps:
(1) putting the nano silver wires and the high-molecular antistatic agent into a vacuum drying oven, drying for 8 hours at the constant temperature of 80 ℃, dissolving the high-molecular antistatic agent into an organic solvent, heating to dissolve, adding the nano silver wires into a high-molecular antistatic agent solution after the high-molecular antistatic agent is completely dissolved, heating and stirring to obtain a mixed solution, separating, washing, and drying at the constant temperature to obtain the composite antistatic agent;
(2) adding PVC resin, calcium carbonate, silicon dioxide, vinyl triethoxysilane, dibutyltin dilaurate and zinc dialkyl dithiophosphate, uniformly mixing, putting into a double-roll open mill, mixing for 20min, adding a composite antistatic agent, and continuously mixing for 15min to obtain a mixed material;
(3) and adding the mixed material into a hot-pressing forming machine, carrying out hot-pressing forming for 5min at the temperature of 170 ℃ and the pressure of 12Mpa, and then carrying out cold pressing for 6min at the pressure of 8Mpa to obtain the antistatic PVC plate material.
Example 2
An antistatic PVC sheet material is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 108 parts of PVC resin, 5 parts of silicon dioxide, 5 parts of mica, 5 parts of carbon black, 10 parts of nano silver wire, 1004 parts of macromolecular antistatic agent ASD, 2 parts of vinyl trimethoxy silane, 1 part of dibutyltin maleate and 0.5 part of zinc dialkyl dithiocarbamate.
The preparation method of the antistatic PVC sheet material comprises the following steps:
(1) putting the nano silver wires and the high-molecular antistatic agent into a vacuum drying oven, drying for 10 hours at the constant temperature of 75 ℃, dissolving the high-molecular antistatic agent into an organic solvent, heating to dissolve, adding the nano silver wires into a high-molecular antistatic agent solution after the high-molecular antistatic agent is completely dissolved, heating and stirring to obtain a mixed solution, separating, washing, and drying at the constant temperature to obtain the composite antistatic agent;
(2) adding and uniformly mixing PVC resin, silicon dioxide, mica, carbon black, vinyltrimethoxysilane, dibutyltin maleate and zinc dialkyldithiocarbamate, putting into a double-roll open mill, mixing for 30min, adding a composite antistatic agent, and continuously mixing for 15min to obtain a mixed material;
(3) and adding the mixed material into a hot-pressing forming machine, carrying out hot-pressing forming for 4min at the temperature of 180 ℃ and under the pressure of 10Mpa, and then carrying out cold pressing for 4min under the pressure of 10Mpa to obtain the antistatic PVC plate material.
Example 3
An antistatic PVC sheet material is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of PVC resin, 5 parts of aluminum hydroxide, 10 parts of carbon black, 8-12 parts of nano silver wires, 1002 parts of a high-molecular antistatic agent ASD, 4 parts of vinyltrimethoxysilane, 2 parts of di-n-octyltin dilaurate and 1 part of zinc dialkyl dithiophosphate.
The preparation method of the antistatic PVC sheet material comprises the following steps:
(1) putting the nano silver wires and the high-molecular antistatic agent into a vacuum drying oven, drying for 8 hours at the constant temperature of 90 ℃, dissolving the high-molecular antistatic agent into an organic solvent, heating to dissolve, adding the nano silver wires into a high-molecular antistatic agent solution after the high-molecular antistatic agent is completely dissolved, heating and stirring to obtain a mixed solution, separating, washing, and drying at the constant temperature to obtain the composite antistatic agent;
(2) adding and uniformly mixing PVC resin, aluminum hydroxide, carbon black, vinyl trimethoxy silane, di-n-octyl tin dilaurate and zinc dialkyl dithiophosphate, putting the mixture into a double-roll open mill, mixing for 25min, adding a composite antistatic agent, and continuously mixing for 15min to obtain a mixed material;
(3) and adding the mixed material into a hot-pressing forming machine, carrying out hot-pressing forming for 5min at the temperature of 175 ℃ and under the pressure of 12Mpa, and then carrying out cold pressing for 5min under the pressure of 10Mpa to obtain the antistatic PVC plate material.
Example 4
An antistatic PVC sheet material is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 115 parts of PVC resin, 10 parts of magnesium hydroxide, 10 parts of wollastonite, 8 parts of nano silver wire, 1005 parts of a high-molecular antistatic agent ASD, 2 parts of vinyl tri (beta-methoxyethoxy) silane, 2 parts of dibutyltin maleate and 1 part of zinc dialkyl dithiophosphate.
The preparation method of the antistatic PVC sheet material comprises the following steps:
(1) putting the nano silver wires and the high-molecular antistatic agent into a vacuum drying oven, drying for 8 hours at the constant temperature of 90 ℃, dissolving the high-molecular antistatic agent into an organic solvent, heating to dissolve, adding the nano silver wires into a high-molecular antistatic agent solution after the high-molecular antistatic agent is completely dissolved, heating and stirring to obtain a mixed solution, separating, washing, and drying at the constant temperature to obtain the composite antistatic agent;
(2) adding PVC resin, magnesium hydroxide, wollastonite, vinyl tri (beta-methoxyethoxy) silane, dibutyltin maleate and zinc dialkyl dithiophosphate, uniformly mixing, putting into a double-roll open mill, mixing for 25min, adding a composite antistatic agent, and continuously mixing for 15min to obtain a mixed material;
(3) and adding the mixed material into a hot-pressing forming machine, carrying out hot-pressing forming for 2min at the temperature of 175 ℃ and under the pressure of 10Mpa, and then carrying out cold pressing for 4min under the pressure of 12Mpa to obtain the antistatic PVC plate material.
Example 5
An antistatic PVC sheet material is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 105 parts of PVC resin, 5 parts of silicon dioxide, 5 parts of aluminum hydroxide, 5 parts of mica, 12 parts of nano silver wire, 1004 parts of high-molecular antistatic agent ASD, 3 parts of vinyl triethoxysilane, 2 parts of di-n-octyl tin dilaurate and 0.5 part of zinc dialkyl dithiocarbamate.
The preparation method of the antistatic PVC sheet material comprises the following steps:
(1) putting the nano silver wires and the high-molecular antistatic agent into a vacuum drying oven, drying for 8 hours at a constant temperature of 70 ℃, dissolving the high-molecular antistatic agent into an organic solvent, heating for dissolving, adding the nano silver wires into a high-molecular antistatic agent solution after the high-molecular antistatic agent is completely dissolved, heating and stirring to obtain a mixed solution, separating, washing, and drying at a constant temperature to obtain the composite antistatic agent;
(2) adding and uniformly mixing PVC resin, silicon dioxide, aluminum hydroxide, mica, vinyltriethoxysilane, di-n-octyltin dilaurate and zinc dialkyldithiocarbamate, putting into a double-roll open mill, mixing for 30min, adding a composite antistatic agent, and continuously mixing for 15min to obtain a mixed material;
(3) and adding the mixed material into a hot-pressing forming machine, carrying out hot-pressing forming for 5min at the temperature of 180 ℃ and under the pressure of 12Mpa, and then carrying out cold pressing for 6min under the pressure of 12Mpa to obtain the antistatic PVC plate material.
Example 6
An antistatic PVC sheet material is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 112 parts of PVC resin, 10 parts of mica, 10 parts of carbon black, 10 parts of nano silver wires, 1005 parts of a high-molecular antistatic agent ASD, 5 parts of vinyl triethoxysilane, 1 part of dibutyltin dilaurate and 1 part of zinc dialkyl dithiophosphate.
The preparation method of the antistatic PVC sheet material comprises the following steps:
(1) putting the nano silver wires and the high-molecular antistatic agent into a vacuum drying oven, drying for 10 hours at the constant temperature of 90 ℃, dissolving the high-molecular antistatic agent into an organic solvent, heating to dissolve, adding the nano silver wires into a high-molecular antistatic agent solution after the high-molecular antistatic agent is completely dissolved, heating and stirring to obtain a mixed solution, separating, washing, and drying at the constant temperature to obtain the composite antistatic agent;
(2) adding PVC resin, mica, carbon black, vinyl triethoxysilane, dibutyltin dilaurate and zinc dialkyl dithiophosphate, uniformly mixing, putting into a double-roll open mill, mixing for 30min, adding a composite antistatic agent, and continuously mixing for 15min to obtain a mixed material;
(3) and adding the mixed material into a hot-pressing forming machine, carrying out hot-pressing forming for 4min at the temperature of 178 ℃ and under the pressure of 10Mpa, and then carrying out cold pressing for 6min under the pressure of 12Mpa to obtain the antistatic PVC plate material.
Performance detection
Antistatic PVC sheets prepared in examples 1-6 were: the surface resistivity and volume resistivity measurements were made using GB/T1410-2006, the impact strength measurements were made using GB/T1451, the tensile strength measurements were made using GB/T1447, and the oxygen index measurements were made using GB 2406.2-2009, with the data given in Table 1 below:
TABLE 1 antistatic PVC sheet Property test results
As can be seen from Table 1, the lowest surface resistivity of the antistatic PVC sheet prepared by the method can reach 3.5 multiplied by 106Omega, volume resistivity can be as low as 8.7 x 105Omega cm, good antistatic performance, high impact strength, high tensile strength, good mechanical performance, low oxygen index up to 35.7, and good flame retardant performance.
In the description herein, references to the description of "one embodiment," "an example," "a specific example" or the like are intended to mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
The preferred embodiments of the invention disclosed above are intended to be illustrative only. The preferred embodiments are not exhaustive or limiting of the specific embodiments of the invention. Obviously, many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the invention and the practical application, to thereby enable others skilled in the art to best utilize the invention. The invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.
Claims (8)
1. The antistatic PVC sheet material is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100-120 parts of PVC resin, 10-25 parts of filler, 8-12 parts of nano silver wire, 1-5 parts of antistatic agent, 1-5 parts of coupling agent, 1-2 parts of heat stabilizer and 0.5-1 part of antioxidant.
2. The antistatic PVC sheet material as claimed in claim 1, which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 108 parts of PVC resin, 15 parts of filler, 10 parts of nano silver wire, 4 parts of antistatic agent, 2 parts of coupling agent, 1 part of heat stabilizer and 0.5 part of antioxidant.
3. The antistatic PVC sheet material according to claim 1, wherein the filler is one or more of calcium carbonate, silica, magnesium hydroxide, aluminum hydroxide, mica, talc, wollastonite and carbon black.
4. The antistatic PVC plate material according to claim 1, wherein the antistatic agent is a permanent high molecular antistatic agent, which is a polymer molecular segment containing lipophilic portion and a polymer containing hydrophilic group or conductive structural unit.
5. The antistatic PVC plate material of claim 1, wherein the coupling agent is one of vinyltriethoxysilane, vinyltrimethoxysilane, vinyltris (β -methoxyethoxy) silane.
6. The antistatic PVC plate material of claim 1, wherein the thermal stabilizer is one of dibutyltin dilaurate, di-n-octyltin dilaurate and dibutyltin maleate.
7. The antistatic PVC plate material of claim 1, wherein said antioxidant is one of zinc dialkyldithiophosphate, zinc dialkyldithiocarbamate, and alkylphenothiazine.
8. The preparation method of the antistatic PVC sheet material according to claims 1 and 2, characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) putting the nano silver wire and the high-molecular antistatic agent into a vacuum drying oven, drying for 6-10h at a constant temperature of 70-90 ℃, dissolving the high-molecular antistatic agent into an organic solvent, heating to dissolve, adding the nano silver wire into a high-molecular antistatic agent solution after the high-molecular antistatic agent is completely dissolved, heating and stirring to obtain a mixed solution, separating, washing, and drying at a constant temperature to obtain the composite antistatic agent;
(2) adding PVC resin, filler, coupling agent, heat stabilizer and antioxidant, uniformly mixing, putting into a double-roll open mill, mixing for 20-30min, adding composite antistatic agent, and continuously mixing for 10-15min to obtain a mixed material;
(3) adding the mixed material into a hot-pressing forming machine, hot-pressing and forming for 2-5min at the temperature of 170-180 ℃ and the pressure of 8-12Mpa, and then cold-pressing for 4-6min at the pressure of 8-12Mpa to obtain the antistatic PVC plate material.
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Application publication date: 20191220 |