CN110590543A - Method for extracting hydroxycitrate from lucidus fruit - Google Patents
Method for extracting hydroxycitrate from lucidus fruit Download PDFInfo
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- CN110590543A CN110590543A CN201910791451.4A CN201910791451A CN110590543A CN 110590543 A CN110590543 A CN 110590543A CN 201910791451 A CN201910791451 A CN 201910791451A CN 110590543 A CN110590543 A CN 110590543A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C51/00—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides
- C07C51/41—Preparation of salts of carboxylic acids
- C07C51/412—Preparation of salts of carboxylic acids by conversion of the acids, their salts, esters or anhydrides with the same carboxylic acid part
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C51/00—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides
- C07C51/42—Separation; Purification; Stabilisation; Use of additives
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of plant extraction, in particular to a method for extracting hydroxycitric acid salt from gamboge fruits, which comprises the following steps of S1, smashing gamboge fruits, S2, adding water into the smashed gamboge fruits in S1 according to the material-liquid ratio of 1:13 ~ 15, boiling for 10 ~ 20min at 110 ~ 120 ℃, filtering and retaining filtrate after cooling, S3, concentrating the filtrate in the step S2 by 4 ~ 6 times, adding 90% ~ 95% of ethanol which is 1 ~ 2 times of the volume of the concentrated solution, S4, filtering the step S3, adding 90% ~ 95% of ethanol into the filtrate to adjust the alcohol degree to 58 ~ 62, S5, adding an alkali solution into the step S4, adjusting the pH of the solution to 11.5 ~ 12.5.5, S6, filtering, washing, evaporating and drying the step S5, wherein the hydroxycitric acid is in the alkaline atmosphere but not in the alkaline atmosphere, the alkaline substance forms alkaline salt, and the carboxyl group is not beneficial to the formation of the biological esterification, and the carboxyl group purity is not beneficial to the formation of the carboxyl group formation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of plant extraction, and in particular relates to a method for extracting hydroxycitrate from luculia repens fruits.
Background
Garcinia fruit (A)Garcinia cambogiaL.) is a tree of the family Guttiferae distributed in tropical regions of south Asia, whose fruit peel is rich in hydroxycitric acid and which is sour, and is commonly used as a food seasoning and a traditional medicine in south Asia countries. The hydroxycitric acid is a strong competitive inhibitor of ATP citrate lyase, and has effects of inhibiting fat synthesis and promoting gluconeogenesis, increasing utilization rate of pyruvic acid and lactic acid, and inhibiting appetite. Therefore, hydroxycitric acid is often used as an active ingredient in weight-loss functional foods. Recent studies have shown that hydroxycitric acid also inhibits the formation of calcium oxalate crystals in the kidney.
The hydroxycitric acid is an organic acid containing 2 hydroxyl groups and 3 free carboxyl groups, and is very easy to be condensed into lactone in the separation and extraction process, so that the biological activity of the product is reduced. In industrial preparation, the hydroxycitric acid is extracted from the garcinia cambogia mainly by 3 methods: water extraction, organic solvent extraction and ion exchange chromatography. The garcinia cambogia extract in domestic and foreign markets is mainly prepared by the methods, and the main component of the product is hydroxycitric acid lactone instead of free hydroxycitric acid.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the problem that lactone is easily formed in hydroxycitrate extracted in the prior art, and provides a method for preparing the hydroxycitrate of a gamboge fruit.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a method for extracting hydroxycitrate from lucerne fruits comprises the following steps:
s1, crushing garcinia cambogia fruits;
s2, adding water into the garcinia cambogia fruits crushed in the step S1 according to the material-liquid ratio of 1:13 ~ 15, boiling for 10 ~ 20min at the temperature of 110 ~ 120 ℃ and 120 ℃, cooling, and filtering to keep filtrate;
s3, concentrating the filtrate obtained in the step S2 by 4-4 ~ 6 times, and adding 90- ~ 95% of ethanol with the volume 1-1 ~ 2 times that of the concentrated solution;
s4, filtering the filtrate obtained in the step S3, and adding 90% to ~ 95% of ethanol into the filtrate to adjust the alcohol degree to 58 ~ 62;
s5, adding an alkali solution in the step S4, and adjusting the pH value of the solution to 11.5 ~ 12.5.5;
s6, filtering, washing, evaporating and drying are carried out on the step S5.
The method for extracting the citrate from the garcinia cambogia fruits comprises the steps of extracting hydroxycitric acid from the garcinia cambogia fruits, wherein the final product is in a salt form due to an added alkali solution in the extraction process, adding water according to the material-to-liquid ratio of 1:13 ~ 15 in the step S2, namely adding 13 ~ 15mL of water into each gram of the garcinia cambogia fruits according to the mass-to-volume ratio, adjusting the alcohol degree of a solution by adding 90% ~ 95% of ethanol to the solution according to different temperature requirements at 110 ~ 120 ℃ in the step S2, measuring the alcohol degree by using a 40 ~ 70 degree alcohol meter, in addition, in the step S6, finally forming oily precipitates, washing the precipitates for 3 times by using 95% of ethanol after removing clear liquid, washing the precipitates for 2 times by using absolute ethanol, standing at normal temperature overnight, then standing at 60 ℃ for reduced pressure evaporation, and drying.
Preferably, the garcinia cambogia fruits are pulverized into 30 ~ 50 mesh particles in the step S1.
Preferably, the ratio of the materials to the liquid in the step S2 is 1: 14.
Preferably, the boiling in step S2 is performed at 115 ℃ for 15 min.
Preferably, the concentration of the filtrate in the step S3 is 5 times.
Preferably, the alcohol degree in the step S4 is 60.
Preferably, the pH of the solution is adjusted to 12 in the step S5.
Preferably, the alkali solution in step S5 is KOH or NaOH solution, and KOH solution is preferably used, and the mass percentage of KOH is 30% ~ 50%.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:
the method for extracting the hydroxycitric acid salt from the garcinia cambogia fruits adopts an alkaline solution, particularly a KOH solution, so that the to-be-extracted product is in a proper alkaline condition, and under the alkaline condition, the carboxyl in the hydroxycitric acid is in an alkaline atmosphere instead of directly forming neutral salt with alkaline substances. Because carboxyl can not form carboxyl salt, the esterification reaction is not facilitated, the formation of lactone is effectively reduced, and the purity and the biological activity of the hydroxycitrate are improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a high performance liquid chromatogram of a hydroxycitric acid standard;
FIG. 2 high performance liquid chromatogram of citric acid;
FIG. 3 high performance liquid chromatogram of the product obtained in example 1;
FIG. 4 is a high performance liquid chromatogram of a Garcinia cambogia extract control from NowFoods;
FIG. 5 is a color reaction diagram of ammonium metavanadate; and
FIG. 6 thin layer chromatogram.
Description of reference numerals:
1-Hydroxycitric acid standard, 2-citric acid, 3-the product made in example 1, 4-NowFoods Garcinia cambogia extract control.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific examples and comparative examples. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention, and not restrictive of the full scope of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the examples given herein without any inventive step, are within the scope of the present invention.
Unless otherwise specified, the equipment used in the present examples, comparative examples and experimental examples was conventional experimental equipment, and the materials and reagents used were commercially available.
Example 1
S1, taking gamboge fruit powder crushed to 40 meshes;
s2, adding water according to the material-liquid ratio of 1:14 in step S1, cooking at 115 ℃ for 15min under high pressure, cooling, filtering with 5 layers of medical gauze, squeezing out filtrate, and centrifuging the filtrate at 4000 Xg for 15 min;
s3, evaporating and concentrating the supernatant under reduced pressure at 55 ℃, wherein the concentration multiple is 5 times, and then adding 95% ethanol into the concentrated solution at a ratio of 1:1 (v/v) to precipitate pectin;
s4, filtering the mixture obtained in the step S3 by using gauze, centrifuging the mixture at 4000 Xg for 15min to remove pectin, adding 95% ethanol into the supernatant, and adjusting the alcohol content of the solution to 60 at room temperature by using a 40-70-degree alcohol meter (Wuqiang Huapeng instrument factory in Hebei);
s5, adding 40% KOH to adjust the pH value to 12;
s6, forming oily precipitate in the step S5, removing supernatant, washing the precipitate with 95% ethanol for 3 times, washing the precipitate with absolute ethanol for 2 times, standing at normal temperature overnight, standing at 60 ℃, evaporating under reduced pressure, and drying.
Example 2
S1, taking garcinia cambogia fruit powder which is crushed to 30 meshes;
s2, adding water according to the material-liquid ratio of 1:15 in step S1, cooking at 110 ℃ for 20min under high pressure, cooling, filtering with 5 layers of medical gauze, squeezing out filtrate, and centrifuging the filtrate at 4000 Xg for 15 min;
s3, evaporating and concentrating the supernatant under reduced pressure at 55 ℃, wherein the concentration multiple is 6 times, and then adding 90% ethanol into the concentrated solution at a ratio of 1: 2 (v/v) to precipitate pectin;
s4, filtering the mixture obtained in the step S3 by using gauze, centrifuging the mixture at 4000 Xg for 15min to remove pectin, adding 95% ethanol into the supernatant, and adjusting the alcohol content of the solution to 58 by using a 40-70-degree alcohol meter (Wuqiang Huapeng instrument factory in Hebei);
s5, adding 40% KOH to adjust the pH value to 11.5;
s6, forming oily precipitate in the step S5, removing supernatant, washing the precipitate with 95% ethanol for 3 times, washing the precipitate with absolute ethanol for 2 times, standing at normal temperature overnight, standing at 60 ℃, evaporating under reduced pressure, and drying.
Example 3
S1, taking garcinia cambogia fruit powder which is crushed to 50 meshes;
s2, adding water according to the material-liquid ratio of 1:13 in step S1, cooking at 120 ℃ for 10 min under high pressure, cooling, filtering with 5 layers of medical gauze, squeezing out filtrate, and centrifuging the filtrate at 4000 Xg for 15 min;
s3, evaporating and concentrating the supernatant under reduced pressure at 55 ℃, wherein the concentration multiple is 4 times, and then adding 90% ethanol into the concentrated solution at a ratio of 1:1 (v/v) to precipitate pectin;
s4, filtering the mixture obtained in the step S3 by using gauze, centrifuging the mixture at 4000 Xg for 15min to remove pectin, adding 95% of ethanol into the supernatant, and adjusting the alcohol content of the solution to 62 at room temperature by using a 40-70-degree alcohol meter (Wuqiang Huapeng instrument factory in Hebei);
s5, adding 40% KOH to adjust the pH value to 12.5;
s6, forming oily precipitate in the step S5, removing supernatant, washing the precipitate with 95% ethanol for 3 times, washing the precipitate with absolute ethanol for 2 times, standing at normal temperature overnight, standing at 60 ℃, evaporating under reduced pressure, and drying.
Comparative example 1 ~ 3
The main procedure was the same as in example 1. The difference lies in that: the pH of the solution of step S5 of comparative examples 1 to 3 was 9, 11, and 13 in this order.
Comparative example 4 ~ 6
The main procedure was the same as in example 1. The difference lies in that: the liquid-to-liquid ratios in step S2 of comparative examples 4 to 6 were 1:6, 1:10, and 1:18 in this order.
Comparative example 7 ~ 9
The main procedure was the same as in example 1. The difference lies in that: the concentration ratios of the solutions in step S3 of comparative examples 7 to 9 were 1, 3, and 7 in this order.
Comparative example 10 ~ 12
The main procedure was the same as in example 1. The difference lies in that: the alcohol degrees of the solutions in step S4 of comparative examples 10 to 12 were 40, 50, and 70 in this order.
Example 1
Extracting potassium citrate from the garcinia cambogia fruits according to the methods of the embodiments and the respective proportions, and respectively calculating the yield. The results are shown in Table 1.
Yield = (mass of potassium hydroxycitrate extracted/mass of Garcinia cambogia fruit) × 100%
TABLE 1 yield situation table
From the above table, it can be seen that the ratio of feed to liquid, the concentration ratio, the alcohol content and the pH value have a large influence on the yield of the hydroxycitrate, and the hydroxycitrate has a good yield only in the range of the ratio of feed to liquid of 1:13 ~ 15, the concentration ratio of 4 ~ 6 times, the alcohol content of 58 ~ 62 and the pH of 11.5 ~ 12.5.5.
Experimental example 2
Reference (Hui ZF, Xiao H, Hui YH, et al, Determination of Hydroxygenic acid in Garcinia cambogia by RP-HPLC [ J ]. Northwest Pharmaceutical J, 2015, 30: 371-. 50 mg of sample to be detected is dissolved in 40 mL of 3.0% phosphoric acid solution, ultrasonic treatment is carried out for 30 min, then a 0.022 mu m filter membrane is used for filtration, the sample loading amount is 20 mu L, and an ultraviolet detector is adopted for detection at 210 nm. Hydroxycitric acid standards (figure 1), citric acid (figure 2), the product from example 1 (figure 3), and the NowFoods garcinia cambogia extract control (figure 4) were tested, respectively, using the methods described above.
It can be seen from the figure that fig. 3 shows an absorption peak at a retention time of 2.90min, with the same peak positions as the hydroxycitric acid standard of fig. 1 (2.96 min), the NowFoods garcinia extract control of fig. 4 (2.88 min). Whereas citric acid of figure 2 has no absorption peak at 2.90 min. Description the product obtained in example 1 is a hydroxycitrate. In addition, the Garcinia cambogia extract control from NowFoods in FIG. 4 also shows a stronger absorption peak at 5.63min, which corresponds to the formation of lactone hydroxycitric acid, whereas FIG. 3 shows no absorption peak at 5.63min, indicating that the hydroxycitric acid salt obtained by the method of the present invention is present as a pure hydroxycitric acid salt, in which no lactone is formed.
Experimental example 3
Reference is made to the literature for the color reaction (Baito LC, Dizon EI, Laurena AC, et al, Isolation and quantification of the hydroxyl acid from the bath [ Garcinia binucao (Blanco) choice ] from [ J ] Int Food Res J, 2018, 25: 706-. Weighing 0.1 g of a sample to be detected, dissolving the sample in 50 mL of 3.0% phosphoric acid solution, performing ultrasonic treatment for 30 min, taking 1mL of supernatant, adding 3 mL of 1% ammonium metavanadate, standing for 30 min, and observing.
The colour reaction was carried out with ammonium metavanadate (see figure 5) and it was found that hydroxycitric acid standard 1, product 3 from example 1 and Garcinia cambogia extract 4 from NowFoods were reddish brown, while citric acid 2 was yellow.
Experimental example 4
0.1 g of a sample to be tested was dissolved in 0.9 mL of 3.0% phosphoric acid solution, sonicated for 30 min, filtered through a 0.022 μm filter, spotted onto an activated GF254 thin layer chromatography silica gel plate (2.5X 7.5 cm) using methanol/water = 6:1 (v/v) as a developing solvent. And after the chromatography is finished, developing by using a 5% ammonium metavanadate solution. Rf is calculated as follows:
rf = distance from origin to center of component points ÷ distance from origin to solvent front edge
As shown in FIG. 6, there was no significant difference in Rf values between 0.69 and 0.71 for hydroxycitric acid Standard 1, citric acid 2, product 3 from example 1 and NowFoods Garcinia cambogia extract 4, but the Rf value for citric acid was slightly lower. Further illustrating that the extract is hydroxycitrate.
It should be finally noted that the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit the scope of the present invention, and that other variations and modifications based on the above description and thought may be made by those skilled in the art, and that all embodiments need not be exhaustive. Any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A method for extracting hydroxycitrate from lucerne fruits is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, crushing garcinia cambogia fruits;
s2, adding water into the garcinia cambogia fruits crushed in the step S1 according to the material-liquid ratio of 1:13 ~ 15, boiling for 10 ~ 20min at the temperature of 110 ~ 120 ℃ and 120 ℃, cooling, and filtering to keep filtrate;
s3, concentrating the filtrate obtained in the step S2 by 4-4 ~ 6 times, and adding 90- ~ 95% of ethanol with the volume 1-1 ~ 2 times that of the concentrated solution;
s4, filtering the filtrate obtained in the step S3, and adding 90% to ~ 95% of ethanol into the filtrate to adjust the alcohol degree to 58 ~ 62;
s5, adding an alkali solution in the step S4, and adjusting the pH value of the solution to 11.5 ~ 12.5.5;
s6, filtering, washing, evaporating and drying are carried out on the step S5.
2. The method for extracting hydroxycitrate from Garcinia cambogia fruit as claimed in claim 1, wherein the Garcinia cambogia fruit is crushed into 30 ~ 50 mesh particles in step S1.
3. The method for extracting hydroxycitrate from Garcinia cambogia fruit of claim 1, wherein the ratio of liquid to feed in step S2 is 1: 14.
4. The method for extracting hydroxycitrate from Garcinia cambogia fruit of claim 1, wherein the step S2 is carried out by boiling at 115 ℃ for 15 min.
5. The method for extracting hydroxycitrate from Garcinia cambogia fruit of claim 1, wherein the filtrate is concentrated 5 times in step S3.
6. The method for extracting hydroxycitrate from Garcinia cambogia fruit of claim 1, wherein the alcohol content in step S4 is 60.
7. The method for extracting hydroxycitrate from Garcinia cambogia fruit of claim 1, wherein the pH of the solution is adjusted to 12 in step S5.
8. The method for extracting hydroxycitrate from Garcinia cambogia fruit of claim 1, wherein the alkaline solution in step S5 is KOH or NaOH solution.
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Cited By (2)
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| CN112544690A (en) * | 2020-12-15 | 2021-03-26 | 西南林业大学 | Fresh-keeping processing method of edible mushroom product |
| CN115536521A (en) * | 2022-07-17 | 2022-12-30 | 李玉山 | Preparation method of hydroxycitric acid in lucuma tenuifolia fruits |
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