CN110587979A - Three-dimensional printing material, three-dimensional printing method using same, and three-dimensional printing finished product containing same - Google Patents
Three-dimensional printing material, three-dimensional printing method using same, and three-dimensional printing finished product containing same Download PDFInfo
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- CN110587979A CN110587979A CN201810609673.5A CN201810609673A CN110587979A CN 110587979 A CN110587979 A CN 110587979A CN 201810609673 A CN201810609673 A CN 201810609673A CN 110587979 A CN110587979 A CN 110587979A
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 138
- 238000010146 3D printing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 70
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 229920002725 thermoplastic elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 42
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 48
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 7
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- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 230000009191 jumping Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011812 mixed powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000016 photochemical curing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
- B29C64/141—Processes of additive manufacturing using only solid materials
- B29C64/153—Processes of additive manufacturing using only solid materials using layers of powder being selectively joined, e.g. by selective laser sintering or melting
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y70/00—Materials specially adapted for additive manufacturing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y80/00—Products made by additive manufacturing
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a three-dimensional printing material, a three-dimensional printing method using the same and a three-dimensional printing finished product containing the same. The three-dimensional printing method comprises the steps of laying a three-dimensional printing material as a material layer; irradiating energy beams at different positions on the material layer; and sequentially repeating the laying step and the irradiating step to stack a plurality of layers of the material until a three-dimensional printed finished product is completed. Here, the three-dimensional printing material includes a photo-curable material and a thermoplastic elastomer material.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a three-dimensional printing material, a three-dimensional printing method using the same and a three-dimensional printing finished product containing the same. Specifically, the present invention relates to a three-dimensional printing material including a photocurable material and a thermoplastic elastomer (TPE) material, a three-dimensional printing method using the same, and a three-dimensional printed product including the same.
Background
Three-dimensional printing is one of the rapid prototyping techniques that was originally used to produce test specimens prior to mold opening. However, with the progress of the three-dimensional printing technology and the increasing demand for various precise and non-mass-produced products, the three-dimensional printing technology is also gradually beginning to be invested in directly manufacturing desired products. In addition, with the development and circulation of open resources, three-dimensional printing technology has also contributed to "self-creation revolution", so that various creatives and designs can be more easily practiced.
In three-dimensional printing techniques, the final finished product is basically manufactured by stacking the materials layer by layer. However, under this concept, due to the nature of three-dimensional printing, only one material can be used at a time to produce the desired finished product. However, in the same finished product, the desired properties, such as the desired stress resistance, may vary depending on the shape and location of the finished product. Therefore, there is a need to develop a technology that can more flexibly construct finished products including different properties, particularly stiffness properties, according to design.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical means for solving the problems are as follows:
to solve the above problems, an embodiment of the present invention provides a three-dimensional printing method. The three-dimensional printing method comprises the steps of laying a three-dimensional printing material as a material layer; irradiating energy beams at different positions on the material layer; and sequentially repeating the laying step and the irradiating step to stack a plurality of layers of the material until a three-dimensional printed finished product is completed. Here, the three-dimensional printing material includes a photo-curable material and a thermoplastic elastomer (TPE) material.
Preferably, in the three-dimensional printed product, the site directly irradiating the energy beam has higher rigidity than a region other than the site.
Preferably, after repeating the laying step and the irradiating step, the sites in the material layers of different layers in the three-dimensional printed product are connected in a line to form a linear support structure, and the linear support structure is surrounded by a higher-flexibility interstitial structure.
Preferably, in the irradiating step, the higher the flexibility of the site is required, the longer the energy beam is irradiated.
Preferably, in the irradiating step, the longer the energy beam is irradiated at a stress concentration point in the finished three-dimensional printed product that is expected to be completed.
Preferably, in the irradiating step, when the different sites on the same material layer are irradiated by the emitting head of the energy beam, the emitting head of the energy beam is moved more than once according to a preset distance.
Preferably, in the irradiating step, a plurality of the energy beams are irradiated onto a plurality of the sites on the same layer of the material layer at the same time by using an M × N matrix emission head, where M and N are positive integers.
Preferably, in the irradiating step, when the matrix emission heads irradiate the different sites on the same material layer, the matrix emission heads move more than once according to a preset distance.
Preferably, a first group of sites illuminated by the matrix emission heads and after illuminating the first group of sites; and the matrix emission head moves a second group of irradiated sites once according to the preset distance, and the irradiated sites in the first group of irradiated sites and the second group of irradiated sites have partially overlapped sites.
Preferably, the energy intensity of the energy beam irradiated by each of the individual emission heads in the matrix emission head is adjustable every time the energy beam is moved according to the predetermined distance, and the energy intensity of the energy beam irradiated by each of the individual emission heads is the same as or different from each other.
Another embodiment of the invention provides a three-dimensional printed product. The three-dimensional printed article comprises one or more support structures; and interstitial structures. The interstitial structure surrounds the support structure with the support structure as a center and has higher flexibility compared with the support structure. Here, the three-dimensional printed product is formed by the same mixed three-dimensional printed material, and the mixed three-dimensional printed material at least comprises a photo-curing material and a thermoplastic elastomer (TPE) material. Furthermore, in the three-dimensional printed product, the interstitial structure comprises a higher proportion of thermoplastic elastomer (TPE) material than the central coated supporting structure, and the central supporting structure comprises a higher proportion of light-curable material than the surrounding coated interstitial structure.
Preferably, the different support structures distributed in the three-dimensional printed product have the same or different stiffness or flexibility.
Yet another embodiment of the present invention provides a three-dimensional printed material including a photocurable material and a thermoplastic elastomer (TPE) material.
Efficacy against the prior art:
according to the three-dimensional printing material, the three-dimensional printing method using the same and the three-dimensional printing finished product containing the same provided by the embodiment of the invention, the structure of the finished product can be more flexibly constructed according to the design of the required finished product, so that each part in the structure has different properties. For example, the structure of the finished product may be made to include different stiffness properties depending on the requirements. Further, finished products with different structural properties can be conveniently formed, and the process for forming the finished products with different structural properties is improved or simplified.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a three-dimensional printing material and a three-dimensional printing material layer according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2A and 2B are schematic diagrams of a three-dimensional printing method according to an embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional side view of a layer of three-dimensional printing material according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a support structure and an interstitial structure in a three-dimensional printed product according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 5A and 5B are schematic diagrams of a support structure and an interstitial structure in a three-dimensional printed product according to another embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of possible stress concentration points in a three-dimensional printed product according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic view of a matrix emission head used in a three-dimensional printing method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the distribution of the sites to be irradiated with the energy beam in the three-dimensional printing material layer according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 9A to 9D are schematic views illustrating a process of irradiating an energy beam using a matrix emission head according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 10 is a schematic illustration of the use of a matrix emission head to illuminate different sites in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
Description of the main element symbols:
11-16, 11': site of the body
35: point of stress concentration
100: three-dimensional printing material
200: energy beam
110: first group of sites
120: second group of sites
101: photocurable material
102: thermoplastic elastomer material
10: material layer
20. 20': transmitting head
30. 30': supporting structure
40. 40': interstitial structure
50: matrix transmitting head
r: radius of
d1, d2, d 3: distance between two adjacent plates
1000. 2000, 3000, 4000: three-dimensional printing finished product
Detailed Description
Various embodiments will be described hereinafter, and the spirit and principles of the invention will be readily understood by those skilled in the art by reference to the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. However, while certain specific embodiments are specifically illustrated herein, these embodiments are merely exemplary and are not to be considered in all respects as limiting or exhaustive. Thus, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made therein without departing from the spirit and principles of the invention.
A three-dimensional printed material and a three-dimensional printing method according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described first with reference to fig. 1. Specifically, in fig. 1, a three-dimensional printing material 100 includes a light-curable material 101 and a thermoplastic elastomer (TPE) material 102. In the three-dimensional printing, the three-dimensional printing material 100 including the photocurable material 101 and the thermoplastic elastomer material 102 is laid on the three-dimensional printing work platform to form a printing material layer 10.
In a preferred embodiment, the photo-curable material 101 and the thermoplastic elastomer material 102 are both in powder form, and the three-dimensional printed material 100 is a mixed powder comprising the powders of the photo-curable material 101 and the thermoplastic elastomer material 102. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and the photocurable material 101 and the thermoplastic elastomer material 102 may be in forms other than powder, respectively, in conformity with the gist of the present invention. For example, the photo-curable material 101 and the thermoplastic elastomer material 102 may be in a form of a gel, a paste, a jelly, a viscous liquid, a semi-fluid, or a liquid, and the three-dimensional printed material 100 is a material mixed according to the properties of the photo-curable material 101 and the thermoplastic elastomer material 102.
Here, for example, the photocurable material 101 may include a photosensitive resin; the thermoplastic elastomer material 102 may include polystyrene-based elastomers, polyurethane-based elastomers, polyolefin-based elastomers, polyether ester-based elastomers, polyamide-based elastomers, thermoplastic vulcanizates, dynamically vulcanized polyolefin-based elastomers, and the like. However, the above is merely an example, and the present invention is not limited thereto. The photocurable material 101 and the thermoplastic elastomer material 102 may be composite materials each including a plurality of materials.
As described above, referring to fig. 1, according to the three-dimensional printing method of the embodiment of the invention, the three-dimensional printing material 100 is first laid as a printing material layer 10. The method of laying the three-dimensional printing material 100 on the three-dimensional printing operation platform may be various ways developed now or in the future, and will not be described in detail here.
Next, referring to fig. 2A to 2B, the three-dimensional printing method according to an embodiment of the invention further includes irradiating different sites 11-16 in the material layer 10 with energy beams 200. For example, the energy beam 200 is irradiated onto the site 11 by the emitting head 20 (fig. 2A), then moved onto the site 13 once according to the predetermined distance, and the energy beam 200 is irradiated onto the site 13 by the emitting head 20 (fig. 2B). Here, the preset distance may be the sum of the distances d1 and d 2. That is, the preset distance is equal to the sum of the distance d1 between the points 11 and 12 and the distance d2 between the points 12 and 13. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and the preset distance may be other distances. For example, the predetermined distance may be a distance d1 between the positions 11 and 12, and the emission head 20 may move from the position 11 to the position 12 by a distance d1 of the predetermined distance for irradiation.
The above process of moving the predetermined distance and irradiating the energy beam 200 may be repeated one or more times so as to be on the same layer of material 10; the sites that are desired to be irradiated with the energy beam 200 are all irradiated according to the design. For example, in one embodiment, the sites illuminated can be sites 11, 13, and 15; in another embodiment, the sites to be irradiated may be sites 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16; in yet another embodiment, only one site may be illuminated. However, the above is merely an example, and the present invention is not limited thereto. Specifically, the number and position of the irradiated sites can be designed according to the requirement, and the preset distance of movement between different sites can be the same or different.
Additionally, energy beam 200 may be a beam of different wavelengths, according to various embodiments of the invention. For example, the energy beam may be infrared, ultraviolet, or laser.
As mentioned above, the material layer 10 is cured and formed according to the design after the energy beam 200 is irradiated. And repeating the steps of laying the material layer and irradiating the energy beam for multiple times in sequence until the required three-dimensional printed finished product is finished.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, an energy beam 200 is irradiated onto a site of the three-dimensional printed material 100, and a structure of curing and forming will be described in detail with reference to fig. 3.
Reference is made to fig. 3, which shows an enlarged sectional side view of a layer of material. In the material layer 10, taking the energy beam 200 directly vertical to the irradiation site 11 as an example, the photocurable material 101 in the mixed three-dimensional printing material 100 is directly irradiated by the energy beam 200 to be photocured, and the support structure 30 is formed. In addition, the thermoplastic elastomer material 102 in the hybrid three-dimensional printed material 100 absorbs the energy of the energy beam 200 and converts the energy into heat energy, and after sufficient energy is absorbed; the thermoplastic elastomer material 102 is centered on the support structure 30 to form the molten matrix structure 40. That is, as the supporting structure 30 is a steel bar and the fused form matrix 40 is a cement, the fused form matrix 40 covers the supporting structure 30 and is molded with the supporting structure 30 as a skeleton. In this embodiment, the powdered thermoplastic elastomer material 102 may be energized to melt into a mass as cement sand is added with water and molded with the support structure 30 as a central skeleton. However, the above is merely illustrative and does not represent that the thermoplastic elastomer material 102 behaves exactly like cement sand.
After the energy beam 200 is removed or moved away, the region that has acquired sufficient energy to melt and mold will solidify after cooling, thereby forming a clad structure centered on the support structure 30; a matrix structure 40. It is noted, however, that the supporting structure 30 and the interstitial structure 40 are substantially integrally formed structures, rather than separate structures, and the drawings shown herein are exaggerated for clarity to show the difference.
In the above-described irradiation of the energy beam 200, the longer the irradiation time, the higher the energy to be supplied, and the wider the range of energy to be diffused to the surroundings. That is, when the energy beam 200 is directly irradiated to the vertical region corresponding to the site, the energy is diffused from the center to the outside by taking the irradiated vertical region as the center. For example, when the rates of energy diffusion in each direction are substantially equal, the region that absorbs energy to become the molten interstitial structure 40 is substantially cylindrical centered on the support structure 30. In this case, the radius of the cylindrical shape may be r, and the radius r becomes larger as the irradiation time is longer.
The step of laying the material layer 10 and irradiating the energy beam 200 is repeated, and the three-dimensional printed product formed thereby may include one or more support structures and corresponding interstitial structures coating the one or more support structures according to the number and positions of the sites directly irradiating the energy beam 200. It is noted that corresponding interstitial structures between different support structures may overlap and merge into a cluster. For example, referring to fig. 4, in the cylindrical three-dimensional printed product 1000, the interstitial structure 40 'covering three respective supporting structures 30' may be integrated. In this case, the interstitial structure 40 'between the support structures 30' may be absorbed into the energy diffused when irradiating the next site before cooling and solidification, or the energy diffused when being absorbed into the next site after cooling and solidification is melted again, so that the interstitial structure 40 'between the support structures 30' may be finally integrated.
In addition, referring to fig. 4 as well, according to an embodiment of the present invention, after repeating the material layer laying and energy beam irradiating steps for a plurality of times in sequence, the irradiated sites in the material layers of different layers in the three-dimensional printed product 1000 can be connected to form a linear support structure 30'. That is, the three-dimensional printed product 1000 of fig. 4 may be a structure in which the material layers 10 of fig. 3 are stacked one on another. However, the present invention is not limited thereto. For example, referring to fig. 5A, according to another embodiment of the present invention, the three-dimensional printed product 2000 may also be in a form that the irradiated sites in the material layers of different layers are not simultaneously or only partially connected into a line. In addition, referring to fig. 5B, according to another embodiment of the present invention, the support structure 30' in the three-dimensional printed product 3000 may have a zigzag shape and not extend toward the same direction. In this case, a similar support structure 30' can be achieved by adjusting the angle and position of the irradiating energy beam.
In light of the above examples, those skilled in the art should be able to modify the support structure 30 'and the interstitial structure 40' according to the principles of the present invention to form various patterns and shapes, which will not be described in detail herein.
As mentioned above, the light curable material 101 is cured by direct irradiation, and the thermoplastic elastomer material 102 is melt-molded by absorption of energy. Thus, the support structure may comprise a light curable material 101 that cures upon irradiation with light, and a thermoplastic elastomer material 102 that is shaped upon absorption of energy; the matrix structure may comprise an energy absorbing thermoplastic elastomer material 102 that is shaped, and a small portion of a light-curable material 101 that is not specifically cured but is encapsulated by the melt-shaped thermoplastic elastomer material 102.
Since uncured or uncoated material is removed or cleaned after curing is complete or after the final product is completed, the final matrix may comprise a higher proportion of thermoplastic elastomer material 102 than the center-coated support structure, and the center support structure may comprise a higher proportion of photocurable material 101 than the surrounding coated matrix structure.
The interstitial structure and the supporting structure have different final mechanical properties due to different properties of the materials. For example, in a preferred embodiment, the support structure may have a greater stiffness and the interstitial structure may have a greater flexibility. In such embodiments, the interstitial structure may have a higher flexibility compared to the support structure because it contains a higher proportion of thermoplastic elastomer material 102. That is, in the three-dimensional printed product, a site (support structure) where the energy beam is directly irradiated has higher rigidity than a region (interstitial structure) other than the site. In the preferred embodiment, the thermoplastic elastomer material 102 is selected to have both rubber and plastic properties, so that it has better flexibility and elasticity. In contrast, the light-curable material 101 selected in the preferred embodiment has better rigidity after curing, and thus can be used as a support for the overall structure and enhance the strength and reliability of the overall structure. Therefore, the time for irradiating the energy beam 200 can be determined according to the required area size of the interstitial structure and the rigidity or flexibility of the overall structure obtained by matching with the supporting structure.
For example, the longer the energy beam 200 may be irradiated at a site where a need is expected to produce a greater buffering effect, such that the support structure on the site comprises a higher proportion of thermoplastic elastomer material 102. That is, the stiffness or flexibility of the different support structures distributed in the three-dimensional printed product can be determined by the time of irradiation of the energy beam.
Specifically, the time for irradiating the energy beam may be increased at a stress concentration point in the finished three-dimensional printed product expected to be completed, so that a site requiring higher stress tolerance due to stress concentration has a larger buffering capacity. For example, referring to fig. 6, a coupling angle of a three-dimensional printed end product 4000 that is a cube may be a stress concentration point 35. In this case, when the material layers are stacked layer by layer and the energy beam is irradiated to form the three-dimensional printed product 4000, when the energy beam is irradiated to the site corresponding to the stress concentration point 35, the irradiation time may be increased so that the support structure corresponding to the coupling angle of the stress concentration point 35 contains a higher proportion of the thermoplastic elastomer material and the region of the interstitial structure is enlarged, thereby weakening or dispersing the stress of the coupling angle and preventing the stress from damaging the structure.
As described above, according to the present invention, a three-dimensional printed product can be formed by a simple process of irradiating energy beams with the same mixed three-dimensional printed material, and the formed three-dimensional printed product can have a structure with different rigidity or flexibility properties. Thereby, the process of manufacturing the structures having different stiffness or flexibility properties can be easily completed, and the process can be simplified or improved. In addition, according to the invention, the three-dimensional printing finished product can be designed according to requirements, so that the three-dimensional printing finished product has better different structural characteristics.
Next, a three-dimensional printing method according to a modified embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to fig. 7 to 9D.
In the irradiating step, the means for emitting the energy beam may be an M × N matrix emission head 50, where M and N are positive integers. For example, referring to FIG. 7, the matrix emitter head 50 includes 9 individual emitter heads 20' distributed in a 3 × 3 matrix. However, the present invention is not so limited and the matrix emitter head may comprise any number of matrix configurations and the embodiments specifically listed herein are by way of example only.
In view of the above, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the matrix emitter 50 comprising a plurality of individual emitters 20' can replace the single emitter 20 described above to irradiate a plurality of energy beams onto a plurality of sites on the same material layer at the same time, thereby accelerating the irradiation process. For example, referring to fig. 8, when the material layer 10 has 16 uniformly distributed sites 11' to be irradiated by the energy beam, and the predetermined distance between the two sites is d3, the single emitting head needs to move 16 times according to the predetermined distance d3 to complete irradiation. In contrast, referring to FIGS. 9A-9D, the matrix emitter 50 can be moved by a predetermined distance D3 for 4 times along the arrow.
The number and distribution of the sites on the material layer are only examples, and the invention is not limited thereto, and according to the matrix form of the matrix emission head and the distribution of the plurality of sites on the material layer, the moving route can be designed arbitrarily such that the matrix emission head can move one or more times according to the predetermined distance to irradiate different sites on the same material layer.
Next, according to an embodiment of the present invention, a case when different groups of sites are irradiated with matrix emission heads will be further described with reference to fig. 10 in conjunction with fig. 9A and 9B.
FIG. 9A shows the matrix emitter irradiating the first group of sites 110 shown in FIG. 10, and then the matrix emitter 50 moves once according to the predetermined distance d3, and in FIG. 9B the matrix emitter irradiates the second group of sites 120 shown in FIG. 10. Wherein, the first group of sites 110 and the second group of sites 120 have partially overlapping sites. Depending on the design, these overlapping sites may be sites that require longer energy beam irradiation. However, according to other embodiments of the present invention, the energy intensity of the light beam irradiated by each of the matrix emission heads is adjustable during each movement according to a predetermined distance (e.g., the predetermined distance d 3). That is, for example, individual emitters corresponding to overlapping sites belonging to both the first group of sites 110 and the second group of sites 120 may have less energy than other emitters in the matrix emitters, such that the energy received by all of the final sites is the same. However, the above is merely exemplary, and the individual emitters in the matrix of emitters may be adjusted according to the energy requirements of the different sites to be illuminated for each movement.
Except for the above description, the process of forming a three-dimensional printed product with the matrix emitter head is substantially the same as the process performed with a single emitter head, and will not be described herein again.
According to the invention, various articles can be manufactured to meet various requirements of more fineness. For example, a midsole for a shoe may be produced that has some overall strength and stability, but retains a preferred degree of flexibility for running and jumping. In addition, part of the structure can be strengthened or the elasticity or flexibility of the part of the structure can be improved according to individual requirements, so that customized products can be realized.
As described above, the three-dimensional printing material, the three-dimensional printing method using the same, and the three-dimensional printed product including the same according to the embodiments of the present invention may be formed or have structural characteristics with different properties. Therefore, the structure can be more flexibly constructed according to the design of the three-dimensional printed product. For example, the compliance of the structure may be designed and constructed to meet the requirements based on the location of the stress concentration points. In addition, structures containing different stiffness or flexibility properties in the same product can also be formed more simply by mixing the same three-dimensional printed material, thereby improving the convenience of the process.
What has been described herein are merely some of the presently preferred embodiments of the invention. It should be noted that various changes and modifications can be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit and principle of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is defined by the appended claims and various changes, substitutions, combinations, modifications and alterations can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (13)
1. A method of three-dimensional printing, comprising:
laying the three-dimensional printing material as a material layer,
irradiating energy beams at different points on the material layer, and
sequentially repeating the laying step and the irradiating step to stack a plurality of layers of the material until a three-dimensional printed finished product is completed,
wherein the three-dimensional printing material comprises a light-curable material and a thermoplastic elastomer material.
2. The three-dimensional printing method according to claim 1, wherein the site directly irradiating the energy beam in the three-dimensional printed product has higher rigidity than a region other than the site.
3. The three-dimensional printing method according to claim 1, wherein after repeating the laying step and the irradiating step, the sites in the material layers of different layers in the three-dimensional printed product are connected in a line to form a line-shaped supporting structure, and the line-shaped supporting structure is surrounded by a higher-flexibility interstitial structure.
4. The three-dimensional printing method according to claim 1, wherein in the irradiating step, the longer the energy beam is irradiated for the site requiring the higher flexibility.
5. The three-dimensional printing method according to claim 1, wherein in the irradiating step, the longer the energy beam is irradiated at a stress concentration point in the three-dimensional printed product that is expected to be completed.
6. The three-dimensional printing method according to claim 1, wherein in the irradiating step, when the different points on the same material layer are irradiated with the emitting head of the energy beam, the emitting head of the energy beam is moved more than once according to a predetermined distance.
7. The three-dimensional printing method according to claim 1, wherein in the irradiating step, a plurality of the energy beams are irradiated onto a same layer of the material layer to a plurality of the sites simultaneously using an M x N matrix of emission heads, where M and N are positive integers.
8. The three-dimensional printing method according to claim 7, wherein in the irradiating step, when the matrix emission head irradiates the different sites on the same material layer, the matrix emission head moves more than once according to a predetermined distance.
9. The three-dimensional printing method of claim 8, wherein a first group of sites illuminated by the matrix emission head and after illuminating the first group of sites; and the matrix emission head moves a second group of irradiated sites once according to the preset distance, and the irradiated sites in the first group of irradiated sites and the second group of irradiated sites have partially overlapped sites.
10. The three-dimensional printing method according to claim 8, wherein the energy intensity of the energy beam irradiated by each of the matrix emission heads is adjustable every time the energy beam is moved according to the predetermined distance, and the energy intensity of the energy beam irradiated by each of the individual emission heads is the same as or different from each other.
11. A three-dimensional printed article, comprising:
one or more support structures; and
a matrix structure surrounding the support structure with the support structure as a center and having a higher flexibility than the support structure,
wherein the three-dimensional printing finished product is formed by the same mixed three-dimensional printing material, and the mixed three-dimensional printing material at least comprises a light curing material and a thermoplastic elastomer material,
wherein the interstitial structures comprise a higher proportion of the thermoplastic elastomer material than the core-clad support structures, and the core support structures comprise a higher proportion of the photocurable material than the surrounding clad interstitial structures.
12. The three-dimensional printed article of claim 11, wherein different ones of the support structures distributed in the three-dimensional printed article have the same or different stiffness or flexibility.
13. The three-dimensional printing material is characterized by comprising a light-cured material and a thermoplastic elastomer material.
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