CN110584837B - Variable density structural unit and trabecular bone implant - Google Patents
Variable density structural unit and trabecular bone implant Download PDFInfo
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- CN110584837B CN110584837B CN201910853883.3A CN201910853883A CN110584837B CN 110584837 B CN110584837 B CN 110584837B CN 201910853883 A CN201910853883 A CN 201910853883A CN 110584837 B CN110584837 B CN 110584837B
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- structural unit
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- trabecular bone
- bone implant
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/28—Bones
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2002/30001—Additional features of subject-matter classified in A61F2/28, A61F2/30 and subgroups thereof
- A61F2002/30003—Material related properties of the prosthesis or of a coating on the prosthesis
- A61F2002/30004—Material related properties of the prosthesis or of a coating on the prosthesis the prosthesis being made from materials having different values of a given property at different locations within the same prosthesis
- A61F2002/30006—Material related properties of the prosthesis or of a coating on the prosthesis the prosthesis being made from materials having different values of a given property at different locations within the same prosthesis differing in density or specific weight
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
- Cardiology (AREA)
- Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
- Transplantation (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Vascular Medicine (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Prostheses (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a variable density structural unit and a trabecular bone implant, wherein the variable density structural unit is a spatial three-dimensional structure formed by regularly splicing a plurality of triangular basic structural units in different spatial directions; the triangular basic structure unit is formed by connecting three wire columns in a triangular manner, and the wire columns of two adjacent triangular basic structure units are arranged on the same side; the area of the triangular basic structure unit is gradually reduced from top to bottom along the vertical direction of the variable-density structure unit. The trabecular bone implant is formed by splicing at least one variable density structural unit array. The variable density structural unit is in an asymmetric structure, has gradient density change, has large porosity, is convenient for bone growth, and is closer to the distribution condition of the trabecula of the human body. The trabecular bone implant has the advantages of gradient change of pore diameter, high porosity, convenience for bone growth, capability of realizing quick biological fixation after operation, uniform stress distribution, capability of bearing external loads in all directions, stability after implantation and capability of reducing the probability of bone dissolution.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of prosthesis, in particular to a variable density structural unit and a trabecular bone implant.
Background
At present, the existing method for designing the trabecular bone structure is to use a uniform and symmetrical structural unit 1 to perform hollowing, the schematic structural diagram of the uniform and symmetrical structural unit 1 is shown in fig. 1, and the top view of the uniform and symmetrical structural unit 1 is shown in fig. 2, or to perform random distribution. The existing trabecular bone implant 2 composed of the uniform and symmetrical structural units 1 is shown in a top view and a side view in fig. 3 and 4, the existing trabecular bone implant 2 is uniform in density and does not have gradient transformation, and the existing trabecular bone implant 2 cannot simulate the density-changing distribution condition of trabecular bone in a real human bone. The stress distribution of the existing trabecular bone implant 2 implanted into a human body cannot be changed in a gradient way, and the elastic modulus of the structure cannot be changed and distributed like that of a real human bone. Stress shielding is likely to occur, and adverse symptoms such as osteolysis occur.
In summary, how to effectively solve the technical problems that the stress distribution of the implant is not uniform, the elastic modulus of the implant cannot simulate the elastic modulus of a human body and bone dissolution is easy to occur after the trabecular bone is implanted into the human body at present is a technical problem which needs to be solved by the technicians in the field at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a variable density structural unit and a trabecular bone implant, which are used for solving the problems of uneven stress distribution and easy occurrence of osteolysis of the implant after the trabecular bone implant is implanted into a human body in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a variable density structure unit is a spatial three-dimensional structure formed by regularly splicing a plurality of triangular basic structure units in different spatial directions;
the triangular basic structure unit is formed by connecting three wire columns in a triangular manner, the wire columns of two adjacent triangular basic structure units share one side, and a pore is formed between the adjacent wire columns;
the area of the triangular basic structure unit is gradually reduced from top to bottom along the vertical direction of the variable-density structure unit.
Wherein the filament diameter of the filament column of the triangular basic structural unit is 0.25 mm.
Wherein the material of the variable-density structural unit is Ti6Al 4V.
Wherein, the aperture of the triangle basic structure unit is reduced in gradient from top to bottom.
And the elastic modulus of the triangular basic structural unit is increased in a gradient manner from top to bottom.
Wherein the volume of the variable density structural unit is 3mm by 3 mm;
the maximum aperture of the variable-density structural unit is 2mm, and the minimum aperture is 200 mu m;
the porosity of the variable density structural unit was 88.7%.
A trabecular bone implant comprising an array of at least one of said variable density structural units.
The joints between the different silk columns of the trabecular bone implant form nodes, and the nodes comprise at least four silk columns which are regularly distributed in space.
Wherein the upper part of the trabecular bone implant in the vertical direction is connected with an osteotomy;
the top end of the trabecular bone implant is of a conical structure.
The technical scheme of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
in the above-mentioned scheme, the first step of the method,
(1) the variable density structural unit provided by the embodiment is of an asymmetric structure, has gradient density change, and is high in porosity, so that the bone can grow in conveniently;
(2) the variable density structural unit provided by the embodiment has the aperture and the elastic modulus which are changed in a gradient manner, and is closer to the distribution condition of the trabecular bone of a human body;
(3) the trabecular bone implant provided by the embodiment has the advantages of gradient change of pore diameter, large porosity, convenience for bone ingrowth and capability of realizing rapid biological fixation after operation;
(4) the trabecular bone implant provided by the embodiment is composed of the variable density structural unit array, and is simple in design;
(5) in the trabecular bone implant provided by the embodiment, at least four wire columns are connected at each node, so that the stress distribution is uniform, and the trabecular bone implant can bear external loads in all directions;
(6) the trabecular bone implant provided by the embodiment has the advantages that one end of the trabecular bone implant, which is connected with the osteotomy, is of a conical structure, the conical tip of the conical structure can be pricked into the bone fracture surface, the trabecular bone implant is more stably connected with the bone, and the probability of bone dissolution is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a conventional uniform symmetric structural unit;
FIG. 2 is a top view of a prior art uniform symmetric building block;
FIG. 3 is a top view of a prior art trabecular implant;
FIG. 4 is a side view of a prior art trabecular implant;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a variable density structural unit according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a front view of a variable density structural unit of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a left side view of a variable density structural unit of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a top view of a variable density structural unit of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic structural view of a trabecular bone implant of the present invention;
fig. 10 is a side view of a trabecular implant of the invention.
Reference numerals:
1. a uniform symmetrical structural unit; 2. existing trabecular bone implants; 3. a variable density structural unit; 4. trabecular bone implants.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the following detailed description is given with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
The invention provides a variable density structural unit and a trabecular bone implant, aiming at the problems that the stress distribution of the implant is uneven and the bone dissolution is easy to occur after the existing trabecular bone implant is implanted into a human body.
As shown in fig. 5 to 8, fig. 5 to 8 are a schematic structural diagram, a front view, a left view and a top view of the variable density structural unit 3, respectively, and the embodiment of the present invention provides the variable density structural unit 3, where the variable density structural unit 3 is a spatial three-dimensional structure formed by regularly splicing a plurality of triangular basic structural units in different spatial directions; the triangular basic structure unit is formed by connecting three wire columns in a triangular manner, the wire columns of two adjacent triangular basic structure units share one side, and a pore is formed between the adjacent wire columns; the area of the triangular basic structural unit is gradually reduced from top to bottom along the vertical direction of the variable-density structural unit 3.
The variable density structural unit 3 of this embodiment is a spatial three-dimensional unit, and the density in the vertical direction of the density is gradually reduced from top to bottom. The structure of the variable density structural unit is composed of triangular basic structural units, and the triangular basic structural units are regularly spliced along different spatial directions to form the variable density structural unit 3. The area of the triangular basic structural unit of the variable-density structural unit 3 is gradually reduced from top to bottom along the vertical direction of the variable-density structural unit 3, the density of the filament columns forming the variable-density structural unit 3 is also gradually increased along with the gradient increase, gradient density change is formed, the gradient is reduced from top to bottom along the vertical direction of the variable-density structural unit 3, and the porosity of the variable-density structural unit 3 is large. The implant body formed by the variable density structural unit 3 is easy for bone growth, can realize quick biological fixation after operation, and has excellent mechanical property.
Further, the filament diameter of the filament column of the triangular basic structural unit is 0.25 mm. The volume of the variable density structural unit 3 is 3mm by 3 mm; the maximum aperture of the variable-density structural unit 3 is 2mm, and the minimum aperture is 200 mu m; the porosity of the variable density structural unit 3 was 88.7%.
Further, the material of the variable density structural unit 3 is Ti6Al 4V.
Further, the aperture of the triangular basic structure unit is reduced in a gradient manner from top to bottom. The elastic modulus of the triangular basic structural unit is increased in a gradient manner from top to bottom.
The aperture of the variable density structural unit 3 of the embodiment is reduced in a gradient manner from top to bottom, and the structural elastic modulus changes in a gradient manner, so that the distribution of the real trabecular bone of the human body is approached. The three-dimensional structure of the variable density structural unit 3 of the present embodiment is an irregular hexahedron.
As shown in fig. 9-10, a trabecular bone implant 4, the trabecular bone implant 4 is formed by splicing an array of at least one variable density structural unit 3.
The trabecular bone implant 4 of the present embodiment is formed by splicing an array of at least one variable density structural unit 3. The aperture density of the trabecular bone implant 4 changes, the aperture of the triangular basic structure unit gradually becomes smaller along the vertical direction of the trabecular bone implant 4, the aperture of the triangular basic structure unit at the upper end of the trabecular bone implant 4 is large, the aperture of the triangular basic structure unit at the lower end of the trabecular bone implant 4 is small, and the porosity is large. When the trabecular bone implant 4 is implanted into a human body, the trabecular bone implant 4 is easy for bone growth, and can realize quick biological fixation after operation. Since the variable density structural units 3 constituting the trabecular bone implant 4 have gradient density variation, the design of the trabecular bone implant 4 does not need to control the sizes of the structural units at different positions of the model requiring the trabecular bone structure design. The bone trabecula structure design with variable density can be achieved by filling the variable density structural units 3 in an array mode. The microcosmic bone trabecular implant 4 is of a truss structure, and the mechanical property of the bone trabecular implant 4 is excellent.
Further, the joints between the different silk columns of the trabecular bone implant 4 form nodes, which comprise at least four silk columns distributed regularly in space.
Each node of the trabecular bone implant 4 of the embodiment is at least provided with four connected wire columns, and the four wire columns are regularly distributed in space, the stress distribution is uniform, and the structure can bear external loads in all directions.
Further, the upper part of the trabecular bone implant 4 in the vertical direction is connected with the osteotomy; the top end of the trabecular bone implant 4 is of a conical structure.
When the trabecular bone implant 4 of the present embodiment is connected to the osteotomy, the implant is connected to the upper portion of the trabecular bone implant 4 in the vertical direction, because the variable density structural unit 3 constituting the trabecular bone implant 4 is composed of triangular basic structural units, and the areas of the triangular basic structural units decrease progressively from top to bottom, the aperture of the triangular basic structural unit of the trabecular bone implant 4 and the osteotomy connecting end is large, the density of the filament pillars is small, the top end of the trabecular bone implant 4 is a triangular basic structural unit which is outwardly extended, the top end of the trabecular bone implant 4 is in a tapered structure and has a cone tip, and the cone tip is an intersection point where two filament pillars of the triangular basic structural unit are connected. When the trabecular bone implant 4 is in interference fit with the osteotomy face, the conical tip can be pricked into the osteotomy face, so that the prosthesis and the bone are combined more stably, and the bone is favorable for bone ingrowth.
In the above scheme, the variable density structural unit 3 provided in this embodiment is of an asymmetric structure, has gradient density variation, and has a large porosity, thereby facilitating bone ingrowth; the variable density structural unit 3 provided by the embodiment has the aperture and the elastic modulus which are changed in a gradient manner, and is closer to the distribution condition of the trabecular bone of a human body; the trabecular bone implant 4 provided by the embodiment has gradient change of pore diameter and large porosity, is convenient for bone ingrowth and can realize rapid biological fixation after operation; the trabecular bone implant 4 provided by the embodiment is composed of an array of variable density structural units 3, and the design is simple; in the trabecular bone implant 4 provided by the embodiment, at least four wire columns are connected at each node, so that the stress distribution is uniform, and the external load in each direction can be borne; the trabecular bone implant 4 provided by the embodiment has a conical structure at one end connected with the osteotomy, the conical tip of the conical structure can be inserted into the bone-knitting surface, the trabecular bone implant 4 is more stably connected with the bone, and the probability of bone dissolution is reduced.
The embodiments in the present specification are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "one end", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be noted that the terms "provided with" and "connected" are to be interpreted broadly, unless explicitly stated or limited otherwise. For example, the connection can be fixed, detachable or integrated; may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate. The fixed connection can be common technical schemes such as welding, threaded connection and clamping. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
While the foregoing is directed to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. A variable density structure unit is characterized in that the variable density structure unit is a spatial three-dimensional structure formed by regularly splicing a plurality of triangular basic structure units to different spatial directions;
the triangular basic structure unit is formed by connecting three wire columns in a triangular manner, and the wire columns of two adjacent triangular basic structure units are in common side;
the area of the triangular basic structure unit is gradually reduced from top to bottom along the vertical direction of the variable-density structure unit;
the elastic modulus of the triangular basic structure unit is increased in a gradient manner from top to bottom.
2. The variable density structural unit of claim 1, wherein the filament diameter of the filament pillars of the triangular basic structural unit is 0.25 mm.
3. The variable density structural unit of claim 1, wherein the material of the variable density structural unit is Ti6Al 4V.
4. The variable density building block of claim 1, wherein the triangular basic building block has a decreasing pore size gradient from top to bottom.
5. The variable density structural unit of claim 1, wherein the volume of the variable density structural unit is 3mm by 3 mm;
the maximum aperture of the variable-density structural unit is 2mm, and the minimum aperture is 200 mu m;
the porosity of the variable density structural unit was 88.7%.
6. A trabecular bone implant, wherein said trabecular bone implant is made up of at least one array of variable density structural elements according to any one of claims 1-5.
7. The trabecular bone implant of claim 6, wherein the junction between different said wire struts of said trabecular bone implant forms a node comprising at least four spatially regularly distributed wire struts.
8. The trabecular implant of claim 6, wherein said trabecular implant is vertically superior in connection with an osteotomy;
the top end of the trabecular bone implant is of a conical structure.
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| CN111494060B (en) * | 2020-04-28 | 2022-10-04 | 河北科技大学 | Method for constructing bone implant and bone implant structural unit |
| CN112168429B (en) * | 2020-10-14 | 2021-12-31 | 华中科技大学 | Sea urchin thorn-shaped continuous gradient change-simulating biological scaffold and application thereof |
| CN112155803A (en) * | 2020-10-30 | 2021-01-01 | 嘉思特华剑医疗器材(天津)有限公司 | Biological adaptive gradient trabecular bone artificial knee joint tibial platform |
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| 《基于激光选区熔化技术可控多孔结构设计及力学性能研究》;王冠军;《南京航空航天大学硕士学位论文》;20180301;正文第三章 * |
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