CN110583654A

CN110583654A - Plant source nematicide

Info

Publication number: CN110583654A
Application number: CN201910880623.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王绍辉; 赵文超; 杨进山; 冯加平; 杨瑞; 黄煌; 孙露露; 赵福宽
Original assignee: Beijing University of Agriculture
Current assignee: Beijing University of Agriculture
Priority date: 2019-09-18
Filing date: 2019-09-18
Publication date: 2019-12-20

Abstract

The invention relates to a botanical nematicide, which can be separated from tomato root secretion, is called Gabapentin in English and is called Gabapentin in Chinese, has extremely strong lethality to southern root-knot nematodes under the condition of water solubility, and is suitable for preventing and treating crop nematode diseases caused by pathogenic nematodes. The gabapentin is a plant source chemical substance, and experimental results show that the mortality rate of the gabapentin to second-instar larvae of the meloidogyne incognita reaches more than 90%, the effect of killing the nematodes is extremely obvious, the gabapentin has a positive effect on prevention and control of the meloidogyne incognita, and an effective management tool is provided for prevention and control of vegetable meloidogyne.

Description

Plant source nematicide

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of pesticides, and particularly relates to a botanical nematicide which has extremely strong lethality to meloidogyne incognita and is suitable for meloidogyne incognita diseases caused by meloidogyne incognita, especially tomato meloidogyne incognita.

Background

Plant parasitic nematodes are pathogenic microorganisms with great harm, are wide in distribution range, various in variety and strong in environmental adaptability, can be parasitic in tissues such as plant roots, can damage host plants through feeding activities, graze the nutrition of the host plants, particularly can cause a series of unknown pathological changes of the host plants through esophageal gland secretions, and can cause other pathogenic microorganisms to infect the host plants together, so that compound diseases are caused, and loss which is difficult to control is caused. In China, the tomato yield reduction caused by plant parasitic nematodes every year is very serious, and the development of tomatoes and other vegetables in China is greatly restricted.

The application of chemical agents is one of the most effective chemical means for preventing and treating plant pathogenic nematode diseases, but the chemical agents used in the current market can harm ecological safety and food safety, so that the demand of people on plant source chemical substances is generated, the prevention and treatment of the plant pathogenic nematode diseases by using new plant source pesticides is a good solution, and other methods such as crop layout adjustment, different pesticide rotation and the like hardly have obvious effects in the actual operation process.

Due to the concern of food safety, people tend to research high-efficiency, low-toxicity and low-residue chemical substances of plant sources.

Gabapentin, its structural formula is as follows, chemical name: 1- (aminomethyl) cyclohexaneacetic acid, a derivative of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), known as Gabapentin throughout English, is soluble in water, is the first antiepileptic drug developed by Warner-Lanbert, USA, is first marketed in the United kingdom in 1993, Gabapentin is a novel antiepileptic drug,

at present, gabapentin is mainly used for preparing antiepileptic drugs, and the application of gabapentin in the field of nematocidal is not seen.

Disclosure of Invention

One of the objects of the present invention is to provide a novel use of gabapentin.

The new application of gabapentin provided by the invention is the application of gabapentin in the following 1) -3):

1) as nematicides;

2) preparing a nematicide;

3) preventing and controlling plant root-knot nematode diseases;

the nematode may specifically be a meloidogyne incognita,

the plant can be fruit vegetables such as cucumber, watermelon, melon, tomato, etc., root vegetables such as various leaf vegetables, radish, etc., tobacco, etc., and more specifically tomato.

It is another object of the present invention to provide a nematicide.

The nematicide provided by the invention takes gabapentin as an active ingredient,

in the nematicide, the gabapentin can be used as an active ingredient alone or can be combined with at least one other chemical active compound to be used as an active ingredient for killing the nematodes.

The nematicide can be prepared into various formulations, such as aqueous solution, aqueous emulsion, wettable powder, soluble granules, water dispersible granules, suspending agent, oil suspending agent, tablets or effervescent granules.

The inventor of the invention detects gabapentin from tomato root secretion, and the gabapentin is a single plant-derived chemical substance; and the experimental result shows that the mortality rate of gabapentin to the second-instar larvae of the meloidogyne incognita reaches more than 90%, the effect of killing the nematodes is extremely obvious, the active effect on preventing and controlling the meloidogyne incognita is achieved, and an effective management tool is provided for preventing and controlling the meloidogyne incognita of vegetables.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a chromatogram of tomato root exudate.

FIG. 2 is a graph showing the statistics of mortality of second instar larvae of Meloidogyne incognita under the effect of gabapentin at different concentrations.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described below with reference to specific examples, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

The experimental methods used in the following examples are all conventional methods unless otherwise specified; reagents, materials and the like used in the following examples are commercially available unless otherwise specified.

Example 1 detection of gabapentin from tomato root-line secretions

Method of producing a composite material

1.1 sample Pre-treatment

Collecting tomato root secretion by root soaking method, and referring to methods (2010) of Zhou Bao Li et al, slightly modifying. When the tomato plants grow to 5 weeks old and are four-leaf and one-heart, a root secretion collecting test is carried out, and 6 plants are inoculated in each treatment. The tomato roots were cleaned with distilled water, placed in a beaker covered with tinfoil paper, and the appropriate amount of water (about 30ml of water per plant root) was added and aerated for cultivation. Changing water every 4h, collecting for 3 times, mixing, filtering, and concentrating the collected secretion. Collecting concentrated secretion before 1ml, adding 3 times volume of methanol, mixing by vortex shaking for 1min-3min, standing at 4 deg.C for 10min, centrifuging at 13000rpm for 10min, collecting supernatant, and vacuum drying. Redissolving 100ul of methanol for testing.

1.2 chromatographic methods

A chromatographic column: agilent ZORBAX Eclipse Plus C18, 2.1X100mm,3.5 um.

Column temperature 35 ℃, sample introduction 3ul, flow rate 0.5mL/min, mobile phase A: H2O (0.1% Formic Acid), mobile phase B: Acetonitrile (0.1% Formic Acid), gradient elution conditions:

1.3 Mass Spectrometry method

Electrospray ionization (ESI) source, positive and negative ion ionization mode. The ion Source temperature (Source temperature) is 120 ℃, the desolvation temperature (desolvation temperature) is 500 ℃, the desolvation nitrogen flow is 600L/h, and the cone hole back flushing nitrogen (con gas flow) is 50L/h. The ionization voltage of the capillary in the positive and negative ion modes is 3.0kV and 4.5kV respectively, the sampling taper hole voltage (sampling cone) is 27eV, the extraction taper hole (extraction cone) is 4eV, and the scanning range of a quadrupole rod is m/z 50-1500.

TABLE 1 detection of gabapentin information in root exudates

In the above tables, sample-1, sample-2, sample-3 and sample-4 refer to parallel experiments

FIG. 1 is a chromatogram of tomato root exudate.

As can be seen from table 1 and fig. 1: gabapentin was detected in tomato root secretions, thus demonstrating that gabapentin is a single chemical of plant origin.

Example 2 detection of nematicidal Activity of gabapentin

(1) Weighing 172g of solid gabapentin, dissolving in 1L of pure water to prepare a mother solution with the concentration of 1 mol/L;

(2) diluting the prepared mother liquor into working solution of 1mmol/L and 0.1mmol/L in proportion for later use;

(3) placing the pre-hatched second-instar larvae of meloidogyne incognita in a 12-well cell culture plate, wherein each well has about 50 second-instar larvae;

(4) immersing a cell culture plate in which the second-instar larvae of the meloidogyne incognita are placed in the prepared working solution, and observing the nematodes after 24 hours;

(5) the calculation formula of the mortality rate is as follows: mortality rate is 100% of the number of nematodes/total number of nematodes.

From fig. 2 it can be found that: under the condition of comparison with clear water, the lethality of the two concentrations to the second-instar larvae reaches over 90 percent, and the effect is extremely obvious, so that the gabapentin has positive effect on the prevention and treatment of the root-knot nematodes.

Claims

1. The use of gabapentin in 1) -3) as follows:

1) as nematicides;

2) preparing a nematicide;

2) preventing and controlling plant root-knot nematode diseases.

2. Use according to claim 1, characterized in that: the nematode is Meloidogyne incognita.

3. Use according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the plant is fruit vegetable, leaf vegetable, root vegetable or tobacco.

4. Use according to claim 3, characterized in that: the plant is tomato.

5. A nematicide contains gabapentin as an active ingredient.

6. The nematicide of claim 5, wherein: the nematicide also contains at least one chemically active compound.

7. The nematicide of claim 5 or 6, wherein: the nematicide can be prepared into various formulations, including aqueous solution, aqueous emulsion, wettable powder, soluble granules, water dispersible granules, suspending agent, oil suspending agent, tablets and effervescent granules.