CN110581429A - Terahertz wave radiation source based on graphene material - Google Patents

Terahertz wave radiation source based on graphene material Download PDF

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CN110581429A
CN110581429A CN201810590917.XA CN201810590917A CN110581429A CN 110581429 A CN110581429 A CN 110581429A CN 201810590917 A CN201810590917 A CN 201810590917A CN 110581429 A CN110581429 A CN 110581429A
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graphene
terahertz wave
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radiation source
terahertz
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CN110581429B (en
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杨法杰
解雪松
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Binzhou Tengyuan Electronic Technology Co Ltd
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01SDEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S1/00Masers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the microwave range
    • H01S1/02Masers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the microwave range solid

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Abstract

The invention discloses a terahertz wave radiation source based on a graphene material, relates to a terahertz emission source, and belongs to the technical field of terahertz waves. The basic main body material is graphene and a modified graphene material thereof, and the main structure mainly comprises a semiconductor base layer constructed by the graphene and the modified graphene material thereof, a transition transmission interaction layer formed by a transition metal compound, and a graphene magnetic field emission layer formed by the graphene and a composite material thereof. The invention provides a real terahertz wave source, the output frequency completely covers the range of 0.1-10 THz terahertz waves, and terahertz waves with average power of several milliwatts can be emitted even under the voltage of 24V direct current. The emission source has the advantages of simple structure, portability, high film formation degree, wide working range and high conversion efficiency far exceeding the prior terahertz wave radiation source, is completely suitable for mass production and application, and has profound influence on the development of the cognitive dimension and depth in the fields of spectroscopy, materials science, biology, medical imaging, environmental science, information science, astrophysics, plasma physics and the like.

Description

Terahertz wave radiation source based on graphene material
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of terahertz waves, and particularly relates to a novel terahertz radiation source based on graphene and a graphene composite material thereof.
Background
Terahertz waves (THz), also known as T-rays (T-rays), are electromagnetic radiation between millimeter waves and infrared rays with a frequency in the range of 0.1 to 10THz (wavelength 30 μm to 3 mm), are the leading-edge field of technology in electromagnetic spectroscopy research at present, and are also a band that is hardly developed. In recent years, with the progress and intensive research of scientific technology, it is found that due to the special position of the spectrum of the terahertz wave, the optical properties of the spectrum, such as emission, reflection, transmission and the like, contain abundant physical and chemical information, and the terahertz wave can be used as a complementary tool of a Fourier transform infrared spectrum technology and an X-ray technology, is particularly more important for the development of novel fields, such as semiconductors, plasmas, biological materials and the like, and meets special requirements.
Terahertz waves have several unique properties in addition to the properties of electromagnetic waves. The terahertz wave band has the characteristics of coherence, low energy, selectivity, high penetrability and the like, and the characteristics endow huge potential in the basic field and other special fields. In the aspects of medical diagnosis and biotechnology, as the vibration frequency and the rotation energy level of a plurality of biomacromolecules are positioned in the terahertz wave energy waveband, the terahertz wave technology can be utilized to obtain abundant physical and chemical characteristic information fingerprint spectrums and obtain real biological substance information, mainly because the terahertz wave photon energy is only one millionth of the X-ray energy (1/10)6) Can not cause ionization injury of organisms. Based on the high selectivity and low energy property, the terahertz wave is laid to have irreplaceable advantages in biological research, life science and medicine. .
The terahertz has strong penetrating power, can detect metal and dangerous objects such as nonmetal, colloid, powder, ceramic, liquid and the like carried by a human body and can be systematically identified, can be used as a safe human body inspection technology, can realize the detection of forbidden safety objects such as smuggled drugs, guns, explosives and the like, can be well applied to the fields of airports, high-speed rails, frontier defense and the like, and has great significance for ensuring the safety of public society and maintaining the stability of national defense. The terahertz is provided with the 'wall-through technology' which can detect weapons hidden behind walls, disguise buried personnel, display equipment such as tanks and artillery in sand dust or smoke, detect underground mine field plastic bombs, fluid explosives, human bombs and the like, and greatly improve the fighting capacity of combat troops and the roadway fighting capacity of troops. In addition, the terahertz wave has the advantages of large communication transmission quantity, high domain frequency spectrum signal-to-noise ratio and high safety, is several times or even thousands times faster than the current ultra-wideband technology, determines the development level of the fields of high-precision secret communication, inter-satellite broadband communication, radar and the like, and influences national defense and military strength. Recent reports also indicate that the terahertz wave is more time-efficient, non-contact and accurate in qualitative and quantitative analysis of other air pollutants such as PM 2.5. Because of its great development potential and uniqueness, the 2004 year-2004 terahertz wave was evaluated as one of ten major technologies that change the future world in the united states, and was listed as the first and vigorous research and development of ten major strategic targets of national pillars in 2005 in japan. Terahertz waves have been developed as one of the most important emerging subjects, and the development of the terahertz waves necessarily further limits the comprehensive strength of national science and technology and the quality of national life. In addition, the method has wide application prospect and academic value in the fields of astrophysics, plasma physics, spectroscopy, materials science, biology, medical imaging, environmental science, information science and the like. At present, the research on terahertz wave technology is gradually developed in China, and corresponding subjects are more and more comprehensive, but most of the terahertz wave technology is still in the initial stage.
Currently, the terahertz wave research technology mainly includes research on a terahertz wave generating source and a detection element thereof, physical and chemical characterization of a terahertz wave band, terahertz wave imaging, and the like. As is well known, the generation, regulation and measurement of terahertz waves in terahertz wave technology are very difficult, wherein the biggest barrier is to obtain terahertz wave radiation with high flux, high stability, high output power and low cost. Terahertz wave bands are related to electronic and optical properties, and corresponding generation sources can also be derived from both methods. Electronic methods are mainly used to up-convert millimeter waves to terahertz waves, for example: common Backward Wave Oscillators (BWO) can produce coherent output with continuously tuned frequency in the sub-terahertz region, but when the frequency exceeds 1THz, the output power and operating efficiency drop dramatically and the lifetime is short. Electronic-based methods also include frequency multipliers, Gunn oscillators, Bloch oscillators, Quantum Cascade Lasers (QCLs), Free Electron Lasers (FELs), and the like, which have the advantages of small size, compact structure, and the like, but due to the limitations of the processes and some core devices, only terahertz waves with a frequency of less than 1THz are often obtained. Terahertz coherent radiation sources based on semiconductor technology are developed rapidly and are considered to have a promising future, but at present, the terahertz coherent radiation sources are low in conversion efficiency and output power and can only operate under the conditions of ultralow temperature, large current and strong magnetic field. In addition, the quantum cascade laser known as the revolution of the middle and far infrared band laser technology only outputs terahertz waves with milliwatt power even if the temperature is used for developing the liquid nitrogen temperature through the energy band design, and is also restricted by the problems of complex growth technology, large working threshold current density, lower radiation frequency, serious optical loss and the like.
In the aspect of photonics, a photonics method is used for converting photon waves into terahertz waves in a down-conversion mode, the terahertz waves generated by the method have good directivity and coherence, and the frequency range can cover the whole terahertz wave band. The first researchers used high-pressure mercury lamps, and the output power in the range of 0-2 THz could reach 70 μ W. Currently, optical methods mainly include terahertz wave gas lasers, ultrashort laser pulses, optical rectification capable of generating broadband subpicosecond terahertz radiation, photoconduction, plasma four-wave mixing, and the like, and nonlinear optical difference frequencies. However, most of the existing application problems are that the energy conversion efficiency is not high, the energy loss is large, the system level element is very large, the system level element is complex and the price is high, etc.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the above knowledge, it is found that there are inherent short ribs in terahertz wave sources obtained by either an electronic method or an optical method. The invention provides a brand-new terahertz wave source for the first time aiming at the problems of the existing terahertz wave source, directly uses graphene or a graphene composite material as a material and a main component of the terahertz wave source with the output frequency range of 0.1-10 THz, and solves the technical problems and application bottlenecks of the terahertz wave source in the prior art, such as complexity of components, high manufacturing cost, high preparation precision, low conversion efficiency, poor adjustability and the like.
The invention provides a terahertz wave radiation source based on a graphene material, which consists of a radiation element taking graphene or/and a graphene composite material as a main body, can radiate terahertz waves with the frequency of 0.1-10 THz under the electrified condition, and comprises the following components: the basic semiconductor layer is prepared from graphene or/and a graphene composite material and used for electrically exciting emission waves with the wavelength of mum-mm and providing a terahertz wave base source, wherein the basic semiconductor layer is formed on a base material, and the base material is provided with a surface; the metal compound, the adhesive resin, the conductive agent and the dispersion coupling agent form a transition transmission interaction layer of electromagnetic waves, the metal compound provides collision, enhancement and interference interaction for the electromagnetic waves to form terahertz waves, the adhesive resin is used for transmission interference of the electromagnetic waves and is used as a support body, the conductive agent is used for conductivity, and the dispersion coupling agent provides auxiliary dispersion stability; the graphene magnetic field emission layer is composed of graphene or/and a graphene composite material, is used for electrically exciting graphene surface plasmas, forms a graphene magnetic field with frequency modulation and emission functions, and has the same effect as a basic semiconductor layer and provides the same or different terahertz wave base source electromagnetic waves.
The graphene material comprises single layers, multiple layers, composite layers and blends, and the graphene composite material comprises physically and chemically modified graphene, graphite, carbon black, carbon nanotubes, carbon fibers, other carbon allotropes and one or more of the graphene-blended composite materials. The preparation method of the graphene comprises a single-layer or multi-layer graphene material prepared by an oxidation-reduction method, a Hummer method, a modified Hummer method, a mechanical stripping method, an electrical stripping method, epitaxial growth and a vapor deposition method, and the graphene material obtained by the derivation method. The physical modification method of graphene comprises mechanical ball milling, sanding and plasma treatment; chemical modifications include, but are not limited to, element doping, surface active group introduction, surface modification, amine functionalization, and combinations of such physical and chemical methods of preparation.
The metal compound in the transition transmission interaction layer refers to one or more compounds of oxides, chlorides, sulfides and carbonates of metal elements, the metal elements comprise one or more compounds of transition metals, metalloids, alkali metals and alkaline earth metals, the optimized metal compound is metal oxide TiO2, the bonding resin comprises one or more thermosetting and thermoplastic resins of phenolic resin, epoxy resin, amino resin, polyurethane, acrylic resin, polyesters and organic silicon, the optimized metal compound is epoxy resin, and the material proportion and basic parameters of the transmission interaction layer are as follows: 10-40 wt% of transition metal compound powder; 1-30 wt% of adhesive resin; 0.5 to 5 weight percent of dispersing coupling agent; 0.5 to 25 weight percent of conductive agent; the thickness of the transmission layer is more than or equal to 0.5 μm. The graphene magnetic field emission layer is constructed by compounding one or more of planar plate-shaped, curved plate-shaped, concave, conical, cylindrical, pin-shaped, rod-shaped or polygonal structures.
The graphene or/and graphene composite material is transferred and loaded on a substrate in a screen printing, extrusion coating, roller coating, wire bar coating, intaglio printing, letterpress printing, electrodeposition, electrophoresis or spraying mode, and the substrate is a rigid substrate or a flexible substrate.
On the whole, a terahertz wave radiation source based on graphene materials comprises a basic semiconductor layer (set A), a transition transmission interaction layer (set B) and a graphene magnetic field emission layer (set C), the arrangement mode can be one of ABC, AB and AC or any collocation and repeated arrangement between ABC, AB and AC to form an emission source, the included angle range of the arrangement angles of the components is 0-180 degrees, the components can be arranged side by side, in series and stacked according to needs to obtain terahertz waves with required dimensionality and volume meeting specific power and specific frequency range, the overall dimension of the radiation source formed can be expanded to 20 micrometers at the minimum, and the radiation source is not limited at the maximum. The maximum dominant temperature of the working condition can be 12V at room temperature, the operating temperature range is 10K-1573K, the working voltage range is 1-10000V, and the average power per square centimeter is output from several mu W-several million mW.
The outstanding technical effects of the invention compared with the prior art are explained in detail as follows:
(1) The invention provides a brand-new terahertz wave source for the first time, and a main body component is a transition transmission interaction layer consisting of a structural unit formed by graphene and graphene composite materials and a transition metal compound. The emission source has the advantages of simple manufacture, simple and convenient composition, short growth period, small processing requirement precision and the like, and can be completely applied to the existing market service society in a large scale.
(2) The radiation source provided by the invention completely comprises the whole terahertz wave frequency range, covers the whole 0.1-10 THz area, is a real terahertz wave, and can obtain the terahertz wave with the frequency below 1THz by a common electronic method. To a certain extent, the terahertz wave source composed of the graphene and the graphene composite material thereof provided by the invention does not belong to the scope of electron optical methods, does not belong to an optical emission source method, and is an emission mechanism directly acting on wave bands in an infrared region and a microwave region, so that higher conversion efficiency can be ensured. The conversion efficiency of the method can reach 10 < -4 > to 10 < -2 >, and is improved by 1-2 orders of magnitude compared with the conversion efficiency of an optical method.
(3) The radiation source provided by the invention can be expanded to direct current and alternating current, has low working voltage, and can generate terahertz waves with the power of more than mW even if the direct current is less than 24V, which is a level which cannot be reached by the terahertz wave radiation element in the prior art, and compared with the existing terahertz wave source, the terahertz wave radiation element does not need to work under ultrahigh voltage and current. In addition, compared with a quantum cascade laser terahertz wave source which needs liquid nitrogen cooling work, the terahertz wave source can be stably produced without a specific cooling system at room temperature, so that the terahertz wave source can be expected to be applied to the application fields of safety guarantee, biology, environment, communication and the like which utilize terahertz waves for a long time in a large scale and all time, and make greater contribution to development and progress of the terahertz wave source.
(4) The terahertz wave source constructed by the invention has the advantages of simple structure, single component, high flexibility and adjustability, and can be suitable for the strict requirements of ultra-thin, compactness, arbitrary radian, dimensionality and the like. The overall structure scale can reach millimeter scale, and the average transmitted terahertz wave power can reach mW level, which is a level that cannot be reached by other terahertz wave sources. In addition, because an additional light source and a specific light path are not required, the size can be expanded to any size by microscopic adjustment to be suitable for a special field.
(5) The preferred terahertz wave source can provide an ultrathin and ultralight terahertz wave emission source, and is particularly suitable for being used in special fields such as portable fields, outdoor fields and handheld fields. Because the provided terahertz wave source body is prepared from low-density inorganic nonmetallic materials, a small amount of transition metal compounds and organic polymers, the portability of the terahertz wave source body is maintained even under large size and large dimension.
(6) the terahertz wave source constructed by the invention can realize ordered adjustment in the frequency range of 0.1-10 THz, is convenient to adjust, and has an adjustable wavelength range. The method mainly utilizes the excellent photoelectric characteristics of graphene and graphene composite materials thereof, and more importantly, utilizes the fact that graphene is a high-efficiency high-flux frequency modulator (realized by adjusting the Fermi level of graphene) at room temperature. In addition, the invention also provides a method for adjusting terahertz waves by adjusting the applied voltage of the layer, the three-dimensional direction between the semiconductor base layer and the graphene magnetic field and the type of the transmission interaction layer.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the terahertz wave source shown in example 1, in which the terahertz wave source is an element having a three-layer macrostructure, a layer a is a semiconductor base layer, B is a transmission interaction layer containing a transition metal chemical, and C is a graphene magnetic field emission layer.
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the change of the mean power of the terahertz wave with time parameters in the range of 0.1 to 10THz of the frequency emitted by the terahertz wave radiation source prepared according to example 1, wherein the working voltage of the radiation source is 24V direct current, the area is 400 x 400mm, and the overall thickness is 2 mm. The terahertz wave source is composed of three layers of elements with macroscopic structures, wherein the layer A is a semiconductor base layer with the thickness of 0.8mm, the layer B is a TiO2 transmission interaction layer with the thickness of 0.4mm, and the layer C is a graphene magnetic field emission layer with a concave structure with the thickness of 0.8 mm. Under the test conditions, a silicon chip window with the diameter of 22mm is added in front of a terahertz wave source, the distance between the terahertz wave source and a terahertz wave detector is 120mm, and the frequency of a wave folder is 61.6 Hz.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific examples and drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the examples.
Example 1
Firstly, a graphene semiconductor base layer is constructed in a chemical vapor deposition mode, then the Fermi level of graphene is adjusted through chemical nitrogen doping to realize the characteristics of a graphene semiconductor, and then the graphene semiconductor base layer is transferred to a polyester PET film to form a conductive network layer with a certain structure. The graphene mainly comprises single-layer graphene and a small amount of multi-layer graphene, and forms a semiconductor base layer A.
The material of the transmission interaction layer is preferably TiO metal compound2The nano oxide layer and the bonding resin are high-density polyethylene materials. The material ratio and basic parameters of the transmission interactive layer are as follows: 15 wt% of transition metal compound powder, 45wt% of binding resin, 2 wt% of dispersion coupling agent, 38 wt% of conductive agent and 0.4mm thick transmission layer, and the mark is layer B.
Graphene magnetic field emission layers in the terahertz wave source are formed by performing surface organic silicon modification treatment on graphene with a single layer rate of 80% and then coating the graphene into a concave template by an electrophoresis graphene paint method to construct a multi-dimensional graphene magnetic field C layer.
And (3) adjusting the A layer and the C layer of the prepared ABC layer to 10 degrees in a macroscopic mode to obtain a main emission window, then switching 24V direct current between the A layer and the C layer, and obtaining the average power of the THz terahertz waves with the frequency of 0.1-10 mW at the working temperature of 100 ℃. Test report certificate number: gfjgjjl 1008180234006, national defense science and technology industry optics primary metering station (optics calibration testing laboratory of the institute of optics, west ampere). The test condition is that a silicon chip window with the diameter of 22mm is added in front of the terahertz wave source; the distance between the terahertz wave source and the terahertz wave emitter is 120 mm; chopper frequency 61.6 Hz; terahertz wave radiation power meter, certificate number: GXjg 2017-1690. Technical documentation for calibration: JJF (military) 118-2016 terahertz wave radiation parameter calibration specification
Example 2
The method comprises the steps of constructing a graphene semiconductor base layer by adopting an electrodeposition method, adding melamine to carry out nitrogen doping in the electrodeposition process, directly transferring the nitrogen doped graphene semiconductor base layer into an epoxy resin plate, and processing the nitrogen doped graphene semiconductor base layer to form a conductive network layer of a structure. The single-layer rate of the active graphene in the electrodeposition liquid reaches 90%, and the other layers are multi-layer graphene to form a semiconductor base layer A.
Transport interaction layer material optimizationThe metal compound being TiO2The nano oxide layer and the bonding resin are high-density polyethylene materials. The material ratio and basic parameters of the transmission interactive layer are as follows: 20 wt% of transition metal compound powder, 40wt% of binding resin, 2 wt% of dispersion coupling agent, 0.5 wt% of conductive agent, and 0.4mm thick transmission layer, and is marked as layer B.
Graphene magnetic field emission layers in the terahertz wave source are formed by performing surface organic silicon modification treatment on graphene with a single layer rate of 80% and then coating the graphene into a concave template by an electrophoresis graphene paint method to construct a multi-dimensional graphene magnetic field C layer.
And (3) adjusting the A layer and the C layer of the prepared ABC layer to be 15 degrees in a macroscopic view to obtain a main emission window, then accessing 220V alternating current to each layer, and obtaining the average power of the THz wave with the frequency of 0.1-10 mW at room temperature, wherein the average power is 3.360 mW.
Example 3
The graphene slurry is printed into a ceramic substrate by adopting a screen printing mode, metal nano elements are introduced to modify graphene by an electroplating mode, and then a conductive network layer of the structure is formed by processing. The single-layer rate of the graphene slurry reaches 99%, and the other graphene layers are multilayer graphene to form a semiconductor base layer A.
The material of the transmission interaction layer is preferably CaCO as the metal compound3The nano oxide layer and the bonding resin are low-temperature resistant materials. The material ratio and basic parameters of the transmission interactive layer are as follows: 20 wt% of transition metal compound powder, 40wt% of binding resin, 2 wt% of dispersion coupling agent, 0.5 wt% of conductive agent, and 0.4mm thick transmission layer, and is marked as layer B.
Graphene magnetic field emission layers in the terahertz wave source are formed by performing surface organic silicon modification treatment on graphene with a single layer rate of 80% and then directly spraying the graphene magnetic field emission layers to polyester materials in a spraying mode to construct a multi-dimensional graphene magnetic field C layer.
And (3) adjusting the A layer and the C layer of the prepared ABC layer to be 15 degrees in a macroscopic mode to obtain a main emission window, then accessing 220V alternating current to each layer, and obtaining the average power of the THz wave with the frequency of 0.1-10 mW at the working temperature of-30 ℃.

Claims (9)

1. A terahertz wave radiation source based on graphene materials is composed of radiation elements taking graphene or/and graphene composite materials as main bodies, and can radiate terahertz waves with the frequency within the range of 0.1-10 THz under the condition of electrification, and the terahertz wave radiation source comprises: the basic semiconductor layer is prepared from graphene or/and a graphene composite material and used for electrically exciting emission waves with the wavelength of mum-mm and providing a terahertz wave base source, wherein the basic semiconductor layer is formed on a base material, and the base material is provided with a surface; the metal compound, the adhesive resin, the conductive agent and the dispersion coupling agent form a transition transmission interaction layer of electromagnetic waves, the metal compound provides collision, enhancement and interference interaction for the electromagnetic waves to form terahertz waves, the adhesive resin is used for transmission interference of the electromagnetic waves and is used as a support body, the conductive agent is used for conductivity, and the dispersion coupling agent provides auxiliary dispersion stability; the graphene magnetic field emission layer is composed of graphene or/and a graphene composite material, is used for electrically exciting graphene surface plasmas, forms a graphene magnetic field with frequency modulation and emission functions, and has the same effect as a basic semiconductor layer and provides the same or different terahertz wave base source electromagnetic waves.
2. The terahertz wave radiation source based on the graphene material, according to claim 1, is characterized in that the graphene material comprises a single layer, a plurality of layers, a composite layer and an admixture, and the graphene composite material comprises physically and chemically modified graphene, graphite, carbon black, carbon nanotubes, carbon fibers, other carbon allotropes and one or more of the graphene-blended composite materials.
3. The terahertz wave radiation source based on the graphene material as claimed in claim 2, wherein the graphene is prepared by a method including but not limited to a single-layer or multi-layer graphene material prepared by a redox method, a Hummer method, a modified Hummer method, a mechanical stripping method, an electrical stripping method, an epitaxial growth method, a vapor deposition method, and a graphene material obtained by the above derivation method.
4. The terahertz wave radiation source based on the graphene material as claimed in claim 2, wherein the physical modification method of graphene includes but is not limited to mechanical ball milling, sand milling, plasma treatment, the chemical modification includes but is not limited to element doping, surface active group introduction, surface modification, amine functionalization, and the combination of physical and chemical methods.
5. The terahertz wave radiation source based on graphene material of claim 1, wherein the metal compound refers to one or more of the complex of oxide, chloride, sulfide and carbonate of metal elements, the metal elements include one or more of transition metal, metalloid, alkali metal and alkaline earth metal, the binding resin includes but is not limited to thermosetting and thermoplastic resin of one or more of phenolic resin, epoxy resin, amino resin, polyurethane, acrylic resin, polyester and organic silicon, and the material composition and basic parameters of the transmission interaction layer are as follows: 10-40 wt% of transition metal compound powder; 1-30 wt% of adhesive resin; 0.5 to 5 weight percent of dispersing coupling agent; 0.5 to 25 weight percent of conductive agent; the thickness of the transmission layer is more than or equal to 0.5 μm.
6. The terahertz wave radiation source based on graphene materials as claimed in claim 1, wherein the structure of the graphene magnetic field emission layer comprises a planar plate, a curved plate, a concave, a convex, a conical, a cylindrical, a tubular, a rod or a polygonal structure.
7. The terahertz wave radiation source based on the graphene material, according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the graphene or/and graphene composite material is transfer-loaded on a substrate in a screen printing mode, an extrusion coating mode, a roll coating mode, a wire bar coating mode, a gravure printing mode, a letterpress printing mode, an electrodeposition mode, an electrophoresis mode or a spraying mode, and the substrate is a rigid substrate or a flexible substrate.
8. The terahertz wave radiation source based on the graphene material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the basic semiconductor layer (set A), the transition transmission interaction layer (set B) and the graphene magnetic field emission layer (set C) are arranged in a mode of any combination and repeated arrangement of ABC, AB and AC, the included angle of the arrangement angle of the components ranges from 0 to 180 degrees, the components can be arranged side by side, in series and stacked according to needs to obtain terahertz waves with required dimension and volume meeting specific power and specific frequency range, and the overall minimum dimension of the radiation source can be expanded to 20 μm and is not limited at most.
9. The terahertz wave radiation source based on graphene materials as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, which has an operating temperature of 10K to 1573K, an operating voltage of 1 to 10000V, and an output of several μ W to several million mW per square centimeter.
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CN111154264A (en) * 2020-01-06 2020-05-15 四川大学 Flexible terahertz dynamic regulation and control material based on stress driving and preparation method thereof
CN111404604A (en) * 2020-03-06 2020-07-10 杭州高烯科技有限公司 Intermediate infrared communication device
CN113185829A (en) * 2021-06-03 2021-07-30 苏州星起源新材料科技有限公司 Broadband terahertz wave-absorbing material and preparation method thereof
CN114004833A (en) * 2021-12-30 2022-02-01 首都师范大学 Composite material terahertz imaging resolution enhancement method, device, equipment and medium
CN114421260A (en) * 2021-12-08 2022-04-29 中国航天科工集团第二研究院 Terahertz wave generation system and method

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