CN110575168A - Magnetic resonance imaging apparatus, magnetic resonance imaging method, and magnetic resonance imaging system - Google Patents
Magnetic resonance imaging apparatus, magnetic resonance imaging method, and magnetic resonance imaging system Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN110575168A CN110575168A CN201810595898.XA CN201810595898A CN110575168A CN 110575168 A CN110575168 A CN 110575168A CN 201810595898 A CN201810595898 A CN 201810595898A CN 110575168 A CN110575168 A CN 110575168A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- image
- scanning
- magnetic resonance
- resonance imaging
- region
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/0033—Features or image-related aspects of imaging apparatus classified in A61B5/00, e.g. for MRI, optical tomography or impedance tomography apparatus; arrangements of imaging apparatus in a room
- A61B5/004—Features or image-related aspects of imaging apparatus classified in A61B5/00, e.g. for MRI, optical tomography or impedance tomography apparatus; arrangements of imaging apparatus in a room adapted for image acquisition of a particular organ or body part
- A61B5/0042—Features or image-related aspects of imaging apparatus classified in A61B5/00, e.g. for MRI, optical tomography or impedance tomography apparatus; arrangements of imaging apparatus in a room adapted for image acquisition of a particular organ or body part for the brain
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/0033—Features or image-related aspects of imaging apparatus classified in A61B5/00, e.g. for MRI, optical tomography or impedance tomography apparatus; arrangements of imaging apparatus in a room
- A61B5/004—Features or image-related aspects of imaging apparatus classified in A61B5/00, e.g. for MRI, optical tomography or impedance tomography apparatus; arrangements of imaging apparatus in a room adapted for image acquisition of a particular organ or body part
- A61B5/0044—Features or image-related aspects of imaging apparatus classified in A61B5/00, e.g. for MRI, optical tomography or impedance tomography apparatus; arrangements of imaging apparatus in a room adapted for image acquisition of a particular organ or body part for the heart
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/05—Detecting, measuring or recording for diagnosis by means of electric currents or magnetic fields; Measuring using microwaves or radio waves
- A61B5/055—Detecting, measuring or recording for diagnosis by means of electric currents or magnetic fields; Measuring using microwaves or radio waves involving electronic [EMR] or nuclear [NMR] magnetic resonance, e.g. magnetic resonance imaging
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B2576/00—Medical imaging apparatus involving image processing or analysis
- A61B2576/02—Medical imaging apparatus involving image processing or analysis specially adapted for a particular organ or body part
- A61B2576/023—Medical imaging apparatus involving image processing or analysis specially adapted for a particular organ or body part for the heart
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B2576/00—Medical imaging apparatus involving image processing or analysis
- A61B2576/02—Medical imaging apparatus involving image processing or analysis specially adapted for a particular organ or body part
- A61B2576/026—Medical imaging apparatus involving image processing or analysis specially adapted for a particular organ or body part for the brain
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Radiology & Medical Imaging (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Medical Informatics (AREA)
- Biophysics (AREA)
- Surgery (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
- Neurology (AREA)
- Cardiology (AREA)
- Magnetic Resonance Imaging Apparatus (AREA)
Abstract
The magnetic resonance imaging apparatus according to the present invention is characterized by comprising: a scanning unit that scans a scanning target in one or more scanning sequences to acquire a three-dimensional image; and a first imaging processing unit configured to perform imaging processing on the three-dimensional image acquired by the scanning unit based on a first parameter set for a predetermined scan sequence of the one or more scan sequences, so as to image a first image in which a component of the scan target indicated by the first parameter is highlighted.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a magnetic resonance imaging apparatus, a magnetic resonance imaging method, and a magnetic resonance imaging system.
Background
Currently, patterned slice positioning is widely used in magnetic resonance imaging. The imaging slice positioning is a graphical interface based on a reference image, which can be visualized and define imaging scanning objects such as slice groups of a magnetic resonance scanning.
In the prior art, the current mri imaging slice positioning generally adopts a two-dimensional imaging positioning mode, that is, positioning images respectively displayed on three windows are, for example, coronal plane, sagittal plane, and cross-section positioning images, a graphical scanning object is moved by dragging with a mouse in each two-dimensional view of a graphical interface, the scanning object is enlarged, reduced, increased, and deleted, the projections of the graphical scanning object on the positioning image plane which are mutually associated are adjusted, and then the positioning of the graphical scanning object, that is, the position, the direction, and the like of a slice on the scanned object to be inspected are changed in a three-dimensional space.
However, such prior two-dimensional graphical positioning does not provide a three-dimensional reference image to provide an intuitive slice positioning display for the operator. The adjustment of the positioning in the two-dimensional positioning image by the operator in order to obtain the target patterned slice positioning will correspondingly change the positioning of the slice in the three-dimensional space, however, the position, orientation, etc. of the slice in the three-dimensional space require the operator to decide on his own whether the target region (sometimes referred to as region of interest ROI) is covered and meets the requirements according to the projection of the two-dimensional positioning image. However, the existing two-dimensional graphical positioning mode has the defects that the display and the operation are not visual, the study period of a novice is long, the operation is not easy, and the like. Furthermore, the current magnetic resonance imaging positioning generally adopts a two-dimensional imaging slice positioning mode, and an operator needs to position on a two-dimensional plane and imagine a scene back projected onto a three-dimensional space. This operation mode is not intuitive, and needs to be adjusted repeatedly to achieve the ideal effect, and has poor operability and long time consumption.
In addition, recently, a technical solution for improving the scheme is also proposed, namely, an operation result is presented through three-dimensional visualization, a plurality of three-dimensional image operation tools are provided to directly operate the graphical scanning objects in a three-dimensional image space, and a region of interest is set.
However, in this improved technique, although a three-dimensional reference image can be obtained, only the approximate position in space and the like can be known from such a three-dimensional reference image, and the detailed information of the intersection region of the three-dimensional reference image and the region of interest cannot be known, and the user cannot intuitively determine whether or not the region of interest is set in the region that the user desires to pay attention to.
In addition, in MR scanning, there are many types of scanning sequences, for example, a scanning sequence DWI is often used in the detection of acute cerebral infarction, where localization of the DWI scanning sequence requires referencing of the location of soft brain tissue, such as the anterior-posterior union of the brain (AC-PC), a scanning sequence ASL can be used for intracerebral perfusion imaging, where localization of the ASL scanning sequence requires referencing of the location of the cerebral vessels, where localization of the scanning sequence CSF requires referencing of the location of effusions, plaques, edema, and the like. That is, the constituent tissues of the object of interest (to be referred to) at the time of positioning different scan sequences (organs such as liver, tissues such as gray brain, cerebral blood vessels, etc.) are different. Therefore, in order to view different constituent tissues of the scanning target (organs such as liver, tissues such as gray brain, cerebral blood vessels, etc.), it is necessary to perform differentiated three-dimensional rendering so as to blank or weaken the display of the constituent parts of the scanning target that are not required to be viewed, and to highlight (highlight) the constituent parts of the scanning target that are required to be viewed. For example, when the tissue such as the gray matter of brain and the white matter of brain needs to be seen, the surface of the skull needs to be blanked by performing 3D rendering, otherwise, the tissue such as the gray matter of brain and the white matter of brain cannot be observed.
However, in the prior art, there is no technique for automatically performing 3D rendering according to different objects of interest of a scan sequence.
In addition, at present, when performing an operation such as a saturation operation, a scanning operation, a marking operation, or a pre-saturation operation, it is necessary to accurately locate a constituent part of a scanning object to be operated, to be able to accurately judge detailed information of a portion where a region of interest intersects with a three-dimensional image of the scanning object, and to be able to accurately judge a relative positional relationship between the region of interest and the constituent part of the scanning object.
In addition, in recent years, in magnetic resonance imaging, local excitation pulse imaging becomes a hot spot, and in subsequent magnetic resonance imaging, small-field high-resolution imaging is expected. However, in order to realize local excitation pulse imaging with small visual field and high resolution, the current magnetic resonance imaging technology has the following problems that visual detailed information of a view is lacked, and adjustment is performed only depending on the spatial imagination of a user to perform positioning and next scanning; moreover, precise positioning of small areas cannot be provided.
Disclosure of Invention
the present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a magnetic resonance imaging apparatus, a magnetic resonance imaging method, and a magnetic resonance imaging system that can accurately locate a component of a scan target to be operated, can accurately determine detail information of a portion where a region of interest intersects a three-dimensional image of the scan target, can accurately determine a relative positional relationship between the region of interest and the component of the scan target, can provide intuitive view detail information, and can locate the region of interest with high accuracy even in the case of a complicated anatomical structure or the location of a small region.
The magnetic resonance imaging apparatus according to the present invention is characterized by comprising: a scanning unit that scans a scanning target in one or more scanning sequences to acquire a three-dimensional image; and a first imaging processing unit configured to perform imaging processing on the three-dimensional image acquired by the scanning unit based on a first parameter set for a predetermined scan sequence of the one or more scan sequences, so as to image a first image in which a component of the scan target indicated by the first parameter is highlighted.
In the magnetic resonance imaging apparatus according to the present invention, the first parameter indicates a component of the scan target that is of interest when the scan target is scanned in the predetermined scan sequence.
In addition, a magnetic resonance imaging apparatus according to the present invention further includes: a region-of-interest setting section that sets a region of interest in the first image; and a second imaging processing unit that performs imaging processing on the first image in which the region of interest is set by the region of interest setting unit, based on a second parameter indicating a target portion of a component in the scanning target, to image a second image in which the region of interest, the target portion of the component in the scanning target, and another portion other than the target portion of the component in the scanning target are displayed in a differentiated manner.
In the magnetic resonance imaging apparatus according to the present invention, the second imaging processing unit performs imaging processing to image a second image in which an intersection region of the region of interest and the first image is highlighted.
Further, a magnetic resonance imaging apparatus according to the present invention includes: a region-of-interest setting section that sets a region of interest in the first image; and a second imaging processing unit that performs imaging processing to image a second image in which an intersection region of the region of interest and the first image is highlighted.
In the magnetic resonance imaging apparatus according to the present invention, the region of interest is a region to be subjected to one or more of a scanning operation, a saturation operation, a labeling operation, and a pre-saturation operation.
In the magnetic resonance imaging apparatus according to the present invention, the first parameter and the second parameter are the same.
The magnetic resonance imaging method according to the present invention includes: scanning, namely scanning a scanning object by more than one scanning sequence to obtain a three-dimensional image; and a first imaging processing step of performing imaging processing on the three-dimensional image acquired by the scanning step in accordance with a first parameter set for a predetermined scanning sequence of one or more scanning sequences to image a first image in which a constituent portion of the scanning target indicated by the first parameter is highlighted.
The magnetic resonance imaging system according to the present invention is characterized by comprising: the scanning unit scans a scanning object by more than one scanning sequence to acquire a three-dimensional image; and a first imaging processing module that performs imaging processing on the three-dimensional image acquired by the scanning unit in accordance with a first parameter set for a predetermined scanning sequence of the one or more scanning sequences to image a first image in which a constituent portion of the scanning target indicated by the first parameter is highlighted.
ADVANTAGEOUS EFFECTS OF INVENTION
The magnetic resonance imaging device, the magnetic resonance imaging method and the magnetic resonance imaging system provided by the invention can accurately position a structural part of a scanning object to be operated, can accurately judge detail information of a part where a region of interest and a three-dimensional image of the scanning object intersect, can accurately judge relative position relation of the region of interest and the structural part of the scanning object, can provide intuitive view detail information, and can position the region of interest with high precision even if a complex anatomical structure or a small region is positioned.
drawings
Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a magnetic resonance imaging apparatus according to a first embodiment.
Fig. 2 is a flowchart of a magnetic resonance imaging method performed by the magnetic resonance imaging apparatus according to the first embodiment.
Fig. 3 is a block diagram of a magnetic resonance imaging apparatus according to a second embodiment.
Fig. 4 is a flowchart of a magnetic resonance imaging method performed by the magnetic resonance imaging apparatus according to the second embodiment.
Fig. 5A and 5B are schematic diagrams of a display example of a magnetic resonance imaging apparatus according to a second embodiment.
Fig. 6 is a flowchart of a magnetic resonance imaging method performed by a magnetic resonance imaging apparatus according to a modification of the second embodiment.
Fig. 7A to 7D are schematic diagrams of a display example of a magnetic resonance imaging apparatus according to a modification of the second embodiment.
Fig. 8 is a flowchart of a magnetic resonance imaging method performed by the magnetic resonance imaging apparatus according to the third embodiment.
Fig. 9A to 9D are schematic diagrams of a display example of a magnetic resonance imaging apparatus according to a third embodiment.
Fig. 10 is a diagram showing one example of a magnetic resonance imaging apparatus of the present invention.
Description of the symbols
100. 100A magnetic resonance imaging apparatus
101 scanning unit
102 first image forming process section
103 region of interest setting unit
104 second image processing section
Detailed Description
The embodiments are described below with reference to the drawings. The embodiments to be described below are all specific examples of the present invention. Therefore, the numerical values, shapes, dimensions, components, arrangement positions of components, connection modes, and the like shown in the following embodiments are merely examples, and the present invention is not limited thereto. Therefore, among the components of the following embodiments, components that are not described in the technical means illustrating the highest concept of the present invention will be described as arbitrary components.
In the drawings, substantially the same components are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description may be omitted or simplified.
(first embodiment)
The magnetic resonance imaging apparatus 100 according to the first embodiment will be explained below.
[ constitution of magnetic resonance imaging apparatus 100 ]
First, a magnetic resonance imaging apparatus 100 according to a first embodiment will be described with reference to fig. 1 and 2. Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a magnetic resonance imaging apparatus 100 according to a first embodiment. Fig. 2 is a flowchart of a magnetic resonance imaging method performed by the magnetic resonance imaging apparatus 100 according to the first embodiment.
In addition, the magnetic resonance imaging apparatus 100 includes various components, and only components related to the technical idea of the present invention are shown in fig. 1, and other components are omitted.
As shown in fig. 1, a magnetic resonance imaging apparatus 100 includes a scanner 101 and a first imaging processor 102.
The scanner 101 scans a scan target for magnetic resonance imaging (hereinafter, sometimes simply referred to as a scan target), for example, a head of a human, to acquire a three-dimensional image of the scan target. The scanning unit 101 scans a scanning target in one or more scanning sequences. The scan sequence here may be a scan sequence such as a scan sequence DWI, a scan sequence ASL, and a scan sequence CSF. In addition, the scanner 101 may acquire volume data as three-dimensional data. The scanner 101 may acquire a plurality of slice images as three-dimensional data.
In addition, here, the scan sequence may be preset at the time of shipment of the magnetic resonance imaging apparatus 100, may be set as needed before or while the user uses the magnetic resonance imaging apparatus 100, and may be changed as needed during the use of the magnetic resonance imaging apparatus 100 by the user.
The first imaging processing unit 102 performs imaging processing on the three-dimensional image acquired by the scanning unit 101 based on a first parameter set for a predetermined scan sequence of the one or more scan sequences to form a first image in which a component of the scan target indicated by the first parameter is highlighted. Here, the predetermined scan sequence is one of one or more scan sequences used when the scanning unit 101 scans the scanning target. The scanning sequence specified in addition is not limited to one scanning sequence. In addition, a first parameter is set for the predetermined scan sequence, and the first parameter may be, for example, a parameter indicating a component in a scan target that is focused when the scan target is scanned in the predetermined scan sequence.
In addition, the first parameter may be preset at the time of shipment of the magnetic resonance imaging apparatus 100, may be set as needed before or during use of the magnetic resonance imaging apparatus 100 by the user, and may be changed as needed during use of the magnetic resonance imaging apparatus 100 by the user, as in the case of the above-described scan sequence.
although not shown, the magnetic resonance imaging apparatus 100 may be provided with a display unit for displaying the images obtained by the scanner unit 101 and the first imaging processing unit 102, as a matter of course, in a built-in or externally connected manner.
Magnetic resonance imaging method performed by the magnetic resonance imaging apparatus 100
Hereinafter, a magnetic resonance imaging method performed by the magnetic resonance imaging apparatus 100 will be described with reference to fig. 2.
As shown in fig. 2, when the magnetic resonance imaging apparatus 100 starts operating, first, in step S200, the scanner 101 scans the head of a human being as a scanning target to obtain a three-dimensional image of the scanning target, and then, the process proceeds to step S202.
Next, in step S202, the first imaging processing unit 102 performs imaging processing on the three-dimensional image acquired by the scanning unit 101 based on the first parameter set for a predetermined scan sequence of the one or more scan sequences to form a first image in which the component of the scan target indicated by the first parameter is highlighted. Here, the scan sequence and the first parameter are set in advance before the user uses the magnetic resonance imaging apparatus 100, and the processing is terminated thereafter.
Next, a specific example of the first embodiment will be described.
First, the scan sequence and the setting of the first parameter are set in advance before the user uses the magnetic resonance imaging apparatus 100. The predetermined setting is one or more scan sequences including a scan sequence for scanning bony tissues such as bones, soft tissues such as muscles and blood vessels, and aqueous tissues such as edema and effusion. The predetermined scan sequence is set in advance as a scan sequence DWI for imaging gray brain matter and white brain matter. In addition, the predetermined scan sequence is a scan sequence in which a first parameter that is set in advance indicates that a component in a scan target that is a subject of interest when the scan target is scanned in the predetermined scan sequence is a component related to a gray brain matter or a white brain matter.
In addition, when the magnetic resonance imaging apparatus 100 starts operating, the scanner 101 scans the head of a human being as a scanning target, and a three-dimensional image of the scanning target is obtained. Here, for example, the obtained three-dimensional image of the scanning target includes a skull and gray brain matter, white brain matter, cerebral blood vessels, and the like covered by the skull.
Next, the magnetic resonance imaging apparatus 100 performs imaging processing on the three-dimensional image acquired by the scanner 101 by the first imaging processor 102 based on the first parameter set for a predetermined scan sequence (i.e., the scan sequence DWI) of the one or more scan sequences, to form a first image in which the component of the scan target indicated by the first parameter is highlighted. For example, in the first image, the skull surface is not displayed, but the gray matter and white matter portions of the brain indicated by the first parameter set for the predetermined scan sequence, i.e., the scan sequence DWI, are highlighted.
Here, the reason why the skull surface is not displayed is that the first imaging processing unit 102 performs 3D rendering of the three-dimensional image based on the first parameter, and blanks a component of the scan target such as the skull and the cerebral blood vessel that is not necessary to be seen by saturation processing, transparency processing, or cropping processing.
The magnetic resonance imaging apparatus 100 according to the first embodiment can automatically perform imaging processing for 3D rendering of a three-dimensional image according to a predetermined scan sequence, and can intuitively view a tissue of interest, that is, a tissue that needs to be viewed, without requiring a user to perform an operation during scanning. That is, it is realized that different tissues can be automatically rendered according to the difference in the scanning sequence, and the constituent parts of the scanning object to be operated can be automatically and accurately positioned.
(second embodiment)
A magnetic resonance imaging apparatus 100A according to a second embodiment and a modification thereof will be described below with reference to fig. 3 to 7D. Fig. 3 is a block diagram of a magnetic resonance imaging apparatus 100A according to the second embodiment. Fig. 4 is a flowchart of a magnetic resonance imaging method performed by the magnetic resonance imaging apparatus 100A according to the second embodiment. Fig. 5A and 5B are schematic diagrams showing a display example of a magnetic resonance imaging apparatus 100A according to the second embodiment. Fig. 6 is a flowchart of a magnetic resonance imaging method performed by the magnetic resonance imaging apparatus 100A according to the modification of the second embodiment. Fig. 7A to 7D are schematic diagrams of one example of the magnetic resonance imaging apparatus 100A according to the modification of the second embodiment.
[ constitution of magnetic resonance imaging apparatus 100A ]
as compared with the magnetic resonance imaging apparatus 100 according to the first embodiment shown in fig. 1, the magnetic resonance imaging apparatus 100A according to the second embodiment shown in fig. 3 further includes a region of interest setting unit 103 and a second imaging processing unit 104. In the present embodiment, the description of the same components as those of the magnetic resonance imaging apparatus 100 will be omitted.
A region-of-interest setting section 103 for setting a region of interest in the first image. The region of interest setting unit 103 may be a mouse, a keyboard, a joystick, a trackball, a touch panel, a light pen, a voice controller, or other input-enabled device. When the region of interest setting unit 103 is, for example, a touch panel, the region of interest ROI may be set on a three-dimensional image displayed on a display unit, not shown, such as a touch panel, in accordance with an operation of a user, for example, a doctor. In addition, when the region of interest setting unit 103 is a keyboard, the region of interest ROI may be set based on the coordinates of the region of interest output by the user in response to the keyboard operation. Here, the region of interest is a region in which one or more of a scan operation, a saturation operation, a mark operation, and a pre-saturation operation is to be performed.
The second imaging processing unit 104 performs imaging processing on the first image in which the region of interest is set by the region of interest setting unit 103, based on the second parameter, to form a second image in which the region of interest, the target portion of the component in the scanning object, and the other portion other than the target portion of the component in the scanning object are displayed separately.
The second parameter represents a target portion of a component in the scanned object.
similarly to the first parameter, the second parameter may be set in advance at the time of shipment of the magnetic resonance imaging apparatus 100A, may be set as needed before or during use of the magnetic resonance imaging apparatus 100A by the user, and may be changed as needed during use of the magnetic resonance imaging apparatus 100A by the user. In addition, the second parameter may be the same as the first parameter.
Magnetic resonance imaging method performed by the magnetic resonance imaging apparatus 100A
A magnetic resonance imaging method performed by the magnetic resonance imaging apparatus 100A will be described with reference to fig. 4. Here, steps that are the same as those in the flowchart shown in fig. 2 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted.
As shown in fig. 4, after the magnetic resonance imaging apparatus 100A of the present embodiment starts operating, the operations of steps S200 to S202 are executed in the same manner as the magnetic resonance imaging apparatus 100 of the first embodiment, and after the operation of step S202 is ended, the flow proceeds to step S500.
Next, in step S500, the magnetic resonance imaging apparatus 100A sets a region of interest in the first image by the region of interest setting unit 103, and then proceeds to step S502.
In step S502, the second imaging processing unit 104 performs imaging processing on the first image in which the region of interest is set by the region of interest setting unit 103, based on the second parameter, to form a second image in which the region of interest, the target portion of the component in the scanning target, and the other portion other than the target portion of the component in the scanning target are displayed separately, and then ends the processing.
Next, a specific example of the first embodiment will be described with reference to fig. 5A and 5B.
First, the scan sequence and the setting of the first parameter are the same as those described in the first embodiment, and are not described again here. Here, the second parameter is assumed to indicate a component a in the scanning target. The component a is one component of the gray brain matter and white brain matter related image according to the specific example of the first embodiment.
In addition, when the magnetic resonance imaging apparatus 100A starts operating, the scanner 101 scans the head of a human being as a scanning target, thereby obtaining, for example, a three-dimensional image of the scanning target. Here, the obtained three-dimensional image of the scanning target includes the skull and the gray brain matter, white brain matter, cerebral blood vessels, and the like covered by the skull.
Next, the magnetic resonance imaging apparatus 100A performs imaging processing on the three-dimensional image acquired by the scanner 101 by the first imaging processor 102 based on the first parameter set for a predetermined scan sequence (i.e., the scan sequence DWI) of the one or more scan sequences, to form a first image in which the component of the scan target indicated by the first parameter is highlighted. For example, in the first image, the skull surface is not displayed, but the gray matter and white matter portions of the brain indicated by the first parameter set for the predetermined scan sequence, i.e., the scan sequence DWI, are highlighted.
Next, the attention area setting unit 103 sets an attention area in the first image by the user. After the user performs the operation of setting the region of interest, an image showing the region of interest on the first image may be presented to the user, and here, for example, the region of interest set by the user may be indicated by a box on the two-dimensional image of the scanning target as shown in fig. 5A.
Next, the second imaging processing unit 104 performs imaging processing on the first image in which the region of interest is set by the region of interest setting unit 103, based on the second parameter, to form a second image in which the region of interest, the target portion of the component in the scanning target, and the other portions other than the target portion of the component in the scanning target are displayed separately, as shown in fig. 5B.
As shown in fig. 5B, in the second image, the region of interest, the component a which is the target portion of the component in the scanning target based on the preset second parameter, and the component B which is the other portion than the target portion of the component in the scanning target are displayed in a differentiated manner.
Of course, as the magnetic resonance imaging apparatus 100A, only the image of fig. 5B may be presented to the user, or both the images of fig. 5A and 5B may be presented to the user.
In addition to the effects of the first embodiment, the magnetic resonance imaging apparatus 100A according to the second embodiment further includes a region of interest, and performs imaging processing on the first image in which the region of interest is set based on the second parameter to form a second image in which the region of interest, the target portion of the component in the scanning subject, and the other portion of the component in the scanning subject other than the target portion are displayed in a differentiated manner. Accordingly, the component (anatomical structure) of the scan object of interest to the user can be automatically and directly displayed in a 3D rendering manner, the user can visually recognize the relative positions of the set region of interest and the component of the scan object as the target portion and the other portions of the scan object other than the target portion of the component based on the preset second parameter, and the user can visually confirm whether or not the set region of interest is accurately positioned at the appropriate position of the scan object.
(modification of the second embodiment)
Next, a magnetic resonance imaging apparatus 100A according to a modification of the second embodiment will be described with reference to fig. 6 to 7D.
The configuration of the modification of the magnetic resonance imaging apparatus 100A is basically the same as that of the magnetic resonance imaging apparatus 100A of the second embodiment, except that the second imaging processing unit 104 in the modification performs imaging processing on the first image in which the region of interest is set by the region of interest setting unit 103 based on the second parameter as described in the second embodiment to form a second image in which the region of interest, the target portion of the component in the scanning subject, and the other portions than the target portion of the component in the scanning subject are displayed separately, and highlights the intersection region of the region of interest and the first image in the second image. Therefore, redundant description is omitted here, and the differences will be mainly explained.
Magnetic resonance imaging method performed by the magnetic resonance imaging apparatus 100A
A magnetic resonance imaging method performed by a modification of the magnetic resonance imaging apparatus 100A is shown in fig. 6. The flowchart shown in fig. 6 is different from the flowchart shown in fig. 4 only in the order of the steps, and the operation of each step is not changed, so that the foregoing description can be referred to, and detailed description is omitted here.
Next, a specific example of a modification of the second embodiment will be described with reference to fig. 7A to 7D. Fig. 7A is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional image of a scanned object, fig. 7B is a schematic diagram of a region of interest, fig. 7C is a schematic diagram of a first image, and fig. 7D is a schematic diagram of a second image.
First, the setting of the scan sequence, the first parameter, and the second parameter is set in advance before the user uses the magnetic resonance imaging apparatus 100A. The predetermined setting is one or more scan sequences including a scan sequence for scanning bony tissues such as bones, soft tissues such as muscles and blood vessels, and aqueous tissues such as edema and effusion. The predetermined scan sequence is set in advance as a scan sequence for imaging the liver. In the predetermined scan sequence, the first parameter is set in advance to indicate that a component of the scan target of interest is a liver when the scan target is scanned in the predetermined scan sequence.
in addition, after the magnetic resonance imaging apparatus 100A starts operating, the scanner 101 scans the torso of the human being as the scanning target, and a three-dimensional image as shown in fig. 7A is obtained with respect to the scanning target. Here, the three-dimensional image of the scanning target shown in fig. 7A includes organs such as a liver and a heart.
Next, two regions of interest as shown in fig. 7B are set in the first image by the user through the region of interest setting section 103.
Next, the magnetic resonance imaging apparatus 100A performs imaging processing on the three-dimensional image acquired by the scanner 101 by the first imaging processor 102 based on the first parameter set for a predetermined scan sequence of the one or more scan sequences, so as to form a first image in which the component of the scan target indicated by the first parameter is highlighted as shown in fig. 7C. In the first image shown in fig. 7C, the heart and the like are displayed with a certain transparency, and the liver portion indicated by the first parameter set for the predetermined scan sequence is highlighted.
Next, the second imaging processing unit 104 performs imaging processing on the first image in which the region of interest is set by the region of interest setting unit 103, based on the second parameter, to form a second image in which the region of interest, the target portion of the component in the scanning target, and the other portion other than the target portion of the component in the scanning target are displayed separately as shown in fig. 7D, and highlights an intersection region between the region of interest shown in fig. 7B and the first image in the second image.
as shown in fig. 7D, in the second image, in addition to the region of interest, the constituent part that is the target part of the constituent part in the scanning target based on the preset second parameter, and the constituent part that is the other part than the target part of the constituent part in the scanning target, are displayed so as to be differentiated in transparency, the intersection region of the region of interest and the first image is highlighted.
In addition to the effects of the first and second embodiments, the magnetic resonance imaging apparatus 100A according to the modification of the second embodiment can highlight the intersection region between the region of interest (fig. 7B) set by the user and the constituent part of the scan target (for example, the first image) in a 3D rendering method such as a color or a pattern, thereby further enhancing the technical effects.
(third embodiment)
A magnetic resonance imaging apparatus 100A according to a third embodiment will be described below with reference to fig. 8 to 9D. Fig. 8 is a flowchart of a magnetic resonance imaging method performed by the magnetic resonance imaging apparatus 100A according to the third embodiment. Fig. 9A to 9D are schematic diagrams showing one example of the magnetic resonance imaging apparatus 100A according to the third embodiment.
The magnetic resonance imaging apparatus 100A according to the third embodiment has basically the same configuration as the magnetic resonance imaging apparatus 100A according to the second embodiment, except that the second imaging processing unit 104 according to the third embodiment performs imaging processing to form a second image in which the region of interest intersecting the first image is highlighted. Therefore, redundant description is omitted here, and the differences will be mainly explained.
Magnetic resonance imaging method performed by the magnetic resonance imaging apparatus 100A
A magnetic resonance imaging method performed by the modification of the magnetic resonance imaging apparatus 100A is shown in fig. 8. The flowchart shown in fig. 8 differs from the flowchart shown in fig. 6 only in that step S502 is replaced with step S900, and the operation of the step denoted by the same reference numeral is not changed, and therefore, a redundant description is omitted here.
As shown in fig. 8, after the magnetic resonance imaging apparatus 100A of the present embodiment starts operating, the operations of steps S200, S500, and S202 are executed in the same manner as the modification of the magnetic resonance imaging apparatus 100A of the second embodiment, and after the operation of step S202 is ended, the flow proceeds to step S900.
Next, in step S900, the second imaging processing section 104 performs imaging processing to form a second image in which the intersection region of the region of interest and the first image is highlighted, and then ends the processing.
Next, a specific example of the third embodiment will be described with reference to fig. 9A to 9D. Fig. 9A is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional image of a scanned object, fig. 9B is a schematic diagram of a region of interest, fig. 9C is a schematic diagram of a first image, and fig. 9D is a schematic diagram of a second image.
First, the setting of the scan sequence, the first parameter, and the second parameter is set in advance before the user uses the magnetic resonance imaging apparatus 100A. The predetermined setting is one or more scan sequences including a scan sequence for scanning bony tissues such as bones, soft tissues such as muscles and blood vessels, and aqueous tissues such as edema and effusion. The predetermined scan sequence is set as a scan sequence for imaging a blood vessel. In the predetermined scan sequence, the first parameter is set in advance to indicate that a blood vessel is a constituent part of the scan target of interest when the scan target is scanned in the predetermined scan sequence.
After the magnetic resonance imaging apparatus 100A starts operating, the scanner 101 scans the human brain as a scanning target, and a three-dimensional image of the scanning target as shown in fig. 9A is obtained (step S200). Here, the three-dimensional image of the scanning target shown in fig. 9A includes tissues such as blood vessels, gray brain matter, white brain matter, and skull.
Next, two regions of interest as shown in fig. 9B are set in the first image by the user through the region of interest setting section 103.
Next, the magnetic resonance imaging apparatus 100A performs imaging processing on the three-dimensional image acquired by the scanner 101 by the first imaging processor 102 based on the first parameter set for a predetermined scan sequence of the one or more scan sequences, so as to form a first image in which the component of the scan target indicated by the first parameter is highlighted as shown in fig. 9C. In the first image shown in fig. 9C, the blood vessel portion indicated by the first parameter set for the predetermined scan sequence is highlighted and displayed, and the gray matter, white matter, skull, and the like are displayed with a certain transparency.
Next, the second imaging processing unit 104 performs imaging processing to image a second image in which the intersection region between the region of interest and the first image is highlighted as shown in fig. 9D.
as shown in fig. 9D, in the second image, in addition to the region of interest, the constituent part that is the target part of the constituent part in the scanning target based on the preset second parameter, and the constituent part that is the other part than the target part of the constituent part in the scanning target, are displayed so as to be differentiated in transparency, the intersection region of the region of interest and the first image is highlighted.
The third embodiment has the effects of the first and second embodiments and the modifications thereof, and will not be described again.
(modification example)
In the above embodiments, the embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail by taking as an example the case where the embodiments of the present invention are embodied in a magnetic resonance imaging apparatus and a method executed by the same, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to this, and may be embodied in various forms such as a magnetic resonance imaging system, a method, an integrated circuit, and the like.
In the above embodiments, the scanning target of magnetic resonance imaging is exemplified by the brain and the trunk of a human being, but the present invention is not limited thereto, and the scanning target may be other human organs such as the facet joint, the pituitary, the abdomen, the ligament, the elbow joint, the wrist joint, and the ankle joint.
the second image in which the intersection region between the region of interest and the first image is highlighted is not limited to the third embodiment, and may be presented as shown in fig. 10. Therefore, in the cerebral vessel 3D rendering map, the intersection area of the unilateral cerebral vessel and the attention area can be displayed in the second image in a cross-hatching mode, so that a user can very intuitively confirm whether the interested vessel is accurately positioned and perform various operations such as pre-saturation, marking and the like.
The embodiments have been described above, but the present invention is not limited to the embodiments and the modifications. For example, a person skilled in the art can appropriately add, delete, and modify the design of the components of the above-described embodiments and modifications, and appropriately combine the features of the embodiments and modifications, so long as they conform to the technical spirit of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is encompassed by the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A magnetic resonance imaging apparatus is characterized by comprising:
A scanning unit that scans a scanning target in one or more scanning sequences to acquire a three-dimensional image; and
And a first imaging processing unit configured to perform imaging processing on the three-dimensional image acquired by the scanning unit based on a first parameter set for a predetermined scan sequence of the one or more scan sequences, so as to image a first image in which a component of the scan target indicated by the first parameter is highlighted.
2. The magnetic resonance imaging apparatus according to claim 1,
The first parameter represents a component in a scan object of interest when the scan object is scanned in the prescribed scan sequence.
3. The magnetic resonance imaging apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising:
a region-of-interest setting section that sets a region of interest in the first image; and
And a second imaging processing unit that performs imaging processing on the first image in which the region of interest is set by the region of interest setting unit, based on a second parameter indicating a target portion of a component in the scan target, to image a second image in which the region of interest, the target portion of the component in the scan target, and another portion other than the target portion of the component in the scan target are displayed in a differentiated manner.
4. the magnetic resonance imaging apparatus according to claim 3,
The second imaging processing section performs imaging processing to image a second image in which an intersection region of the region of interest and the first image is emphasized.
5. The magnetic resonance imaging apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising:
A region-of-interest setting section that sets a region of interest in the first image; and
and a second imaging processing unit that performs imaging processing to image a second image in which an intersection region between the region of interest and the first image is highlighted.
6. The magnetic resonance imaging apparatus according to claim 3,
The region of interest is a region to be subjected to one or more of a scanning operation, a saturation operation, a marking operation, and a pre-saturation operation.
7. the magnetic resonance imaging apparatus according to claim 3,
The first parameter and the second parameter are the same.
8. The magnetic resonance imaging apparatus according to claim 5,
The region of interest is a region to be subjected to one or more of a scanning operation, a saturation operation, a marking operation, and a pre-saturation operation.
9. A magnetic resonance imaging method is characterized by comprising:
Scanning, namely scanning a scanning object by more than one scanning sequence to obtain a three-dimensional image; and
And a first imaging processing step of performing imaging processing on the three-dimensional image acquired by the scanning step, based on a first parameter set for a predetermined scanning sequence of the one or more scanning sequences, to image a first image in which a component in the scanning target indicated by the first parameter is highlighted.
10. A magnetic resonance imaging system is characterized by comprising:
The scanning unit scans a scanning object by more than one scanning sequence to acquire a three-dimensional image; and
And a first imaging processing module that performs imaging processing on the three-dimensional image acquired by the scanning unit in accordance with a first parameter set for a predetermined scanning sequence of the one or more scanning sequences to image a first image in which a constituent portion of the scanning target indicated by the first parameter is highlighted.
Priority Applications (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810595898.XA CN110575168B (en) | 2018-06-11 | 2018-06-11 | Magnetic resonance imaging apparatus, magnetic resonance imaging method, and magnetic resonance imaging system |
| JP2019107057A JP7418974B2 (en) | 2018-06-11 | 2019-06-07 | Magnetic resonance imaging device and image processing method |
| US16/437,558 US11550012B2 (en) | 2018-06-11 | 2019-06-11 | Magnetic resonance imaging apparatus and imaging processing method for determining a region to which processing is to be performed |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810595898.XA CN110575168B (en) | 2018-06-11 | 2018-06-11 | Magnetic resonance imaging apparatus, magnetic resonance imaging method, and magnetic resonance imaging system |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN110575168A true CN110575168A (en) | 2019-12-17 |
| CN110575168B CN110575168B (en) | 2023-10-13 |
Family
ID=68809421
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810595898.XA Active CN110575168B (en) | 2018-06-11 | 2018-06-11 | Magnetic resonance imaging apparatus, magnetic resonance imaging method, and magnetic resonance imaging system |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP7418974B2 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN110575168B (en) |
Citations (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20070223832A1 (en) * | 2006-03-23 | 2007-09-27 | Kazuhiko Matsumoto | Diffusion weighted image processing apparatus and recording medium for recording image analysis program |
| US20080161678A1 (en) * | 2006-04-25 | 2008-07-03 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Magnetic resonance imaging apparatus and magnetic resonance imaging method |
| CN101268380A (en) * | 2005-09-20 | 2008-09-17 | 皇家飞利浦电子股份有限公司 | Method for accounting for shifted metabolic volumes in spectroscopic imaging |
| US20080298660A1 (en) * | 2007-01-11 | 2008-12-04 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | 3-dimensional diagnostic imaging system |
| US20140194730A1 (en) * | 2012-05-11 | 2014-07-10 | Toshiba Medical Systems Corporation | Magnetic resonance imaging apparatus and image processing apparatus |
| CN104698414A (en) * | 2013-08-21 | 2015-06-10 | 西门子公司 | Reference oversampling in sense-type magnetic resonance reconstruction |
| US20150199121A1 (en) * | 2014-01-15 | 2015-07-16 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Medical image providing apparatus and medical image processing method of the same |
| US20150196223A1 (en) * | 2014-01-10 | 2015-07-16 | Ioannis Koktzoglou | System and method for neutral contrast magnetic resonance imaging of calcifications |
| US20150355300A1 (en) * | 2014-06-04 | 2015-12-10 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Magnetic resonance imaging apparatus and image display method of magnetic resonance imaging apparatus |
| US20160225181A1 (en) * | 2015-02-02 | 2016-08-04 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Method and apparatus for displaying medical image |
| WO2017090044A1 (en) * | 2015-11-26 | 2017-06-01 | Tpm Medical Systems Ltd. | Systems and methods for mri based imaging of peripheral nerves |
| CN107209240A (en) * | 2015-01-30 | 2017-09-26 | 皇家飞利浦有限公司 | For the automatically scanning planning of follow-up magnetic resonance imaging |
| US20170285122A1 (en) * | 2016-04-03 | 2017-10-05 | Q Bio, Inc | Rapid determination of a relaxation time |
| CN107773233A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2018-03-09 | 上海联影医疗科技有限公司 | A kind of MR imaging method and device |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP5468194B2 (en) | 2007-08-21 | 2014-04-09 | 株式会社東芝 | Magnetic resonance imaging system |
| JP2012249676A (en) | 2011-05-31 | 2012-12-20 | Toshiba Corp | Medical image diagnostic apparatus and image processor |
| WO2014192829A1 (en) | 2013-05-28 | 2014-12-04 | 株式会社東芝 | Medical image processing device |
-
2018
- 2018-06-11 CN CN201810595898.XA patent/CN110575168B/en active Active
-
2019
- 2019-06-07 JP JP2019107057A patent/JP7418974B2/en active Active
Patent Citations (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101268380A (en) * | 2005-09-20 | 2008-09-17 | 皇家飞利浦电子股份有限公司 | Method for accounting for shifted metabolic volumes in spectroscopic imaging |
| US20070223832A1 (en) * | 2006-03-23 | 2007-09-27 | Kazuhiko Matsumoto | Diffusion weighted image processing apparatus and recording medium for recording image analysis program |
| US20080161678A1 (en) * | 2006-04-25 | 2008-07-03 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Magnetic resonance imaging apparatus and magnetic resonance imaging method |
| US20080298660A1 (en) * | 2007-01-11 | 2008-12-04 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | 3-dimensional diagnostic imaging system |
| US20140194730A1 (en) * | 2012-05-11 | 2014-07-10 | Toshiba Medical Systems Corporation | Magnetic resonance imaging apparatus and image processing apparatus |
| CN104698414A (en) * | 2013-08-21 | 2015-06-10 | 西门子公司 | Reference oversampling in sense-type magnetic resonance reconstruction |
| US20150196223A1 (en) * | 2014-01-10 | 2015-07-16 | Ioannis Koktzoglou | System and method for neutral contrast magnetic resonance imaging of calcifications |
| US20150199121A1 (en) * | 2014-01-15 | 2015-07-16 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Medical image providing apparatus and medical image processing method of the same |
| US20150355300A1 (en) * | 2014-06-04 | 2015-12-10 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Magnetic resonance imaging apparatus and image display method of magnetic resonance imaging apparatus |
| CN107209240A (en) * | 2015-01-30 | 2017-09-26 | 皇家飞利浦有限公司 | For the automatically scanning planning of follow-up magnetic resonance imaging |
| US20160225181A1 (en) * | 2015-02-02 | 2016-08-04 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Method and apparatus for displaying medical image |
| WO2017090044A1 (en) * | 2015-11-26 | 2017-06-01 | Tpm Medical Systems Ltd. | Systems and methods for mri based imaging of peripheral nerves |
| US20170285122A1 (en) * | 2016-04-03 | 2017-10-05 | Q Bio, Inc | Rapid determination of a relaxation time |
| CN107773233A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2018-03-09 | 上海联影医疗科技有限公司 | A kind of MR imaging method and device |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 吕银章 等: "磁共振神经成像在外周神经鞘膜瘤的应用研究", 磁共振成像, vol. 6, no. 12, pages 922 - 926 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP7418974B2 (en) | 2024-01-22 |
| CN110575168B (en) | 2023-10-13 |
| JP2019213860A (en) | 2019-12-19 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| Colchester et al. | Development and preliminary evaluation of VISLAN, a surgical planning and guidance system using intra-operative video imaging | |
| US6484048B1 (en) | Real-time interactive three-dimensional locating and displaying system | |
| Gering et al. | An integrated visualization system for surgical planning and guidance using image fusion and interventional imaging | |
| US9990744B2 (en) | Image registration device, image registration method, and image registration program | |
| EP1917645B1 (en) | Method and apparatus featuring simple click style interactions according to a clinical task workflow | |
| US6898302B1 (en) | Systems, methods and computer program products for the display and visually driven definition of tomographic image planes in three-dimensional space | |
| US7796835B2 (en) | Computer readable medium for image processing and image processing method | |
| JP2002186603A (en) | Method for transforming coordinates to guide an object | |
| KR20030045839A (en) | Image processing device and image processing method | |
| CN107854142B (en) | Medical ultrasonic augmented reality imaging system | |
| US20170032527A1 (en) | Method and system for head digitization and co-registration of medical imaging data | |
| JP6711715B2 (en) | Image processing apparatus and image processing method | |
| US9910958B2 (en) | Method and device for displaying a first image and a second image of an object | |
| JP7080228B2 (en) | Intelligent model-based patient positioning system for magnetic resonance imaging | |
| US9147250B2 (en) | System and method for automatic magnetic resonance volume composition and normalization | |
| Joshi et al. | Novel interaction techniques for neurosurgical planning and stereotactic navigation | |
| JP6476125B2 (en) | Image processing apparatus and surgical microscope system | |
| CN110575168B (en) | Magnetic resonance imaging apparatus, magnetic resonance imaging method, and magnetic resonance imaging system | |
| CN109620405B (en) | Method for realizing image recognition patch for craniotomy body surface incision navigation | |
| CN106028943A (en) | Ultrasonic virtual endoscopic imaging system and method, and apparatus thereof | |
| JP2007021193A (en) | Image processing apparatus and program | |
| US11550012B2 (en) | Magnetic resonance imaging apparatus and imaging processing method for determining a region to which processing is to be performed | |
| JP7027201B2 (en) | Magnetic resonance imaging device, magnetic resonance imaging method and magnetic resonance imaging system | |
| JP2010051615A (en) | Magnetic resonance imaging apparatus | |
| US20180271399A1 (en) | Magnetic resonance imaging apparatus, magnetic resonance imaging method and magnetic resonance imaging system |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |