CN110572844B - Random access method, device and terminal - Google Patents
Random access method, device and terminal Download PDFInfo
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- CN110572844B CN110572844B CN201810572916.2A CN201810572916A CN110572844B CN 110572844 B CN110572844 B CN 110572844B CN 201810572916 A CN201810572916 A CN 201810572916A CN 110572844 B CN110572844 B CN 110572844B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W24/00—Supervisory, monitoring or testing arrangements
- H04W24/04—Arrangements for maintaining operational condition
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W74/00—Wireless channel access, e.g. scheduled or random access
- H04W74/08—Non-scheduled or contention based access, e.g. random access, ALOHA, CSMA [Carrier Sense Multiple Access]
- H04W74/0833—Non-scheduled or contention based access, e.g. random access, ALOHA, CSMA [Carrier Sense Multiple Access] using a random access procedure
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
- Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
- Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks
Abstract
The embodiment of the invention provides a random access method, a random access device and a terminal. The method comprises the following steps: after initiating a random access failure to a base station, receiving a first backoff time upper limit sent by the base station; if the number of times of initiating the random access is less than or equal to the maximum backoff number, determining a second backoff time upper limit according to the first backoff time upper limit and the number of times of initiating the random access; determining the back-off time according to the second back-off time upper limit; and initiating random access to the base station according to the back-off time. The method of the embodiment of the invention determines the back-off time for initiating the random access according to the times of initiating the random access, improves the random access retransmission efficiency and reduces the random access time delay.
Description
Technical Field
The embodiment of the invention relates to the technical field of communication, in particular to a random access method, a random access device and a terminal.
Background
The Police Digital Trunking (PDT) standard is a narrow-band Trunking communication standard with Chinese proprietary intellectual property rights, and can meet the requirements of users in most Trunking communication industries by focusing on the development direction of the future Digital talkback technology. The PDT standard fully considers the situation of China, references and innovatively designs the international mature standard technology, follows five principles of high cost performance, safety and confidentiality, large regional system, expandability and backward compatibility, and effectively solves the problem of converged communication of various emergency communication networks. The PDT standard is based on the Chinese public security market, gives consideration to different levels of user requirements of counties, cities, provinces and countries and actual network construction requirements, supports low-cost single-base-station system communication, can also achieve efficient large-area system coverage, and meets the construction requirements of national-wide public security emergency communication command networks such as four-level networking. The PDT communication system has wide application prospect.
In the voice cluster mode, the PDT base station configures a control channel. When each terminal initiates services such as group calling and single calling, random access signaling is sent through a control channel, a corresponding service channel is applied to be allocated to the base station, and after the service channel is successfully allocated, each terminal performs data communication on the service channel. The terminal monitors the state of the control channel and sends a random access application in the idle time slot of the control channel. If a plurality of terminals send the first random access request attempt at the same time in the unique control channel, the condition that some terminals do not receive the response message sent by the base station in the random access application monitoring window after sending the uplink random access signaling in the PDT cluster control channel exists. This may be that the base station side does not detect the random access signaling of the terminal because a plurality of terminals simultaneously transmit the random access signaling, and may not transmit the response information due to the base station, or may not decode the response message due to the interference of the downlink radio link, and it may happen that the terminal does not receive the random access response of the base station for any reason. The base station configures and broadcasts a Backoff (Backoff) parameter according to the current load condition, and the terminal calculates the initiation time of the next random access through the acquired parameter after collision, so as to reduce the system access congestion probability.
After the random access fails, each terminal may determine a maximum backoff upper limit for initiating the random access next time from backoff parameters sent by the base station. After the maximum backoff upper limit is determined, a value is randomly selected from 0 to the maximum backoff upper limit to be used as the backoff time for initiating random access next time. According to the existing mechanism, a plurality of terminals select the back-off time according to the same maximum back-off upper limit, so that each terminal may select a longer back-off time, which results in low random access retransmission efficiency and a long delay of multiple access attempts.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a random access method, a random access device and a random access terminal, which are used for solving the problems of low random access retransmission efficiency and overlong time delay of multiple access attempts.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a random access method, including:
after initiating a random access failure to a base station, receiving a first backoff time upper limit sent by the base station;
if the number of times of initiating the random access is less than or equal to the maximum backoff number, determining a second backoff time upper limit according to the first backoff time upper limit and the number of times of initiating the random access, wherein the second backoff time upper limit is reduced along with the increase of the number of times of initiating the random access;
determining the back-off time according to the second back-off time upper limit;
and initiating random access to the base station according to the back-off time.
In a possible implementation manner, determining the second back-off time upper limit according to the first back-off time upper limit and the number of times of initiating the random access includes:
according to the following formula
Determining a second back-off time upper limit;
wherein, T 2 Is the second back-off time upper limit, T 1 And N is the number of times of initiating random access.
In one possible implementation, the method further includes:
and if the times of initiating the random access is greater than the maximum backoff times, setting punishment time, and forbidding initiating the random access to the base station within the punishment time.
In one possible implementation, determining the back-off time according to the second back-off time upper limit includes:
a value is randomly selected between 0 and a second back-off time upper limit as the back-off time for initiating random access.
In one possible implementation, initiating a random access failure to a base station includes:
and the random access response message sent by the base station is not received in the response window, or the received random access response message sent by the base station cannot be correctly decoded.
In one possible implementation, the method further includes:
and adjusting the transmitting power for initiating the random access according to the times of initiating the random access.
In one possible implementation manner, adjusting the transmission power for initiating the random access according to the number of times of initiating the random access includes:
when random access is initiated for the first time, the preset basic transmitting power is adopted;
and increasing the transmission power of the random access with a preset step length along with the increase of the times of initiating the random access until the maximum transmission power is reached.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a random access apparatus, including:
the receiving module is used for receiving a first backoff time upper limit sent by the base station after the random access failure is initiated to the base station;
the determining module is used for determining a second back-off time upper limit according to the first back-off time upper limit and the times of initiating the random access if the times of initiating the random access are less than or equal to the maximum back-off times;
the determining module is further used for determining the back-off time according to the second back-off time upper limit;
and the sending module is used for initiating random access to the base station according to the back-off time.
In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a terminal, including:
a memory;
a processor; and
a computer program;
wherein the computer program is stored in the memory and configured to be executed by the processor to implement a method as claimed in any one of the first aspect.
In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, the computer program being executed by a processor to implement the method according to any one of the first aspect.
According to the random access method, the random access device and the terminal, the back-off time upper limit is determined according to the number of times of initiating the random access, the random access congestion probability is reduced, the random access retransmission efficiency is improved, the second back-off time upper limit is reduced along with the increase of the number of times of initiating the random access, the random access time delay is reduced, and the user experience is improved.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the invention and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a random access method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a flowchart of another embodiment of a random access method provided in the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a random access apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a terminal provided in the present invention.
With the above figures, there are shown certain embodiments of the invention and will be described in more detail hereinafter. The drawings and the description are not intended to limit the scope of the inventive concept in any way, but rather to illustrate it by those skilled in the art with reference to specific embodiments.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to the exemplary embodiments, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. The following description refers to the accompanying drawings in which the same numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements unless otherwise indicated. The implementations described in the following exemplary examples do not represent all implementations consistent with the present invention. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatus and methods consistent with certain aspects of the invention, as detailed in the appended claims.
The terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, in the description and claims of this invention are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example, a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not limited to only those steps or elements listed, but may alternatively include other steps or elements not listed, or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
The terms "first" and "second" in the present application are used for identification purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a sequential relationship, relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. "plurality" means two or more. "and/or" describes the association relationship of the associated object, indicating that there may be three relationships, for example, a and/or B, which may indicate: a exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. The character "/" generally indicates that the former and latter associated objects are in an "or" relationship.
Reference throughout this specification to "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of the present application. Thus, the appearances of the phrases "in one embodiment" or "in an embodiment" in various places throughout this specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment. It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a random access method according to an embodiment of the present invention. The method provided by the embodiment can be executed by the terminal equipment. As shown in fig. 1, the method of this embodiment may include:
step S101, after initiating a random access failure to a base station, receiving a first back-off time upper limit sent by the base station.
The terminal random access depends on the UP, SF and MASK conditions of the C _ ALOHA broadcast by the base station, and respectively represents the user level, the service type and the address range. The three are in an and relationship, namely the random access can be carried out only when the three conditions are met. The terminal may apply for random access according to TACT (AT = 0) of C _ ALOHA and CACH. The terminal may initiate random access by sending an uplink access packet to the base station, where the uplink access packet may include C _ RAND and C _ RESTORE.
If the terminal does not receive the random access response message sent by the base station in the response window after sending the random access signaling, or the received random access response message sent by the base station cannot be correctly decoded, the random access fails.
After the random access failure is initiated to the base station, the receiving base station broadcasts a system parameter Backoff value including a first Backoff time upper limit through a downlink C _ BCAST CSBK control channel signaling according to the load condition of the receiving base station.
Step S102, if the number of times of initiating the random access is less than or equal to the maximum backoff number, determining a second backoff time upper limit according to the first backoff time upper limit and the number of times of initiating the random access, wherein the second backoff time upper limit is reduced along with the increase of the number of times of initiating the random access.
The maximum backoff number represents the maximum number of times that the terminal is allowed to initiate random access for the service, and the parameter value may be stored in the terminal device as a default factory parameter or sent to the terminal by the base station through a control signaling. The maximum backoff number should not be too large, so as to avoid wasting air interface signaling resources due to too many random access attempts. For example, the maximum backoff number may be set to 5.
In order to avoid re-initiating random access after the first random access failure and re-initiating random access after multiple random access failures, the same back-off time is adopted, so that the time delay of multiple random access attempts is too long. In this embodiment, the number of times of initiating random access is fully considered when determining the back-off time upper limit. Specifically, the second back-off time upper limit may decrease with an increase in the number of times of initiating the random access, so that when the random access is re-initiated after multiple random access failures, the back-off time is shorter, and the random access delay may be reduced.
And step S103, determining the back-off time according to the second back-off time upper limit.
In one possible implementation, a value between 0 and the second back-off time upper limit may be randomly selected as the back-off time for initiating random access. Or, half of the second backoff time may be selected as the backoff time for initiating the random access.
And step S104, initiating random access to the base station according to the back-off time.
After the back-off time is up, and the control channel time slot is idle at this time, the terminal may initiate random access to the base station again.
For example, the maximum backoff number is 5, and the first backoff time upper limit broadcasted by the base station is 50ms. If 4 PDT terminals fail to initiate random access to a PDT base station within the coverage of one PDT base station, according to the prior art, the upper limit of the backoff time for the 4 PDT terminals to initiate random access next time is 50ms, which may cause too long random access delay and poor user experience for terminals that fail random access for multiple times. In order to solve this problem, the method of this embodiment fully considers the influence of the number of times of initiating random access when determining the back-off time. If the 4 PDT terminals are a, B, C, and D, respectively, and the number of times of initiating random access is 2, 3, 4, and 5, respectively, by using the method of this embodiment, the second backoff upper limit of terminal a may be 40ms, the second backoff upper limit of terminal B may be 30ms, the second backoff upper limit of terminal C may be 20ms, and the second backoff upper limit of terminal D may be 10ms, it is apparent that, by using the method of this embodiment, a terminal that initiates random access multiple times may wait for a shorter time, thereby reducing random access delay, and improving user experience.
According to the random access method provided by the embodiment, the back-off time upper limit is determined according to the number of times of initiating random access, the random access congestion probability is reduced, the random access retransmission efficiency is improved, the second back-off time upper limit is reduced along with the increase of the number of times of initiating random access, the random access time delay is reduced, and the user experience is improved.
In a possible implementation manner, determining the second back-off time upper limit according to the first back-off time upper limit and the number of times of initiating the random access includes:
according to the following formula
Determining a second back-off time upper limit;
wherein, T 2 Is the second back-off time upper limit, T 1 And N is the number of times of initiating random access.
In one possible implementation, the method further includes:
if the times of initiating the random access are larger than the maximum backoff times, setting punishment time, and forbidding initiating the random access to the base station in the punishment time.
If the number of times of initiating the random access is larger than the maximum backoff number, the random access cycle aiming at the current service is finished. A penalty time is set, during which time initiation of random access to the base station is prohibited, typically set to a few seconds. The method provided by the embodiment avoids the problems that the terminal initiates random access endlessly, wastes the interface signaling resource and even causes signaling storm by setting punishment time.
On the basis of the above embodiments, the present embodiment describes in detail a control strategy of transmission power for initiating random access in the above embodiments.
In order to further improve the success rate of random access, reduce the random access delay, and improve the user experience, in a possible implementation manner, the random access may be initiated by using the physical maximum transmission power of the terminal, that is, the random access is initiated to the base station by using the maximum transmission power that can be provided by the terminal no matter the random access is initiated for the second time.
In order to further balance the access delay with the system capacity, in one possible implementation, the transmission power of the random access initiation may be adjusted according to the number of times of initiating the random access. Specifically, adjusting the transmission power for initiating the random access according to the number of times of initiating the random access may include:
when the random access is initiated for the first time, the preset basic transmitting power is adopted. The base transmit power is generally set to be smaller to reduce power consumption of the terminals, extend standby time of the terminals, and reduce interference between the terminals. That is, when the random access is initiated for the first time, smaller transmitting power is adopted to reduce power consumption, reduce interference and improve system capacity.
And increasing the transmission power of the random access with a preset step length along with the increase of the times of initiating the random access until the maximum transmission power is reached.
The maximum transmission power is the physical maximum transmission power of the terminal, i.e. the maximum transmission power that the terminal can provide. That is, for a terminal initiating random access for many times, a larger transmission power is adopted to improve the success rate of random access and improve the retransmission efficiency of random access.
The preset step length in this embodiment may be a fixed step length, that is, the power value increased each time is equal, or a step-shaped step length, for example, as the number of times of initiating the random access increases, the step length of increasing the transmission power also increases to accelerate the power increase.
The random access method provided by this embodiment initiates random access by using the maximum transmission power, or determines the backoff time for initiating random access and the transmission power for initiating random access according to the number of times of initiating random access, and for a terminal with a large number of times of initiating random access, uses a small backoff time and a large transmission power, thereby effectively reducing the random access delay and improving the success rate of random access. In summary, the random access method provided in this embodiment can improve the basic functions of the PDT cluster system, improve the utilization efficiency, balance the resource utilization rate and the access delay, and achieve the goal of satisfying both the system capacity and the user access experience.
The random access method provided by the present invention is further described in detail by a specific example.
The terminal random access depends on the UP, SF and MASK conditions of the C _ ALOHA broadcast by the base station, and respectively represents the user level, the service type and the address range. The three are in an and relationship, namely the random access can be carried out only when the three conditions are met. The terminal carries out random access application according to the C _ ALOHA and the TACT (AT = 0) of the CACH, and the uplink access message comprises C _ RAND and C _ RESTORE.
Taking an example that a terminal initiates random access by sending a C _ RAND message to a base station, when the terminal initiates random access for the first time for the service, a local variable cran _ TRANSMISSION _ COUNTER is set to be 1, and the TRANSMISSION power of the terminal initiating random access is the physical maximum TRANSMISSION power of the terminal, or the TRANSMISSION power of the terminal initiating random access is the set basic TRANSMISSION power, and the variable cran _ TRANSMISSION _ COUNTER represents the number of times of initiating random access. In this embodiment, a variable CrandTransMax represents the maximum backoff number, and CrandTransMax =5; the variable Backoff represents the first back-off time upper limit;
if the terminal does not receive the response message of the base station in the response window after sending the random access signaling, or the received response message terminal cannot decode correctly, it indicates that the random access fails, and the terminal will execute the following operations:
(1) The local variable CRAND _ TRANSMISSION _ COUNTER is incremented by 1. If CRAND _ TRANSMISSION _ COUNTER < = CranddTransMax, the UE randomly selects a value between 0 and (60ms × Backoff)/CRAND _ TRANSMISSION _ COUNTER as the time delay from the current failure moment to the next moment when the random access signaling can be sent, namely, the back-off time is determined; if CRAND _ TRANSMISSION _ COUNTER > CRANdTransMax, then CRAND _ TRANSMISSION _ COUNTER is reset to 0, the random access cycle is ended and punishment time is set, random access is forbidden to be initiated to the base station within the punishment time, and the punishment of the random access initiation time of the next time is carried out.
(2) Waiting until the delay time expires and the control channel slot is idle, i.e. TACT of CACH (AT = 0), the terminal sends C _ RAND again, i.e. initiates random access again. The transmit POWER _ CURRENT = min { UEmaxpower, POWER _ LAST + (cracd _ transition _ COUNTER-1) × powerRampingStep } of the terminal initiating the random access again, where UEmaxpower represents the physical maximum transmit POWER of the terminal, POWER _ LAST represents the transmit POWER of the LAST time the random access was initiated, and powerRampingStep represents the POWER boost factor, which may be set to 1dB.
(3) If the failure occurs, the steps (1) and (2) are repeatedly executed; if the response message of the base station is received in the response window and the terminal correctly decodes the received response message, the CRAND _ TRANSMISSION _ COUNTER is reset to 0, and the random access TRANSMISSION period is ended.
Fig. 2 is a flowchart of a random access method according to another embodiment of the present invention. The method provided by the embodiment can be executed by the terminal equipment. As shown in fig. 2, the method of this embodiment may include:
step S201, after initiating the random access failure to the base station, receiving a first backoff time upper limit sent by the base station.
Step S202, if the times of initiating the random access is less than or equal to the maximum backoff times, determining the backoff time according to the first backoff time upper limit and the times of initiating the random access, and determining the transmission power of initiating the random access according to the times of initiating the random access.
Specifically, for a terminal with a large number of times of initiating random access, a small back-off time and a large transmission power are used.
Step S203, after the back-off time is reached, the determined transmitting power is adopted to initiate random access to the base station.
Fig. 3 is a diagram showing a random access apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, which is only illustrated in fig. 3, and the embodiment of the present invention is not limited thereto. Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a random access device according to an embodiment of the present invention. The random access apparatus provided in this embodiment may be a terminal device, and may also be a component (such as a chip, an inheriting circuit, etc.) used in the terminal device. As shown in fig. 3, the random access apparatus 30 provided in this embodiment includes: a receiving module 301, a determining module 302 and a sending module 303.
A receiving module 301, configured to receive a first back-off time upper limit sent by a base station after initiating a random access failure to the base station.
A determining module 302, configured to determine, if the number of times of initiating the random access is less than or equal to the maximum backoff number, a second backoff upper limit according to the first backoff upper limit and the number of times of initiating the random access, where the second backoff upper limit decreases with an increase of the number of times of initiating the random access.
The determining module 302 is further configured to determine the back-off time according to the second back-off time upper limit.
A sending module 303, configured to initiate random access to the base station according to the back-off time.
The apparatus provided in this embodiment may be used to implement the technical solution of the method embodiment shown in fig. 1, and the implementation principle and technical effect are similar, which are not described herein again.
In one possible implementation, the determining module 302 is specifically configured to,
according to the following formula
Determining a second back-off time upper limit;
wherein, T 2 Is the second back-off time upper limit, T 1 And N is the number of times of initiating random access.
In a possible implementation manner, if the number of times of initiating the random access is greater than the maximum backoff number, a punishment time is set, and the random access is prohibited from being initiated to the base station within the punishment time.
In one possible implementation, the determining module 302 is specifically configured to,
a value is randomly selected between 0 and a second back-off time upper limit as the back-off time to initiate random access.
In one possible implementation, initiating a random access failure to a base station includes: and the random access response message sent by the base station is not received in the response window, or the received random access response message sent by the base station cannot be correctly decoded.
In a possible implementation manner, the random access apparatus may further include an adjusting module, configured to adjust a transmission power for initiating the random access according to the number of times of initiating the random access.
In one possible implementation, the adjustment module is specifically configured to,
when random access is initiated for the first time, the preset basic transmitting power is adopted;
and increasing the transmitting power of the random access by a preset step length along with the increase of the number of times of initiating the random access until the maximum transmitting power is reached.
Referring to fig. 4, the embodiment of the present invention is illustrated with reference to fig. 4 as an example, and the present invention is not limited thereto. Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a terminal according to the present invention. The terminal device may be a mobile phone, a computer, a digital broadcast terminal, a messaging device, a game console, a tablet device, a medical device, a fitness device, a personal digital assistant, etc. The terminal device may also be a narrow band cluster communication terminal for use in a PDT system. As shown in fig. 4, the terminal device provided in this embodiment may include one or more of the following components: a processing component 401, a memory 402, an audio component 403, a power component 404, a communication component 405, a multimedia component 406, a sensor component 407, and an input/output (I/O) interface 408.
The processing component 401 generally controls the overall operation of the terminal device, such as operations associated with display, telephone calls, data communications, camera operations and recording operations. The processing components 401 may include one or more processors 4011 to execute instructions to perform all or a portion of the steps of the methods described above. Further, processing component 401 may include one or more modules that facilitate interaction between processing component 401 and other components. For example, the processing component 401 may include a multimedia module to facilitate interaction between the multimedia component 406 and the processing component 401.
The memory 402 is configured to store various types of data to support operations at the terminal device. Examples of such data include instructions for any application or method operating on the terminal device, contact data, phonebook data, messages, pictures, videos, and the like. The memory 402 may be implemented by any type or combination of volatile or non-volatile memory devices, such as Static Random Access Memory (SRAM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), read-only memory (ROM), magnetic memory, flash memory, magnetic or optical disks. In this embodiment, the memory 402 stores a computer program, and the computer program can be executed by the processor 4011, and can implement the technical solution in any of the above embodiments of the random access method.
The power supply component 404 provides power to the various components of the terminal device. The power components 404 may include a power management system, one or more power supplies, and other components associated with generating, managing, and distributing power for the terminal device.
The multimedia components 406 include a screen providing an output interface between the terminal device and the user. In some embodiments, the screen may include a Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) and a Touch Panel (TP). If the screen includes a touch panel, the screen may be implemented as a touch screen to receive an input signal from a user. The touch panel includes one or more touch sensors to sense touch, slide, and gestures on the touch panel. The touch sensor may not only sense the boundary of a touch or slide action, but also detect the duration and pressure associated with the touch or slide operation. In some embodiments, the multimedia component 406 includes a front facing camera and/or a rear facing camera. When the terminal device is in an operation mode, such as a shooting mode or a video mode, the front camera and/or the rear camera can receive external multimedia data. Each front camera and rear camera may be a fixed optical lens system or have a focal length and optical zoom capability.
The audio component 403 is configured to output and/or input audio signals. For example, the audio component 403 may include a Microphone (MIC) configured to receive external audio signals when the terminal device is in an operational mode, such as a call mode, a recording mode, and a voice recognition mode. The received audio signal may further be stored in the memory 402 or transmitted via the communication component 405. In this embodiment, a voice signal of a user performing voice control on a terminal device may be collected by a microphone, and then sent to a cloud server via the communication component 405. In some embodiments, audio component 403 also includes a speaker for outputting audio signals. In this embodiment, the prompt information for the user may be played through the speaker.
The I/O interface 408 provides an interface between the processing component 401 and peripheral interface modules, which may be keyboards, click wheels, buttons, etc. These buttons may include, but are not limited to: a home button, a volume button, a start button, and a lock button.
The sensor component 407 includes one or more sensors for providing various aspects of status assessment for the terminal device. For example, the sensor component 407 may detect the open/closed state of the terminal device, the relative positioning of components, such as a display and keypad of the terminal device, the sensor component 407 may also detect a change in the position of the terminal device or a component of the terminal device, the presence or absence of user contact with the terminal device, orientation or acceleration/deceleration of the terminal device, and a change in the temperature of the terminal device. The sensor assembly 407 may include a proximity sensor configured to detect the presence of a nearby object without any physical contact. The sensor assembly 407 may also include a light sensor, such as a CMOS or CCD image sensor, for use in imaging applications. In some embodiments, the sensor assembly 407 may also include an acceleration sensor, a gyroscope sensor, a magnetic sensor, a pressure sensor, or a temperature sensor.
The communication component 405 is configured to facilitate communication between the terminal device and other devices in a wired or wireless manner. In this embodiment, the communication component 405 is configured to implement interaction between the terminal device and the cloud server. The terminal device may access a wireless network based on a communication standard, such as WiFi,2G, 4G, or a combination thereof. In an exemplary embodiment, the communication component 405 receives a broadcast signal or broadcast related information from an external broadcast management system via a broadcast channel. In an exemplary embodiment, the communication component 405 further includes a Near Field Communication (NFC) module to facilitate short-range communications. For example, the NFC module may be implemented based on Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technology, infrared data association (IrDA) technology, ultra Wideband (UWB) technology, bluetooth (BT) technology, and other technologies.
In an exemplary embodiment, the terminal device may be implemented by one or more Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs), digital Signal Processors (DSPs), digital Signal Processing Devices (DSPDs), programmable Logic Devices (PLDs), field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs), controllers, micro-controllers, microprocessors or other electronic components for performing the above-described methods.
In an exemplary embodiment, there is also provided a non-transitory computer readable storage medium, such as the memory 402, comprising instructions executable by the processor 4011 of the terminal device to perform the above method. For example, the non-transitory computer readable storage medium may be a ROM, a Random Access Memory (RAM), a CD-ROM, a magnetic tape, a floppy disk, an optical data storage device, and the like.
The terminal provided in this embodiment may be used to execute the technical solutions of the method embodiments corresponding to fig. 1 and fig. 2, and the implementation principles and technical effects are similar, which are not described herein again.
An embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, where the computer program is executed by a processor, and is capable of implementing a technical solution in any of the foregoing embodiments of the random access method.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A random access method, comprising:
after initiating a random access failure to a base station, receiving a first backoff time upper limit sent by the base station;
if the number of times of initiating the random access is less than or equal to the maximum backoff number, determining a second backoff time upper limit according to the first backoff time upper limit and the number of times of initiating the random access, wherein the second backoff time upper limit is reduced along with the increase of the number of times of initiating the random access;
determining the back-off time according to the second back-off time upper limit;
initiating random access to the base station according to the back-off time;
the determining a second back-off time upper limit according to the first back-off time upper limit and the number of times of initiating random access includes:
according to the following formula
Determining the second back-off time upper limit;
wherein, T 2 Is the second back-off time upper limit, T 1 Is the first back-off time upper limit, and N is the number of times of initiating random access;
the method further comprises the following steps:
and initiating random access to the base station by adopting the maximum transmitting power, or adjusting the transmitting power for initiating the random access according to the times of initiating the random access.
2. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
and if the times of initiating the random access is greater than the maximum backoff times, setting punishment time, and forbidding initiating the random access to the base station within the punishment time.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the determining a back-off time according to the second back-off time upper limit comprises:
and randomly selecting a value from 0 to the second back-off time upper limit as the back-off time for initiating random access.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the adjusting the transmission power for initiating random access according to the number of times of initiating random access comprises:
when random access is initiated for the first time, the preset basic transmitting power is adopted;
and increasing the transmitting power of the random access by a preset step length along with the increase of the times of initiating the random access until the maximum transmitting power is reached.
5. A random access apparatus, comprising:
the receiving module is used for receiving a first backoff time upper limit sent by a base station after the random access failure is initiated to the base station;
a determining module, configured to determine a second backoff time upper limit according to the first backoff time upper limit and the number of times of initiating random access if the number of times of initiating random access is less than or equal to a maximum backoff number;
the determining module is further configured to determine a backoff time according to the second backoff time upper limit;
a sending module, configured to initiate random access to the base station according to the backoff time;
the determining means is, in particular, configured to,
according to the following formula
Determining a second back-off time upper limit;
wherein, T 2 Is the second back-off time upper limit, T 1 Is the first back-off time upper limit, and N is the number of times of initiating random access;
the random access device may further include an adjusting module, configured to initiate random access to the base station by using the maximum transmission power, or adjust the transmission power for initiating random access according to the number of times of initiating random access.
6. A terminal, comprising:
a memory;
a processor; and
a computer program;
wherein the computer program is stored in the memory and configured to be executed by the processor to implement the method of any one of claims 1-4.
7. A computer-readable storage medium, having stored thereon a computer program for execution by a processor to perform the method of any one of claims 1-4.
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