CN110571831A - Stability control method for active power distribution network interconnection system considering new energy access - Google Patents
Stability control method for active power distribution network interconnection system considering new energy access Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/24—Arrangements for preventing or reducing oscillations of power in networks
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y02E40/70—Smart grids as climate change mitigation technology in the energy generation sector
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- Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
- Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
- Y04S10/00—Systems supporting electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y04S10/12—Monitoring or controlling equipment for energy generation units, e.g. distributed energy generation [DER] or load-side generation
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Abstract
the invention provides a stability control method for an active power distribution network interconnection system considering new energy access, which comprises the following steps: firstly, obtaining the optimal installation place of a controller by calculating the efficiency degree of the power system stabilizing controller; and secondly, dividing the controller into two layers, wherein the first layer is a local power system stability controller which is used for inhibiting a local oscillation mode and only feeds back signals of the local unit and is designed on a strongly-related unit, and the second layer is a remote interconnected power system stability controller which is arranged on the strongly-related unit aiming at the system interconnection oscillation mode. And finally, designing a local power system stability controller and a remote interconnected power system stability controller. The stability control method for the active power distribution network interconnection system considering new energy access has the advantages of effectively inhibiting low-frequency oscillation of the multi-state energy utilization interconnection system and improving the stable operation level of the active power distribution network system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of security and stability control of a multi-state energy utilization system, in particular to a stability control method of an active power distribution network interconnection system considering new energy access.
Background
When generators in a power system run in parallel through a transmission line, relative swing between the rotors of the generators can occur under disturbance, and continuous oscillation is caused when damping is insufficient. At this time, the power on the transmission line also oscillates correspondingly, and the oscillation frequency is low, generally 0.1-2.5Hz, which is called low-frequency oscillation. In recent years, with the increasing enhancement of the connection between active power distribution networks and the access of a large number of new energy sources such as distributed wind power, photovoltaic power generation and the like, the problem of low-frequency oscillation is increasingly prominent, the transmission capacity of the system is limited, and the safe operation of the power system is seriously threatened.
Low frequency oscillations can be roughly divided into two categories by the range they relate to and their frequency division: one is an inter-regional oscillation mode, which is the oscillation of one part of the cluster of the system relative to the other part of the cluster, the frequency range is 0.1-0.7 Hz, the harmfulness of the oscillation is large, and once the oscillation occurs, the oscillation can be transmitted to the whole system through a connecting line; the other type is a local oscillation mode, which is oscillation (which can be of a plant or a region type) between a plurality of generators with close electrical distances and the rest of the generators in the system, and the frequency range of the local oscillation mode is 0.7-2.5 Hz.
The cause of low frequency oscillations is mainly three-fold: under the action of a system regulator, based on a linear system theory, the characteristic root of the system is known to change, additional negative damping is generated, and the inherent positive damping of the system is counteracted, so that amplified oscillation is caused; when the input or disturbance signal of the system has a certain specific relation with the natural frequency of the system, resonance is induced, and the system appears as low-frequency oscillation when the system is in a low-frequency region; due to the influence of the nonlinear characteristic of the system, the stable structure of the system is changed in certain operation range, and low-frequency oscillation is caused; the new energy access enables the low-frequency oscillation amplitude and range to be increased.
The low-frequency oscillation not only limits the transmission power of the system, but also even leads to disconnection or instability of the system, so that the low-frequency oscillation is one of the most important problems which are caused by interconnection of active power distribution networks accessed by new energy and affect the stability of the system.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a stability control method for an active power distribution network interconnection system considering new energy access, solves the problem of low-frequency oscillation brought by the fact that a large number of distributed new energy machines are connected into the power distribution network for system interconnection, and has the advantages of effectively inhibiting the low-frequency oscillation of a multi-state energy-using interconnection system and improving the stable operation level of the active power distribution network system.
In order to achieve the purpose, the method for stably controlling the active power distribution network interconnection system considering the new energy access comprises the following steps of:
calculating the efficiency degree of the action of the power system stability controller to obtain the optimal installation place of the stability controller;
Dividing the stability controller into two layers, wherein the first layer is a local stability controller used for inhibiting a local oscillation mode, and the second layer is a remote interconnection stability controller used for a system interconnection oscillation mode;
Designing control parameters of the local stable controller according to the condition of a local unit;
And designing the remote interconnection stable controller of the power system according to the multi-target robust control requirement of the power system.
further, calculating the effectiveness of the power system stability controller further comprises: and calculating the effectiveness degree of the action of the stable controller by using a small disturbance model.
Further, the optimal installation location of the power system stability controller may be where its effectiveness is greatest.
Further, before designing the control parameters of the local stability controller, the method further includes: and selecting the unit to be provided with the local stability controller according to the efficiency of the power system stability controller.
Further, designing control parameters of the local stability controller of the power system further comprises: after the whole system mathematical model is linearized, the state equation of the standard is obtained as follows:
In the formula, K1~K6Are constants related to system structure, parameters and operation conditions. In general K1~K4, K6Is positive, and K5Which may be negative under heavy load, are defined as follows:
The control input delta V of the GPSS unit is arrangedGsAfter the original equation is substituted for K Δ ω, the control parameters in the result are used to design the local stability controller of the power system.
further, designing the remote interconnection stability controller of the power system further includes designing the remote interconnection stability controller of the power system by using a linear matrix inequality method.
Further, the damping characteristic of the power system stability controller is as follows: the damping ratio zeta is more than or equal to 10 percent, and the characteristic root real part sigma is less than or equal to-0.5.
Further, before calculating the effectiveness degree of the action of the power system stability controller and obtaining the optimal installation place of the stability controller, the method further comprises the following steps: and analyzing the structure of the active power distribution network interconnection system containing the new energy.
further, the local stability controller and the remote interconnected stability controller are installed on a strongly-relevant unit of the stability controller.
Further, the optimal installation site of the local stability controller and the remote interconnected stability controller is calculated and determined respectively.
The invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
The invention provides a stability control method of an active power distribution network interconnection system accessed by new energy aiming at the problem of low-frequency oscillation brought by the system interconnection caused by the fact that a large number of distributed new energy machine groups are accessed into a power distribution network, and the method comprises the following steps of firstly, calculating the efficiency degree of the power system stability controller to obtain the optimal installation place of a controller; and secondly, dividing the controller into two layers, wherein the first layer is a local power system stability controller which is used for inhibiting a local oscillation mode and only feeds back signals of the local unit and is designed on a strongly-related unit, and the second layer is a remote interconnected power system stability controller which is arranged on the strongly-related unit aiming at the system interconnection oscillation mode. Subsequently, a local power system stability controller and a remote interconnected power system stability controller are designed. Finally, simulation analysis verifies that the proposed method can inhibit low-frequency oscillation in the active power distribution network and in the interconnected system, and improves system stability and transmission power.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flow diagram of a method for stably controlling an active power distribution network interconnection system accessed by new energy according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a block diagram of stability control of an active power distribution network interconnection system.
fig. 3 is a transfer function block diagram of a power system dual excitation stability controller.
FIG. 4 is a block diagram of multi-target output feedback control.
Figure 5 is an LMI zone diagram.
fig. 6 is a wiring diagram of a two-zone four-machine system.
Fig. 7 is a comparison diagram of transmission power distribution according to GPX method addressing.
Fig. 8 is a comparison diagram of transmission power distribution when only a single unit is equipped with a PSS.
Fig. 9 is a graph comparing transmission power of interconnected systems of active distribution networks after installing power system stability controllers of different degrees.
Fig. 10 is a comparison graph of power angle difference between the units of the active power distribution grid interconnection systems 1 and 3 after different power system stability controllers are installed.
Detailed Description
To facilitate an understanding of the invention, the invention will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. Preferred embodiments of the present invention are shown in the drawings. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
At present, two countermeasures are mainly taken in the aspect of inhibiting low-frequency oscillation; primary system aspects (i.e. grid side): the method comprises the steps of enhancing a net rack, and reducing heavy-load transmission lines; adopting series capacitance compensation; adopting a direct current transmission scheme; installing a static var compensator and the like; secondary system aspect (i.e., power supply side): the method mainly adopts an additional excitation control scheme such as a power system stabilizer.
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures.
As shown in fig. 2, the method for establishing the comprehensive control based on the information of the remote interconnected unit and the local unit includes the following steps:
(1) And calculating the correlation coefficient to obtain the optimal installation position of the controller.
(2) The controller is divided into two layers, the first layer is a local power system stability controller which is used for inhibiting a local oscillation mode and only feeds back signals of a local unit and is designed on a strongly-related unit, and the second layer is a power system stability controller which is based on remote unit information and is arranged on the strongly-related unit aiming at an interconnection system oscillation mode. Their correlation for each mode can be determined from the potency in step 1. Thus, for a particular unit, there are four cases: i.e. there may be only the first layer or the second layer, both present or not, which is achieved by the switch K control. As shown in figure 2.
(3) and designing a local unit power system stability controller based on the traditional operation mode.
(4) Based on the multi-target robust control requirement of the system, a linear matrix inequality toolbox is adopted to design a remote interconnected system stability controller.
The method for calculating the action efficiency of the power system stability controller comprises the following steps: AVR in a system is first order (transfer function is) Neglecting the action of the speed regulator, the small disturbance model of the design of the power system stability controller containing a plurality of new energy source units in the system can be expressed as follows:
Wherein KeIs a diagonal matrix (n × n), T, of AVR gainseIs the time constant diagonal matrix (n × n) of the AVR. For brevity, this is:Where X is a state vector (mx 1), m is the total number of state variables, where m is 4 n; a is a system state matrix (m × m); u is the system control vector (m × 1).
The zero input response of the system can be expressed as:wherein, t is 0 and lambdaiThe characteristic values of the matrix A are different, and the different characteristic values represent different oscillation frequencies omega and different attenuation performances, which can also be called as different oscillation modes; c. CiIs the left eigenvector, u, of the matrix AiIs the right eigenvector of matrix A; right vector u each
In order to relieve the coupling effect between the state variables, the similarity transformation x is introduced to Pz, and the following can be obtained:
Wherein i is a component number, ziIs the i-th component of the vector z, λiIs in the i-th mode, upsilonikis a left-hand measure upsilonithe k component of (1), UkIs the k-th component of U. As can be seen from the above formula, vikReflective control UkFor mode λiSo that the power system of the No. j new energy generator outputs delta VsjThe control action on the mode can be expressed as:Wherein, KejDiagonal matrix K representing AVR gaineof the jth column vector, TejTime constant diagonal matrix T representing AVReThe (j) th column vector of (a),Denotes Δ EfIs the vector v corresponding to the jth component ofiThe component (c).
The control action of the output of the power system stability controller on the mode is not only related to the left vector, but also considers the influence of an excitation system, and is an efficiency measure of a transfer function of an eigenvalue relative to a power system stabilizer.
the effectiveness of the power system stability controller action can be expressed as:
In the formula, Gpssj(s) transfer function gain of control system when setting up power system stable controller for new energy machine number j,u corresponding to jth component representing Δ ωiS represents the current mode of the new energy bank.
the optimal installation site is based on the maximum matching principle, that is, the power system stability controller should be installed at the position with the maximum efficiency, and the local and remote power system stability controllers should respectively calculate and determine the installation site.
The design method of the local power system stability controller is that after a unit which is provided with the local power system stability controller is selected according to the efficiency degree of the local power system stability controller aiming at a local oscillation mode, control parameters are set, and the specific method for obtaining the control parameters is as follows:
After the whole system mathematical model is linearized, the state equation of the standard is obtained as follows:
In the formula, K1~K6Are constants related to system structure, parameters and operation conditions. In general K1~K4, K6Is positive, and K5which may be negative under heavy load, are defined as follows:
Inputting control input delta V of a unit provided with a local unit power system stability controllerGsAnd after the K delta omega is substituted into the original equation, the stability controller of the power system of the local unit can be designed according to the parameters in the obtained result.
The design method of the remote power system stability controller comprises the following steps of adopting H based on multiple targets2/H∞A control method.
When designing a remote power system stability controller, we define a function hinfmix for solving this type of control problem, which can be represented as the multi-target output feedback control problem shown in fig. 4:
namely, a controller K(s) is designed, so that the closed loop system satisfies the following conditions:
(1)||T∞||∞<γ0
(2)||T2||2<ν0
(3) the pole of the closed-loop system is located in a given LMI region D, and the performance index is enabledAnd (4) minimizing.
The general form of the function hinfmix is:
[gopt,h2opt,K,R,S]=hinfmix(P,r,obj,region,dkband,tol)
In the input terms of the function, P is the system matrix representation of the control object, r is a ternary vector, which in turn represents z2Y, u dimension. obj is a quaternary vector representing H2/H∞Constraint and performance index H∞and H2weight case of performance, obj ═ y0,υ0,α,β]Region represents a given region LMI. In the output, gopt, H2opt are respectively H of the closed-loop system∞,H2the performance index, K, is the feedback gain matrix that is sought.
In the invention, the first two targets are to improve the robustness of the system to external interference and uncertainty of system internal parameters, the third control target is to minimize the performance index under the condition of introducing pole region configuration, and α ═ β ═ 1 is selected.
the input feedback equation Y of the system is CX, and the control input Δ V of the systemHsKY contains remote unit information. U shape1=[ΔVHsj]or U1=[ΔVHsj,....,ΔVHsl]and j or j, 1 is a unit number which is determined according to GPX of each unit corresponding to an oscillation mode of a certain interval and needs to be provided with a remote power system stability controller.
In order to ensure the control effect, the damping characteristics of the low-frequency oscillation mode are required to be as follows: the damping ratio zeta is more than or equal to 10 percent, and the real part sigma of the characteristic root is less than or equal to-0.5. Such constraints indicate that the characteristic root of the system should be located to the left of the boundary line as shown in figure 5 of the accompanying drawings (referred to as the LMI region).
In FIG. 5, - (Y) is-0.5 and φ is-60If the pole of the closed-loop system can be arranged in the area, the system can be ensured to have certain dynamic and steady-state characteristics. The matrix of the required LMI regions is generated using the command region lmireg as follows:
and solving to obtain a coefficient matrix K of the power system stability controller based on the information of the remote unit according to the function.
The implementation process of the stability control method of the active power distribution network interconnection system specifically comprises the following steps:
Firstly, aiming at the operation condition of the system with the transmission power of 400MW shown in fig. 6, the tidal current and the small interference stability of the system are analyzed, the results are shown in tables 1 and 2, table 1 is the result of the tidal current calculation, table 2 is the characteristic value and the related parameters thereof, and the installation place of the power system stability controller is judged according to the results.
TABLE 1
TABLE 2
as can be seen from table 2, modes 1 and 3 are local new energy source set oscillation, and mode 2 is interconnection system oscillation mode. When the installation site of the power system stability controller is selected according to a power system stability controller action effectiveness method (GPX), the fact that the effectiveness of a new energy unit 2 to a local mode 1 is strongest, and the correlation of the new energy unit 1 to a mode 3 is strongest is found, so that local unit power system stability controllers are installed on the units 1 and 2; for the system interconnection oscillation mode, the utility degree of the unit 3 is the strongest, and the unit is 2 times, so that the unit 3 is selected to be assembled into a remote unit power system stability controller. For the site selection method, the simulation effect is shown in fig. 7, and it can be known that the effect of determining the installation site of the power system stability controller is better and the oscillation amplitude attenuation is faster according to the method provided by the invention. The GPX method herein considers the control action of the power system stable control output (i.e., the generator excitation system characteristic) on the mode, and the correlation is stronger than that of the unit 2 because the time constant of the unit 3 is small. The suppression of the excitation system characteristic for the mode is of some significance as an element of the addressing of the power system stability controller, and it can be seen from figure 8 that if one chooses to install only one power system stability controller, it is most appropriate to choose the installation on the unit 3, because the excitation system characteristic of the unit 3 acts most strongly.
By combining the above analysis, it can be known that the utility degree GPX of the power system stability controller is used as a basis for determining the installation location of the power system stability controller, and the accuracy is very high.
According to the structure and relevant parameters of the system, the invention provides a specific simulation result of the system under the action of the power system stability control method (local unit + remote unit) designed by the invention in the operation mode with the transmission power of 400 MW.
Simulation results under combined action of the local unit and the remote unit:
In order to obtain a more intuitive analysis and comparison, the invention respectively draws the transmission line power and the power angle difference between 1 and 3 machine groups under the three conditions of no action of a power system stability controller and only the action of a local machine group stability controller and the action of a local machine group + a remote machine group stability controller into a graph as follows: according to fig. 9 and fig. 10, when a large interval oscillation mode exists in the system or the system operation point deviates from the linearization reference point greatly, the general GPSS feeding back only the local information has little effect on the interval oscillation suppression, and may even deteriorate the stability of the system. At the moment, the controller with a two-layer structure (namely the local unit and the remote unit) is adopted to respectively take measures for the oscillation of the local system and the interconnected system, so that a more satisfactory effect can be obtained, the two types of oscillation modes are better inhibited, and particularly, the amplitude of the transmission power between the regions is quickly attenuated, the attenuation time is short, and the overall performance of the system is good. Therefore, the controller designed by the method has a good suppression effect on interval oscillation of the interconnected system, and has strong robustness on the change of the operation mode.
The above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A stability control method for an active power distribution network interconnection system considering new energy access is characterized by comprising the following steps:
calculating the efficiency degree of the action of the power system stability controller to obtain the optimal installation place of the stability controller;
Dividing the stability controller into two layers, wherein the first layer is a local stability controller used for inhibiting a local oscillation mode, and the second layer is a remote interconnection stability controller used for a system interconnection oscillation mode;
Designing control parameters of the local stable controller according to the condition of a local unit;
and designing the remote interconnection stable controller of the power system according to the multi-target robust control requirement of the power system.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein calculating the effectiveness of the power system stability controller further comprises: and calculating the effectiveness degree of the action of the stable controller by using a small disturbance model.
3. The active power distribution network interconnection system stability control method considering new energy access of claim 1, wherein the optimal installation site of the power system stability controller can be the place where the efficiency degree is maximum.
4. The active power distribution network interconnection system stability control method considering new energy access according to claim 1, wherein designing the control parameters of the local stability controller further comprises: and selecting the unit to be provided with the local stability controller according to the efficiency of the power system stability controller.
5. The active power distribution network interconnection system stability control method considering new energy access of claim 1, wherein designing control parameters of the local stability controller of the power system further comprises: after the whole system mathematical model is linearized, the state equation of the standard is obtained as follows:
In the formula, K1~K6Are constants related to system structure, parameters and operation conditions. In general K1~K4,K6Is positive, and K5Which may be negative under heavy load, are defined as follows:
The control input delta V of the GPSS unit is arrangedGsAfter the original equation is substituted for K Δ ω, the control parameters in the result are used to design the local stability controller of the power system.
6. The active power distribution network interconnection system stability control method considering new energy access of claim 1, wherein designing the remote interconnection stability controller of the power system further comprises designing the remote interconnection stability controller of the power system using a linear matrix inequality method.
7. The active power distribution network interconnection system stability control method considering the new energy access according to claim 1, wherein the damping characteristics of the power system stability controller are as follows: the damping ratio zeta is more than or equal to 10 percent, and the real part sigma of the characteristic root is less than or equal to-0.5.
8. The method for stability control of an active power distribution network interconnected system considering new energy access according to claim 1, wherein the step of calculating the degree of effectiveness of the action of the stability controller of the power system and obtaining the optimal installation location of the stability controller further comprises: and analyzing the structure of the active power distribution network interconnection system containing the new energy.
9. The active power distribution network interconnected system stability control method considering new energy access in claim 1, wherein the local stability controller and the remote interconnected stability controller are installed on strongly related units of the stability controller.
10. the active power distribution network interconnection system stability control method considering new energy access of claim 1, wherein optimal installation sites of the local stability controller and the remote interconnection stability controller are calculated and determined respectively.
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CN105633947A (en) * | 2015-10-23 | 2016-06-01 | 江苏省电力公司 | Positioning method for UPFC damping control |
CN108258700A (en) * | 2016-12-28 | 2018-07-06 | 中国电力科学研究院 | A kind of wide area damping control design method suitable for bulk power grid |
CN108879725A (en) * | 2018-07-09 | 2018-11-23 | 武汉大学 | Based on the Wide-area Time-delay damping output feedback controller control method for considering controller saturation that parameter Lyapunov is theoretical |
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