CN110571780A - Automatic positive and negative electrode switching protection device for automobile storage battery - Google Patents
Automatic positive and negative electrode switching protection device for automobile storage battery Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN110571780A CN110571780A CN201911039047.8A CN201911039047A CN110571780A CN 110571780 A CN110571780 A CN 110571780A CN 201911039047 A CN201911039047 A CN 201911039047A CN 110571780 A CN110571780 A CN 110571780A
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- electrode
- positive
- storage battery
- automobile
- diode
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- Pending
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- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000001012 protector Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000029305 taxis Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R16/00—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for
- B60R16/02—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements
- B60R16/03—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements for supply of electrical power to vehicle subsystems or for
- B60R16/033—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements for supply of electrical power to vehicle subsystems or for characterised by the use of electrical cells or batteries
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H11/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for preventing the switching-on in case an undesired electric working condition might result
- H02H11/002—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for preventing the switching-on in case an undesired electric working condition might result in case of inverted polarity or connection; with switching for obtaining correct connection
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
- H02J7/0034—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits using reverse polarity correcting or protecting circuits
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0047—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with monitoring or indicating devices or circuits
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of automobile circuits and discloses an automatic anode and cathode switching protection device for an automobile storage battery. The automatic conversion protection device mainly comprises a relay, a diode, an access electrode, an output electrode and the like, and has the advantages of simple structure, simple and convenient production, low cost and high safety and reliability. If the device is additionally arranged in an automobile storage battery circuit, under the action of the circuit characteristics of a relay and a diode, the positive and negative electrodes of the storage battery can be ensured to be always in a correct access state no matter whether the polarity of an external circuit corresponds to positive or negative, the potential safety hazard that circuit equipment is burnt down or even accidents are caused due to the fact that the polarity of the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the storage battery is inverted is avoided, a rectifying plate and a charging circuit of an automobile generator are well protected, and the use safety of an automobile is improved.
Description
Technical Field
the invention belongs to the technical field of automobile circuits, and particularly relates to an automatic anode-cathode switching protection device for an automobile storage battery.
background
The storage battery is an essential part of the automobile, can provide strong starting current for the starter when the automobile starts the engine, can assist the generator to supply power to the electric equipment when the generator is overloaded, and supplies power to the electric equipment when the engine is in idle speed. Meanwhile, the storage battery is also a high-capacity capacitor, so that electric appliances of the automobile can be protected. The design life of the existing automobile storage battery is 27 months, common household vehicles are relatively economical, the batteries of new vehicles are used for 3-4 years, and the batteries are required to be replaced about 2 years after being replaced once. The taxis are comparatively charged, the single-shift vehicle can be used for coming out of the house in one year, and the double-shift vehicle can be replaced in about 8-10 months.
Because the automobile storage battery is a consumable and needs to be replaced, the existing automobile storage battery has the following technical problems:
when the storage battery of the automobile is replaced, once the positive electrode and the negative electrode are connected reversely, the rectifying plate and the charging circuit of the generator of the automobile can be burnt out, and a fire disaster is easily caused.
disclosure of Invention
in order to solve one or more technical problems in the prior art, the invention provides an automatic switching protection device for the positive and negative electrodes of an automobile storage battery, which aims to realize the automatic switching of the positive and negative electrodes of the automobile storage battery, so that a generator rectifying plate and a charging circuit of an automobile are protected, and the safety is improved.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
an automatic anode-cathode switching protection device for an automobile storage battery comprises a first relay, a second relay, a first diode, a second diode, a first electrode and a second electrode which are used for being connected with a direct-current power supply, and a positive output electrode and a negative output electrode which are connected with an automobile circuit;
The first relay comprises a first coil, a first movable contact connected with the first electrode, a second movable contact connected with the second electrode, a first normally open contact and a first normally closed contact which are associated with the first movable contact, and a second normally open contact which is associated with the second movable contact, and the second relay comprises a second coil, a third movable contact connected with the first electrode, a fourth movable contact connected with the second electrode, a third normally open contact and a second normally closed contact which are associated with the third movable contact, and a fourth normally open contact which is associated with the fourth movable contact;
The first end of the first coil is connected with the anode of the first diode, the cathode of the first diode is connected with the first electrode, and the second end of the first coil is connected with the second electrode through the second normally-closed contact; a first end of the second coil is connected with a cathode of the second diode, an anode of the second diode is connected with the first electrode, and a second end of the second coil is connected with the second electrode through the first normally-closed contact;
The positive output electrode is connected with the second normally open contact and the third normally open contact respectively, and the negative output electrode is connected with the first normally open contact and the fourth normally open contact respectively.
furthermore, the output end of the first electrode is also connected with a short-circuit protector.
furthermore, the device also comprises a voltage limiting protection circuit, wherein one end of the voltage limiting protection circuit is connected with the first electrode, and the other end of the voltage limiting protection circuit is connected with the second electrode.
Furthermore, the voltage limiting protection circuit comprises a first voltage stabilizing diode, a second voltage stabilizing diode and a resistor, wherein two ends of the resistor are respectively connected with anodes of the first voltage stabilizing diode and the second voltage stabilizing diode, a cathode of the first voltage stabilizing diode is connected with the first electrode, and a cathode of the second voltage stabilizing diode is connected with the second electrode.
Further, the device also comprises a first positive indicator light and a second positive indicator light which are used for indicating the positive pole;
The first movable contact is also associated with a fifth normally open contact, and the third movable contact is also associated with a sixth normally open contact;
one end of the first positive indicator light is connected with the first electrode through the fifth normally-open contact, and the other end of the first positive indicator light is connected with the second electrode;
One end of the second anode indicator light is connected with the first electrode through the sixth normally-open contact, and the other end of the second anode indicator light is connected with the second electrode.
Further, the first positive indicator light and the second positive indicator light are both arrow lamps.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects or advantages:
the automatic switching protection device for the positive and negative electrodes of the automobile storage battery provided by the invention realizes polarity switching by using the relay, and can protect a generator rectifying plate and a charging circuit of the automobile after the automobile is additionally provided with the automatic switching protection device for the positive and negative electrodes of the automobile storage battery, so that the automobile can be normally started and the storage battery can be normally charged no matter how the positive and negative electrodes of the storage battery are connected, safety accidents caused by the fact that the positive and negative electrodes of the storage battery are connected inversely are avoided, and the safety of the automobile is improved.
Specific embodiments of the present invention are disclosed in detail with reference to the following description and drawings, indicating the manner in which the principles of the invention may be employed. It should be understood that the embodiments of the invention are not so limited in scope. The embodiments of the invention include many variations, modifications and equivalents within the spirit and scope of the appended claims.
features that are described and/or illustrated with respect to one embodiment may be used in the same way or in a similar way in one or more other embodiments, in combination with or instead of the features of the other embodiments.
It should be emphasized that the term "comprises/comprising" when used herein, is taken to specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps or components but does not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps or components.
drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive exercise.
Fig. 1 is a schematic block diagram of an automatic positive-negative electrode switching protection device for an automobile storage battery according to an embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of connection between an automobile battery positive-negative electrode automatic switching protection device and an automobile circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. The components of embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
it should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.
In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that the indication of the orientation or the positional relationship is based on the orientation or the positional relationship shown in the drawings, or the orientation or the positional relationship which is usually placed when the product of the present invention is used, or the orientation or the positional relationship which is conventionally understood by those skilled in the art, is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or the element which is indicated must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation and operate, and thus, cannot be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be further noted that the terms "disposed" and "connected" are to be interpreted broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, unless explicitly stated or limited otherwise; may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate. For those skilled in the art, the drawings of the embodiments with specific meanings of the terms in the present invention can be understood in specific situations, and the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described. The components of embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one description from another, and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
As shown in fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides an automatic switching protection device for positive and negative electrodes of an automobile battery, including a first relay, a second relay, a first diode D1, a second diode D2, a first electrode 101 and a second electrode 102 for accessing a dc power supply, and a positive output electrode 103 and a negative output electrode 104 for accessing an automobile circuit;
The first relay comprises a first coil K1, a first movable contact connected with a first electrode 101, a second movable contact connected with a second electrode 102, a first normally open contact K1-1 and a first normally closed contact K1-4 associated with the first movable contact, and a second normally open contact K1-2 associated with the second movable contact, wherein the second relay comprises a second coil K2, a third movable contact connected with the first electrode 101, a fourth movable contact connected with the second electrode 102, a third normally open contact K2-1 and a second normally closed contact K2-4 associated with the third movable contact, and a fourth normally open contact K2-2 associated with the fourth movable contact;
a first end of the first coil K1 is connected with an anode of a first diode D1, a cathode of the first diode D1 is connected with the first electrode 101, and a second end of the first coil K1 is connected with the second electrode 102 through a second normally-closed contact K2-4; a first end of the second coil K2 is connected with a cathode of the second diode D2, an anode of the second diode D2 is connected with the first electrode 101, and a second end of the second coil K2 is connected with the second electrode 102 through the first normally closed contact K1-4;
The positive output electrode 103 is respectively connected with the second normally open contact K1-2 and the third normally open contact K2-1, and the negative output electrode 104 is respectively connected with the first normally open contact K1-1 and the fourth normally open contact K2-2.
In a specific implementation process, it should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present invention, both the first relay and the second relay are conventional relays, such as relays in the JZ7 series, and the like, which is not limited herein.
In a specific implementation process, in order to prevent the short circuit of the automatic positive-negative electrode switching protection device of the automobile storage battery and further cause a safety accident, in a further implementation scheme, the output end of the first electrode 101 in the embodiment of the present invention is further connected with a short-circuit protector 105. Through setting up short circuit protector, can protect this automobile storage battery positive negative pole automatic switching protection device effectively, prevent that it from causing the incident when the short circuit appears. It should be noted that the short-circuit protector 105 in the embodiment of the present invention is a conventional short-circuit protector, and its specific model is not limited.
In a specific implementation process, in order to avoid that the automatic positive-negative electrode switching protection device of the automobile storage battery is damaged due to unstable voltage of the storage battery, in a further implementation scheme, the automatic positive-negative electrode switching protection device of the automobile storage battery provided by the embodiment of the invention further comprises a voltage limiting protection circuit, wherein one end of the voltage limiting protection circuit is connected with the first electrode, and the other end of the voltage limiting protection circuit is connected with the second electrode. Specifically, the voltage limiting protection circuit includes a first zener diode D3, a second zener diode 24, and a resistor R, two ends of the resistor R are respectively connected to anodes of the first zener diode D3 and the second zener diode D4, a cathode of the first zener diode D3 is connected to the first electrode 101, and a cathode of the second zener diode D4 is connected to the second electrode 102.
In a specific implementation process, in order to enable an automobile maintenance worker to better judge the positive and negative electrodes of the storage battery, in a further implementation, the automatic positive and negative electrode switching protection device for the automobile storage battery provided by the embodiment of the invention further comprises a first positive electrode indicator light H1 and a second positive electrode indicator light H2, which are used for indicating the positive electrode;
The first movable contact is also associated with a fifth normally open contact K1-3, and the third movable contact is also associated with a sixth normally open contact K2-3;
One end of a first positive indicator light H1 is connected with the first electrode 101 through a fifth normally open contact K1-3, and the other end of the first positive indicator light H1 is connected with the second electrode 102;
one end of the second positive indicator light H2 is connected with the first electrode 101 through a sixth normally open contact K2-3, and the other end of the second positive indicator light H2 is connected with the second electrode 102.
further, the first positive indicator light H1 and the second positive indicator light H2 are various, and arrow lamps are preferable in the embodiment of the present invention. The arrow lamp points to the positive pole, so that automobile maintenance personnel can judge the positive pole and the negative pole of the storage battery better.
The working principle of the automatic anode-cathode switching protection device for the automobile storage battery provided by the embodiment of the invention is as follows:
First, the automatic positive-negative switching protection device 100 of the automobile storage battery is connected to an automobile circuit, as shown in fig. 2, specifically, a first electrode 101 and a second electrode 102 of the automatic positive-negative switching protection device of the automobile storage battery are respectively connected to a positive electrode/a negative electrode of a storage battery 200, a positive output electrode 103 of the automatic positive-negative switching protection device 100 of the automobile storage battery is connected to the positive electrode of the automobile circuit, and a negative output electrode 104 is connected to the negative electrode of the automobile circuit.
When the first electrode 101 is connected with the positive electrode of the storage battery 200, and the second electrode 102 is connected with the negative electrode of the storage battery 200, the second relay works, the third normally-open contact K2-1, the fourth normally-open contact K2-2 and the sixth normally-open contact K2-3 are closed to supply power to the automobile, and the second normally-closed contact K2-4 is opened; when the first electrode 101 is connected with the negative electrode of the storage battery 200, and the second electrode 102 is connected with the positive electrode of the storage battery 200, the first relay works, the first normally open contact K1-1, the second normally open contact K1-2 and the fifth normally open contact K1-3 are closed to supply power to the automobile, and the first normally closed contact K1-4 is opened.
the automatic switching protection device for the positive and negative electrodes of the automobile storage battery provided by the embodiment of the invention utilizes the relay to realize polarity switching, and after the automatic switching protection device for the positive and negative electrodes of the automobile storage battery is additionally arranged on an automobile, a generator rectifying plate and a charging circuit of the automobile can be protected, the automobile can be normally started no matter how the positive and negative electrodes of the storage battery are connected, the storage battery can be normally charged, safety accidents caused by the fact that the positive and negative electrodes of the storage battery are connected reversely are avoided, and the safety of the automobile is improved.
finally, it should be noted that: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that changes may be made in the embodiments and/or equivalents thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. An automatic anode-cathode switching protection device of an automobile storage battery is characterized by comprising a first relay, a second relay, a first diode, a second diode, a first electrode and a second electrode which are used for being connected with a direct-current power supply, and a positive output electrode and a negative output electrode which are connected with an automobile circuit;
The first relay comprises a first coil, a first movable contact connected with the first electrode, a second movable contact connected with the second electrode, a first normally open contact and a first normally closed contact which are associated with the first movable contact, and a second normally open contact which is associated with the second movable contact, and the second relay comprises a second coil, a third movable contact connected with the first electrode, a fourth movable contact connected with the second electrode, a third normally open contact and a second normally closed contact which are associated with the third movable contact, and a fourth normally open contact which is associated with the fourth movable contact;
The first end of the first coil is connected with the anode of the first diode, the cathode of the first diode is connected with the first electrode, and the second end of the first coil is connected with the second electrode through the second normally-closed contact; a first end of the second coil is connected with a cathode of the second diode, an anode of the second diode is connected with the first electrode, and a second end of the second coil is connected with the second electrode through the first normally-closed contact;
the positive output electrode is connected with the second normally open contact and the third normally open contact respectively, and the negative output electrode is connected with the first normally open contact and the fourth normally open contact respectively.
2. The automatic positive-negative pole switching protection device for the automobile storage battery as claimed in claim 1, wherein the output end of the first electrode is further connected with a short-circuit protector.
3. The automatic positive-negative electrode switching protection device for the automobile storage battery according to claim 1, further comprising a voltage limiting protection circuit, wherein one end of the voltage limiting protection circuit is connected with the first electrode, and the other end of the voltage limiting protection circuit is connected with the second electrode.
4. The automatic positive-negative pole switching protection device for the automobile storage battery according to claim 3, wherein the voltage limiting protection circuit comprises a first voltage stabilizing diode, a second voltage stabilizing diode and a resistor, two ends of the resistor are respectively connected with anodes of the first voltage stabilizing diode and the second voltage stabilizing diode, a cathode of the first voltage stabilizing diode is connected with the first electrode, and a cathode of the second voltage stabilizing diode is connected with the second electrode.
5. The automatic positive-negative pole switching protection device for the automobile storage battery according to claim 1, further comprising a first positive pole indicator lamp and a second positive pole indicator lamp for indicating the positive pole;
the first movable contact is also associated with a fifth normally open contact, and the third movable contact is also associated with a sixth normally open contact;
One end of the first positive indicator light is connected with the first electrode through the fifth normally-open contact, and the other end of the first positive indicator light is connected with the second electrode;
one end of the second anode indicator light is connected with the first electrode through the sixth normally-open contact, and the other end of the second anode indicator light is connected with the second electrode.
6. The automatic positive-negative pole switching protection device for the automobile storage battery according to claim 5, wherein the first positive indicator light and the second positive indicator light are both arrow lamps.
Priority Applications (1)
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CN201911039047.8A CN110571780A (en) | 2019-10-29 | 2019-10-29 | Automatic positive and negative electrode switching protection device for automobile storage battery |
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CN201911039047.8A CN110571780A (en) | 2019-10-29 | 2019-10-29 | Automatic positive and negative electrode switching protection device for automobile storage battery |
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CN201911039047.8A Pending CN110571780A (en) | 2019-10-29 | 2019-10-29 | Automatic positive and negative electrode switching protection device for automobile storage battery |
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CN104600690A (en) * | 2013-10-31 | 2015-05-06 | 深圳市海洋王照明工程有限公司 | LED lamp and input polarity automatic converting circuit thereof |
CN104617773A (en) * | 2013-11-04 | 2015-05-13 | 深圳市海洋王照明工程有限公司 | Positive-negative automatic conversion circuit and power output module |
CN206077017U (en) * | 2016-10-12 | 2017-04-05 | 柳杨 | A kind of battery charger of polarity automatic conversion |
CN207320822U (en) * | 2017-09-07 | 2018-05-04 | 西京学院 | A kind of protective device of battery truck storage battery |
CN108092390A (en) * | 2017-12-23 | 2018-05-29 | 吕昊 | A kind of photovoltaic booster power for outdoor construction |
CN210608532U (en) * | 2019-10-29 | 2020-05-22 | 郑祖合 | Automatic positive and negative electrode switching protection device for automobile storage battery |
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US5371455A (en) * | 1993-10-08 | 1994-12-06 | Champion Freeze Drying Co., Ltd. | Control circuit for safe charging a rechargeable battery |
JP3090819U (en) * | 2002-05-13 | 2002-12-26 | 毅威科技有限公司 | Vehicle battery charger with automatic detection switching |
CN102638066A (en) * | 2011-09-29 | 2012-08-15 | 郭振华 | Electrodeless safety charger circuit |
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CN207320822U (en) * | 2017-09-07 | 2018-05-04 | 西京学院 | A kind of protective device of battery truck storage battery |
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CN210608532U (en) * | 2019-10-29 | 2020-05-22 | 郑祖合 | Automatic positive and negative electrode switching protection device for automobile storage battery |
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