CN110571527A - Graphene composite super-surface-based electromagnetic wave adjustable polarization converter - Google Patents
Graphene composite super-surface-based electromagnetic wave adjustable polarization converter Download PDFInfo
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- CN110571527A CN110571527A CN201910923444.5A CN201910923444A CN110571527A CN 110571527 A CN110571527 A CN 110571527A CN 201910923444 A CN201910923444 A CN 201910923444A CN 110571527 A CN110571527 A CN 110571527A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/30—Polarising elements
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/0006—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices
- H01Q15/0086—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices said selective devices having materials with a synthesized negative refractive index, e.g. metamaterials or left-handed materials
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/24—Polarising devices; Polarisation filters
- H01Q15/242—Polarisation converters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/24—Polarising devices; Polarisation filters
- H01Q15/242—Polarisation converters
- H01Q15/244—Polarisation converters converting a linear polarised wave into a circular polarised wave
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Abstract
The invention provides an electromagnetic wave tunable polarization converter based on a graphene composite super surface, which comprises mxn periodically arranged super surface units, wherein m is more than or equal to 2, n is more than or equal to 2, and each super surface unit comprises a dielectric substrate, a resonance structure, a graphene layer and a metal floor; the resonance structure is printed on the upper surface of the dielectric substrate; the graphene layer is loaded between the upper surface and the lower surface of the medium substrate, and can regulate and control the electromagnetic coupling between the resonant structure and the metal floor; the polarization converter is adjustable, orthogonal linear polarization conversion and circular polarization conversion can be achieved, different polarization conversion can be regulated and controlled by adjusting the Fermi energy level, the regulation and control mode is simple, and the polarization converter can be used for terahertz communication and radar detection systems.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of terahertz, and particularly relates to an electromagnetic wave adjustable polarization converter based on a graphene composite super surface, which can be used for terahertz communication and radar detection systems.
Technical Field
The polarization of electromagnetic waves is one of the basic characteristics, and can be classified into linear polarization, circular polarization, and elliptical polarization according to the kind, and in practical applications, electromagnetic waves are often decomposed into main polarization and orthogonal polarization in an orthogonal manner. Polarization requirements for electromagnetic waves are often different for different systems, for example, satellite communication uses circularly polarized electromagnetic waves, radar detection systems use two orthogonal linear polarizations or two orthogonal circularly polarized electromagnetic waves for detection scanning, and the like.
the polarization converter can reconstruct polarization of electromagnetic waves, and is divided into a microwave polarization converter, a terahertz polarization converter, and a light wave polarization converter according to operating frequencies. For example, in patent document entitled "a reflective broadband terahertz polarization converter" (application number: 20181020583.X, application publication number: CN108390157A) filed by Chongqing post and telecommunications university in 3.2018, a reflective terahertz polarization converter is disclosed, which is composed of a metal layer, an intermediate dielectric layer, and a metal double-opening resonance ring and a hollow disc printed on the upper surface of the metal dielectric layer. The reflector can efficiently convert X-polarized waves into Y-polarized waves in a terahertz broadband range, but can only realize polarization conversion of a single state. For example, in the patent document entitled "terahertz polarization converter based on split ring resonator" (application No. 201810472617.1, application publication No. CN109193169A) filed by the university of Chongqing post and electric, 5.2018, a terahertz polarization converter is disclosed, which is composed of a metal floor, an intermediate medium layer, and a metal double-split ring resonator and a single-split resonator printed on the upper surface of the medium layer, and can efficiently convert X-polarized waves into Y-polarized waves and also convert Y-polarized waves into X-polarized waves, and although polarization conversion between two states can be achieved, the conversion is limited to linear polarization states.
To sum up, the prior art only solves the technical problem of conversion between linear polarization and orthogonal linear polarization, but does not relate to polarization conversion between linear polarization and circular polarization in a terahertz frequency band, and the structures of the existing polarization converters correspond to the polarization conversion functions one to one, so that reconstruction regulation and control of the electromagnetic wave polarization conversion state cannot be realized by using the same polarization converter.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defect that the polarization conversion function of the existing polarization converter is difficult to dynamically adjust, the invention provides the terahertz electromagnetic wave adjustable polarization converter based on the graphene composite super surface, which is used for realizing the conversion between linearly polarized terahertz electromagnetic waves and orthogonally polarized or circularly polarized terahertz electromagnetic waves and has the characteristic of dynamically adjusting the polarization conversion function.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
An electromagnetic wave tunable polarization converter based on a graphene composite super surface comprises mxn periodically arranged super surface units, wherein m is more than or equal to 2, n is more than or equal to 2, and each super surface unit comprises a dielectric substrate, a resonant structure, a graphene layer and a metal floor; the resonant structure is printed on the upper surface of the dielectric substrate, and the center of the resonant structure (3) is superposed with the center of the super-surface unit (1); the graphene layer is loaded between the upper surface and the lower surface of the dielectric substrate, and can regulate and control the electromagnetic coupling between the resonant structure and the metal floor, so that the polarization state of incident electromagnetic waves can be dynamically adjusted.
In the above claims, the resonant structure is a diagonal rectangular metal ring or a bimetallic strip.
In the above claims, the length of the long side of the oblique rectangular metal ring is a, the length of the short side is b, and the control of the electromagnetic wave conversion frequency can be realized by adjusting the lengths of the long side a and the short side b, and the included angle between the long side of the oblique rectangular metal ring and the X-axis direction is 45 degrees.
In the above claims, the bimetal strips are parallel to each other and have a length a, and the control of the electromagnetic wave conversion frequency can be realized by adjusting the length of a, and the included angle between the length direction of the bimetal strips and the X-axis direction is 45 degrees.
In the above claims, the graphene layers are equidistant from the upper and lower surfaces of the dielectric substrate and parallel to each other.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. The super-surface unit adopted in the invention comprises the resonance structure and the graphene layer, and the graphene can adjust the electromagnetic transmittance of the super-surface unit, so that the electromagnetic coupling between the resonance structure and the metal floor is regulated and controlled, the conversion between the linearly polarized terahertz electromagnetic wave and the cross-polarized or circularly polarized terahertz electromagnetic wave can be realized, and the super-surface unit has the characteristic of dynamically adjustable polarization conversion.
2. The super-surface unit adopted in the invention adopts an integral graphene layer loading method, so that the regulation and control mode is simpler.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a resonant structure of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a diagram of simulation results of the change of Stokes S1 parameter with frequency according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a diagram of simulation results of the change of Stokes S3 parameter with frequency according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is the simulation result of the change of Stokes parameter with Fermi level under 1.8 THz.
Detailed Description
the invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings
With reference to FIGS. 1 and 2
An electromagnetic wave tunable polarization converter based on a graphene composite super surface comprises mxn super surface units 1 which are periodically arranged, wherein m is more than or equal to 2, n is more than or equal to 2, and each super surface unit 1 comprises a dielectric substrate 2, a resonant structure 3, a graphene layer 4 and a metal floor 5; the resonator is characterized in that the resonant structure 3 is printed on the upper surface of the dielectric substrate 2, and the center of the resonant structure 3 is superposed with the center of the super-surface unit 1; the graphene layer 4 is loaded between the upper surface and the lower surface of the dielectric substrate 2, and the graphene layer 3 can regulate and control the electromagnetic coupling between the resonant structure 5 and the metal floor 4, so that the polarization state of incident electromagnetic waves can be dynamically regulated.
the resonance structure 3 adopted in the invention is obliquely arranged, can decompose the linear polarization incident wave polarized along the X direction into an X linear polarization component and a Y linear polarization component, and can form a resonant cavity with the metal floor 5, thereby greatly enhancing the effect of polarization conversion, and the graphene layer 4 loaded between the dielectric substrate 2 can regulate and control the electromagnetic coupling strength between the resonance structure 3 and the metal floor 5, thereby changing the effect of polarization conversion.
The oblique rectangular metal ring 3.1 adopted by the resonance structure 3 can ensure that the phase difference between the X-ray polarization component and the Y-ray polarization component of the reflected wave is constant to ninety degrees, and on the premise, when the amplitudes of the X-ray polarization component and the Y-ray polarization component are equal, the conversion of circular polarization can be realized; and when the X-ray polarization component therein is 0, then orthogonal linear polarization transformation is achieved.
The resonance structure 3 adopts the bimetallic strips 3.2, each metal strip is the same and independent resonator, and the bimetallic strips are designed to generate coupling between the two same resonators, so that the bandwidth is greatly expanded; meanwhile, when the X-ray polarization component of the reflected wave is 0, orthogonal linear polarization conversion is realized, and when the phase difference between the X-ray polarization component and the Y-ray polarization component of the reflected wave is ninety degrees and equal in magnitude, circular polarization conversion can be realized.
Example 1
The length of the long side of the oblique rectangular metal ring 3.1 is a, the length of the short side is b, and the electromagnetic wave polarization conversion frequency can be adjusted by adjusting the lengths of a and b. The long side of the oblique rectangular metal ring 3.1 forms an angle of 45 degrees with the X-axis direction, and when l is 60 μm, a is 58 μm, b is 20 μm, w is 4.5 μm, and h is 12.5 μm, the optimal orthogonal linear polarization conversion and circular polarization conversion effects can be achieved.
According to the graphene composite super-surface based electromagnetic wave tunable polarization converter, the distance between the graphene layer 4 and the upper surface and the lower surface of the dielectric substrate 2 are equal, and the graphene layer and the upper surface and the lower surface of the dielectric substrate 2 are parallel.
Example 2
The bimetallic strips 3.2 are parallel to each other, the length of the bimetallic strips is a, and the electromagnetic wave polarization conversion frequency can be adjusted by adjusting the length of the a; the angle between the length direction and the X-axis direction of the bimetal strip 3.2 is 45 degrees, and when l is 60 μm, a is 58 μm, w is 4.5 μm, and h is 12.5 μm, the optimal orthogonal linear polarization conversion and circular polarization conversion effects can be achieved.
According to the graphene composite super-surface based electromagnetic wave tunable polarization converter, the distance between the graphene layer 4 and the upper surface and the lower surface of the dielectric substrate 2 are equal, and the graphene layer and the upper surface and the lower surface of the dielectric substrate 2 are parallel.
The technical effects of the present invention will be further explained in conjunction with simulation tests.
With reference to FIGS. 3, 4 and 5
1. Simulation conditions and contents
1.1 simulation conditions: the above embodiments were simulated using commercial simulation software COMSOL.
1.2 simulation content:
(1) Simulation calculation is carried out on the change of the Stokes parameters S1 of the super-surface unit 1 at different Fermi energy levels along with the frequency, and the result is shown in FIG. 3.
(2) Simulation calculation is carried out on the change of the Stokes parameters S3 of the super-surface unit 1 at different Fermi energy levels along with the frequency, and the result is shown in FIG. 4.
(3) Simulation calculation is carried out on the change of the Stokes parameter S3 of the super-surface unit 1 at 1.8THz along with the Fermi level, and the result is shown in FIG. 5.
2. analysis of simulation results
Referring to fig. 3(a), it is a schematic diagram of a simulation result of the change of Stokes S1 parameter with frequency when the resonant structure 3 of the present invention is an inclined metal ring 3.1; the abscissa represents the variation in frequency and the ordinate represents the Stokes S1 parameter; in the figure, the solid line shows the simulation result when the fermi level is 0.0eV, the broken line shows the simulation result when the fermi level is 0.5eV, and the dotted line shows the simulation result when the fermi level is 1.0 eV. In the case of incidence of an X-ray polarized electromagnetic wave, S1 has a minimum value when the fermi level is 0.0eV, and the bandwidth of S1 less than-0.9 is 23.2%, and particularly, when it is 2.3THz, S1 is equal to-1, meaning that the reflected wave at this point is Y-polarized, i.e., the super-surface achieves orthogonal linear polarization conversion, and S1 shows a tendency to increase as the fermi level increases.
referring to fig. 3(b), it is a schematic diagram of a simulation result of the change of Stokes S1 parameter with frequency when the resonant structure 3 of the present invention is a bimetal strip 3.2; the abscissa represents the variation in frequency and the ordinate represents the Stokes S1 parameter; in the figure, the solid line shows the simulation result when the fermi level is 0.2eV, the broken line shows the simulation result when the fermi level is 0.5eV, and the dotted line shows the simulation result when the fermi level is 1.0 eV. In the case of incidence of an X-ray polarized electromagnetic wave, S1 has a minimum value when the fermi level is 0.2eV, and the bandwidth of S1 less than-0.9 is 73.7%, and particularly, when it is 2.3THz, S1 is equal to-1, meaning that the reflected wave at this point is Y-polarized, i.e., the super-surface unit 1 achieves orthogonal linear polarization conversion, and S1 shows a tendency to increase with increasing fermi level.
Fig. 4(a) is a schematic diagram of a simulation result of the change of Stokes S3 parameter with frequency when the resonant structure 3 of the invention is an inclined metal ring 3.1; the abscissa represents the variation in frequency and the ordinate represents the Stokes S3 parameter; in the figure, the solid line shows the simulation result when the fermi level is 0.0eV, the broken line shows the simulation result when the fermi level is 0.5eV, and the dotted line shows the simulation result when the fermi level is 1.0 eV. In the case where an X-ray polarized electromagnetic wave is incident, at 1.8THz, S3 is equal to 1, meaning that the reflected wave at this point is left-handed circular polarized, i.e., the super surface unit 1 performs left-handed circular polarization conversion, S3 shows a tendency to increase with increasing fermi level.
Fig. 4(b) is a schematic diagram of a simulation result of the change of Stokes S3 parameter with frequency when the resonant structure 3 of the present invention is a bimetal strip 3.2; the abscissa represents the variation in frequency and the ordinate represents the Stokes S3 parameter; in the figure, the solid line shows the simulation result when the fermi level is 0.2eV, the broken line shows the simulation result when the fermi level is 0.5eV, and the dotted line shows the simulation result when the fermi level is 1.0 eV. In the case of incidence of an X-ray polarized electromagnetic wave, when the fermi level is 1.0eV, which is at 1.8THz, S3 is equal to 1, meaning that the reflected wave at this point is left-handed circular polarization, i.e., the super surface unit 1 achieves left-handed circular polarization conversion, and S3 shows a tendency to increase with increasing fermi level.
Fig. 5(a) is a schematic diagram of a simulation result of the change of Stokes parameters along with fermi energy level when the resonant structure 1 of the invention is an inclined metal ring 3.1; the abscissa represents the variation of fermi level and the ordinate represents Stokes parameter; in the figure, the solid line represents the simulation result of the Stokes S1 parameter, the dotted line represents the simulation result of the Stokes S2 parameter, and the dotted line represents the simulation result of the Stokes S3 parameter. In the case of incidence of an X-ray polarized electromagnetic wave, at an operating frequency of 2.3THz, when the fermi level changes from 0.0eV to 1.0eV, S1 changes from-1 to 0, S2 is close to 0, and S3 changes from 0 to 1, i.e., the super surface unit 1 achieves the effect of orthogonal polarization conversion to left-handed circular polarization conversion.
Fig. 5(b) is a schematic diagram of a simulation result of the change of Stokes parameters along with fermi level when the resonant structure 3 of the present invention is a bimetal strip 3.2; the abscissa represents the variation of fermi level and the ordinate represents Stokes parameter; in the figure, the solid line represents the simulation result of the Stokes S1 parameter, the dotted line represents the simulation result of the Stokes S2 parameter, and the dotted line represents the simulation result of the Stokes S3 parameter. In the case of incidence of an X-ray polarized electromagnetic wave, at an operating frequency of 1.8THz, when the fermi level changes from 0.2eV to 1.0eV, S1 changes from-1 to 0, S2 is close to 0, and S3 changes from 0 to 1, i.e., the super surface unit 1 achieves the effect of orthogonal polarization conversion to left-handed circular polarization conversion.
In summary, the super-surface unit 1 of the polarization converter can realize orthogonal linear polarization conversion and circular polarization conversion, and can regulate and control different polarization conversions by adjusting the fermi energy level.
the above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. The electromagnetic wave tunable polarization converter based on the graphene composite super surface comprises mxn super surface units (1) which are periodically arranged, wherein m is larger than or equal to 2, n is larger than or equal to 2, and each super surface unit (1) comprises a dielectric substrate (2), a resonant structure (3), a graphene layer (4) and a metal floor (5); the resonator is characterized in that the resonant structure (3) is printed on the upper surface of the dielectric substrate (2), and the center of the resonant structure (3) is superposed with the center of the super-surface unit (1); the graphene layer (4) is loaded between the upper surface and the lower surface of the dielectric substrate (2), and the graphene layer (3) can regulate and control electromagnetic coupling between the resonance structure (5) and the metal floor (4), so that the polarization state of incident electromagnetic waves can be dynamically adjusted.
2. the electromagnetic wave tunable polarization converter based on the graphene composite super surface according to claim 1, wherein the resonant structure (3) is a tilted rectangular metal ring (3.1) or a bimetallic strip (3.2).
3. The electromagnetic wave tunable polarization converter based on the graphene composite super surface according to claim 2, wherein the length of the long side of the oblique rectangular metal ring (3.1) is a, the length of the short side is b, the control of the electromagnetic wave conversion frequency can be realized by adjusting the lengths of the long side a and the short side b, and the included angle between the long side of the oblique rectangular metal ring (3.1) and the X-axis direction is 45 degrees.
4. The electromagnetic wave tunable polarization converter based on the graphene composite super surface according to claim 2, wherein the bimetallic strips (3.2) are parallel to each other, the length of the bimetallic strips is a, the control of the electromagnetic wave conversion frequency can be realized by adjusting the length of a, and the included angle between the length direction of the bimetallic strips (3.2) and the X-axis direction is 45 degrees.
5. The electromagnetic wave tunable polarization converter based on the graphene composite super surface according to claim 1, wherein the graphene layer (4) is equidistant from the upper and lower surfaces of the dielectric substrate (2) and is parallel to the upper and lower surfaces of the dielectric substrate (2).
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| CN111817025A (en) * | 2020-09-03 | 2020-10-23 | 浙江科技学院 | Adjustable graphene terahertz frequency selector |
| CN112630878A (en) * | 2021-01-12 | 2021-04-09 | 西安电子科技大学 | Filter based on nanopore array structure |
| CN112736438A (en) * | 2020-12-23 | 2021-04-30 | 同济大学 | Dual-band dielectric resonant antenna with optimized super-surface circular polarization |
| CN113131218A (en) * | 2021-03-29 | 2021-07-16 | 四川大学 | THz broadband switchable super surface for polarization conversion and wavefront regulation |
| CN113258295A (en) * | 2021-05-13 | 2021-08-13 | 浙江工业大学 | Method for realizing tunable electromagnetic induction transparency based on graphene-dielectric composite super surface |
| CN113451719A (en) * | 2021-03-22 | 2021-09-28 | 电子科技大学 | Design of dual electrical regulation super-surface switch filter |
| CN115877596A (en) * | 2022-12-20 | 2023-03-31 | 中国人民解放军军事科学院系统工程研究院 | Transmission type terahertz polarization converter based on graphene adjustable control |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111817025A (en) * | 2020-09-03 | 2020-10-23 | 浙江科技学院 | Adjustable graphene terahertz frequency selector |
| CN112736438A (en) * | 2020-12-23 | 2021-04-30 | 同济大学 | Dual-band dielectric resonant antenna with optimized super-surface circular polarization |
| CN112630878A (en) * | 2021-01-12 | 2021-04-09 | 西安电子科技大学 | Filter based on nanopore array structure |
| CN113451719A (en) * | 2021-03-22 | 2021-09-28 | 电子科技大学 | Design of dual electrical regulation super-surface switch filter |
| CN113131218A (en) * | 2021-03-29 | 2021-07-16 | 四川大学 | THz broadband switchable super surface for polarization conversion and wavefront regulation |
| CN113131218B (en) * | 2021-03-29 | 2022-11-11 | 四川大学 | THz broadband switchable super surface for polarization conversion and wavefront regulation |
| CN113258295A (en) * | 2021-05-13 | 2021-08-13 | 浙江工业大学 | Method for realizing tunable electromagnetic induction transparency based on graphene-dielectric composite super surface |
| CN113258295B (en) * | 2021-05-13 | 2022-11-04 | 浙江工业大学 | Method for realizing tunable electromagnetic induction transparency based on graphene-dielectric composite super surface |
| CN115877596A (en) * | 2022-12-20 | 2023-03-31 | 中国人民解放军军事科学院系统工程研究院 | Transmission type terahertz polarization converter based on graphene adjustable control |
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