CN110570015A - Multi-target planning method for power distribution network - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention relates to a multi-target planning method for a power distribution network, which is based on an energy storage operation strategy under a market environment and comprises the following steps: s1, establishing a power distribution network planning comprehensive evaluation system considering multi-index evaluation; s2, analyzing energy storage operation strategies of different investment subjects in the market environment; s3, establishing a power distribution network distributed energy planning multi-objective optimization model based on the power distribution network planning comprehensive evaluation system; s4, solving the power distribution network distributed energy planning multi-objective optimization model based on the improved particle swarm optimization algorithm to obtain an optimized power distribution network multi-objective planning scheme. The multi-target planning method for the power distribution network is simple and practical, improves the reliability and the power supply quality of the power distribution network, and has strong practical application background and engineering value.
Description
Technical Field
the invention relates to the technical field of power distribution network planning, in particular to a multi-target planning method for a power distribution network.
Background
with the development of a new power system reform, social capital participates in investment construction of a distribution network side, and a large amount of distributed energy represented by wind power, photovoltaic and energy storage is connected into the distribution network, so that a new challenge is provided for planning and running of the distribution network. The DER is connected to enable the power distribution network to be changed from one-way power flow to two-way power flow, and the operation management mode in the traditional power distribution network mode is not applicable any more. The large number of DER's are connected to the distribution network, so that system economy and safety are all challenged. In order to ensure the economical efficiency and the safety and stability of the system in the power distribution network planning process, scholars at home and abroad carry out a great deal of work.
however, a multi-objective evaluation index system is not established in the conventional power distribution network planning, the target considered by DER planning is too single, most planning models under a single investment subject are only considered, other investment subjects introduced by a distribution network side under the power market environment are not considered, and the proposed planning models are lack of persuasion.
Disclosure of Invention
the invention provides the multi-target planning method for the power distribution network, which is simple and practical, improves the reliability and the power supply quality of the power distribution network and has strong practical application background and engineering value in order to solve the problems that the conventional power distribution network planning considers too single target and the provided planning model is lack of persuasion.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
A multi-target planning method for a power distribution network is based on an energy storage operation strategy in a market environment, and comprises the following steps:
s1: establishing a power distribution network planning comprehensive evaluation system considering multi-index evaluation;
S2: analyzing energy storage operation strategies of different investment subjects in the market environment;
s3: establishing a power distribution network distributed energy planning multi-target optimization model based on the power distribution network planning comprehensive evaluation system;
s4: and solving the power distribution network distributed energy planning multi-target optimization model based on an improved particle swarm algorithm to obtain an optimized power distribution network multi-target planning scheme.
the multi-target planning method for the power distribution network firstly evaluates a comprehensive evaluation system of the power distribution network planning from multiple aspects, further analyzes operation strategies of energy storage under different investment subjects, establishes a DER multi-target optimization planning model in the power distribution network based on the comprehensive evaluation system and the energy storage operation strategies under different investment subjects, and finally solves the model by adopting an improved particle swarm algorithm.
Further, in step S1, the indexes include an economic index, an environmental protection index, a power supply quality index and a safety index, which are evaluated in many ways, so that the reliability is greatly improved.
Further, in step S2, the investment entity includes a power grid company and a third party company, and the operation strategy of the stored energy under different investment entities is further analyzed, so as to improve the reliability of the whole method.
Further, the economic indicators include:
(1) Equal annual DER investment, operation and maintenance cost
In the above formula, NDERis the total number of DER; r is the discount rate; n isiIs the economic life of class i DER; n is a radical ofSthe total number of scenes; p is a radical ofsThe occurrence probability of the s-th scene;Generating capacity of the ith DER at the time of s scene t; t is the working hours of the distributed power supply per day, and 24 hours are taken as a period;and PDER.iRespectively the investment cost, the operation and maintenance cost and the installed capacity of the unit capacity of the i-type DER;
(2) Profit from loss reduction
In the above formula, NlIs the total number of lines; c. Clossthe grid loss electricity price; i iss.t.land Is'.t.lRespectively connecting DER to the current on the ith branch in the t time period in the scene s before and after the DER is connected; rlthe resistance of the first branch circuit;
(3) Postpone the benefit of power grid upgrading
In the above formula, the first and second carbon atoms are,to allocate the annual investment delay benefits; phiLFor the set of all the legs in the network,investing in delay benefits for a single branch;
(4) subsidy income from renewable energy sources
In the above formula, cBsubsidizing the price of the unit electric quantity of the renewable energy sources;AndRespectively generating capacity PV and WG in a t period in a scene s;
(5) DER electricity sales revenue
In the above formula, CsellThe annual income of electricity selling for the power generator; n is a radical ofDGis the total number of distributed power sources;The price of electricity sold for the i-type DER;The accuracy and reliability of the whole method are high for the power generation amount of the ith class DER in the t period in the scene s.
Further, the environmental protection indexes are as follows:
In the above formula, αr,Gthe emission coefficient of the polluted gas is the unit generated energy of the main network; r is the total class of the exhausted polluted gas; beta is arThe treatment cost for different pollution gases;AndThe electric quantity is purchased by the main network before and after the DER is accessed, and the accuracy and the reliability of the whole method are high.
Further, the power supply quality index is as follows:
Wherein,
In the above formula, VPI is a voltage quality index; delta UiA voltage fluctuation improvement value for node i; phinIs a set of node numbers; dUi.maxAnd dUi'.maxmaximum voltages of a node i before and after DER access are respectively obtained; dUiIs a voltage fluctuation value; u shapei.minAnd Ui.maxthe minimum value and the maximum value of voltage fluctuation in the day are respectively; u shapeNthe accuracy and reliability of the whole method are high for rated voltage
Further, the safety indexes are as follows:
In the above formula, CSCSthe system is a comprehensive safety index; cLSS,s,t,nthe load safety power supply rate index of the nth branch fault in the t period in the scene s; s is the total number of scenes; n is the number of branches; t is staticThe number of time segments for safety analysis; converting the comprehensive safety index of the system into a constraint form as follows:
In the above formula, the first and second carbon atoms are,the method is the lowest limit of the comprehensive safety index of the system, and the accuracy and the reliability of the whole method are high.
Further, the parameters of the power distribution network distributed energy planning multi-objective optimization model comprise:
(1) objective function
In the above formula, λ1-λ6The variable is 0-1, and a planning decision maker selects part of indexes as optimization targets according to actual requirements;
(2) Constraint conditions
1) DER access capacity constraints
In the above formula, i is the access point to be accessed;the DER capacity of the access point i to be accessed is set;accessing the capacity upper limit for the DER of the ith node;
2) voltage quality index constraint
VPI≤λ
In the above formula, λ is a voltage quality index reference value;
3) system security index constraints
Cscs≥β
In the above formula, β is a system comprehensive safety index constraint reference value, and the accuracy and reliability of the whole method are high.
further, the energy storage operation strategy in the market environment includes: under the condition that a power grid company invests in energy storage, the strategy of energy storage operation is mainly to promote the local consumption of new energy, stabilize the fluctuation of the new energy and consider economic benefits as an energy optimization target; under the condition that a third-party company invests in energy storage, the strategy of energy storage operation is to track the price of electricity sold by the energy storage and the charge state of the energy storage.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
The invention constructs a power distribution network multi-target planning model based on different energy storage operation strategies under the market environment, firstly, a power distribution network planning comprehensive evaluation system evaluated from the aspects of economy, environmental protection, power supply quality, safety and the like is further analyzed, the operation strategies of energy storage under different investment subjects are further analyzed, based on the comprehensive evaluation index system and the energy storage operation strategies under different investment subjects, a DER multi-target optimization planning model in the power distribution network is established, and finally, an improved particle swarm algorithm is adopted to solve the model.
drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a multi-objective planning method for a power distribution network according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of an energy storage operation strategy with a power grid company as an investment subject;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of an energy storage operation strategy with a third party company as an investment principal;
FIG. 4 is a simplified diagram of a topology;
FIG. 5 is a price of electricity parameter graph;
FIG. 6 is a comparison of installed capacity for different investment entity plans;
FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating the values of the indices.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps:
The first embodiment is as follows:
As shown in fig. 1, a multi-objective planning method for a power distribution network is based on an energy storage operation strategy in a market environment, and includes the following steps:
S1: establishing a power distribution network planning comprehensive evaluation system considering multi-index evaluation;
S2: analyzing energy storage operation strategies of different investment subjects in the market environment;
S3: establishing a power distribution network distributed energy planning multi-target optimization model based on the power distribution network planning comprehensive evaluation system;
S4: and solving the power distribution network distributed energy planning multi-target optimization model based on an improved particle swarm algorithm to obtain an optimized power distribution network multi-target planning scheme.
The multi-target planning method for the power distribution network firstly evaluates a comprehensive evaluation system of the power distribution network planning from multiple aspects, further analyzes operation strategies of energy storage under different investment subjects, establishes a DER multi-target optimization planning model in the power distribution network based on the comprehensive evaluation system and the energy storage operation strategies under different investment subjects, and finally solves the model by adopting an improved particle swarm algorithm.
In the present embodiment, in step S1, the indexes include an economic index, an environmental protection index, a power supply quality index and a safety index, which are evaluated in many ways, so that the reliability is greatly improved.
As shown in fig. 2-3, in step S2, the investment entities include the power grid company and the third party company, and the operation strategy of the stored energy under different investment entities is further analyzed, so as to improve the reliability of the whole method.
in this embodiment, the economic indicators include:
(1) Equal annual DER investment, operation and maintenance cost
in the above formula, NDERIs the total number of DER; r is the discount rate; n isiIs the economic life of class i DER; n is a radical ofSThe total number of scenes; p is a radical ofsThe occurrence probability of the s-th scene;generating capacity of the ith DER at the time of s scene t; t is the working hours of the distributed power supply per day, and 24 hours are taken as a period;And PDER.irespectively the investment cost, the operation and maintenance cost and the installed capacity of the unit capacity of the i-type DER;
(2) Profit from loss reduction
in the above formula, NlIs the total number of lines; c. Clossthe grid loss electricity price; i iss.t.lAnd Is'.t.lRespectively connecting DER to the current on the ith branch in the t time period in the scene s before and after the DER is connected; rlThe resistance of the first branch circuit;
(3) Postpone the benefit of power grid upgrading
in the above formula, the first and second carbon atoms are,To allocate the annual investment delay benefits; phiLFor the set of all the legs in the network,Investing in delay benefits for a single branch;
(4) Subsidy income from renewable energy sources
In the above formula, cBSubsidizing the price of the unit electric quantity of the renewable energy sources;AndRespectively generating capacity PV and WG in a t period in a scene s;
(5) DER electricity sales revenue
In the above formula, CsellThe annual income of electricity selling for the power generator; n is a radical ofDGis the total number of distributed power sources; the price of electricity sold for the i-type DER; the accuracy and reliability of the whole method are high for the power generation amount of the ith class DER in the t period in the scene s.
in this embodiment, the environmental protection index is:
In the above formula, the emission coefficient of the polluted gas is the unit generated energy of the main network; r is the total class of the exhausted polluted gas; the treatment cost for different pollution gases; and the electric quantity is purchased for the main network before and after the DER is accessed, and the accuracy and the reliability of the whole method are high.
In this embodiment, the power supply quality index is:
wherein,
in the above formula, the voltage quality index is shown; a voltage fluctuation improvement value for node i; is a set of node numbers; and maximum voltages of the DER before and after being connected to the node i respectively; is a voltage fluctuation value; and the minimum value and the maximum value of the voltage fluctuation in the day are respectively; the accuracy and reliability of the whole method are high for rated voltage
In this embodiment, the safety indexes are:
In the above formula, the system is a comprehensive safety index; the load safety power supply rate index of the nth branch fault in the t period in the scene s; is the total number of scenes; the number of branches; number of time segments for static security analysis; converting the comprehensive safety index of the system into a constraint form as follows:
in the above formula, the minimum limit is the comprehensive safety index of the system, and the accuracy and reliability of the whole method are high.
In this embodiment, the parameters of the power distribution network distributed energy planning multi-objective optimization model include:
(1) Objective function
In the above formula, the-is a variable of 0-1, and a planning decision maker selects part of indexes as optimization targets according to actual requirements;
(2) constraint conditions
1) DER access capacity constraints
In the above formula, i is the access point to be accessed; DER capacity of the point to be accessed; accessing the capacity upper limit for the DER of the ith node;
2) Voltage quality index constraint
VPI≤λ
In the above formula, the reference value is the voltage quality index;
3) System security index constraints
Cscs≥β
In the above formula, the reference value is constrained for the comprehensive safety index of the system, and the accuracy and reliability of the whole method are high.
in this embodiment, the energy storage operation strategy in the market environment includes: under the condition that a power grid company invests in energy storage, the strategy of energy storage operation is mainly to promote the local consumption of new energy, stabilize the fluctuation of the new energy and consider economic benefits as an energy optimization target; under the condition that a third-party company invests in energy storage, the strategy of energy storage operation is to track the price of electricity sold by the energy storage and the charge state of the energy storage.
example two:
on the basis of the first embodiment, the multi-target planning method for the power distribution network in the first embodiment is adopted for example, a 2-supply-1-backup medium-voltage power distribution network topology is adopted for simulation analysis, a simplified topology structure diagram is shown in fig. 4, DER candidate nodes are L3, L5, L8, L14, L16 and L21, and economic index design electricity price data in a model is shown in fig. 5.
In order to analyze the influence of different energy storage investment bodies on the planning result in the market environment, two planning schemes are designed:
scheme 1: assuming that a power grid company is used as an investment subject, the concerned benefits include direct income and indirect income brought by DER, the direct income includes power selling income and subsidy income, the indirect income includes loss reduction income, power grid transformation income delay and environmental protection income, therefore, the target function index weight is set as that, and the energy storage operation strategy is shown in FIG. 2;
scheme 2: assuming that a third-party company is taken as an investment subject, the interest of the third-party company is only direct benefits brought by DER access, namely electricity selling and subsidy benefits, therefore, the target function index weight is set, and the energy storage operation strategy is shown in FIG. 3.
The results of the configuration under both schemes are shown in fig. 6 and 7, where the data with x represents the indirect benefit.
according to the example result, the wind-light configuration capacities under the two schemes are basically consistent and almost maximized access is achieved; and the energy storage capacity configured by the third-party company for the investment subject is far larger than that configured by the power grid company for the investment subject. The reason is that the third-party company focuses on the direct benefit of energy storage, controls the energy storage to operate in a low-charging high-discharging mode in order to maximize the investment benefit of the energy storage, and utilizes the peak-valley price difference to arbitrage, so that the benefit is far greater than the cost, and more energy storage is selected to be configured; when the power grid company is used as an investment main body, the stored energy operates in a mode of promoting the new energy to be consumed on the spot, the economic benefit obtained by charging and discharging the stored energy is low in the mode, and the power grid company cannot invest excessive stored energy.
from the voltage quality indexes in fig. 7, the voltage quality indexes of both schemes are negative, which indicates that DER configured in both schemes has an effect of improving voltage fluctuation, and scheme 2 is configured with more energy storage than scheme 1, but since the energy storage in scheme 2 operates in a low charge and high discharge mode and does not have an effect of stabilizing power fluctuation, the voltage fluctuation improvement effect is poorer than that of scheme 1.
From the comprehensive safety index of the system, the scheme 2 is slightly higher than the scheme 1 by 0.02, AND the configuration result shows that the mounting capacities of PV AND WG under the two schemes are basically consistent, AND the energy storage of the scheme 2 is more than that of the scheme 1, so that the effect of ensuring the stable power supply of the system when the energy storage is in an AND fault is shown, AND the comprehensive safety of the system can be improved by the energy storage.
the above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all modifications of equivalent structures and equivalent processes, which are made by the present specification, or directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The multi-target planning method for the power distribution network is characterized by being based on an energy storage operation strategy under a market environment and comprising the following steps of:
S1: establishing a power distribution network planning comprehensive evaluation system considering multi-index evaluation;
S2: analyzing energy storage operation strategies of different investment subjects in the market environment;
s3: establishing a power distribution network distributed energy planning multi-target optimization model based on the power distribution network planning comprehensive evaluation system;
S4: and solving the power distribution network distributed energy planning multi-target optimization model based on an improved particle swarm algorithm to obtain an optimized power distribution network multi-target planning scheme.
2. the multi-objective power distribution network planning method according to claim 1, wherein in step S1, the indicators include economic indicators, environmental protection indicators, power supply quality indicators, and safety indicators.
3. the multi-objective power distribution network planning method according to claim 1, wherein in step S2, the investment entities include a power grid company and a third party company.
4. The multi-objective power distribution network planning method according to claim 2, wherein the economic indicators include:
(1) equal annual DER investment, operation and maintenance cost
In the above formula, NDERis the total number of DER; r is the discount rate; n isiis the economic life of class i DER; n is a radical ofSThe total number of scenes; p is a radical ofsThe occurrence probability of the s-th scene;generating capacity of the ith DER at the time of s scene t; t is the working hours of the distributed power supply per day, and 24 hours are taken as a period;And PDER.iRespectively the investment cost, the operation and maintenance cost and the installed capacity of the unit capacity of the i-type DER;
(2) profit from loss reduction
In the above formula, NlIs the total number of lines; c. ClossThe grid loss electricity price; i iss.t.lAnd l's.t.lRespectively connecting DER to the current on the ith branch in the t time period in the scene s before and after the DER is connected; rlThe resistance of the first branch circuit;
(3) postpone the benefit of power grid upgrading
in the above formula, the first and second carbon atoms are,to allocate the annual investment delay benefits; phiLfor the set of all the legs in the network,Investing in delay benefits for a single branch;
(4) subsidy income from renewable energy sources
In the above formula, cBSubsidizing the price of the unit electric quantity of the renewable energy sources;andrespectively generating capacity PV and WG in a t period in a scene s;
(5) DER electricity sales revenue
in the above formula, CsellThe annual income of electricity selling for the power generator; n is a radical ofDGIs the total number of distributed power sources;The price of electricity sold for the i-type DER;is the power generation amount of the i-th class DER in the t period in the scene s.
5. The multi-objective planning method for the power distribution network according to claim 2, wherein the environmental protection indexes are as follows:
in the above formula, αr,GThe emission coefficient of the polluted gas is the unit generated energy of the main network; r is the total class of the exhausted polluted gas; beta is arFor different pollution gas treatment costs；andand respectively purchasing electric quantity for the main network before and after DER access.
6. the multi-objective planning method for the power distribution network according to claim 2, wherein the power supply quality indexes are as follows:
Wherein,
In the above formula, VPI is a voltage quality index; delta Uia voltage fluctuation improvement value for node i; phinis a set of node numbers; dUi.maxand dU'i.maxMaximum voltages of a node i before and after DER access are respectively obtained; dUiIs a voltage fluctuation value; u shapei.minAnd Ui.maxThe minimum value and the maximum value of voltage fluctuation in the day are respectively; u shapeNIs a rated voltage.
7. the multi-objective planning method for the power distribution network according to claim 2, wherein the safety indexes are as follows:
in the above formula, CSCSThe system is a comprehensive safety index; cLSS,s,t,nThe load safety power supply rate index of the nth branch fault in the t period in the scene s; s is the total number of scenes; n is the number of branches; t is the number of static safety analysis time periods; converting the comprehensive safety index of the system into a constraint form as follows:
In the above formula, the first and second carbon atoms are,the method is the lowest limit of the comprehensive safety index of the system.
8. The multi-objective planning method for the power distribution network according to claim 1, wherein the parameters of the multi-objective optimization model for the distributed energy planning of the power distribution network comprise:
(1) objective function
In the above formula, λ1-λ6The variable is 0-1, and a planning decision maker selects part of indexes as optimization targets according to actual requirements;
(2) constraint conditions
1) DER access capacity constraints
In the above formula, i is the access point to be accessed;The DER capacity of the access point i to be accessed is set;accessing the capacity upper limit for the DER of the ith node;
2) voltage quality index constraint
VPI≤λ
In the above formula, λ is a voltage quality index reference value;
3) System security index constraints
Cscs≥β
In the above formula, β is a system comprehensive safety index constraint reference value.
9. the multi-objective planning method for the power distribution network according to claim 3, wherein the energy storage operation strategy in the market environment comprises: under the condition that a power grid company invests in energy storage, the strategy of energy storage operation is mainly to promote the local consumption of new energy, stabilize the fluctuation of the new energy and consider economic benefits as an energy optimization target; under the condition that a third-party company invests in energy storage, the strategy of energy storage operation is to track the price of electricity sold by the energy storage and the charge state of the energy storage.
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