CN110569110B - Block chain method and electronic equipment supporting interactive multiple virtual machines - Google Patents
Block chain method and electronic equipment supporting interactive multiple virtual machines Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F9/00—Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units
- G06F9/06—Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units using stored programs, i.e. using an internal store of processing equipment to receive or retain programs
- G06F9/44—Arrangements for executing specific programs
- G06F9/455—Emulation; Interpretation; Software simulation, e.g. virtualisation or emulation of application or operating system execution engines
- G06F9/45533—Hypervisors; Virtual machine monitors
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- G06F9/00—Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units
- G06F9/06—Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units using stored programs, i.e. using an internal store of processing equipment to receive or retain programs
- G06F9/44—Arrangements for executing specific programs
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- G06F9/45533—Hypervisors; Virtual machine monitors
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Abstract
The invention discloses a blockchain method supporting interactive multiple virtual machines, electronic equipment and a computer-readable storage medium. The method comprises the following steps: inserting a universal API layer between various virtual machines and a world state, wherein the universal API layer is used for butting various virtual machines, and on a block chain consensus node, a consensus module calls the API layer to deliver packaged transactions to the virtual machines for execution; when the virtual machine is executed, reading and writing the state, and reversely operating the state data on the node through the callback of the API layer; creating a contract, wherein when a contract publisher publishes the contract, a field is attached to indicate the type of a virtual machine which needs to be interpreted and executed by the contract; when a contract caller calls a contract, a block chain system acquires the virtual machine type declared by a contract publisher, and inputs of the contract caller and a contract code are jointly transmitted to a virtual machine of a specified type for interpretation and execution; and finishing the transaction to finish the modification of the world state of the block chain.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of block chains, and particularly relates to a block chain method, electronic equipment and a computer-readable storage medium for supporting interactive multiple virtual machines.
Background
As the application complexity of the blockchain system increases, the processing requirements for the blockchain system become higher and higher. In the prior art, a blockchain (blockchain) refers to a series of transaction records that are cryptographically connected and protect content. Each tile contains the cryptographic hash of the previous tile, the corresponding timestamp, and the transaction data, such that the content of the tile has tamper-resistant characteristics. The use of distributed accounts concatenated with blockchains allows both parties to effectively record transactions and to permanently validate such transactions. A virtual machine (virtual machine) refers to a complete computer system which is simulated by software, has complete hardware system functions and operates in an isolation environment; such as a virtualized physical machine VMware, a Java virtual machine, etc. The blockchain virtual machine is a code running environment established on a blockchain system, and is mainly used for processing intelligent contracts in the blockchain system. A smart contract (smart contract) is a computer protocol that aims to propagate, verify or execute contracts in an informative way. May contain some arbitrary data or functions that parse data, may receive user input and direct the virtual machine to parse through the user input. Smart contracts allow trusted transactions to be conducted without third parties, which transactions are traceable and irreversible. World state is a mapping of addresses (accounts) to account states, and can be viewed as a global state that is continually updated as transactions are performed. All information for an account is embodied in the world state and is maintained by the world state tree.
By the blockchain system defined in the above way, most blockchain systems currently running only support running one virtual machine on one chain, for example, an etherhouse only supports the EVM virtual machine, and an EOS only supports the WASM virtual machine. The existing virtual machine operates the state from an instruction level, so that the world state and the virtual machine are tightly coupled, the state of a block chain depends on a specific virtual machine, such as an EVM (virtual machine management module) and the world state of the virtual machine are coupled, and an EVM bottom layer provides instructions for operating the world state (such as instructions of two read-write states of SSTORE and SSLOAD). This uniqueness of supporting virtual machines greatly limits the contract programming languages that a blockchain system can support.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above technical problems, the present invention is directed to providing a blockchain method, an electronic device and a computer-readable storage medium supporting interactive multi-virtual machines, for strictly decoupling a world state and a virtual machine so that a state of a blockchain is not dependent on a specific virtual machine.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a blockchain method for supporting multiple interactive virtual machines, including:
inserting a universal API layer between various virtual machines and a world state, wherein the universal API layer is used for butting various virtual machines, and on a block chain consensus node, a consensus module calls the API layer to deliver packaged transactions to the virtual machines for execution; when the virtual machine is executed, reading and writing the state, and reversely operating the state data on the node through the callback of the API layer;
creating a contract, wherein when a contract publisher publishes the contract, a field is attached to indicate the type of a virtual machine which needs to be interpreted and executed by the contract;
when a contract caller calls a contract, a block chain system acquires the virtual machine type declared by a contract publisher, and inputs of the contract caller and a contract code are jointly transmitted to a virtual machine of a specified type for interpretation and execution;
and finishing the transaction to finish the modification of the world state of the block chain.
In one possible design of the first aspect, the cross-virtual machine call of the contract is further included.
In a possible design of the first aspect, the cross-virtual machine invocation of the contract is specifically: if the first contract declaration is executed by a first virtual machine and the second contract declaration is executed by a second virtual machine, the first contract calls the second contract by calling and obtains an output result of the second contract.
In one possible design of the first aspect, the contract is implemented across virtual machine calls as follows:
initializing a first virtual machine, loading the input of a contract caller and the code of a first contract and starting interpretation and execution;
discovering that a first contract requires invoking a second contract;
initializing a second virtual machine, loading input data sent to a second contract by a first contract and codes of the second contract, and starting interpretation and execution;
the second contract finishes executing, releases the second virtual machine and returns the executing result to the first virtual machine;
the first contract finishes executing and releases the first virtual machine.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an electronic device, which includes a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, where the computer program is executed by the processor to perform the above-mentioned method for supporting a blockchain of interactive multiple virtual machines.
In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, where a computer program is stored on the computer-readable storage medium, and the computer program is executed by a processor to perform the above-mentioned method for supporting a blockchain of interactive multiple virtual machines.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the world state and the virtual machines are strictly decoupled, so that the state of a block chain does not depend on a specific virtual machine, the world state provides a set of public API, and any virtual machine realizing the set of API can be seamlessly accessed in, so that a contract can be called across the virtual machines;
(2) the block chain system supports multiple virtual machines, which means that more programming languages are supported to write intelligent contracts, and the development threshold is greatly reduced. Meanwhile, cross-virtual machine calling between contracts greatly enhances development flexibility and further expands development ecology of contracts.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a method for supporting interactive multi-virtual machine blockchain according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention discloses a block chain method for supporting interactive multiple virtual machines, which comprises the following steps:
referring to fig. 1, a universal API layer is inserted between various virtual machines and a world state, and is used for interfacing various types of virtual machines, and on a block chain consensus node, a consensus module calls the API layer to deliver a packaged transaction to the virtual machine for execution; and when the virtual machine is executed, reading and writing the state, and reversely operating the state data on the node through the callback of the API layer. With the structure set above, contract creation, contract invocation, and transaction end steps are performed. Specifically, the contract is created, and when a contract publisher publishes the contract, a field is attached to indicate the type of the virtual machine which needs to be interpreted and executed by the contract; when a contract caller calls a contract, a block chain system acquires the virtual machine type declared by a contract publisher, and inputs of the contract caller and a contract code are jointly transmitted to a virtual machine of a specified type for interpretation and execution; and finishing the transaction to finish the modification of the world state of the block chain.
By the block chain method supporting the interactive multiple virtual machines, the world state and the virtual machines are strictly decoupled, so that the state of the block chain is independent of a specific virtual machine, the world state provides a set of public API, and any virtual machine realizing the set of API can be seamlessly accessed.
On the premise of supporting multiple virtual machines, the method is further perfected, and cross-virtual machine calling of contracts is realized. The cross-virtual machine calling of the contract means that if a first contract declares that a first virtual machine executes a second contract declares that a second virtual machine executes, the first contract may call a second contract by a contract calling mode and obtain an output result of the second contract. The process is as follows: initializing a first virtual machine, loading the input of a contract caller and the code of a first contract and starting interpretation and execution; discovering that a first contract requires invoking a second contract; initializing a second virtual machine, loading input data and second codes which are sent to the second contract by the first contract, and starting interpretation and execution; the second contract finishes executing, releases the second virtual machine and returns the executing result to the first virtual machine; the first contract finishes executing and releases the first virtual machine. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the virtual machine type is not specifically limited herein, and may be an existing or future implemented virtual machine type such as EVM (Ethernet virtual machine), CKB-VM (Nervos RISC-V based virtual machine), JIT (Java virtual machine), etc., i.e., the virtual machine is transparent to contract invocations.
The support of the block chain system on multiple virtual machines means that more programming language write intelligent contracts are supported, and the development threshold is greatly reduced. Meanwhile, cross-virtual machine calling between contracts greatly enhances development flexibility and further expands development ecology of contracts.
The electronic device of the embodiment of the present invention is described in detail below with reference to fig. 2. On a hardware level, the electronic device includes a processor, and optionally an internal bus, a network interface, and a memory. The Memory may include a Memory, such as a Random-Access Memory (RAM), and may further include a Non-Volatile Memory (NVM), such as at least one disk Memory. Of course, the electronic device may also include hardware required for other services.
The processor, the network interface, and the memory may be interconnected by an internal bus, which may be an Industry Standard Architecture (ISA) bus, a Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) bus, an Extended ISA (EISA) bus, or the like. Wherein the bus can be divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, etc. For ease of illustration, only one double-headed arrow is shown in FIG. 2, but this does not represent only one bus or one type of bus.
The memory for storing the program, in particular, the program may include program code including computer operating instructions, the memory may include memory and non-volatile storage, and provide instructions and data to the processor.
The processor reads the corresponding computer program from the nonvolatile memory into the memory and then runs the computer program to form the content recommendation device on a logic level. And the processor is used for executing the program stored in the memory and is specifically used for executing the method operation executed when the server is taken as an execution main body.
The above-described blockchain method for supporting interactive multiple virtual machines according to the embodiment of the present invention may be applied to a processor, or implemented by the processor. The processor may be an integrated circuit chip having signal processing capabilities. In implementation, the steps of the above method may be performed by integrated logic circuits of hardware in a processor or instructions in the form of software. The Processor may be a general-purpose Processor, including a Central Processing Unit (CPU), a Network Processor (NP), etc., and may also be a Digital Signal Processor (DSP), an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) or other Programmable logic device, a discrete Gate or transistor logic device, or a discrete hardware component. The various methods, steps and logic blocks disclosed in embodiments of the present invention may be implemented or performed. A general purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor may be any conventional processor or the like. The steps of the method disclosed in connection with the embodiments of the present invention may be directly implemented by a hardware decoding processor, or implemented by a combination of hardware and software modules in a decoder. The software module may be located in ram, flash memory, rom, prom, or eprom, registers, etc. storage media as is well known in the art. The storage medium is located in the memory, the processor reads information in the memory, and the steps of the method are completed by combining hardware of the processor, and specific execution steps refer to method embodiments and are not described herein again.
Of course, the electronic device in the embodiment of the present specification does not exclude other implementations, such as a logic device or a combination of software and hardware, besides a software implementation, that is, the execution subject of the following processing flow is not limited to each logic unit, and may be hardware or a logic device.
Embodiments of the present invention also provide a computer-readable storage medium storing one or more programs that, when executed by an electronic device including a plurality of application programs, cause the electronic device to perform the following operations such that a blockchain method supporting interactive multiple virtual machines is implemented:
inserting a universal API layer between various virtual machines and a world state, wherein the universal API layer is used for butting various virtual machines, and on a block chain consensus node, a consensus module calls the API layer to deliver packaged transactions to the virtual machines for execution; and when the virtual machine is executed, reading and writing the state, and reversely operating the state data on the node through the callback of the API layer. With the structure set above, contract creation, contract invocation, and transaction end steps are performed. Specifically, the contract is created, and when a contract publisher publishes the contract, a field is attached to indicate the type of the virtual machine which needs to be interpreted and executed by the contract; when a contract caller calls a contract, a block chain system acquires the virtual machine type declared by a contract publisher, and inputs of the contract caller and a contract code are jointly transmitted to a virtual machine of a specified type for interpretation and execution; and finishing the transaction to finish the modification of the world state of the block chain.
By the block chain method supporting the interactive multiple virtual machines, the world state and the virtual machines are strictly decoupled, so that the state of the block chain is independent of a specific virtual machine, the world state provides a set of public API, and any virtual machine realizing the set of API can be seamlessly accessed.
On the premise of supporting multiple virtual machines, the method is further perfected, and cross-virtual machine calling of contracts is realized. The cross-virtual machine calling of the contract means that if a first contract declares that a first virtual machine executes a second contract declares that a second virtual machine executes, the first contract may call a second contract by a contract calling mode and obtain an output result of the second contract. The process is as follows: initializing a first virtual machine, loading the input of a contract caller and the code of a first contract and starting interpretation and execution; discovering that a first contract requires invoking a second contract; initializing a second virtual machine, loading input data and second codes which are sent to the second contract by the first contract, and starting interpretation and execution; the second contract finishes executing, releases the second virtual machine and returns the executing result to the first virtual machine; the first contract finishes executing and releases the first virtual machine. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the virtual machine type is not specifically limited herein, and may be an existing or future implemented virtual machine type such as EVM (Ethernet virtual machine), CKB-VM (Nervos RISC-V based virtual machine), JIT (Java virtual machine), etc., i.e., the virtual machine is transparent to contract invocations.
The support of the block chain system on multiple virtual machines means that more programming language write intelligent contracts are supported, and the development threshold is greatly reduced. Meanwhile, cross-virtual machine calling between contracts greatly enhances development flexibility and further expands development ecology of contracts.
The computer-readable storage medium may be a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a magnetic disk or an optical disk.
It is to be understood that the exemplary embodiments described herein are illustrative and not restrictive. Although one or more embodiments of the present invention have been described with reference to the accompanying drawings, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined by the following claims.
Claims (4)
1. A method for supporting interactive multi-virtual machine block chain is characterized by comprising the following steps:
inserting a universal API layer between various virtual machines and a world state, wherein the universal API layer is used for butting various virtual machines, and on a block chain consensus node, a consensus module calls the API layer to deliver packaged transactions to the virtual machines for execution; when the virtual machine is executed, reading and writing the state, and reversely operating the state data on the node through the callback of the API layer;
creating a contract, wherein when a contract publisher publishes the contract, a field is attached to indicate the type of a virtual machine which needs to be interpreted and executed by the contract;
when a contract caller calls a contract, a block chain system acquires the virtual machine type declared by a contract publisher, and inputs of the contract caller and a contract code are jointly transmitted to a virtual machine of a specified type for interpretation and execution;
finishing the modification of the world state of the block chain after the transaction is finished;
further comprising cross-virtual machine invocation of contracts, specifically: if the first contract declaration is executed by a first virtual machine and the second contract declaration is executed by a second virtual machine, the first contract calls the second contract by calling and obtains an output result of the second contract.
2. The blockchain method supporting interactable multi-virtual machines of claim 1 wherein the cross-virtual machine invocation of the contract is implemented as follows:
initializing a first virtual machine, loading the input of a contract caller and the code of a first contract and starting interpretation and execution;
discovering that a first contract requires invoking a second contract;
initializing a second virtual machine, loading input data sent to a second contract by a first contract and codes of the second contract, and starting interpretation and execution;
the second contract finishes executing, releases the second virtual machine and returns the executing result to the first virtual machine;
the first contract finishes executing and releases the first virtual machine.
3. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, the computer program being executed by the processor to perform the method of claim 1 or 2 for supporting a blockchain of interoperable multiple virtual machines.
4. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that the computer-readable storage medium has stored thereon a computer program, which is executed by a processor to implement the method of supporting a blockchain of interoperable multiple virtual machines of claim 1 or 2.
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| CN111176791B (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2023-09-29 | 杭州趣链科技有限公司 | Cross-virtual machine calling method based on multi-virtual machine blockchain platform |
| CN111414159B (en) * | 2020-03-16 | 2023-07-25 | 北京艾鸥科技有限公司 | Block chain virtual machine device, virtual machine creation method and transaction method |
| CN112527466A (en) * | 2020-12-22 | 2021-03-19 | 上海万向区块链股份公司 | Multi-language intelligent contract compatibility method and system based on EVM and Wasm virtual machine |
| CN113973115B (en) * | 2021-10-28 | 2024-02-27 | 南方电网科学研究院有限责任公司 | Custom certificate circulation method and related device thereof |
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