CN110568439A - Impulse type through-wall radar antenna ringing suppression method based on deconvolution - Google Patents
Impulse type through-wall radar antenna ringing suppression method based on deconvolution Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
- G01S7/023—Interference mitigation, e.g. reducing or avoiding non-intentional interference with other HF-transmitters, base station transmitters for mobile communication or other radar systems, e.g. using electro-magnetic interference [EMI] reduction techniques
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/88—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications
- G01S13/887—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for detection of concealed objects, e.g. contraband or weapons
- G01S13/888—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for detection of concealed objects, e.g. contraband or weapons through wall detection
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
- G01S7/36—Means for anti-jamming, e.g. ECCM, i.e. electronic counter-counter measures
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
- G01S7/40—Means for monitoring or calibrating
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A90/00—Technologies having an indirect contribution to adaptation to climate change
- Y02A90/10—Information and communication technologies [ICT] supporting adaptation to climate change, e.g. for weather forecasting or climate simulation
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Abstract
the invention discloses a method for suppressing the ringing of a swash pulse type through-wall radar antenna based on deconvolution, which comprises the following steps: step S1: obtaining an antenna impulse response function, converting the antenna impulse response function into a frequency domain form, and pre-storing the antenna impulse response function into a radar processor; step S2: if the radar is a multi-channel radar, channel correction is carried out on errors of all channels in the echo; if the radar is a single-channel radar, the step is omitted; step S3: FFT transforming the echo after channel correction to a frequency domain; step S4: the echo signal in the frequency domain is multiplied by the inverse function of the impulse response function of the antenna to realize the deconvolution ringing suppression; step S5: the signal is converted into the time domain when the ringing effect in the signal has been removed. The invention has the advantages of wide application range, capability of realizing the signal ringing suppression of an antenna end, improvement of radar range resolution and the like.
Description
Technical Field
the invention mainly relates to the technical field, in particular to a method for suppressing the ringing of an impulse type through-wall radar antenna based on deconvolution.
Background
The micropower ultra-wideband impulse radar can be widely applied to the fields of military and civil search and rescue such as anti-terrorism security inspection, urban roadway battle and the like by virtue of strong penetrability, high resolution and all-weather working characteristics. The antenna is a major component of the radar, and in conventional radar systems typically represents a significant portion of the overall volume and weight. In consideration of actual detection requirements and portable use requirements of the micropower ultra-wideband impulse pulse radar, a planar butterfly antenna or a planar cone antenna is mostly adopted, and the planar antenna has the characteristics of omnidirectional radiation and small volume, so that the micropower ultra-wideband impulse pulse radar is more suitable for detecting short-distance low and small slow targets.
however, such planar antennas also have their own drawbacks: impulse signals can produce signal ringing tails in different degrees on the antennas, and the effect can reduce the resolution of the radar and influence the detection capability. Although various hardware loads can be used to suppress ringing effects, the hardware loads come at the expense of radiated energy. As the through-wall radar detects the target that the electromagnetic wave penetrates through the dielectric wall body twice, the signal attenuation is large, and the hardware loading causes the further reduction of the radar detection distance.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: aiming at the technical problems in the prior art, the invention provides the impulse type through-wall radar antenna ringing suppression method based on deconvolution, which has wide application range, can realize the signal ringing suppression of an antenna end and improve the radar range resolution.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A method for suppressing the ringing of impulse type through-wall radar antenna based on deconvolution includes the following steps:
Step S1: obtaining an antenna impulse response function, converting the antenna impulse response function into a frequency domain form, and pre-storing the antenna impulse response function into a radar processor;
Step S2: if the radar is a multi-channel radar, channel correction is carried out on errors of all channels in the echo; if the radar is a single-channel radar, the step is omitted;
Step S3: FFT transforming the echo after channel correction to a frequency domain;
Step S4: the echo signal in the frequency domain is multiplied by the inverse function of the impulse response function of the antenna to realize the deconvolution ringing suppression;
Step S5: the signal is converted into the time domain when the ringing effect in the signal has been removed.
As a further improvement of the invention: in step S1, an antenna impulse response function is calculated according to the antenna geometry, the substrate material, and the dielectric characteristics.
as a further improvement of the invention: in step S3, the signal is converted to the frequency domain for multiplication.
compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
1. the impulse type through-wall radar antenna ringing suppression method based on deconvolution combines an antenna ringing generation mechanism, realizes ringing suppression only by a method based on deconvolution signal processing, and avoids the defect of hardware loading. The invention has important promotion effect on further improving the detection performance of the through-wall radar and the similar micropower ultra-wideband radar.
2. The impulse type through-the-wall radar antenna ringing suppression method based on deconvolution provided by the invention has the advantages that under the simulation and actual measurement conditions, the antenna end signal ringing suppression can be realized, and the radar range resolution is improved. And because the suppression method does not need hardware loading, the detection distance of the radar can be improved. The invention is generally applicable, not only can be used for impulse type through-wall radar, but also can be used for various micropower ultra-wideband impulse pulse radars such as radar life detectors, composite search and rescue radars and the like, and can inhibit signal ringing at a plane antenna end and improve the radar resolution.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of the process of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a wall-through radar in an embodiment of the present invention.
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a planar butterfly antenna in a specific application example of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the through-the-wall radar transmitter generating pulse measurement in an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a plane antenna radiating signal in a specific application example of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of an antenna delay filter network in a specific application example of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a comparison diagram of the waveforms of the signals radiated by the ringing suppression algorithm in a specific application example.
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a single target measured echo comparison in an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating comparison of multiple measured echoes for a specific application example of the present invention.
illustration of the drawings:
1. A first receiving antenna; 2. a transmitting antenna; 3. a second receiving antenna; 4. a metal cavity.
Detailed Description
The invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the drawings and specific examples.
Because the distance resolution of the impulse radar depends on the pulse width, the ringing tail is equivalent to widening the pulse width and reducing the radar resolution. The fundamental reason of the ringing of the antenna is impedance discontinuity, signal reflection occurs when the impedance discontinuity occurs, and the superposition of multiple reflections shows that the ringing tail appears on a time domain waveform. The system response function is determined by regarding the antenna system response approximation as a delay filter network, and the ringing tail in the echo can be suppressed by a deconvolution method.
as shown in fig. 1, the impulse type through-wall radar antenna ringing suppression method based on deconvolution of the present invention includes the steps of:
Step S1: and calculating to obtain an antenna impulse response function model according to the geometric shape of the antenna, the material of the substrate and the dielectric property. According to the transmission line theorem, the antenna feed point reflection coefficient and the far-end reflection coefficient shown in fig. 3 can be calculated:
In the formula, Z0Representing the feeder impedance, is 50 Ω, ZairRepresenting the air impedance of 377 omega, ZfAnd ZtRespectively representing the impedance at the feeding point of the antenna and the impedance at the far end, and obtaining specific values through software simulation. RhofAnd ρtRepresenting the reflection coefficient at the feed point and at the far end, respectively.
According to the size of the antenna, the time delay of the signal propagating on the antenna can be calculated:
In the formula IeFor transmission distance, λ, of signals on the antennacThe wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the pulse signal, c is the propagation speed of the electromagnetic wave in vacuum, and is 3 × 108m/s，εeIs a relative dielectric constant, veIs the equivalent velocity of the signal propagating on the antenna, tdis the signal transmission one-way time delay.
The signal can take place to reflect at feed point and distal end, and multiple reflection can superpose each other, and final signal form is:
in the formula, s0(t) is an ideal transmitted impulse signal, which is caused by the ringing effect of the antennaConvolution operations with delayed superposition, the effect being denoted by h (t), siand (t) is the signal after the ith reflection, and f (t) is the signal radiated on the final antenna and consists of an ideal signal and a multi-reflection superposed signal.
Formula (3) is a mathematical model generated by the antenna array effect;
Step S2: when the radar is used, channel correction is carried out on errors of all channels in the echo; if the radar is a single-channel radar, the step can be omitted;
Step S3: the echo FFT after channel correction is transformed to a frequency domain, and the signal is transferred to the frequency domain to be multiplied in consideration of the complex time domain deconvolution operation;
step S4: the echo signal in the frequency domain is multiplied by the inverse function of the impulse response function of the antenna to realize the deconvolution ringing suppression;
Equation (3) the time-domain convolution can be written as a frequency-domain multiplication form:
F(jω)＝S0(jω)H(jω) (4)
Wherein F (j ω), S0(j ω) and H (j ω) are f (t), s, respectively0Frequency domain representations of (t) and h (t).
The specific expression of the system response function frequency domain of the antenna is as follows:
The inverse function of H (j ω) is multiplied in the frequency domain to perform the deconvolution operation, while recovering the original ideal impulse signal from the signal. Can be expressed as:
F(jω)H-1(jω)＝S0(jω)H(jω)H-1(jω)＝S0(jω) (6)
Step S5: the signal is converted into the time domain, and the ringing effect in the signal is eliminated, so that the subsequent operation can be carried out.
the method does not need any hardware loading, only inhibits the signal ringing effect of impulse signals on the plane bow tie antenna by a rear-end signal processing method, recovers the narrow pulse characteristics of the signals, and is beneficial to improving the radar target resolution and the maximum action distance. The method can be used in impulse through-the-wall radar to inhibit the ringing effect on an unloaded plane antenna, and can also be used to inhibit the ringing effect of other radio frequency equipment antenna ends to recover the original characteristics of signals.
the method has universality, can be used for various micropower ultra-wideband impulse system radar life search and rescue equipment such as a through-wall radar, a radar life detection instrument, a multi-mode composite life detection instrument and the like, and effectively inhibits the antenna ringing effect.
In a specific application example, fig. 1 is a real object diagram of a through-wall radar in main application and experiments. The figure is a radar detection front view, with three planar bowtie antennas: the antenna comprises a first receiving antenna 1, a transmitting antenna 2 and a second receiving antenna 3, wherein the transmitting antenna 2 is arranged in the middle, and the two receiving antennas are distributed in bilateral symmetry; the metal cavity 4 and the wave-absorbing material on the back ensure the radiation direction of the electromagnetic wave of the antenna.
Referring to fig. 2, a schematic diagram of a planar butterfly antenna in a specific application example is shown, that is, in the antenna used in the through-wall radar in fig. 1, two arms of a vibrator are made into shapes of an isosceles triangle or a sector, and the antenna vibrator is a copper foil or other conductive material applied on a thin dielectric substrate. The bow tie antenna can be approximately regarded as a traveling wave structure antenna, impulse signals generated by a transmitter gradually flow to two sides from a central feed point of the antenna and are smaller and smaller, and the tail end of the impulse signals are reflected due to impedance discontinuity. The superposition of multiple reflections of the pulse signal at the feed point and the end leads to signal ringing.
Referring to fig. 3, a real-time diagram of the pulses generated by the through-the-wall radar transmitter is shown, where the pulse width generated by the transmitter is about 2 ns. Referring to fig. 4, a signal diagram of a planar antenna is shown. I.e., the waveform radiated from the antenna by the pulse signal generated by the transmitter of fig. 3, passing through the feeding point to the antenna. In comparison with the waveform of fig. 3, it can be seen that significant ringing and smearing of the signal occur, with the effective width of the signal being as large as 10 ns. It can be known from calculation that the radar range resolution is reduced by 5 times due to the influence of the antenna ringing effect.
Referring to fig. 5, a diagram of an antenna delay filter network is shown. The reason for the generation of the antenna ringing is that signals are transmitted when encountering discontinuous impedance positions in the propagation process, the signals are transmitted for multiple times at the antenna end and the feeding position, and the transmitted signals are continuously superposed and appear on time domain waveforms to have signal ringing trailing. The system response function of the antenna can be obtained by calculating the reflection system and the signal transmission time at the feeding point and the antenna section, and the function can be regarded as a delay filter network.
referring to fig. 7, a comparison graph of the waveforms of the radiated signals after the ringing suppression method of the present invention is used is shown. The dotted line is the signal waveform (original waveform) with the ringing tail, and the solid line is that the ringing effect of the signal is obviously inhibited after the invention is used, and the main peak of the signal is obvious.
Referring to fig. 8, a single target measured echo contrast diagram is shown. The actual measurement echo of the radar under the condition that only one human body target exists in the radar detection area, the dotted line is an original waveform, and the solid line is a waveform after the ringing is suppressed by the method, so that the suppression effect of the method is obvious.
Referring to fig. 9, a contrast diagram of measured echoes of multiple targets is shown. The radar detection area is provided with three actual measurement echoes of the radar under the condition of human body targets, the dotted line is an original waveform, and the solid line is a waveform after ringing is suppressed by the method. It can be seen that the original echo is smeared due to signal ringing, so that three target echoes are overlapped and are difficult to distinguish; three objects are clearly seen after the suppression method of the present invention is used.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and all technical solutions belonging to the idea of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention. It should be noted that modifications and embellishments within the scope of the invention may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the principle of the invention.
Claims (4)
1. A method for suppressing the ringing of impulse type through-wall radar antenna based on deconvolution is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step S1: obtaining an antenna impulse response function, converting the antenna impulse response function into a frequency domain form, and pre-storing the antenna impulse response function into a radar processor;
Step S2: if the radar is a multi-channel radar, channel correction is carried out on errors of all channels in the echo; if the radar is a single-channel radar, the step is omitted;
step S3: FFT transforming the echo after channel correction to a frequency domain;
step S4: the echo signal in the frequency domain is multiplied by the inverse function of the impulse response function of the antenna to realize the deconvolution ringing suppression;
Step S5: the signal is converted into the time domain when the ringing effect in the signal has been removed.
2. the method for suppressing the ringing of a through-wall radar antenna with impulse pulses based on deconvolution as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step S1, the impulse response function of the antenna is obtained by calculation according to the geometry of the antenna, the material of the substrate and the dielectric characteristics.
3. The deconvolution-based impulse-type through-wall radar antenna ringing suppression method of claim 1, wherein in step S1, an impulse response data model is established.
4. the method for suppressing the ringing of a through-wall impulse radar antenna based on deconvolution as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step S3, the signal is converted to the frequency domain for multiplication.
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