CN110568301A - Detection mode prejudging method based on effective detection rate of transformer state quantity - Google Patents
Detection mode prejudging method based on effective detection rate of transformer state quantity Download PDFInfo
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- CN110568301A CN110568301A CN201910870511.1A CN201910870511A CN110568301A CN 110568301 A CN110568301 A CN 110568301A CN 201910870511 A CN201910870511 A CN 201910870511A CN 110568301 A CN110568301 A CN 110568301A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D21/00—Measuring or testing not otherwise provided for
- G01D21/02—Measuring two or more variables by means not covered by a single other subclass
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R27/00—Arrangements for measuring resistance, reactance, impedance, or electric characteristics derived therefrom
- G01R27/02—Measuring real or complex resistance, reactance, impedance, or other two-pole characteristics derived therefrom, e.g. time constant
- G01R27/025—Measuring very high resistances, e.g. isolation resistances, i.e. megohm-meters
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R27/00—Arrangements for measuring resistance, reactance, impedance, or electric characteristics derived therefrom
- G01R27/02—Measuring real or complex resistance, reactance, impedance, or other two-pole characteristics derived therefrom, e.g. time constant
- G01R27/26—Measuring inductance or capacitance; Measuring quality factor, e.g. by using the resonance method; Measuring loss factor; Measuring dielectric constants ; Measuring impedance or related variables
- G01R27/2605—Measuring capacitance
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R27/00—Arrangements for measuring resistance, reactance, impedance, or electric characteristics derived therefrom
- G01R27/02—Measuring real or complex resistance, reactance, impedance, or other two-pole characteristics derived therefrom, e.g. time constant
- G01R27/26—Measuring inductance or capacitance; Measuring quality factor, e.g. by using the resonance method; Measuring loss factor; Measuring dielectric constants ; Measuring impedance or related variables
- G01R27/2688—Measuring quality factor or dielectric loss, e.g. loss angle, or power factor
- G01R27/2694—Measuring dielectric loss, e.g. loss angle, loss factor or power factor
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
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Abstract
The invention discloses a detection mode prejudging method based on the effective detectable rate of transformer state quantity, which comprises the following steps: 1) identifying defects of main equipment on the transformer and state quantities corresponding to the faults, and counting and calculating effective detection efficiency of the defects of the transformer and the state quantities corresponding to the faults within N years; 2) screening the state quantity with the effective detection efficiency value larger than the threshold value X to obtain M key attention state quantities; 3) analyzing M key attention state quantities item by item, judging whether the state quantity obtained by the power failure routine test is one of the key state quantities, if so, selecting a non-power failure detection method to replace detection; 4) if the current is not one of the key state quantities, judging whether the current is the winding direct-current resistance of the gas relay or the transformer main body, if so, maintaining a power failure routine test, and if so, selecting a partial non-power-off detection method for replacement detection. The invention reduces the blind detection rate and solves the problem of overhauled and tried detection.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a detection mode prejudging method based on the effective detection rate of a transformer state quantity, and belongs to the technical field of transformer differential detection control.
Background
With the continuous expansion of the scale of the power grid, the equipment loading amount is increased at a high speed, the state maintenance work based on the routine power failure test is difficult to meet the requirement of the power grid development, and the state maintenance mode of the power grid equipment needs to be changed urgently. Meanwhile, the detection technology of the power equipment has been developed greatly in the last decade, and the detection technology without power outage, such as live detection, on-line monitoring and the like, tends to be mature and is widely used in the power grid. Under the background, the national grid company starts research and exploration based on the state maintenance work of the uninterrupted power detection technology by combining the characteristics of the future intelligent power grid and the intelligent operation and inspection requirements. Therefore, by constructing and continuously perfecting a state maintenance working system based on the uninterrupted power supply detection technology and applying new technologies such as mobile interconnection, artificial intelligence and big data analysis, informatization and intelligentization level improvement of the traditional operation and inspection technology is promoted, equipment defect hidden danger discovery capability and intelligent diagnosis decision level are comprehensively improved, equipment maintenance scientificity, pertinence and effectiveness are improved, power supply outage field operation risk and operation and maintenance cost are reduced, essential safety of equipment and safe and stable operation of a large power grid are guaranteed, and a solid foundation is laid for companies to accelerate creation of world first-class energy Internet enterprises with global competitiveness.
The power transformer (reactor) is exactly the core equipment of the intelligent power grid, and the safe and stable operation of the power transformer is related to the safe and stable operation of the whole intelligent power grid. The power transformer (reactor) has more state parameters representing the quality of the running state, more detection means, different defects and different fault detection rates of various detection modes, and the effectiveness problem needs to be solved urgently. Meanwhile, the optimization work of each state parameter is less researched, so that the problems of overhauling and over-testing are often serious, and on one hand, the method forms a great contradiction with the overhauling capability of the current front-line personnel; on the other hand, a state maintenance system mainly based on a power failure test is not suitable for the requirement of the current equipment development, so that a large amount of equipment fails due to maintenance. Therefore, the proposed state maintenance management system based on the uninterrupted power detection technology is the only way to solve the current problems, and the optimization of the state parameters of the power transformer (reactor) and the alternative method of the power failure test are important.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a detection mode prejudging method based on the effective detection rate of the transformer state quantity.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a detection mode prejudging method based on the effective detectable rate of the state quantity of a transformer comprises the following steps:
Step 1, identifying defects and state quantities corresponding to faults of main equipment on a transformer by a transformer equipment monitoring method, and counting and calculating effective detection efficiency of the state quantities corresponding to the defects and the faults on the transformer within N years, wherein N is more than or equal to 2; the transformer equipment monitoring method comprises a method for acquiring state quantity through inspection or monitoring, a method for acquiring state quantity through power failure routine test, and a method for acquiring state quantity through live detection or online monitoring;
step 2, screening out the state quantities of which the effective detection efficiency values are larger than a threshold value X according to transformer evaluation guide rules to obtain M key attention state quantities; the threshold value X is different along with different monitoring methods of the transformer equipment;
step 3, analyzing the M key attention state quantities screened in the step 2 item by item according to a state overhaul test regulation, judging the state quantities obtained by a power-off routine test, judging whether the state quantities obtained by the power-off routine test are one of the key state quantities, and if the state quantities are one of the key state quantities, selecting a non-power-off detection method to carry out replacement detection;
and 4, if the state quantity acquired through the power failure routine test does not belong to one of the key state quantities, judging whether the state quantity is the winding direct-current resistance of the gas relay or the transformer main body, if the state quantity is the winding direct-current resistance of the gas relay, maintaining the power failure routine test, and if the state quantity is the winding direct-current resistance of the transformer main body, enabling a selected part of the state quantity to be subjected to replacement detection by a non-power-failure detection method.
Further, the key state quantities include winding dielectric loss and capacitance of the transformer body, winding insulation resistance, absorption ratio or polarization index of the transformer body, iron core insulation resistance of the transformer body, bushing dielectric loss and capacitance, bushing insulation resistance, a tap changer limiting device and on-load tap changer operating characteristics.
Further, in step 3, when the key state quantity is the winding dielectric loss and the capacitance of the transformer body, the uninterrupted power supply detection method is to select dissolved gas analysis in the transformer body oil or select deformation live detection of the oil-immersed transformer winding.
Further, in step 3, when the key state quantity is the winding insulation resistance, the absorption ratio or the polarization index of the transformer body, the uninterrupted power supply detection method is to select dissolved gas analysis in the transformer body oil.
further, in step 3, when the key state quantity is the iron core insulation resistance of the transformer body, the uninterrupted power supply detection method is to select dissolved gas analysis in the transformer body oil or iron core grounding current detection.
Furthermore, in step 3, when the key state quantity is the bushing dielectric loss and capacitance, the uninterrupted power supply detection method is to select to detect the bushing relative dielectric loss and capacitance.
Further, in step 3, when the key state quantity is the insulation resistance of the sleeve, the uninterrupted power supply detection method is to select to perform infrared temperature measurement detection, high-frequency partial discharge detection or sleeve relative dielectric loss and capacitance detection.
furthermore, the detection of the relative dielectric loss and capacitance of the sleeve firstly needs to technically modify the transformer sleeve, so that the sleeve is led out below a tail screen and has test conditions. A testing device is required to be installed to realize online monitoring or live detection.
further, in step 3, when the key state quantity is a tap changer limiting device, the uninterrupted power supply detection method is to select to carry out on-load tap changer live detection.
Further, in step 3, when the key state quantity is the on-load tap-changer action characteristic, the uninterrupted power supply detection method is to select to carry out on-load tap-changer live detection.
Further, in step 4, when the state quantity which needs to be obtained through the power outage routine test is the winding direct-current resistance of the transformer main body, part of the non-power-outage detection methods select to perform dissolved gas analysis in the transformer body oil.
The partial uninterrupted power detection method comprises the step that faults such as poor contact of an electric loop, turn-to-turn short circuit, wire short circuit and the like can be found through winding resistance. Poor external contact can be replaced by an infrared temperature measurement technology; local overheating or local discharge can be caused by turn-to-turn short circuit, lead short circuit and the like in the oil-immersed power transformer (reactor) body, and the detection can be realized by utilizing analysis of dissolved gas in oil and live detection of the local discharge. Therefore, part of defects discovered by the test can be replaced by comprehensive analysis results of charged detection technologies such as dissolved gas analysis in oil, infrared thermography detection, partial discharge charged detection and vibration test, but part of slight defects cannot be replaced without causing standard exceeding of oil chromatography or partial discharge.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
after the implementation of the alternative method, the blind detection rate of the oil-immersed power transformer (reactor) is greatly reduced. After the power failure routine test is cancelled, huge economic benefits can be directly generated every year, a large amount of man-hour workload is saved, and misoperation and personnel injury risks in the power failure test can be reduced. The method integrates the blind detection rate change of the oil immersed power transformer (reactor) and the safety and the economic benefit of the maintenance work of the oil immersed power transformer (reactor), and creates favorable conditions for developing the state maintenance based on the uninterrupted power detection of the subsequent oil immersed power transformer (reactor).
drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a comparison table of effective detection efficiency corresponding to each state quantity obtained through inspection or monitoring.
fig. 2 is a comparison table of effective detection efficiency corresponding to each state quantity obtained by a power-off routine test.
Fig. 3 is a comparison table of effective detection efficiency corresponding to each state quantity obtained by live detection or online monitoring.
Fig. 4 is a comparison table of effective detection efficiencies corresponding to state quantities in which the degree of interest is selected as the main concern according to the effective detection efficiency.
fig. 5 is a further preferred list of 25 state quantities that have a high impact on the safe operation of the device.
Fig. 6 is a table listing 25 state quantities and their corresponding transformer equipment monitoring methods and alternatives.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in detail and fully with reference to the accompanying drawings 1-6 and the following detailed description.
As shown in fig. 1 to 6, the present embodiment relates to a detection mode prejudging method based on an effective detection rate of a transformer state quantity, and aims to provide a power transformer (reactor) state parameter optimization and power failure test alternative method for meeting the construction requirements of equipment management and non-power-outage detection technology state maintenance management, so as to implement an alternative scheme of a power failure test of a power transformer (reactor), and meet the requirements of new state maintenance system construction.
The method specifically comprises the following steps:
Step 1, identifying defects and state quantities corresponding to faults of main equipment on a transformer by a transformer equipment monitoring method, and counting and calculating effective detection efficiency of the defects and the state quantities corresponding to the faults on the transformer within 2 years, 5 years or 10 years; for example, by optimizing and analyzing the state quantity of a transformer (reactor): according to data of defects and faults of the main equipment between 2005 and 2014, effective detectable rates of inspection tour, routine tests, power failure tests, live detection and online monitoring are calculated, effective detectable rates of state quantities corresponding to the defects and the faults are calculated, and main state quantities (namely the state quantities with high effective detectable rates) obtained through ten-year data calculation are obtained.
The transformer equipment monitoring method comprises a method for acquiring state quantity through inspection or monitoring, a method for acquiring state quantity through power failure routine test, and a method for acquiring state quantity through live detection or online monitoring;
Step 2, screening out the state quantities with the effective detection efficiency values larger than a threshold value X according to the transformer evaluation guide rule to obtain 21 key attention state quantities;
The process of obtaining the 21 important attention state quantities is as follows:
When the monitoring method of the transformer equipment is a method for acquiring state quantity through inspection or monitoring, the value of the threshold value X is 1, and the unit is one/ten thousand working hours; for example, as shown in fig. 1, there are 9 effective detection efficiencies around the main state quantities included in the transformer evaluation guide during patrol work, which are more than 1 time/ten thousand hours, and important attention should be paid during patrol, including: the system comprises oil leakage, operating oil temperature, a respirator, a cooling system motor operation and control system, a tap switch operating mechanism and gear indication, a non-electric quantity protection control loop, non-electric quantity protection local indication consistency and the like.
when the monitoring method of the transformer equipment is a method for acquiring state quantity through a power failure routine test, the value of the threshold value X is 0.01, and the unit is one/ten thousand working hours; for example, as shown in fig. 2, the main quantities of state included in the evaluation guidelines surrounding the transformer in the power failure test work have 8 effective detection efficiencies greater than 0.01 times per ten thousand hours, and the tests are focused on the following factors: winding dielectric loss and capacitance, winding insulation resistance, absorption ratio or polarization index, winding direct current resistance, core insulation, bushing dielectric loss and capacitance, bushing insulation resistance, analysis of dissolved gas in bushing oil, and on-load switch operating characteristics.
When the monitoring method of the transformer equipment is a method for acquiring state quantity through live detection or online monitoring, the value of the threshold value X is 0.2, and the unit is one/ten thousand working hours; for example, as shown in fig. 3, the main quantities of state included in the evaluation leads surrounding the oil-immersed power transformer (reactor) in the live detection work have 4 detection efficiencies of more than 0.2 times per ten thousand hours, and the tests are focused on routine detection of insulating oil, analysis of dissolved gas in oil, infrared temperature measurement and detection of core grounding current.
By respectively calculating the inspection efficiency, the inspection efficiency and the live detection efficiency, the inspection efficiency is highest, and the inspection efficiency and the live detection efficiency are lowest. Through the analysis of the overall detection effectiveness of the transformer, according to the state quantity optimization result, the overall state quantity detection rate obtained by analyzing the defect conditions found in inspection, power failure test and live detection in the last 10 years is shown in table 4, and is 21 important state quantities.
the effective defect ratio of the 21 important concerned state quantities in the existing 64 state quantities in the evaluation guide rule of the oil-immersed power transformer (reactor) is 85.48 percent; in addition, 4 state quantities with high influence degree on the safe operation of the equipment are supplemented according to expert experience, the detected defect quantity of the 25 state quantities obtained after further optimization accounts for 93% of all 4681 defects, and the 25 state quantities obtained through further optimization can comprehensively reflect the operation state of the equipment of the oil-immersed power transformer (reactor); as shown in fig. 5, the 25 state quantities include 12 body state quantities, 3 sleeve state quantities, 2 cooling system state quantities, 5 tap changer state quantities, and 3 non-battery protection state quantities;
Step 3, analyzing the 25 key attention state quantities screened in the step 2 item by item according to a state overhaul test regulation, judging the state quantities obtained by a power-off routine test, judging whether the state quantities obtained by the power-off routine test are one of the key state quantities, and if the state quantities are one of the key state quantities, selecting a non-power-off detection method to carry out replacement detection;
and 4, if the state quantity acquired through the power failure routine test does not belong to one of the key state quantities, judging whether the state quantity is the winding direct-current resistance of the gas relay or the transformer main body, if the state quantity is the winding direct-current resistance of the gas relay, maintaining the power failure routine test, and if the state quantity is the winding direct-current resistance of the transformer main body, enabling a selected part of the state quantity to be subjected to replacement detection by a non-power-failure detection method.
The method for replacing the power failure routine test project comprises the following steps:
Through carrying out item-by-item analysis on 25 state quantity acquisition modes and alternative modes, a corresponding alternative method is provided for a power failure item which can be replaced by the uninterrupted power detection. Table 6 shows 25 state quantity acquisition methods and alternatives of the oil-immersed power transformer (reactor). Of the 25 state quantities, 9 items are acquired through patrol or monitoring, 5 items are acquired through live detection or online monitoring, and 11 items are acquired through a power failure routine test.
In the condition maintenance test procedure, 10 power failure routine test items correspond to the 11 state quantities, wherein 8 test items can be completely replaced by a power failure detection technology, a test item of 1 winding direct current resistance can be partially replaced by the power failure detection technology, and a test item of 1 gas relay inspection cannot be replaced. Partial replacement projects and non-replaceable projects can be combined with power failure maintenance and professional related work protection.
at present, the routine power failure test items of an oil-immersed power transformer (reactor) in the state overhaul test regulations of power grid equipment are 10 items, namely winding resistance, sleeve insulation resistance, sleeve capacitance, dielectric loss factor, iron core insulation resistance, winding insulation dielectric loss factor, on-load tap-changer inspection, temperature measuring devices, gas relay inspection, cooling device inspection, pressure release device inspection and the like. The alternatives of the power failure routine test items are analyzed below.
The state quantities for complete replacement of the routine power failure test are as follows:
(1) Bushing insulation resistance
The insulation resistance of the sleeve can find the defects of crack of the sleeve porcelain bushing, serious damp of the sleeve body, insulation degradation of a tail screen and the like. The reduction of the insulation resistance of the sleeve shows that the main insulation inside the sleeve is affected with damp or deteriorated, the main insulation is accompanied with the increase of the dielectric loss factor or local heating, and partial discharge can be possibly caused when the main insulation is serious, so that the sleeve can be replaced by an electrified detection technology such as infrared temperature measurement, relative dielectric loss factor and capacitance detection, high-frequency partial discharge test and the like;
(2) Bushing capacitance and dielectric loss factor
The capacitance and dielectric loss factor test of the sleeve can find the faults of damp insulation degradation of the sleeve, local breakdown of a capacitor core layer, end screen disconnection, poor contact and the like. The technology can be replaced by electrified detection technologies such as relative dielectric loss factor and capacitance detection, high-frequency partial discharge test, infrared temperature measurement and the like;
(3) Iron core insulation resistor
the iron core insulation resistance test can find faults such as iron core multipoint grounding, iron core insulation piece insulation performance reduction and the like. The iron core insulation defect can cause local overheating inside, so that dissolved gas in oil is increased, and the iron core grounding current can be increased, so that the iron core and clamp grounding current monitoring, dissolved gas analysis in oil and other charged detection technologies are used for replacing the iron core and clamp grounding current monitoring;
(4) Winding insulation resistance
The method has the advantages that the insulation resistance, the absorption ratio and the polarization index of the oil immersed power transformer (reactor) are measured, the sensitivity for detecting the overall insulation condition of the oil immersed power transformer (reactor) is high, and the defects of overall insulation damp, component surface damp or dirt and penetrability of the oil immersed power transformer (reactor) can be effectively detected. When the deteriorated insulation penetrates between the two electrodes, the insulation resistance is measured to be obviously reduced, and if the insulation has only local defects and the good insulation is still kept between the two electrodes, the insulation resistance is reduced little or even does not change, so that the local defects of the insulation cannot be checked when the insulation resistance is measured. The test can be replaced by the analysis of dissolved gas in oil and the partial discharge charged detection technology;
(5) dielectric loss factor of winding insulation
the loss factor measurement of the winding insulation medium can find the defects of the insulation whole body of the oil immersed power transformer (reactor), the surface of a component is wetted or polluted, the centralized defects of penetrability and the like, wherein the centralized defects of the penetrability comprise breakage of a porcelain insulator, grounding of a lead-out wire, metal grounding in a transformer body and the like. The increase of the overall dielectric loss of the winding is mainly caused by the deterioration of the internal insulation or the damp, partial discharge can also occur in a severely damped area under the action of an internal strong electric field, and dissolved gas in insulating oil can be increased, so that the partial discharge can be replaced by technologies such as dissolved gas analysis in oil, oil micro-water and oil voltage resistance of an oil immersed power transformer (reactor), oil dielectric loss test, ultrasonic partial discharge detection, high-frequency partial discharge live detection and the like. The increase of winding dielectric loss caused by dirt or moisture on the surface of the component can be replaced by an ultraviolet imaging technology;
(6) On-load tap changer inspection
Routine inspection of the on-load tap-changer mainly comprises inspection of an oil conservator and a respirator, inspection of an electric mechanism box, inspection of an emergency stop function and a limiting device, an action characteristic test, an oil quality test and the like. The on-load tap-changer inspection can find the faults of looseness of the contact of the internal component, deformation of metal parts, breakage or damage of transition resistors, arc ablation on the surface of the switching contact, mechanical faults of a transmission mechanism, faults of a motor and a control circuit, failure of a limiting device and the like. The project can be replaced by the live detection technology of the on-load tap-changer;
(7) Inspection of cooling device
the routine inspection of the cooling device mainly comprises the motor operation condition, the power supply operation condition and the presence or absence of abnormality of device components, and the abnormal defect of the cooling device can be found. Defects caused by poor heat dissipation of the cooling device can be discovered by an infrared temperature measurement technology, and other inspections can be discovered by operation inspection;
(8) Pressure relief device inspection
The routine inspection of the pressure relief device mainly comprises appearance inspection and opening pressure inspection, and is carried out during disassembly maintenance without periodic requirements, so that the routine inspection can be carried out before the commissioning of new equipment and after the disassembly maintenance.
The state quantities for the partial replacement routine power failure test are as follows:
(1) Winding resistor
The winding resistance can find faults such as poor contact of an electric loop, turn-to-turn short circuit, wire short circuit and the like. Poor external contact can be replaced by an infrared temperature measurement technology; local overheating or local discharge can be caused by turn-to-turn short circuit, lead short circuit and the like in the oil-immersed power transformer (reactor) body, and the detection can be realized by utilizing analysis of dissolved gas in oil and live detection of the local discharge. Therefore, part of defects discovered by the test can be replaced by comprehensive analysis results of charged detection technologies such as dissolved gas analysis in oil, infrared thermography detection, partial discharge charged detection and vibration test, but part of slight defects cannot be replaced without causing standard exceeding of oil chromatography or partial discharge.
The state quantities that cannot be substituted for the routine power failure test are as follows:
(1) Gas relay inspection
The items related to power failure in routine inspection of the gas relay mainly comprise appearance inspection, setting value verification and secondary circuit insulation resistance measurement, and defects such as oil leakage, incorrect setting value and unqualified secondary circuit insulation resistance can be found. Currently, no uninterruptible detection technology is available to replace, and can be used as a diagnostic test.
the two items of detection of the resistance of the partially replaceable winding and the inspection of the irreplaceable gas relay are statistically shown to be extremely low in defect rate and failure rate and small in safety risk. In order to reduce the security risk brought by executing the detection strategy without power outage, two strategies are adopted:
firstly, a proportional spot check strategy is adopted, the principle of full coverage of manufacturers, equipment types, manufacturing times and manufacturing processes is followed every year, and power failure routine test spot check is carried out on equipment adjacent to or in a normal test period (6 years) according to the proportion of not less than 10%, and the health state and the change trend of the equipment of the same type are judged in an auxiliary mode. When power failure test data are abnormal or the abnormal development trend is obvious in spot check, further improving the spot check proportion until the abnormal reason and the abnormal equipment range of the equipment are confirmed; if the power failure test spot check data is normal and has no abnormal development trend, other similar equipment still executes the uninterrupted power detection strategy.
And secondly, a power failure follow-up inspection strategy is adopted, namely once the accompanying and stopping opportunity is met, the power failure follow-up inspection strategy is combined with power failure to develop an irreplaceable or partially substitutable project.
in conclusion, 25 state quantity acquisition modes are obtained, 9 items are acquired through patrol or monitoring, 5 items are acquired through live detection or online monitoring, and 11 items are acquired through a power failure routine test. The state quantity obtained by the power failure routine test of 11 items relates to 10 power failure test items, 8 items in the 10 power failure tests can be completely replaced by live detection, 1 item can be partially replaced, and 1 item cannot be replaced. For two items of winding resistance detection which can be partially replaced and gas relay inspection which cannot be replaced, the equipment state can be indirectly mastered through means of proportional sampling inspection, round inspection and the like, and the safety risk can be effectively reduced.
The technical innovation of the invention also comprises:
The two items of detection of the resistance of the partially replaceable winding and the inspection of the irreplaceable gas relay are statistically shown to be extremely low in defect rate and failure rate and small in safety risk. In order to reduce the security risk brought by executing the detection strategy without power outage, two strategies are adopted: firstly, a proportional spot check strategy is adopted, the principle of full coverage of manufacturers, equipment types, manufacturing times and manufacturing processes is followed every year, and power failure routine test spot check is carried out on equipment adjacent to or in a normal test period (6 years) according to the proportion of not less than 10%, and the health state and the change trend of the equipment of the same type are judged in an auxiliary mode. When power failure test data are abnormal or the abnormal development trend is obvious in spot check, further improving the spot check proportion until the abnormal reason and the abnormal equipment range of the equipment are confirmed; if the power failure test spot check data is normal and has no abnormal development trend, other similar equipment still executes the uninterrupted power detection strategy. And secondly, a power failure follow-up inspection strategy is adopted, namely once the accompanying and stopping opportunity is met, the power failure follow-up inspection strategy is combined with power failure to develop an irreplaceable or partially substitutable project.
The optimization of the transformer state quantity is also an innovation, and is a result of comprehensive judgment based on data statistics and analysis.
After the uninterrupted power detection technology is used for effectively replacing power failure detection, the running state of the equipment is effectively controlled, the blind detection rate of the equipment is reduced, the over-repair test problem is fundamentally solved, and the effective detectable rate of equipment defects and faults is greatly improved. The method is mainly characterized in that after the power failure test means is effectively replaced by the uninterrupted power supply detection means, almost most of power failure tests can be replaced by the uninterrupted power supply detection technology, the number of blind detection events of a blind detection rate calculation formula is greatly reduced, meanwhile, the number of the blind detection events is increased due to the fact that part of the power failure tests which cannot be replaced can be increased, but the number of the blind detection events is smaller than the number of the blind detection events, so that the number change of the blind detection rate can be influenced on the whole, and the number of the blind detection events is certainly changed towards the reduction direction.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a detection mode prejudging method based on the effective detection rate of the state quantity of a transformer is characterized by comprising the following steps:
Step 1, identifying defects and state quantities corresponding to faults of main equipment on a transformer by a transformer equipment monitoring method, and counting and calculating effective detection efficiency of the state quantities corresponding to the defects and the faults on the transformer within N years, wherein N is more than or equal to 2; the transformer equipment monitoring method comprises a method for acquiring state quantity through inspection or monitoring, a method for acquiring state quantity through power failure routine test, and a method for acquiring state quantity through live detection or online monitoring;
Step 2, screening out the state quantities of which the effective detection efficiency values are larger than a threshold value X according to transformer evaluation guide rules to obtain M key attention state quantities; the threshold value X is different along with different monitoring methods of the transformer equipment;
step 3, analyzing the M key attention state quantities screened in the step 2 item by item according to a state overhaul test regulation, judging the state quantities obtained by a power-off routine test, judging whether the state quantities obtained by the power-off routine test are one of the key state quantities, and if the state quantities are one of the key state quantities, selecting a non-power-off detection method to carry out replacement detection;
and 4, if the state quantity acquired through the power failure routine test does not belong to one of the key state quantities, judging whether the state quantity is the winding direct-current resistance of the gas relay or the transformer main body, if the state quantity is the winding direct-current resistance of the gas relay, maintaining the power failure routine test, and if the state quantity is the winding direct-current resistance of the transformer main body, enabling a selected part of the state quantity to be subjected to replacement detection by a non-power-failure detection method.
2. The method for predicting the detection mode based on the effective detection rate of the state quantity of the transformer as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step 3, when the key state quantity is the winding dielectric loss and the electric capacity of the transformer body, the uninterrupted detection method is to select dissolved gas analysis in oil of the transformer body or select deformation live detection of the winding of the oil-immersed transformer.
3. The method for predicting the detection mode based on the effective detection rate of the transformer state quantity according to claim 1, wherein in the step 3, when the key state quantity is the winding insulation resistance, the absorption ratio or the polarization index of the transformer body, the uninterrupted detection method is to select dissolved gas analysis in the transformer body oil.
4. the method for predicting the detection mode according to claim 1, wherein in step 3, when the key state quantity is the insulation resistance of the iron core of the transformer body, the uninterrupted detection method is to select dissolved gas analysis in the oil of the transformer body or iron core grounding current detection.
5. the method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step 3, when the critical state quantity is bushing dielectric loss and capacitance, the uninterrupted detection method is to select bushing relative dielectric loss and capacitance detection.
6. The method for predicting the detection mode according to claim 1, wherein in step 3, when the key state quantity is the insulation resistance of the bushing, the uninterrupted detection method is to select infrared temperature measurement detection, high-frequency partial discharge detection or bushing relative dielectric loss and capacitance detection.
7. The method for prejudging the detection mode based on the effective detection rate of the transformer state quantity according to claim 1, wherein in the step 3, when the key state quantity is a tap switch limiting device, the uninterrupted detection method is to select to carry out live detection on the on-load tap switch.
8. The method for predicting the detection mode based on the effective detection rate of the transformer state quantity according to claim 1, wherein in the step 3, when the key state quantity is the action characteristic of the on-load tap-changer, the non-power-off detection method is to select to perform the live detection of the on-load tap-changer.
9. the method for predicting the detection mode based on the effective detection rate of the transformer state quantity according to claim 1, wherein in the step 4, when the state quantity which needs to be obtained through the power-off routine test is the winding direct-current resistance of the transformer main body, part of the non-power-off detection method selects to perform dissolved gas analysis in the transformer body oil.
10. The method according to claim 1, wherein the key state variables include winding medium loss and capacitance of the transformer body, winding insulation resistance, absorption ratio or polarization index of the transformer body, core insulation resistance, bushing medium loss and capacitance of the transformer body, bushing insulation resistance, tap changer limit device, and on-load tap changer operation characteristics.
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