CN110565662A - Anchoring device for preventing freeze-thaw damage of slope in cold region - Google Patents
Anchoring device for preventing freeze-thaw damage of slope in cold region Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN110565662A CN110565662A CN201910862182.6A CN201910862182A CN110565662A CN 110565662 A CN110565662 A CN 110565662A CN 201910862182 A CN201910862182 A CN 201910862182A CN 110565662 A CN110565662 A CN 110565662A
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- Prior art keywords
- anchoring
- side slope
- anchor
- section
- liquid storage
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
- E02D17/20—Securing of slopes or inclines
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
- E02D17/20—Securing of slopes or inclines
- E02D17/207—Securing of slopes or inclines with means incorporating sheet piles or piles
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D15/00—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies
- F28D15/02—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies in which the medium condenses and evaporates, e.g. heat pipes
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Paleontology (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Piles And Underground Anchors (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an anchoring device for preventing freeze-thaw damage of a side slope in a cold region, which comprises an anchoring assembly anchored on the side slope in the cold region, wherein the anchoring assembly comprises an anchoring body and an expansion shell anchoring head arranged at the front end of the anchoring body, a closed liquid storage cavity is formed in the anchoring body, phase-change liquid is filled in the liquid storage cavity, the part, provided with the liquid storage cavity, of the anchoring body is sequentially divided into an evaporation section, a heat insulation section and a condensation section from front to back, the condensation section extends out of the side slope, the heat insulation section is positioned in a grout spraying support layer on the surface of the side slope, and the evaporation section is positioned in a freeze-thaw ring of the side slope. The invention can prevent the freezing and thawing change of the rock mass on the surface layer of the side slope caused by the change of the external climate, prevent the damage, the deterioration and the denudation of the freezing and thawing circulation action on the rock slope in the cold region and is beneficial to maintaining the long-term stability of the side slope in the cold region.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of slope engineering anchoring, in particular to an anchoring device for preventing freeze-thaw damage of a cold region slope.
Background
Mineral resources in high-altitude cold regions in China are rich and distributed intensively. The area has large positive and negative temperature difference, day and night circulation and season alternation, and the freeze-thaw circulation effect caused by the continuous change of the temperature seriously threatens the safety of geotechnical engineering in cold areas. A large number of defects such as irregular and multi-scale pores and cracks are scattered in the slope rock mass, the defects generate changes such as mechanics, physics, chemistry and the like under the action of water and freeze-thaw cycles, and micro-visual defects in the rock are continuously deteriorated and gradually evolve into macroscopic cracks to cause slope instability damage.
At present, the following defects mainly exist in the protection measures aiming at the slope engineering of the high-altitude cold region:
1) Anchor bolt support, anchor net support, shotcrete anchor net support: such support means are not long-term effective. The change of the climate temperature can form a freeze-thaw ring on the surface of the rock mass of the side slope, the freeze-thaw cycle continuously erodes the rock mass, so that the crack of the freeze-thaw ring is expanded, the bearing capacity is reduced, the phenomena of spalling, flaking, desertification and the like are generated on the surface of the rock mass, the anchoring effect is gradually dissipated, and the maintenance of the side slope cannot be guaranteed, so the protection effect is not obvious, and the long-term property is poor.
2) Set up thermal insulation layer, secondary is strutted: the protection has the advantages that the heat insulation layer is arranged between the initial protection and the secondary lining, the change of the external climate temperature is prevented from being transmitted to the interior of the rock mass, the heat exchange is reduced, and the protection has certain positive significance for preventing and treating freeze-thaw disasters, but some problems exist, such as retardation of the heat insulation layer on the refreezing of a surrounding rock freeze-thaw ring, the rock mass in the freeze-thaw ring cannot be further frozen or the freezing speed is slowed down in cold, the secondary lining cost is high, and the economical efficiency is poor.
disclosure of Invention
The present application is directed to solving at least one of the problems in the prior art. Therefore, one of the purposes of the invention is to provide an anchoring device for preventing freeze-thaw damage of a cold region side slope, which can bring the heat in the cold region side slope rock mass into the air to be released, keep the temperature of the frozen soil layer constant, change passive treatment into active protection, and achieve the effects of safety, economy and environmental protection.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
The utility model provides a prevention and cure cold district side slope freeze thawing damage's anchor device, includes the anchor on the cold district side slope, includes the anchor body and sets up in the bloated shell anchor head of anchor body front end, the tail end cover of anchor body is equipped with backing plate and anchor nut, be formed with an airtight stock solution chamber in the anchor body, the anchor body is equipped with the part in stock solution chamber and divide into evaporation zone, adiabatic section and condensation segment from the front to the back in proper order, the stock solution intracavity packing on the evaporation zone has the phase transition liquid, the condensation segment extends to outside the side slope, adiabatic section is located in the lateral slope surface spouts a thick liquid and props up the sheath, the evaporation zone is located the side slope freeze thawing circle.
the phase change liquid is the key for ensuring the temperature, needs to be vaporized before ice melts to ensure that the ice in the rock mass does not melt, and can adopt appropriate liquid such as liquid nitrogen.
furthermore, the outer wall of the heat dissipation section is provided with heat dissipation fins.
Further, the anchoring body comprises an anchoring rod and a heat conduction pipe which are connected, the liquid storage cavity is arranged in the heat conduction pipe, the length of the liquid storage cavity is set according to the conditions of a freeze-thaw ring of a side slope, and the expansion anchoring head is arranged on the anchoring rod.
The anchor rod is connected with the heat conduction pipe through the connector, and threaded counter bores in threaded connection with the anchor rod and the heat conduction pipe are arranged at two ends of the connector respectively.
furthermore, the anchoring rod is a hollow rod body, and anchoring threads are arranged on the outer wall of the anchoring rod.
It will be appreciated that the rod at the front end of the anchor is only one common form of the invention and may be modified to a flexible cable or other assembly which has the function of anchoring the rock mass.
the liquid storage cavity is skillfully arranged in the anchor rod, the liquid storage cavity is filled with the phase change liquid, the part of the anchor rod, which is provided with the liquid storage cavity, is sequentially divided into an evaporation section, a heat insulation section and a condensation section from front to back, the condensation section is arranged outside the side slope, the heat insulation section is arranged in the guniting support layer on the surface of the side slope, the evaporation section is arranged in a freeze-thawing ring of the side slope below the guniting support layer, the lower end of the anchor rod is anchored in the rock mass to ensure the stability of the rock mass, and the upper end of the anchor rod is used for ensuring the stability: the phase transition liquid in the stock solution intracavity absorbs the rock mass heat and becomes gaseous, and gas rises to the condensation segment under the pressure differential effect, meets cold air liquefaction and releases heat, and the heat scatters and disappears in the air through radiating fin, and liquid flows back to the evaporation zone under the action of gravity to this circulation to can guarantee the stability of freeze thawing circle temperature, play the erosion purpose of prevention and cure freeze thawing cycle effect to the rock mass, thereby can guarantee whole anchor's stability.
in summary, compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:
1) According to the invention, the liquid storage cavity is skillfully arranged in the anchor rod, the phase change liquid in the liquid storage cavity is utilized to generate phase change heat absorption, the physical state change is fully utilized to transfer heat, and the temperature of the surface rock soil body is kept constant.
2) the invention can effectively prevent and control the disasters such as damage deterioration, crack propagation, peeling, flaking, desertification and the like caused by the long-term weather temperature change of the rock and soil mass on the surface layer of the anchored slope.
3) The method can adapt to seasonal and periodic climatic conditions such as winter freezing and summer thawing, night freezing and day thawing and the like of rock and soil mass in high altitude cold regions, and has the advantages of safety, high efficiency, economy, environmental protection, simple working procedures, long protection time and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the heat transfer tube of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of the point A in FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of an expansion anchor head;
Figure 5 is a schematic view of a slope being braced using the anchoring device of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, an anchoring device for preventing freeze-thaw damage of a cold region side slope is anchored on the cold region side slope and comprises an anchor rod 1 and an expansion shell anchoring head 2 arranged at the front end of the anchor rod 1, a backing plate 3 and a nut 4 are sleeved at the tail end of the anchor rod 1, a liquid storage cavity 5 with one sealed end and the other end penetrating through the tail end face of the anchor rod is formed in the anchor rod 1, a plug 6 for sealing the liquid storage cavity 5 is further arranged at the tail end of the anchor rod, the part of the anchor rod provided with the liquid storage cavity 5 is sequentially divided into an evaporation section a, a heat insulation section b and a condensation section c from front to back, the liquid storage cavity 5 on the evaporation section a is filled with a phase change liquid 7, the condensation section c extends out of the side slope, the heat insulation section b is located in a slurry spraying support. The phase change liquid is the key for ensuring the temperature, needs to be vaporized before ice melts to ensure that the ice in the rock mass does not melt, and can adopt appropriate liquid such as liquid nitrogen.
Referring to fig. 2, the working principle of the present embodiment is as follows: when temperature difference is generated between the upper end and the lower end of the anchor rod corresponding to the liquid storage cavity 5, the evaporation section a absorbs heat from the interior of the rock body, so that the internal liquid 7 such as ammonia water and the like absorbs heat and is vaporized, pressure difference is generated in the liquid storage cavity 5, the vaporized liquid rises under the action of pressure, passes through the heat insulation section b to the condensation section c, heat is not dissipated in the heat insulation section b, the vaporized liquid is liquefied when meeting cold in the condensation section c, heat is released, and the heat is discharged into the air through the anchor rod; the vaporized liquid is liquefied again to form phase change liquid 7, and flows back to the evaporation section a along the inner wall of the liquid storage cavity 5 under the action of gravity to continuously absorb heat, so that the heat in the rock mass can be discharged to the air in a circulating reciprocating mode, the temperature stability of the freeze-thaw ring can be guaranteed, the damage and the degradation of the rock mass under the action of the freeze-thaw cycle can be prevented, and the long-term stability of the slope in the cold region can be maintained.
Compared with the existing anchoring supporting structure, the anchoring device can improve the reliability, economy and long-term effectiveness of slope protection, and changes passive treatment into active protection.
The whole anchor rod can be made of steel, and a heat insulation coating or a heat insulation layer can be sprayed or directly wrapped at the position, corresponding to the heat insulation section b, outside the anchor rod.
Referring to fig. 1, in order to improve the heat dissipation capability of the condensation section c, a plurality of heat dissipation fins 10 may be disposed on the outer wall of the condensation section c, and heat is quickly dissipated to the outside of the side slope through the heat dissipation fins 10.
Referring to fig. 3, in an embodiment, the anchor rod 1 may adopt a sectional structure: the device comprises an anchoring rod 101 and a heat conduction pipe 102 which are connected through a connector 11, a liquid storage cavity 5 is arranged in the heat conduction pipe 102, an expansion shell anchoring head 2 is arranged on the anchoring rod 101, two ends of the connector 11 are respectively provided with a thread counter bore in thread butt joint with the anchoring rod 101 and the heat conduction pipe 102, and the anchoring rod 101 and the heat conduction pipe 102 are in thread connection with the thread counter bore.
in order to improve the anchoring stability, the outer wall of the anchoring rod 101 is provided with anchoring threads.
In addition, for improving the grouting anchoring effect, the anchoring rod 101 may be a hollow rod body, a plurality of grouting holes are formed on a side wall of the hollow rod body, and hollow grouting is performed through an inner cavity of the anchoring rod 101. Of course, solid anchor rods 101 may also be used directly.
It will be appreciated that the rod at the front end of the anchor is only one common form of the invention and that the rod may also be a flexible cable or other assembly which has the function of anchoring the rock mass.
Referring to fig. 4, specifically, the expansion shell anchoring head 2 includes a screw 201, a nut 202 and two expansion shell clamping pieces 203 that are correspondingly arranged, one end of the screw 201 is fixedly connected with the front end of the anchoring rod 101, the other end of the screw passes through the two expansion shell clamping pieces 203 and is in threaded connection with the screw hole of the nut 202, the expansion shell clamping pieces 203 are fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the nut, and are inclined outwards towards the tail end of the anchor rod, preferably, the outer surface of the expansion shell clamping pieces is an inverted-sawtooth-shaped tapered surface, and the inverted-sawtooth rings are arranged, so that the friction force between the expansion shell anchoring head and the wall of the rock stratum hole is improved, and further, the anchoring force of the anchor.
The invention couples the phase-change heat transfer technology and the anchoring technology, utilizes the temperature difference between the upper end and the lower end of the heat transfer pipe 102 in the process of climate change to bring the heat inside the freeze-thaw ring to the air for releasing, keeps the temperature of the rock mass of the freeze-thaw ring constant, and prevents the denudation damage of the freeze-thaw cycle action on the rock mass. On the other hand, the anchoring technology is utilized to protect the slope engineering, the anchoring device not only can reinforce the slope, but also can prevent and treat freezing and thawing disasters of the slope engineering in high altitude cold regions, delay or prevent damage and damage of rock mass such as pore evolution, crack propagation, rock stratum peeling and the like in the process of climate and temperature alternate change, and has the advantages of safety, high efficiency, economy, environmental protection, long-term effectiveness and the like.
referring to fig. 5, the process of supporting the cold region side slope by using the anchoring device is as follows:
Step 1: collecting and collating meteorological data of a slope engineering area over the year, surveying the occurrence state of stratum geology, and summarizing the temperature change range, the annual average temperature and the freeze-thaw cycle thickness of a slope engineering area;
Step 2: determining the length of an anchoring body according to the data obtained in the step 1, ensuring that an evaporation section a is positioned in a freeze-thaw ring, a condensation section c can dissipate heat through the radiating fins 10 in time, and anchoring the anchoring head in bedrock 12 of the side slope;
And step 3: determining the arrangement range and density of the anchoring bodies in the slope engineering area through tests;
The present invention provides two schemes: firstly, according to engineering geotechnical body material preparation similar rock mass, bury the stock, simulation climate temperature variation (or at engineering field test), the regional temperature variation condition of different degree of depth of different ranges around the heat transfer pipe 102 of analysis, summarize heat transfer pipe 102 scope of action. Secondly, according to the existing engineering experience, the action range of the heat conduction pipe 102 is 3-4 m.
and 4, step 4: the anchors are installed by first drilling large diameter boreholes, which are above and small diameter boreholes, which are below, using a drilling machine, depending on the diameter and length of the heat transfer conduit 102. Firstly, embedding an anchoring rod 101 into a small-diameter drill hole, injecting cement slurry for fixation, then placing a connecting sleeve into the drill hole, connecting the end part of the anchoring rod 101 through threads, then placing the anchoring rod into a heat conduction pipe 102, connecting and fixing the bottom of the heat conduction pipe 102 and the connecting sleeve through threads, and then fixing the heat conduction pipe 102 by using the cement slurry;
And 5: and screwing the nut 4 at the tail end of the heat conduction pipe 102 to apply prestress on the anchor rod, so that the backing plate 3 is tightly attached to the slope.
Step 6: the slope is subjected to guniting treatment, so that on one hand, the water is prevented from permeating and the heat transfer is reduced, and on the other hand, the reinforcing and protecting effects are achieved.
The supporting method using the anchoring device has the following advantages:
1) According to the invention, the liquid storage cavity 5 is skillfully arranged in the anchor rod, the phase change liquid 7 in the liquid storage cavity 5 is utilized to perform phase change heat absorption, the heat is transferred by fully utilizing the change of the physical state, and the temperature of the surface rock soil body is kept constant.
2) The invention can effectively prevent and control disasters such as spalling, chipping, crack propagation, desertification and the like of the rock and soil mass on the surface layer of the side slope after anchoring.
3) The method can adapt to seasonal and periodic climatic conditions such as winter freezing and summer thawing, night freezing and day thawing and the like of rock and soil mass in high altitude cold regions, and has the advantages of safety, high efficiency, economy, environmental protection, simple working procedures, long protection time and the like.
the above examples are merely illustrative for clearly illustrating the present invention and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. Nor is it intended to be exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications of the invention may be made without departing from the scope of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a prevent and treat anchoring device of cold district side slope freeze thawing damage, includes the anchor body and sets up in the bloated shell anchor head of anchor body front end, the tail end cover of anchor body is equipped with backing plate and anchor nut, its characterized in that: the anchor is internally provided with a closed liquid storage cavity, the part of the anchor provided with the liquid storage cavity is sequentially divided into an evaporation section, a heat insulation section and a condensation section from front to back, phase-change liquid is filled in the liquid storage cavity on the evaporation section, the condensation section extends out of the side slope, the heat insulation section is positioned in a guniting support layer on the surface of the side slope, and the evaporation section is positioned in a freeze-thawing ring of the side slope.
2. The anchoring device of claim 1, wherein: the phase change liquid adopts liquid ammonia.
3. The anchoring device of claim 1, wherein: and the outer wall of the heat dissipation section is provided with heat dissipation fins.
4. Anchoring device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that: the anchor body includes interconnect's anchor rod and heat transmission pipe, the liquid storage chamber set up in the heat transmission pipe, liquid storage chamber length is according to the freezing and thawing of side slope circle condition setting.
5. anchoring device according to claim 4, characterized in that: the anchor rod is connected with the heat conduction pipe through the connector, and threaded counter bores in threaded connection with the anchor rod and the heat conduction pipe are arranged at two ends of the connector respectively.
6. Anchoring device according to claim 4, characterized in that: the anchoring rod is a hollow rod body, and anchoring threads are arranged on the outer wall of the anchoring rod.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910862182.6A CN110565662B (en) | 2019-09-12 | 2019-09-12 | Anchoring device for preventing freeze-thaw damage of slope in cold region |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910862182.6A CN110565662B (en) | 2019-09-12 | 2019-09-12 | Anchoring device for preventing freeze-thaw damage of slope in cold region |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN110565662A true CN110565662A (en) | 2019-12-13 |
| CN110565662B CN110565662B (en) | 2021-02-26 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201910862182.6A Active CN110565662B (en) | 2019-09-12 | 2019-09-12 | Anchoring device for preventing freeze-thaw damage of slope in cold region |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113356243A (en) * | 2021-07-02 | 2021-09-07 | 西安建筑科技大学 | Slope support anchoring construction method for frozen soil area |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104358265A (en) * | 2014-11-06 | 2015-02-18 | 兰州理工大学 | Active refrigeration and self-recovery cold region side slope support structure and construction method |
| JP2017057566A (en) * | 2015-09-14 | 2017-03-23 | 旭化成アドバンス株式会社 | Structural body and method for preventing frost heaving on slope surface |
| CN109372562A (en) * | 2018-12-17 | 2019-02-22 | 中铁西南科学研究院有限公司 | It is a kind of for handling the anchor pole and its construction method of tunnel surrounding season frost heave |
-
2019
- 2019-09-12 CN CN201910862182.6A patent/CN110565662B/en active Active
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104358265A (en) * | 2014-11-06 | 2015-02-18 | 兰州理工大学 | Active refrigeration and self-recovery cold region side slope support structure and construction method |
| JP2017057566A (en) * | 2015-09-14 | 2017-03-23 | 旭化成アドバンス株式会社 | Structural body and method for preventing frost heaving on slope surface |
| CN109372562A (en) * | 2018-12-17 | 2019-02-22 | 中铁西南科学研究院有限公司 | It is a kind of for handling the anchor pole and its construction method of tunnel surrounding season frost heave |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113356243A (en) * | 2021-07-02 | 2021-09-07 | 西安建筑科技大学 | Slope support anchoring construction method for frozen soil area |
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| CN110565662B (en) | 2021-02-26 |
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