CN110564993A - High-performance automobile die casting aluminum alloy material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
High-performance automobile die casting aluminum alloy material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 139
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 75
- 238000004512 die casting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 14
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 90
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 77
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 60
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 49
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 43
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 42
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 39
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 32
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910001278 Sr alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052729 chemical element Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052755 nonmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000011081 inoculation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 15
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 229910021364 Al-Si alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001338 liquidmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/026—Alloys based on aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/03—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/06—Making non-ferrous alloys with the use of special agents for refining or deoxidising
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/02—Alloys based on aluminium with silicon as the next major constituent
- C22C21/04—Modified aluminium-silicon alloys
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high-performance automobile die casting aluminum alloy material and a preparation method thereof, and the high-performance automobile die casting aluminum alloy material comprises the following components in percentage by mass: si: 8-9%, Fe: 0.5-0.8%, Cu: 3.2-3.8%, Mn: 0.15-0.40%, less than or equal to 0.3% of Mg, less than or equal to 1.5% of Zn, Sr: 0.008 to 0.02 percent, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of other single impurity elements, less than or equal to 0.15 percent of impurity elements, Al: 84.2 to 88.1 percent. A preparation method of a high-performance automobile die casting aluminum alloy material comprises the following steps: preparing materials, smelting, alloying, cooling, adjusting components, refining, standing and modifying. The invention optimizes the component proportion of the aluminum alloy material, is convenient for die-casting production, has enough strength to meet the load requirement of automobile die castings, and has wide applicability.
Description
Technical Field
the invention relates to an aluminum alloy material and a preparation method thereof, in particular to a high-performance automobile die casting aluminum alloy material and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of aluminum alloy materials.
Background
with the large application of aluminum alloy materials in various fields of automobile manufacturing industry, the demand of aluminum alloy is increasing worldwide, especially China, the development of modern die casting industry also requires that the market can provide more and more high-quality cast aluminum alloy materials, the aluminum alloy for automobiles has been widely applied in developed countries in the world such as Europe, America, Japan and the like, especially in the automobile industry, the aluminum content of each automobile abroad reaches 140Kg, the aluminum consumption of each domestic vehicle is only about 60Kg, the domestic demand of the aluminum consumption of the vehicle can be greatly improved, the demand of the national economy for the aluminum in various related fields is continuously improved, particularly the aluminum for die casting is widely popularized and applied due to the special one-step forming process, most of the aluminum for die casting is produced by using recycled aluminum, and is particularly used for high-performance aluminum alloy. With the advance of light weight of automobiles, the oil consumption of each automobile is also reduced, so that the light weight of the automobiles in China is accelerated, and the application of aluminum alloy materials to the automobiles is more necessary, which also requires that the China can provide more high-quality aluminum alloy materials. At the present stage, the die-casting industry in China develops rapidly, the application field relates to various industries, in particular to the field of automobile parts such as automobile engines, oil pumps, water pumps, gearboxes and the like, and meanwhile, because of the particularity of the application of products, the requirement on the provided aluminum alloy material is also high, such manufacturers require the die-casting manufacturability of the aluminum alloy material, the detection requirements of the aspects such as the air content of aluminum water, the slag content, the mechanical property and the like, and the requirements on the excellent strength and the physical property of the aluminum alloy can be met only by manufacturing the product on the raw materials.
high-performance aluminum alloy needs to use high-quality raw materials, advanced smelting process, special refining operation, detection means matched with the refining operation and the like at the present stage, and the difficulty of the mass production process of products is high. Most manufacturers at home and abroad use the original aluminum ingot and increase correspondingly required alloy elements for production, so that the cost is high and the quality is not very stable. In addition, foreign aluminum alloy production processes, equipment and other technologies are confidential, and it is difficult to completely master the technologies at home. However, the existing die-casting aluminum alloy has the defect of unavailable die-casting performance and mechanical strength, and the application of the aluminum alloy die-casting piece in the aspect of bearing parts such as automobiles and the like is seriously influenced.
disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the technology, the invention provides a high-performance automobile die casting aluminum alloy material and a preparation method thereof.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a high-performance automobile die casting aluminum alloy material comprises the following components in percentage by mass: si: 8-9%, Fe: 0.5-0.8%, Cu: 3.2-3.8%, Mn: 0.15-0.40%, less than or equal to 0.3% of Mg, less than or equal to 1.5% of Zn, Sr: 0.008 to 0.02 percent, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of other single impurity elements, less than or equal to 0.15 percent of impurity elements, Al: 84.2 to 88.1 percent.
further, the aluminum alloy material comprises the following components in percentage by mass: si: 8%, Fe: 0.5%, Cu: 3.2%, Mn: 0.15 percent, less than or equal to 0.3 percent of Mg, less than or equal to 1.5 percent of Zn, Sr: 0.008 percent, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of other single impurity elements, less than or equal to 0.15 percent of impurity elements, Al: 84.2 percent.
further, the aluminum alloy material comprises the following components in percentage by mass: si: 9%, Fe: 0.8%, Cu: 3.8%, Mn: 0.40 percent, less than or equal to 0.3 percent of Mg, less than or equal to 1.5 percent of Zn, Sr: 0.02 percent, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of other single impurity elements, less than or equal to 0.15 percent of impurity elements, Al: 88.1 percent.
a preparation method of a high-performance automobile die casting aluminum alloy material comprises the following steps:
1) preparing materials: preparing circulating casting aluminum alloy waste materials from a warehouse, including 18000-21000Kg of casting aluminum alloy containing 5-8% of metal silicon element, 8000-9000Kg of regeneration deformation aluminum alloy waste materials, Cu: 300-310kg, metal Si: 800-850Kg of Al-Sr alloy containing Sr 20%, wherein the casting aluminum alloy does not contain free non-Al metal and non-metal slag inclusion;
2) smelting: adding 18000-21000Kg of circulating casting aluminum alloy waste into a melting furnace in batches, adding 1500-2000Kg of circulating casting aluminum alloy waste every time, heating to 700-740 ℃, stirring to completely melt the added alloy waste, keeping the alloy waste in a molten state or a liquid state in the furnace, sampling, measuring chemical components in the furnace by using a direct-reading spectrometer, controlling the content of Fe element within 0.95%, controlling the content of Zn element within 1.9%, adding 3000-4000Kg of regenerated deformation aluminum alloy waste into the furnace, keeping the raw materials in a molten state during melting, and ensuring that the content of key element Fe is controlled below 0.85% and the content of Zn element is controlled below 1.65%;
3) Alloying: transferring the melted aluminum water into an alloying furnace, wherein the mass of the melted aluminum water is 21000-25000Kg, sampling to confirm the chemical components of the aluminum water, heating to 750-800 ℃, adding 300-310Kg of metallic copper and 800-850Kg of metallic silicon, alloying in the furnace for 40-50 minutes, fully stirring to ensure that alloying is finished, and sampling to verify the chemical element components;
4) Cooling and adjusting components: adding 5000-6000kg of residual regeneration wrought aluminum alloy raw materials according to the chemical composition requirement of the aluminum liquid, and adjusting the components until the chemical composition meets the chemical composition of the aluminum alloy material: si: 8-9%, Fe: 0.5-0.8%, Cu: 3.2 to 3.8 percent; mn: 0.15-0.40%, less than or equal to 0.3% of Mg, less than or equal to 1.5% of Zn, Al: 84.2-88.1%;
5) refining: adjusting the temperature of the aluminum liquid to 680-720 ℃, blowing 0.3-0.5% of refining agent and N2 into the furnace together, and refining for 25-30 minutes; after refining slag is removed, degassing for 15-20 minutes by using nitrogen, confirming that the gas-containing horizontal density equivalent is less than 1.5 percent and the slag content K is less than 2/20, and otherwise, continuing refining until the refining operation is qualified;
6) Standing: cleaning aluminum slag on the surface of the aluminum liquid, standing for more than 10 minutes, and determining the temperature to be 680-720 ℃;
7) Modification: after the components are confirmed to be qualified again, 50Kg of Al-Sr alloy containing Sr 20% is added for modification treatment, nitrogen is used for blowing and stirring for 3-5 minutes, and then inoculation is carried out for 15 minutes, and then aluminum ingots are cast.
according to the invention, the proper Sr modification is carried out on the aluminum alloy material, the internal structure of the metal is changed, the casting manufacturability and strength of the product are improved, the mechanical property is good, the product fluidity requirement is met, the formation of shrinkage cavities in the casting can be effectively reduced, the air tightness of the die casting is good, the product leakage test passing rate is improved, and the aluminum alloy material suitable for automobile die castings is prepared.
the invention optimizes the component proportion of the aluminum alloy material, improves the product performance, facilitates the die-casting production, has enough strength to meet the load requirement of automobile die-casting parts, and simultaneously manages and controls key elements influencing performance indexes to manufacture automobile die-casting part products which surpass most high requirements.
compared with the prior art, the design has the following advantages:
1) Good mechanical properties: the tensile strength is more than 330Mpa, the elongation is more than 3.5 percent, and the hardness is more than 95 HBW;
2) The alloy material has good internal quality, has lower slag content and gas content, can respectively reach the level that K is lower than 2/20 and the density equivalent is lower than 2 percent, and is beneficial to improving the internal quality of die-casting products;
3) The product after being die-cast into automobile parts has good air tightness and high leak test passing rate;
4) The Si phase and the alpha-Al in the internal structure of the material are uniformly distributed, no blocky Si phase exists, the Si phase in the metal structure is spherical, and the material has good strength and toughness.
Detailed Description
the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific embodiments.
a high-performance automobile die casting aluminum alloy material comprises the following components in percentage by mass: si: 8-9%, Fe: 0.5-0.8%, Cu: 3.2-3.8%, Mn: 0.15-0.40%, less than or equal to 0.3% of Mg, less than or equal to 1.5% of Zn, Sr: 0.008 to 0.02 percent, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of other single impurity elements, less than or equal to 0.15 percent of impurity elements, Al: 84.2 to 88.1 percent.
the aluminum alloy material comprises the following components in percentage by mass: si: 8%, Fe: 0.5%, Cu: 3.2%, Mn: 0.15 percent, less than or equal to 0.3 percent of Mg, less than or equal to 1.5 percent of Zn, Sr: 0.008 percent, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of other single impurity elements, less than or equal to 0.15 percent of impurity elements, Al: 84.2 percent.
The aluminum alloy material comprises the following components in percentage by mass: si: 9%, Fe: 0.8%, Cu: 3.8%, Mn: 0.40 percent, less than or equal to 0.3 percent of Mg, less than or equal to 1.5 percent of Zn, Sr: 0.02 percent, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of other single impurity elements, less than or equal to 0.15 percent of impurity elements, Al: 88.1 percent.
a preparation method of a high-performance automobile die casting aluminum alloy material comprises the following steps:
1) preparing materials: preparing circulating casting aluminum alloy waste materials from a warehouse, including 18000-21000Kg of casting aluminum alloy containing 5-8% of metal silicon element, 8000-9000Kg of regeneration deformation aluminum alloy waste materials, Cu: 300-310kg, metal Si: 800-850Kg of Al-Sr alloy containing Sr 20%, wherein the casting aluminum alloy does not contain free non-Al metal and non-metal slag inclusion;
2) Smelting: 18000-21000kg of circulating casting aluminum alloy waste is added into a melting furnace in batches, 1500-2000kg of circulating casting aluminum alloy waste is added each time, the principle of complete melting is adopted under the condition of no temperature rise, and chemical component analysis is needed once after 2-3 times of adding. The method comprises the following steps of adding the circulating casting aluminum alloy waste in multiple batches, wherein the specific addition amount is determined by the contents of Fe and Zn elements, and the components of the circulating casting aluminum alloy waste are not invariable, so that the adjustment is carried out while adding the aluminum alloy waste in the middle, but the error is not too large; heating to 700-740 ℃, stirring to completely melt the added alloy waste, keeping the alloy waste in a molten state or a liquid state in the furnace, sampling, and measuring chemical components in the furnace by using a direct-reading spectrometer, wherein the chemical components are only used as the basis for feeding in the next stage; adjusting the chemical composition of the aluminum liquid by adding the circulating casting aluminum alloy waste into the melting furnace, controlling the content of Fe element within 0.95 percent and controlling the content of Zn element within 1.9 percent as the following burdening basis; adding 3000-4000Kg of regenerated wrought aluminum alloy waste into the furnace, and keeping the raw materials in a molten state during melting, so as to ensure that the content of a key element Fe is controlled to be below 0.85 percent and the content of a Zn element is controlled to be below 1.65 percent;
3) Alloying: transferring the melted aluminum water to an alloying furnace, wherein the mass of the melted aluminum water is 21000-25000Kg, sampling to confirm the chemical components of the aluminum water, heating to 750-800 ℃, adding 300-310Kg of metallic copper and 800-850Kg of metallic silicon, wherein the adding mass of the Cu and the Si is obtained according to the supplement amount of actually measured data; alloying in a furnace for 40-50 minutes, then fully stirring to ensure that alloying is finished, and sampling to verify chemical element components;
4) cooling and adjusting components: adding 5000-6000kg of residual regeneration wrought aluminum alloy raw materials according to the chemical composition requirement of the aluminum liquid, and adjusting the components until the chemical composition meets the chemical composition of the aluminum alloy material: si: 8-9%, Fe: 0.5-0.8%, Cu: 3.2 to 3.8 percent; mn: 0.15-0.40%, less than or equal to 0.3% of Mg, less than or equal to 1.5% of Zn, Al: 84.2-88.1%; because the waste material of the aluminum alloy obtained by the circular casting contains some impurities, the obtained aluminum liquid contains no more than 0.05 percent of other single impurity elements, and the sum of the impurity elements is no more than 0.15 percent.
5) refining: adjusting the temperature of the aluminum liquid to 680-720 ℃, blowing 0.3-0.5% of refining agent and N2 into the furnace together, and refining for 25-30 minutes; after refining slag is removed, degassing for 15-20 minutes by using nitrogen, confirming that the gas-containing horizontal density equivalent is less than 1.5 percent and the slag content K is less than 2/20, and otherwise, continuing refining until the refining operation is qualified; the aluminum alloy material oxide inclusion K produced by the method is 0, and the oxide inclusion is detected by adopting Japanese standard K which is S/N, wherein K is the 'oxide inclusion number' in one sample, and S: total number of oxide inclusions in N sections, N: the number of the sections is 0.20-0.45 of the aluminum alloy ingot K produced without adopting the process.
6) Standing: cleaning aluminum slag on the surface of the aluminum liquid, standing for more than 10 minutes, and determining the temperature to be 680-720 ℃;
7) modification: after the components are confirmed to be qualified again, 50Kg of Al-Sr alloy containing Sr 20% is added for modification treatment, nitrogen is used for blowing and stirring for 3-5 minutes, and then inoculation is carried out for 15 minutes, and then aluminum ingots are cast. Sr is used as a modifier for refining grains and improving the structure so as to improve the performance of the material. Before the liquid metal is crystallized, some alterant Sr is added to increase the nucleation rate of crystal nucleus or reduce the speed rate of metal crystallization, so as to improve the strength and toughness of the product, improve the die casting manufacturability, obviously reduce the slag content and sediment of the aluminum liquid, reduce the gas content, facilitate die casting, avoid sticking the die, improve the finished product rate of die casting parts and the like.
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples.
the first embodiment is as follows:
A high-performance automobile die casting aluminum alloy material comprises the following components in percentage by mass: si: 8%, Fe: 0.5%, Cu: 3.2%, Mn: 0.15%, Mg: 0.2%, Zn: 1.3%, Sr: 0.008%, Al: 84.2 percent.
a preparation method of a high-performance automobile die casting aluminum alloy material comprises the following steps:
1) Preparing materials: preparing circulating casting aluminum alloy waste materials from a warehouse, including 18000-21000Kg of casting aluminum alloy containing 5-8% of metal silicon element, 8000-9000Kg of regeneration deformation aluminum alloy waste materials, Cu: 300-310kg, metal Si: 800-850Kg of Al-Sr alloy containing Sr 20%, wherein the casting aluminum alloy does not contain free non-Al metal and non-metal slag inclusion;
2) Smelting: adding 18000Kg of circulating casting aluminum alloy waste into a melting furnace, adding 1500Kg of circulating casting aluminum alloy waste every time, heating to 700 ℃ and stirring to completely melt the added alloy waste, keeping the alloy waste in a molten state or a liquid state in the furnace, sampling, measuring chemical components in the furnace by using a direct-reading spectrometer, controlling the content of Fe element within 0.95% and the content of Zn element within 1.9%, adding 3000Kg of regenerated deformation aluminum alloy waste into the furnace, keeping the raw materials in the molten state in the furnace during melting, ensuring that the content of Fe key elements is controlled below 0.85% and the content of Zn elements is controlled below 1.65%;
3) Alloying: transferring the molten aluminum water to an alloying furnace, wherein the mass of the molten aluminum water is 21000Kg, sampling to confirm the chemical components of the aluminum water, heating to 750 ℃, adding 300Kg of metallic copper and 800Kg of metallic silicon, alloying in the furnace for 40 minutes, fully stirring to ensure that alloying is finished, and sampling to verify the chemical element components;
4) Cooling and adjusting components: adding 5000kg of residual regeneration wrought aluminum alloy raw materials according to the chemical composition requirement of the aluminum liquid, and adjusting the components until the chemical composition meets the chemical composition of the aluminum alloy material: si: 8%, Fe: 0.5%, Cu: 3.2%, Mn: 0.15%, Mg: 0.2%, Zn: 1.3%, Sr: 0.008%, Al: 84.2 percent;
5) Refining: adjusting the temperature of the aluminum liquid to 680 ℃, blowing 0.3 percent of refining agent and N2 into the furnace together, and refining for 25 minutes; after refining slag is removed, degassing for 15 minutes by using nitrogen, confirming that the gas-containing horizontal density equivalent is less than 1.5 percent and the slag content K is less than 2/20, and otherwise, continuing refining until the refining operation is qualified;
6) Standing: cleaning aluminum slag on the surface of the aluminum liquid, standing for more than 10 minutes, and determining the temperature to be 680 ℃;
7) Modification: after the components are confirmed to be qualified again, 50Kg of Al-Sr alloy containing Sr 20% is added for modification treatment, nitrogen is used for blowing and stirring for 3 minutes, and then inoculation is carried out for 15 minutes, and then aluminum ingots are cast.
The tensile property test of the sample of the aluminum alloy die casting prepared in the embodiment is carried out, and the result is as follows: the tensile strength is 332Mpa, the yield strength is 187Mpa, the elongation is 3.6%, the Brinell strength is 96HBW, the slag content is 0/20, and the gas content density equivalent is 1.1%.
example two:
a high-performance automobile die casting aluminum alloy material comprises the following components in percentage by mass: si: 9%, Fe: 0.8%, Cu: 3.8%, Mn: 0.40%, Mg: 0.3%, Zn: 1.5%, Sr: 0.02%, Al: 88.1 percent.
a preparation method of a high-performance automobile die casting aluminum alloy material comprises the following steps:
1) Preparing materials: preparing circulating casting aluminum alloy waste materials from a warehouse, including 18000-21000Kg of casting aluminum alloy containing 5-8% of metal silicon element, 8000-9000Kg of regeneration deformation aluminum alloy waste materials, Cu: 300-310kg, metal Si: 800-850Kg of Al-Sr alloy containing Sr 20%, wherein the casting aluminum alloy does not contain free non-Al metal and non-metal slag inclusion;
2) smelting: adding 21000Kg of circulating casting aluminum alloy waste into a melting furnace in batches, adding 2000Kg of circulating casting aluminum alloy waste every time, heating to 740 ℃, stirring to completely melt the added alloy waste, keeping the alloy waste in a molten state or a liquid state in the furnace, sampling, measuring chemical components in the furnace by using a direct-reading spectrometer, controlling the content of Fe element within 0.95 percent and the content of Zn element within 1.9 percent, adding 4000Kg of regenerated deformation aluminum alloy waste into the furnace, keeping the raw materials in the molten state during melting, ensuring that the content of Fe of key elements is controlled below 0.85 percent and the content of Zn elements is controlled below 1.65 percent;
3) alloying: transferring the molten aluminum water into an alloying furnace, wherein the mass of the molten aluminum water is 25000Kg, sampling to confirm the chemical components of the aluminum water, heating to 800 ℃, adding 310Kg of metallic copper and 850Kg of metallic silicon, alloying in the furnace for 50 minutes, fully stirring to ensure that alloying is finished, and sampling to verify the chemical element components;
4) cooling and adjusting components: adding 6000kg of the rest regenerated wrought aluminum alloy raw material according to the chemical composition requirement of the aluminum liquid, and adjusting the components until the chemical composition meets the chemical composition of the aluminum alloy material: si: 9%, Fe: 0.8%, Cu: 3.8%, Mn: 0.40%, Mg: 0.3%, Zn: 1.5%, Sr: 0.02%, Al: 88.1 percent;
5) Refining: adjusting the temperature of the aluminum liquid to 720 ℃, blowing 0.5 percent of refining agent and N2 into the furnace together, and refining for 30 minutes; after refining slag is removed, degassing for 20 minutes by using nitrogen, confirming that the gas-containing horizontal density equivalent is less than 1.5 percent and the slag content K is less than 2/20, and otherwise, continuing refining until the refining operation is qualified;
6) Standing: cleaning aluminum slag on the surface of the aluminum liquid, standing for more than 10 minutes, and determining the temperature to be 720 ℃;
7) Modification: after the components are confirmed to be qualified again, 50Kg of Al-Sr alloy containing Sr 20% is added for modification treatment, nitrogen is used for blowing and stirring for 5 minutes, and then inoculation is carried out for 15 minutes, and then aluminum ingots are cast.
The tensile property test of the sample of the cast aluminum alloy material casting prepared in the embodiment was carried out, and the result was: the tensile strength is 340MPa, the yield strength is 198MPa, the elongation is 3.9 percent, the Brinell strength is 118HBW, the slag content is 0/20, and the gas content density equivalent is 1.4 percent.
Example three:
a high-performance automobile die casting aluminum alloy material comprises the following components in percentage by mass: si: 8.2%, Fe: 0.55%, Cu: 3.3%, Mn: 0.28%, Mg: 0.3%, Zn: 1.3%, Sr: 0.01%, Al: 85.2 percent.
A preparation method of a high-performance automobile die casting aluminum alloy material comprises the following steps:
1) Preparing materials: preparing circulating casting aluminum alloy waste materials from a warehouse, including 18000-21000Kg of casting aluminum alloy containing 5-8% of metal silicon element, 8000-9000Kg of regeneration deformation aluminum alloy waste materials, Cu: 300-310kg, metal Si: 800-850Kg of Al-Sr alloy containing Sr 20%, wherein the casting aluminum alloy does not contain free non-Al metal and non-metal slag inclusion;
2) Smelting: adding 18800Kg of circulating casting aluminum alloy waste into a melting furnace in batches, adding 1650Kg of the circulating casting aluminum alloy waste every time, heating to 710 ℃, stirring to completely melt the added alloy waste, keeping the alloy waste in a molten state or a liquid state in the furnace, sampling, measuring chemical components in the furnace by using a direct-reading spectrometer, controlling the content of Fe element within 0.95 percent and the content of Zn element within 1.9 percent, adding 3250Kg of regeneration deformation aluminum alloy waste into the furnace, keeping the raw materials in the molten state during melting, ensuring that the content of Fe of key elements is controlled below 0.85 percent and the content of Zn elements is controlled below 1.65 percent;
3) alloying: transferring the molten aluminum water to an alloying furnace, wherein the mass of the molten aluminum water is 22050Kg, sampling to confirm chemical components of the aluminum water, heating to 760 ℃, adding 302Kg of metal copper and 810Kg of metal silicon, alloying in the furnace for 42 minutes, fully stirring to ensure that alloying is finished, and sampling to verify chemical element components;
4) cooling and adjusting components: adding 5200kg of residual regeneration wrought aluminum alloy raw materials according to the chemical composition requirements of the aluminum liquid, and adjusting the components until the chemical compositions meet the chemical composition of the aluminum alloy material: si: 8.2%, Fe: 0.55%, Cu: 3.3%, Mn: 0.28%, Mg: 0.3%, Zn: 1.3%, Sr: 0.01%, Al: 85.2 percent;
5) refining: adjusting the temperature of the aluminum liquid to 690 ℃, blowing 0.35% of refining agent and N2 into the furnace together, and refining for 26 minutes; after refining slag is removed, degassing for 17 minutes by using nitrogen, confirming that the gas-containing horizontal density equivalent is less than 1.5 percent and the slag content K is less than 2/20, and otherwise, continuing refining until the refining operation is qualified;
6) standing: cleaning aluminum slag on the surface of the aluminum liquid, standing for more than 10 minutes, and determining the temperature to be 690 ℃;
7) Modification: after the components are confirmed to be qualified again, 50Kg of Al-Sr alloy containing Sr 20% is added for modification treatment, nitrogen is used for blowing and stirring for 3.5 minutes, and then inoculation is carried out for 15 minutes, and then aluminum ingots are cast.
The tensile property test of the sample of the cast aluminum alloy material casting prepared in the embodiment was carried out, and the result was: the tensile strength is 334Mpa, the yield strength is 189Mpa, the elongation is 3.65%, the Brinell strength is 102HBW, the slag content is 0/20, and the gas content density equivalent is 1.1%.
example four:
A high-performance automobile die casting aluminum alloy material comprises the following components in percentage by mass: si: 8.5%, Fe: 0.65%, Cu: 3.5%, Mn: 0.30%, Mg: 0.2%, Zn: 1.5%, Sr: 0.013%, Al: 86.2 percent.
A preparation method of a high-performance automobile die casting aluminum alloy material comprises the following steps:
1) preparing materials: preparing circulating casting aluminum alloy waste materials from a warehouse, including 18000-21000Kg of casting aluminum alloy containing 5-8% of metal silicon element, 8000-9000Kg of regeneration deformation aluminum alloy waste materials, Cu: 300-310kg, metal Si: 800-850Kg of Al-Sr alloy containing Sr 20%, wherein the casting aluminum alloy does not contain free non-Al metal and non-metal slag inclusion;
2) smelting: adding 19600Kg of circulating casting aluminum alloy waste into a melting furnace in batches, adding 1800Kg each time, heating to 720 ℃ and stirring to completely melt the added alloy waste, keeping the alloy waste in a molten state or a liquid state in the furnace, sampling, measuring chemical components in the furnace by using a direct-reading spectrometer, controlling the content of Fe element within 0.95 percent and the content of Zn element within 1.9 percent, adding 3500Kg of regenerated deformation aluminum alloy waste into the furnace, keeping the raw materials in the molten state during melting, ensuring that the content of Fe of key elements is controlled below 0.85 percent and the content of Zn element is controlled below 1.65 percent;
3) alloying: transferring the molten aluminum water to an alloying furnace, wherein the mass of the molten aluminum water is 23100Kg, sampling to confirm the chemical components of the aluminum water, heating to 775 ℃, adding 305Kg of metallic copper and 825Kg of metallic silicon, alloying in the furnace for 45 minutes, fully stirring to ensure that alloying is finished, and sampling to verify the chemical element components;
4) cooling and adjusting components: adding 5500kg of residual regeneration deformation aluminum alloy raw materials according to the chemical composition requirement of the aluminum liquid, and adjusting the components until the chemical composition meets the chemical composition of the aluminum alloy material: si: 8.5%, Fe: 0.65%, Cu: 3.5%, Mn: 0.30%, Mg: 0.2%, Zn: 1.5%, Sr: 0.013%, Al: 86.2 percent;
5) refining: adjusting the temperature of the aluminum liquid to 700 ℃, blowing 0.4% of refining agent and N2 into the furnace together, and refining for 28 minutes; after refining slag is removed, degassing for 18 minutes by using nitrogen, confirming that the gas-containing horizontal density equivalent is less than 1.5 percent and the slag content K is less than 2/20, and otherwise, continuing refining until the refining operation is qualified;
6) Standing: cleaning aluminum slag on the surface of the aluminum liquid, standing for more than 10 minutes, and determining the temperature to be 700 ℃;
7) Modification: after the components are confirmed to be qualified again, 50Kg of Al-Sr alloy containing Sr 20% is added for modification treatment, nitrogen is used for blowing and stirring for 4 minutes, and the mixture is inoculated for 15 minutes and cast into aluminum ingots.
the tensile property test of the sample of the cast aluminum alloy material casting prepared in the embodiment was carried out, and the result was: the tensile strength is 336Mpa, the yield strength is 192Mpa, the elongation is 3.75%, the Brinell strength is 108HBW, the slag content is 0/20, and the gas content density equivalent is 1.2%.
example five:
a high-performance automobile die casting aluminum alloy material comprises the following components in percentage by mass: si: 8.8%, Fe: 0.75%, Cu: 3.7%, Mn: 0.36%, Mg: 0.1%, Zn: 1.2%, Sr: 0.016%, Al: 87.1 percent.
a preparation method of a high-performance automobile die casting aluminum alloy material comprises the following steps:
1) Preparing materials: preparing circulating casting aluminum alloy waste materials from a warehouse, including 18000-21000Kg of casting aluminum alloy containing 5-8% of metal silicon element, 8000-9000Kg of regeneration deformation aluminum alloy waste materials, Cu: 300-310kg, metal Si: 800-850Kg of Al-Sr alloy containing Sr 20%, wherein the casting aluminum alloy does not contain free non-Al metal and non-metal slag inclusion;
2) smelting: adding 20400Kg of circulating casting aluminum alloy waste into a melting furnace in batches, adding 1900Kg of circulating casting aluminum alloy waste every time, heating to 730 ℃ and stirring to completely melt the added alloy waste, keeping the alloy waste in a molten state or a liquid state in the furnace, sampling, measuring chemical components in the furnace by using a direct-reading spectrometer, controlling the content of Fe element within 0.95%, controlling the content of Zn element within 1.9%, adding 3750Kg of regenerated deformation aluminum alloy waste into the furnace, keeping the raw materials in the molten state during melting, ensuring that the content of Fe of key elements is controlled below 0.85%, and controlling the content of Zn element below 1.65%;
3) Alloying: transferring the molten aluminum water to an alloying furnace, wherein the mass of the molten aluminum water is 24150Kg, sampling to confirm the chemical components of the aluminum water, heating to 785 ℃, adding 308Kg of metallic copper and 840Kg of metallic silicon, alloying in the furnace for 47 minutes, fully stirring to ensure that alloying is finished, and sampling to verify the chemical element components;
4) cooling and adjusting components: adding 5800kg of the rest regeneration deformation aluminum alloy raw material according to the chemical composition requirement of the aluminum liquid, and adjusting the components until the chemical composition meets the chemical composition of the aluminum alloy material: si: 8.8%, Fe: 0.75%, Cu: 3.7%, Mn: 0.36%, Mg: 0.1%, Zn: 1.2%, Sr: 0.016%, Al: 87.1 percent;
5) refining: adjusting the temperature of the aluminum liquid to 710 ℃, blowing 0.45% of refining agent and N2 into the furnace together, and refining for 29 minutes; after refining slag is removed, degassing for 19 minutes by using nitrogen, confirming that the gas-containing horizontal density equivalent is less than 1.5 percent and the slag content K is less than 2/20, and otherwise, continuing refining until the refining operation is qualified;
6) standing: cleaning aluminum slag on the surface of the aluminum liquid, standing for more than 10 minutes, and determining the temperature to be 710 ℃;
7) Modification: after the components are confirmed to be qualified again, 50Kg of Al-Sr alloy containing Sr 20% is added for modification treatment, nitrogen is used for blowing and stirring for 4.5 minutes, and then inoculation is carried out for 15 minutes, and then aluminum ingots are cast.
the tensile property test of the sample of the cast aluminum alloy material casting prepared in the embodiment was carried out, and the result was: the tensile strength is 338Mpa, the yield strength is 195Mpa, the elongation is 3.8%, the Brinell strength is 113HBW, the slag content is 0/20, and the gas content density equivalent is 1.3%.
comparative experiment: tensile property test is carried out on similar products, and the result is as follows: the tensile strength is 196Mpa, the yield strength is 102Mpa, the elongation is 1.28%, the Brinell strength is 78.4HBW, the slag content is 2/20, and the gas content density equivalent is 1.6%.
The high-performance automobile die casting aluminum alloy material prepared by the invention has excellent tensile strength and elongation, the tensile strength can reach more than 330MPa, the elongation reaches more than 3.5%, the performance of the high-performance automobile die casting aluminum alloy material is respectively improved by 25% and 150% compared with that of a common Al-Si alloy, the data uses a metal test bar as reference data, and non-die casting test bar data (the die casting test bar has higher numerical value, but related die casting parameters also greatly influence the performance of the die casting test bar). The invention improves the strength and toughness of the product, improves the die casting manufacturability, obviously reduces the slag content and the precipitate of the aluminum liquid, has less gas content, is easy to die cast, does not stick to the die, improves the finished product rate of die castings, and the like by adding the proper alterant Sr. The invention can realize the mass production of the aluminum alloy ingots of the same kind so as to meet the increasing output requirements of customers. In addition, the scale production is enlarged to gradually occupy the domestic and international markets of the aluminum alloy ingot in the field, the international competitiveness of the company is increased, and the large floor is possessed in the domestic and international markets.
the above embodiments are not intended to limit the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above examples, and those skilled in the art may make variations, modifications, additions or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. The utility model provides a high performance car die casting aluminum alloy material which characterized in that: the aluminum alloy material comprises the following components in percentage by mass: si: 8-9%, Fe: 0.5-0.8%, Cu: 3.2-3.8%, Mn: 0.15-0.40%, less than or equal to 0.3% of Mg, less than or equal to 1.5% of Zn, Sr: 0.008 to 0.02 percent, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of other single impurity elements, less than or equal to 0.15 percent of impurity elements, Al: 84.2 to 88.1 percent.
2. the high performance aluminum alloy automotive die casting material of claim 1, wherein: the aluminum alloy material comprises the following components in percentage by mass: si: 8%, Fe: 0.5%, Cu: 3.2%, Mn: 0.15 percent, less than or equal to 0.3 percent of Mg, less than or equal to 1.5 percent of Zn, Sr: 0.008 percent, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of other single impurity elements, less than or equal to 0.15 percent of impurity elements, Al: 84.2 percent.
3. the high performance aluminum alloy automotive die casting material of claim 1, wherein: the aluminum alloy material comprises the following components in percentage by mass: si: 9%, Fe: 0.8%, Cu: 3.8%, Mn: 0.40 percent, less than or equal to 0.3 percent of Mg, less than or equal to 1.5 percent of Zn, Sr: 0.02 percent, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of other single impurity elements, less than or equal to 0.15 percent of impurity elements, Al: 88.1 percent.
4. a method for preparing the high-performance aluminum alloy material for automobile die castings according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
1) Preparing materials: preparing circulating casting aluminum alloy waste materials from a warehouse, including 18000-21000Kg of casting aluminum alloy containing 5-8% of metal silicon element, 8000-9000Kg of regeneration deformation aluminum alloy waste materials, Cu: 300-310kg, metal Si: 800-850Kg of Al-Sr alloy containing Sr 20%, wherein the casting aluminum alloy does not contain free non-Al metal and non-metal slag inclusion;
2) smelting: adding 18000-21000Kg of circulating casting aluminum alloy waste into a melting furnace in batches, adding 1500-2000Kg of circulating casting aluminum alloy waste every time, heating to 700-740 ℃, stirring to completely melt the added alloy waste, keeping the alloy waste in a molten state or a liquid state in the furnace, sampling, measuring chemical components in the furnace by using a direct-reading spectrometer, controlling the content of Fe element within 0.95%, controlling the content of Zn element within 1.9%, adding 3000-4000Kg of regenerated deformation aluminum alloy waste into the furnace, keeping the raw materials in a molten state during melting, and ensuring that the content of key element Fe is controlled below 0.85% and the content of Zn element is controlled below 1.65%;
3) alloying: transferring the melted aluminum water into an alloying furnace, wherein the mass of the melted aluminum water is 21000-25000Kg, sampling to confirm the chemical components of the aluminum water, heating to 750-800 ℃, adding 300-310Kg of metallic copper and 800-850Kg of metallic silicon, alloying in the furnace for 40-50 minutes, fully stirring to ensure that alloying is finished, and sampling to verify the chemical element components;
4) cooling and adjusting components: adding 5000-6000kg of residual regeneration wrought aluminum alloy raw materials according to the chemical composition requirement of the aluminum liquid, and adjusting the components until the chemical composition meets the chemical composition of the aluminum alloy material: si: 8-9%, Fe: 0.5-0.8%, Cu: 3.2 to 3.8 percent; mn: 0.15-0.40%, less than or equal to 0.3% of Mg, less than or equal to 1.5% of Zn, Al: 84.2-88.1%;
5) refining: adjusting the temperature of the aluminum liquid to 680-720 ℃, blowing 0.3-0.5% of refining agent and N2 into the furnace together, and refining for 25-30 minutes; after refining slag is removed, degassing for 15-20 minutes by using nitrogen, confirming that the gas-containing horizontal density equivalent is less than 1.5 percent and the slag content K is less than 2/20, and otherwise, continuing refining until the refining operation is qualified;
6) standing: cleaning aluminum slag on the surface of the aluminum liquid, standing for more than 10 minutes, and determining the temperature to be 680-720 ℃;
7) modification: after the components are confirmed to be qualified again, 50Kg of Al-Sr alloy containing Sr 20% is added for modification treatment, nitrogen is used for blowing and stirring for 3-5 minutes, and then inoculation is carried out for 15 minutes, and then aluminum ingots are cast.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110885941A (en) * | 2019-12-30 | 2020-03-17 | 南京南超模具装备有限公司 | High-toughness aluminum alloy material and preparation method thereof |
| CN111690849A (en) * | 2020-07-08 | 2020-09-22 | 沈阳航空航天大学 | Refining method of iron-rich phase in Al-Si series die-casting aluminum alloy and alloy |
| CN113151702A (en) * | 2020-12-30 | 2021-07-23 | 福建省金瑞高科有限公司 | Preparation method of aluminum alloy material for semi-solid die casting of 5G radiating shell |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110885941A (en) * | 2019-12-30 | 2020-03-17 | 南京南超模具装备有限公司 | High-toughness aluminum alloy material and preparation method thereof |
| CN111690849A (en) * | 2020-07-08 | 2020-09-22 | 沈阳航空航天大学 | Refining method of iron-rich phase in Al-Si series die-casting aluminum alloy and alloy |
| CN113151702A (en) * | 2020-12-30 | 2021-07-23 | 福建省金瑞高科有限公司 | Preparation method of aluminum alloy material for semi-solid die casting of 5G radiating shell |
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