CN110564300A - 一种可自发修复损伤裂缝的涂料 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种可自修复损伤裂缝的涂料及其制备和应用方法，由如下组分制备而成：自修复填料、基本树脂、助剂、黏度调节剂、颜料。本发明可作为于塑料、布、大理石、陶瓷、木材、金属等的涂层上，本发明所述的自发修复损伤裂缝的涂料具有增强被覆盖基体的强度和修复基体能力，并提高其使用寿命的作用，具有极大的经济价值。
Description
本发明涉及一种可自发修复损伤裂缝的涂料及其应用，属于涂料技术领域。
背景技术
混凝土、钢材等建筑材料是当今世界上用量最大、用途最广的材料，但其脆性本质使其抗裂性差，在施工或者长期的使用过程中极易产生微裂缝。这些裂缝的存在及发展势必影响这些建筑材料结构的使用性能，降低其耐久性和使用寿命。
采用修补材料对建筑的宏观裂缝进行修补的传统方法不仅增加了重复施工的次数，提高了成本(修复材料和人工费用价格昂贵)，如若修复材料与建筑材料相容性不好，裂缝处与修复材料之间也极易断裂，修复效果不佳。而在实际的混凝土工程结构中，许多微小裂纹发生在其结构内部，如果这些微观范围的损伤在发展成宏观裂缝之前，就能得到及时有效的修复，那么将大大降低后期修补或维修成本，提高结构的安全性和使用寿命。因此，能够主动感知并修复建筑墙体裂缝的自修复技术成为该领域的研究热点。
目前国内外使用的自修复材料均是掺入建筑材料中，存在难相容、不易搅拌、浇筑，且可能降低建筑材料的性能，得到适得其反的效果。因此，研发一种价格低廉、施工简便、可以持续修复裂缝损伤并保证建筑材料性能不受影响的自修复材料是时代发展的需要。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是针对上述现有技术的不足，提供一种可自发修复损伤裂缝的涂料，目的是通过将建筑材料表面覆盖上可自发修复损伤裂缝的涂层，进行有效的建材软修复进而解决建筑材料结构容易开裂、开裂后修复以及修复后整体强度降低的问题，具有抗裂、自修复裂缝、裂缝修复后整体强度增强的特点。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明所采取的技术方案是：一种可自发修复损伤裂缝的涂料，其特征在于，原料组分包括：基本树脂51-78份，助剂0.1-12份，黏度调节剂7-13份，自修复填料6-52份，颜料3-12份
上述一种可自发修复损伤裂缝的涂料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
在干燥氮气的保护下,将偶联剂和自修复材料按计量加入四口瓶烧瓶中,混合均匀后常温反应3h,得到组分A。
在装有电动搅拌装置、加热装置、温度计和真空入口的三口烧杯中加入准确计量的基本树脂并加热升温至100-200℃，在真空度小于0.67kPa下，脱水1-2h，取样测水分小于0.1％时降温，当温度在60-90℃之间时，加入已蒸馏干燥过且计量准确的组分A、黏度调节剂、增塑剂、抗氧化剂和紫外线吸收剂等助剂，快速搅拌使其完全均匀混合，并抽真空脱泡3-10min。当气泡基本抽完时停止搅拌、解除真空，倒入配好比例的助剂和颜料进行搅拌，直至均匀。
所得的性能检测结果为：
本发明组分简单，成本低廉，绿色环保，且能持续自行修复因各种原因所造成的微裂缝或微损伤，且修复速度快，修复效果好。
具体实施方法
为了更好的解决技术问题，以下通过具体实施案例对本发明作进一步说明，但这并非是对本发明的限制，本领域技术人员根据本发明的基本思想，可以做出各种修改或改进，但是只要不脱离本发明的基本思想，均在本发明的范围之内。
实施案例一：
通过使用模板法的手段，使6重量份无机自修复材料填入中空的纳米硅球里面。在干燥氮气的保护下,将硅烷偶联剂和纳米硅球按计量加入四口瓶烧瓶中,混合均匀后常温反应3h,得到组分A。
在装有电动搅拌装置、加热装置、温度计和真空入口的三口烧杯中加入准确计量的62重量份聚氨酯树脂并加热升温至100-200℃，在真空度小于0.67kPa下，脱水1-2h，取样测水分小于0.1％时降温，当温度在60-90℃之间时，加入已蒸馏干燥过且计量准确的组分A、微晶蜡、聚乙烯蜡、白炭黑、羟丙基甲基纤维素、抗氧化剂和紫外线吸收剂等助剂8重量份，快速搅拌使其完全均匀混合。在高剪切力情况下，一边进行搅拌，一边精确地用滴管缓慢滴加硅烷偶联剂，并抽真空脱泡3-10min。当气泡基本抽完时停止搅拌、解除真空，倒入配好比例的钛白粉和流平剂进行搅拌，直至均匀。
所得的性能检测结果为：
实施案例二：
在干燥氮气的保护下,将硅烷偶联剂和聚乳酸-羟基乙酸共聚物自修复材料52重量份按计量加入四口瓶烧瓶中,混合均匀后常温反应3h,得到组分A。
在装有电动搅拌装置、加热装置、温度计和真空入口的三口烧杯中加入准确计量的76重量份聚酰胺树脂并加热升温至100-200℃，在真空度小于0.67kPa下，脱水1-2h，取样测水分小于0.1％时降温，当温度在60-90℃之间时，加入已蒸馏干燥过且计量准确的组分A、石蜡、羟甲基纤维素、抗氧化剂和紫外线吸收剂等助剂11重量份，快速搅拌使其完全均匀混合，并抽真空脱泡3-10min。当气泡基本抽完时停止搅拌、解除真空，倒入配好比例的碳酸钙、消泡剂和流平剂进行搅拌，直至均匀。
所得的性能检测结果为：
实施案例三：
将有机自修复材料20重量份填入碳纳米管中里面。在干燥氮气的保护下,将硅烷偶联剂和碳纳米管按计量加入四口瓶烧瓶中,混合均匀后常温反应3h,得到组分A。
在装有电动搅拌装置、加热装置、温度计和真空入口的三口烧杯中加入准确计量的55重量份聚酯树脂并加热升温至100-200℃，在真空度小于0.67kPa下，脱水1-2h，取样测水分小于0.1％时降温，当温度在60-90℃之间时，加入已蒸馏干燥过且计量准确的组分A、石蜡、聚乙烯蜡、白炭黑、羟丙基甲基纤维素、硅藻土、抗氧化剂和紫外线吸收剂等助剂15重量份，快速搅拌使其完全均匀混合。在高剪切力情况下，一边进行搅拌，一边精确地用滴管缓慢滴加钛酸酯偶联剂，并抽真空脱泡3-10min。当气泡基本抽完时停止搅拌、解除真空，倒入倒入配好比例的钛白粉、流平剂和铬黄粉进行搅拌，直至均匀。
所得的性能检测结果为：
Claims (7)
1.一种可自修复损伤裂缝的涂料，其特征在于，原料组分包括：
基本树脂40-80份，助剂0.1-15份，黏度调节剂3-15份，自修复填料1-73份，颜料1-17重量份。
2.如权利要求1所述的一种可自发修复损伤裂缝的涂料，其特征在于，原料组分包括：
基本树脂51-78份，助剂0.1-12份，黏度调节剂7-13份，自修复填料6-52份，颜料3-12份。
3.如权利要求1所述的一种可自发修复损伤裂缝的涂料，其特征在于，所述基本树脂为EVA、聚酯、聚酰胺、聚氨酯、聚烯烃、嵌段共聚物的一种或者多种混合。
4.如权利要求1所述的一种可自发修复损伤裂缝的涂料，其特征在于，所述助剂为优化助剂或者加工助剂中的一种或者多种混合；
优选的，所述优化助剂选自偶联剂、分散剂、抗氧化剂、紫外线吸收剂中的一种或者多种混合；
优选的，所述加工助剂选自消泡剂、流平剂、底材润湿剂中的一种或者多种混合。
5.如权利要求1所述的一种可自发修复损伤裂缝的涂料，其特征在于，所述黏度调节剂为石蜡、微晶蜡、聚乙烯蜡、氧化聚乙烯蜡、聚丙烯蜡、沙索蜡、超支化聚合物、APAO、亚乙基双硬脂酸酰胺、EVA、尿素、盐酸羟胺、环己醇中的一种或者多种混合。
6.如权利要求1所述的一种可自发修复损伤裂缝的涂料，其特征在于，所述自修复填料分为高分子自修复材料或者无机自修复材料中的一种或者多种混合；
优选的，所述高分子自修复材料选自聚氨酯、环氧树脂、乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚物、聚酰亚胺、纤维素、聚己内酯、聚乳酸、聚乙醇酸、聚乳酸-羟基乙酸共聚物、聚乙烯醇、聚乙二醇、聚乙烯醇、聚吡咯烷酮、聚多巴胺、聚乙烯醇缩丁醛及它们的衍生物中的至少一种和它们的改性材料中的一种或者多种混合。
优选的，所述无机自修复材料选自各种合金、金属、金属氧化物、硫铝酸钙、无水硫酸钙、氧化钙、二氧化硅、膨润土、硅藻土、柠檬酸钙、已二酸钙、酒石酸钙、沸石粉中的一种或者多种混合。
7.如权利要求1所述的一种可自发修复损伤裂缝的涂料，其特征在于，所述颜料为着色颜料或者体质颜料中的一种或者多种混合；
优选的，所述着色颜料选自钛白粉、铬黄中的一种或者多种混合；
优选的，所述体质颜料选自碳酸钙、滑石粉中的一种或者多种混合。
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| CN116750992A (zh) * | 2023-06-29 | 2023-09-15 | 山东高速基础设施建设有限公司 | 一种混凝土裂缝修复剂及其制备方法 |
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| CN110218544A (zh) * | 2019-06-13 | 2019-09-10 | 慧迈材料科技(广东)有限公司 | 一种具有磁性的胶黏剂 |
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| CN110218544A (zh) * | 2019-06-13 | 2019-09-10 | 慧迈材料科技(广东)有限公司 | 一种具有磁性的胶黏剂 |
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| CN113444438A (zh) * | 2020-12-30 | 2021-09-28 | 江苏苏博特新材料股份有限公司 | 一种混凝土超疏水自修复防护涂料及其制备方法 |
| CN113717622A (zh) * | 2021-10-13 | 2021-11-30 | 深圳市深赛尔股份有限公司 | 一种含有天冬树脂的水性自修复工业涂料及其制备方法 |
| CN116750992A (zh) * | 2023-06-29 | 2023-09-15 | 山东高速基础设施建设有限公司 | 一种混凝土裂缝修复剂及其制备方法 |
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