CN110563409A - steam-curing-free light and ultra-high-strength concrete and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
steam-curing-free light and ultra-high-strength concrete and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110563409A CN110563409A CN201910954051.0A CN201910954051A CN110563409A CN 110563409 A CN110563409 A CN 110563409A CN 201910954051 A CN201910954051 A CN 201910954051A CN 110563409 A CN110563409 A CN 110563409A
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 239000011372 high-strength concrete Substances 0.000 title claims description 23
- 239000004005 microsphere Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 85
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 74
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000006028 limestone Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000011325 microbead Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910021487 silica fume Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 43
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 229920002261 Corn starch Polymers 0.000 claims description 15
- 235000021314 Palmitic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000008120 corn starch Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- WQEPLUUGTLDZJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Pentadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O WQEPLUUGTLDZJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000010459 dolomite Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910000514 dolomite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920001285 xanthan gum Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
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- 229940082509 xanthan gum Drugs 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000010493 xanthan gum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000012043 crude product Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011268 mixed slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- DZSVIVLGBJKQAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(2-methyl-5-propan-2-ylcyclohex-2-en-1-yl)propan-1-one Chemical compound CCC(=O)C1CC(C(C)C)CC=C1C DZSVIVLGBJKQAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methacrylic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004113 Sepiolite Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000006136 alcoholysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000019355 sepiolite Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052624 sepiolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920002503 polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012798 spherical particle Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003431 cross linking reagent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007580 dry-mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000002791 glucosyl group Chemical group C1([C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O1)CO)* 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- AEQDJSLRWYMAQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,9,10-tetramethoxy-6,8,13,13a-tetrahydro-5H-isoquinolino[2,1-b]isoquinoline Chemical compound C1CN2CC(C(=C(OC)C=C3)OC)=C3CC2C2=C1C=C(OC)C(OC)=C2 AEQDJSLRWYMAQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011398 Portland cement Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000003368 amide group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010907 mechanical stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007127 saponification reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000176 sodium gluconate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940005574 sodium gluconate Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000012207 sodium gluconate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000000542 sulfonic acid group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 229930195735 unsaturated hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 17
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
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- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 description 11
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- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 8
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- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000011374 ultra-high-performance concrete Substances 0.000 description 5
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052863 mullite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical group [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012670 alkaline solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052878 cordierite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- JSKIRARMQDRGJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimagnesium dioxido-bis[(1-oxido-3-oxo-2,4,6,8,9-pentaoxa-1,3-disila-5,7-dialuminabicyclo[3.3.1]nonan-7-yl)oxy]silane Chemical compound [Mg++].[Mg++].[O-][Si]([O-])(O[Al]1O[Al]2O[Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])(O1)O2)O[Al]1O[Al]2O[Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])(O1)O2 JSKIRARMQDRGJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004574 high-performance concrete Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002440 industrial waste Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920005646 polycarboxylate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000008030 superplasticizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910001294 Reinforcing steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910006069 SO3H Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052661 anorthite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000536 complexating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- GWWPLLOVYSCJIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N dialuminum;calcium;disilicate Chemical compound [Al+3].[Al+3].[Ca+2].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] GWWPLLOVYSCJIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003517 fume Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011812 mixed powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010517 secondary reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008149 soap solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013268 sustained release Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012730 sustained-release form Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B20/00—Use of materials as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone according to more than one of groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 and characterised by shape or grain distribution; Treatment of materials according to more than one of the groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Expanding or defibrillating materials
- C04B20/02—Treatment
- C04B20/023—Chemical treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/04—Portland cements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B38/00—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof
- C04B38/0022—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof obtained by a chemical conversion or reaction other than those relating to the setting or hardening of cement-like material or to the formation of a sol or a gel, e.g. by carbonising or pyrolysing preformed cellular materials based on polymers, organo-metallic or organo-silicon precursors
- C04B38/0025—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof obtained by a chemical conversion or reaction other than those relating to the setting or hardening of cement-like material or to the formation of a sol or a gel, e.g. by carbonising or pyrolysing preformed cellular materials based on polymers, organo-metallic or organo-silicon precursors starting from inorganic materials only, e.g. metal foam; Lanxide type products
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B38/00—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof
- C04B38/08—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof by adding porous substances
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00017—Aspects relating to the protection of the environment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/40—Porous or lightweight materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of building materials, and particularly relates to steam-curing-free lightweight ultrahigh-strength concrete and a preparation method thereof. The concrete consists of a cementing material, interface modified high-strength porous microspheres, natural sand, a high-water-absorption slow-release type internal curing material, a super-dispersion shrinkage-reducing type additive and water. According to the invention, based on a particle tight packing theory, the composition of the cementing material particles is designed and optimized by adopting silica fume, fly ash microbeads and superfine limestone powder; firing high-strength porous microspheres, developing an interface improvement emulsion, treating the surfaces of the porous microspheres to obtain interface modified high-strength porous microspheres, and further optimizing a concrete interface transition region; the high water absorption slow release type internal curing material is prepared, and the early self-shrinkage of concrete is obviously reduced. The prepared concrete has the characteristics of high strength, light weight, small shrinkage and the like, can obviously reduce the self weight of the structure, and provides a new material choice for structural design and construction innovation.
Description
Technical Field
the invention belongs to the field of building materials, and particularly relates to steam-curing-free lightweight ultrahigh-strength concrete and a preparation method thereof.
Background
with the continuous expansion of urban areas and construction scales, the problem of traffic jam is increasingly prominent. The construction of urban viaducts and overpasses is a major measure for relieving traffic congestion. At present, most construction adopts a traditional concrete cast-in-place construction method, the construction period is long (3-5 years), and the phenomena of surrounding and road blockage caused by land occupation are very serious. The traditional construction method of the bridge is changed, and the rapid construction method of the prefabricated assembly is a development trend of the urban bridge construction technology, but the common high-performance concrete adopted at present has high density, low strength and large size and weight of prefabricated parts, so that the transportation and hoisting construction of the concrete are difficult, and the development and application of the prefabricated assembly construction technology are limited. Compared with common high-performance concrete, the ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC) has higher mechanical property and durability, can reduce the cross section size of a bridge, the using amount of reinforcing steel bars and the self weight of a structure when being applied to a prefabricated and assembled bridge structure, but also has high density (2600-2800 kg/m)3) Large shrinkage under non-steam curing condition (365d shrinkage reaches 800 multiplied by 10)-6) Long volume stabilization time, high energy consumption required by steam curing, complex construction process and the like.
aiming at the technical problems, a lightweight, low-shrinkage and steam-curing-free ultra-high performance concrete material needs to be developed, so that the ultra-high mechanical property and durability of UHPC are realized, the density of UHPC is reduced, the shrinkage is reduced, the self weight of a bridge structure is further reduced, the span of the bridge is increased, conventional transportation and hoisting construction equipment can be adopted for rapid construction of prefabricated assembled bridges, and the construction requirements of urban viaducts and overpasses are met.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide steam-curing-free lightweight and ultra-high-strength concrete and a preparation method thereof, the concrete has the characteristics of high strength, light weight, small shrinkage and the like, and the concrete member does not need to be autoclaved and cured by specific high-temperature and high-pressure steam, so that the energy consumption and the engineering construction time can be greatly saved.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
The steam curing-free light and ultra-high strength concrete comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 43-47% of cementing material, 33-37% of interface modified high-strength porous microspheres, 8-12% of natural sand, 0.2-0.4% of high-water-absorption slow-release type internal curing material, 0.8-2% of ultra-dispersion shrinkage-reducing type additive and 8-11% of water.
In the scheme, the interface modified high-strength porous microspheres are prepared by respectively modifying the high-strength porous microspheres by the interface improving emulsions A and B, and the preparation method specifically comprises the following steps:
1) Soaking the high-strength porous microspheres in the interface improving emulsion A, and drying after soaking;
2) Placing the high-strength porous microspheres dried in the step 1) into a ball forming mill for rolling, spraying an interface improving emulsion B agent to fully wet the surfaces of the porous microspheres, and then drying to obtain interface modified high-strength porous microspheres; wherein:
the interface improving emulsion A agent is prepared by the following method: sodium hydroxide and an emulsifier alkylphenol polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene ether are added to saponify palmitic acid, then ammonia water and natural zeolite powder of 200 meshes are respectively added until the zeolite powder is uniformly dispersed, and an interface improving emulsion A agent is obtained;
the interface improving emulsion B agent comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 20-23% of polyvinyl alcohol with alcoholysis degree of 80-88%, 75-78% of deionized water and 1-2% of xanthan gum;
The high-strength porous microspheres are continuous graded spherical particles with the particle size of 4.75-9.5 mm and the bulk density of 750-800 kg/m3the apparent density is 1280 to 1390kg/m3the barrel pressure strength is 12.6-14.3 MPa.
In the scheme, the preparation of the interface modified high-strength porous microspheres specifically comprises the following steps:
1) Placing the high-strength porous microspheres into the interface improvement emulsion A to be completely immersed and exceed the surfaces of the high-strength porous microspheres by 2-5 cm, soaking for 20-24h at the temperature of 25-30 ℃, and drying the high-strength porous microspheres for 2-3 h at the temperature of 40-50 ℃ after soaking;
2) Placing the high-strength porous microspheres dried in the step 1) into a ball forming mill to roll at the rotating speed of 35-40 r/min, spraying an interface improving emulsion B agent to fully wet the surfaces of the porous microspheres, and drying at the temperature of 60-70 ℃ for 2-3 h to obtain the interface modified high-strength porous microspheres.
In the scheme, the high-strength porous microspheres are prepared by the following method, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
1) Coal gangue powder, soft kaolin powder, dolomite powder and limestone powder are mixed according to the mass ratio of 75-80: 8-10: 10-14: 2-4, uniformly mixing in a mixer, wherein the specific surface area of the coal gangue powder is 600-800 m2per Kg, sieving soft kaolin powder with a 200-mesh sieve, sieving dolomite powder with a 400-mesh sieve, and sieving limestone powder with a 200-mesh sieve;
2) adding water accounting for 26-31% of the total mass of the powder in the step 1), stirring the water and the powder uniformly mixed in the step 1) for 180-200 s in a planetary stirrer, and standing for 2-2.5 h to obtain a mud blank for sintering the high-strength porous microspheres;
3) Putting the mud blank obtained in the step 2) into a ball forming mill to prepare a continuous graded spherical plastic mud cluster with the diameter of 4.75-9.5 mm, and standing for 6-8 h at room temperature;
4) calcining the plastic mud pie in the step 3), wherein the calcining conditions are as follows: heating to 110-115 ℃ at a heating rate of 3-5 ℃/min for pre-sintering, and keeping the temperature for 15-20 min; continuously heating to 900-920 ℃ at the heating rate of 5-7 ℃/min for roasting, and keeping the temperature for 10-15 min; heating to 1250-1280 ℃ at the heating rate of 5-7 ℃/min for roasting, and keeping the temperature for 30-45 min; and cooling the roasted spherical particles to room temperature along with the furnace, and taking out to obtain the high-strength porous microspheres.
In the above scheme, the preparation method of the interface improving emulsion A agent comprises the following steps:
1) dissolving sodium hydroxide in deionized water, heating to 60-65 ℃, adding an emulsifier alkylphenol polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene ether to uniformly dissolve the emulsifier, and obtaining a mixed solution I;
2) Heating and melting palmitic acid at 60-65 ℃ to obtain palmitic acid liquid;
3) Slowly adding the mixed solution I obtained in the step 1) into the palmitic acid liquid obtained in the step 2), and performing saponification reaction at 75-80 ℃ for 25-30 min;
4) cooling the soap liquid obtained in the step 3) to 25-30 ℃, and slowly adding ammonia water under a stirring state to obtain a uniform emulsion;
5) Slowly adding the natural zeolite powder of 200 meshes into the emulsion prepared in the step 4) under the stirring state until the zeolite powder is uniformly dispersed, and obtaining the interface improving emulsion A agent.
Wherein the mass ratio of the palmitic acid, the ammonia water, the sodium hydroxide, the deionized water, the 200-mesh natural zeolite powder and the emulsifier is as follows: 6-11: 2-5: 0.5-1: 80-85: 3-8: 0.6 to 1.
in the scheme, the preparation method of the interface improving emulsion B agent comprises the following steps:
1) Adding polyvinyl alcohol with alcoholysis degree of 80-88% into deionized water, and heating and dissolving at 70-80 ℃ to obtain a polyvinyl alcohol solution;
2) slowly pouring xanthan gum into the polyvinyl alcohol solution obtained in the step 1), adding deionized water and stirring to obtain an interface improving emulsion B agent;
wherein the mass ratio of the polyvinyl alcohol to the deionized water to the xanthan gum is as follows: 20-23: 75-78: 1 to 2.
In the scheme, the high-water-absorption slow-release type internal curing material takes corn starch as a skeleton main chain, utilizes the strong oxidizing property of an initiator ammonium ceric nitrate to break a starch glucose ring, and simultaneously grafts the starch glucose ring containing an amide group (-CONH)2) And sulfonic acid group (-SO)3H) The linear unsaturated hydrocarbon branched chain forms a continuous, porous three-dimensional strip-shaped network structure.
In the scheme, the preparation method of the high water absorption slow release type internal curing material specifically comprises the following steps:
1) uniformly mixing corn starch and deionized water, heating at 60-70 ℃, stirring and gelatinizing for 60-90 min;
2) dissolving initiator ammonium ceric nitrate in deionized water, stirring uniformly, adding the mixture into the gelatinized corn starch solution obtained in the step 1), and stirring to react for 15-20 min at the reaction temperature of 60-70 ℃;
3) dissolving N, N-dimethylformamide, 2-acrylamide-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid and a cross-linking agent methacrylic acid in deionized water, uniformly stirring, standing for 10-15 min, slowly dripping into the gelatinized corn starch liquid in the step 2), controlling the dripping time to be more than 150min at the reaction temperature of 60-70 ℃, and continuously stirring for 10-20min after the dripping is finished to obtain a crude product of the internal curing material;
4) Removing impurities from the crude product obtained in the step 3) in an ethanol solvent, mixing the crude product with sepiolite fibers, and performing strong mechanical stirring, wherein the stirring speed is 800-1000 r/min, and the stirring time is 15-20 min;
5) Drying the mixture obtained in the step 4) in vacuum to constant weight, grinding and sieving with a 200-mesh sieve to obtain the high-water-absorption slow-release type internal curing material;
Wherein the sepiolite fiber, the corn starch, the ammonium ceric nitrate, the methacrylic acid, the N, N-dimethylformamide, the 2-acrylamide-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid and the deionized water are in mass ratio as follows: 60-65: 10-15: 0.2-0.3: 0.03-0.06: 12-15: 4-6: 5 to 8.
in the above scheme, the cementing material comprises the following components by mass percent: 48-52% of cement, 25-28% of fly ash microbeads, 13-16% of silica fume and 6-8% of superfine limestone powder.
In the scheme, the cement is ordinary portland cement, and the strength grade is not lower than 42.5 MPa; the fly ash micro-beads are selected to have an average particle size of less than 1.2 mu m and a specific surface area of more than or equal to 1300m2Kg, activity coefficient > 100%; the content of active silicon dioxide in the silica fume is more than 95 percent, and the activity index is more than or equal to 110 percent; the superfine limestone powder is 1200 meshes.
in the scheme, the ultra-dispersion and reduction type additive is mainly compounded by a reduction type polycarboxylate superplasticizer, a slump-retaining polycarboxylate superplasticizer and sodium gluconate, and the solid content is 35-40%.
in the scheme, the natural sand is natural clean river sand with the fineness modulus of 2.4-2.8, and the mud content is less than or equal to 1%.
a preparation method of the steam-curing-free light and ultra-high-strength concrete comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 43-47% of cementing material, 33-37% of interface modified high-strength porous microspheres, 8-12% of natural sand, 0.2-0.4% of high-water-absorption slow-release type internal curing material, 0.8-2% of ultra-dispersion shrinkage-reducing type additive and 8-11% of water; the method comprises the following steps:
1) dry-mixing and stirring the interface-modified high-strength porous microspheres, the natural sand and the cementing material for not less than 2min, adding part of water and the ultra-dispersed shrinkage-reducing admixture, and wet-mixing for not less than 3min to form a mixed slurry body with a certain fluidity;
2) after uniformly mixing the residual water and the ultra-dispersed shrinkage-reducing admixture, slowly adding a high-water-absorption slow-release type internal curing material, and uniformly stirring to obtain a mixed solution;
3) adding the mixed solution obtained in the step 2) into the mixed slurry obtained in the step 1), and continuously stirring for not less than 5 min;
4) pouring the prepared concrete mixture into a test mould, removing the mould after 1d, and performing standard curing for 28-56 d to obtain the non-steam-curing light-weight and ultra-high-strength concrete member without specific high-temperature and high-pressure steam curing. Wherein the standard curing conditions are as follows: the temperature is 20 +/-2 ℃, and the relative humidity is more than or equal to 95 percent.
the principle of the invention is as follows:
(1) cementitious compositionThe design mechanism is as follows: the cementitious material of the steam-curing-free light-weight and ultra-high-strength concrete consists of cement, fly ash microbeads, silica fume and ultrafine limestone powder, and based on the theory of particle close packing, the cementitious material system is gradually densely filled with the silica fume, the fly ash microbeads and the ultrafine limestone powder, so that high mechanical property, excellent working performance and durability of cementitious slurry can be realized. The fly ash micro-beads have excellent ball effect and activity effect, and can obviously improve the flowing property of gelled slurry. High activity SiO in silica fume2Can react with cement hydration products to generate C-S-H gel with lower Ca/Si ratio, and can obviously improve the durability of concrete. The superfine limestone powder has lower surface energy and good dispersibility, and has 'microcrystalline core effect' and 'dispersing effect' which are not possessed by other mineral admixtures, and under the condition of ultralow water-to-gel ratio (0.18-0.20), the viscosity of the gelled slurry can be obviously reduced, so that the gelled slurry meets the requirements of engineering application.
(2) The firing mechanism of the high-strength porous microspheres is as follows: SiO 22and Al2O3Is the main chemical component of high-strength porous microsphere formed by sintering, and kaolin and industrial waste coal gangue contain rich SiO2And Al2O3High-strength mullite and quartz can be generated under the condition of high-temperature sintering, and the soft kaolin powder has better plasticity, thereby not only providing SiO2、Al2O3The source can also play a role in plasticization, which is beneficial to mud ball forming, and the proper mixing proportion of the coal gangue powder and the soft kaolin powder is the key point for realizing the high strength performance of the porous microspheres, otherwise, the porous microspheres cannot be sintered into balls and collapse or have extremely low strength. Dolomite powder and limestone powder as main gas generating component and fluxing component, and limestone is decomposed at 500-850 deg.c to produce CaO and CO2The dolomite powder is decomposed at 750-800 ℃ to generate CaO, MgO and CO2Fluxing components CaO and SiO under high temperature condition2、Al2O3The reaction forms anorthite, so that the liquid phase quantity is increased, the viscosity is reduced, and CO generated by decomposition is generated2Released in the molten liquid phase and wrapped by the liquid phase to form a pore structure.
The dolomite powder and the limestone powder can be decomposed at different temperature stages (500-900 ℃) to provide a stable gas generating source, and under the combined action of the dolomite powder and the limestone powder, the pore structure can be uniformly distributed, and the quality of the porous microspheres can be fully reduced. A small amount of limestone powder can reduce the viscosity of a molten liquid phase, fill pores in a hole wall, promote the reaction of MgO generated by the decomposition of dolomite powder and mullite in the liquid phase to generate high-strength cordierite, strengthen a hole wall supporting structure and obviously improve the strength of the porous microsphere.
(3) the action mechanism of the interface improvement emulsion is as follows: under the combined action of the agent A and the agent B, the interface improving emulsion can slowly and continuously release substances with hydration activity, so that the interface area between the high-strength porous microspheres and the cement gelled slurry is improved, the hydration of the interface area is promoted, an arch shell-like structure is formed, the compressive stress is dispersed, and the compressive strength of concrete is improved.
The reaction of palmitic acid and ammonia water in the interface improving emulsion A can form a substance with long carbon chain and alcohol amine group, which is attached to the surface of the high-strength porous microsphere through infiltration to consume Ca (OH) enriched in the interface region2with Ca in the pore solution of the gelled slurry2+Complexing to form a water-insoluble complex which is precipitated in concrete capillary pores, and simultaneously, growing a carbon chain to induce C-S-H gel to grow to an interface transition region, thereby effectively improving the structure of the interface transition region. The porous zeolite powder is attached to the surface of the high-strength porous microsphere, on one hand, the interface-improving emulsion A absorbed in the porous zeolite powder is released along with the prolonging of the hydration age, has a certain internal maintenance function and is Ca (OH)2the secondary reaction is carried out to generate C-S-H gel, so that the interface transition area is more compact. On the other hand, the porous zeolite powder has hydration activity, and can be hydrated in an alkali environment to fill pores on the surface of the porous microspheres and form an arch-like shell structure, so that the compressive stress transferred to the high-strength porous microspheres is dispersed, and the compressive strength of concrete is improved.
The interface improving emulsion B agent is mainly used as a surface film forming material, and the material can form a layer of compact and smooth film on the surface of the high-strength porous microsphere attached with the interface improving emulsion A agent and can be dissolved at a certain speed in an alkaline environment. On one hand, the film achieves different dissolution rates by adjusting the mixing proportion of the polyvinyl alcohol and the xanthan gum, so as to adjust the release rate of the coated hydration active substances and ensure that the active substances participate in the reaction in the middle and later stages of concrete hydration. On the other hand, the dissolved film material can be well combined with the gelled material hydration product to form a three-dimensional network structure, and the structure not only can be filled with the surfaces of the porous microspheres and the gelled slurry matrix, but also can play a role in bridging, absorb part of load energy, and delay or inhibit the growth of damage cracks, thereby enhancing the physical and mechanical properties of concrete.
(4) the action mechanism of the high water absorption slow release type internal curing material is as follows: the corn starch is used as a skeleton main chain, the strong oxidizing property of an initiator ammonium ceric nitrate is utilized to break starch glucose rings, and an amide group (-CONH) is grafted at the same time2) And sulfonic acid group (-SO)3H) The linear unsaturated hydrocarbon branched chain forms a continuous and porous three-dimensional strip-shaped network structure, and the structural polymer has excellent hydrophilicity, good stretching capacity and elasticity and is absorbed and swelled in water without dissolving. A quantity of hydrophilic-SO3H group and-CONH2The group provides liquid absorption power for the polymer, can stably absorb water and slowly release water in an alkaline solution, plays a role in internal curing, and obviously reduces the early self-shrinkage of concrete.
(5) Compared with the common UHPC, the steam curing-free, light and ultra-high-strength concrete has the characteristics of no steam curing, light weight and the like, the high-strength porous microspheres and the high-water-absorption slow-release type internal curing material can sustainably and slowly release water and active substances, and promote the hydration process of gelled slurry, so that specific high-temperature and high-pressure steam curing is not needed, the standard curing 28d compressive strength can be more than or equal to 110MPa, and the apparent density is less than or equal to 2000Kg/m3。
compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) According to the invention, the non-steam-curing lightweight ultra-high-strength concrete cementing material is prepared by gradually densely filling the cementing material system with silica fume, fly ash microbeads and ultrafine limestone powder, and compared with common ultra-high-strength concrete, the cementing material has the advantages of less dosage (less than 50%) and better economical efficiency and environmental protection under the condition of achieving the same mechanical properties.
(2) The invention adopts industrial waste coal gangue powder, soft kaolin powder, dolomite powder and limestone powder to burn the high-strength porous microspheres, and utilizes the interaction of the dolomite powder and the limestone powder to form a high-strength cordierite phase and a mullite phase at the hole walls. Compared with the common commercial light aggregate, the particle sphericity is high, the mechanical property is high (the cylinder pressure strength is 12.6-14.3 MPa), and the apparent density is low (1280-1390 kg/m)3) Can meet the preparation of light and ultra-high strength concrete.
(3) the invention adopts the combined action of the agent A and the agent B of the interface improving emulsion to carry out surface treatment on the high-strength porous microspheres, and can slowly and continuously release substances with hydration activity, thereby improving the interface area between the high-strength porous microspheres and cement gelled slurry, promoting the hydration of the interface area, forming an arch-like shell structure, dispersing compressive stress and improving the compressive strength of concrete.
(4) Compared with the common internal curing material, the high water absorption slow release type internal curing material adopted by the invention has good stretching capacity and elasticity, is absorbed and swelled in water without dissolving, can stably absorb and slowly release water in an alkaline solution, plays a role in internal curing, and can obviously reduce the early self-shrinkage of low water-gel ratio gelled slurry.
(5) the invention does not need to adopt specific high-temperature high-pressure steam to carry out autoclaved curing on the concrete member, and can greatly save energy consumption and engineering construction time.
Detailed Description
in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
In the following examples, the raw material indices are:
the cementing material consists of cement, fly ash microbeads, silica fume and superfine limestone powder, and the components are as follows by mass percent: 50% of cement, 27% of fly ash micro-beads, 15% of silica fume and 8% of superfine limestone powder. Wherein the cement is P.O42.5 ordinary portland cement; the average grain diameter of the sorted fly ash micro-beads is 1.0 mum, specific surface area 1430m2Kg, activity coefficient 101%; the content of active silicon dioxide in the silica fume is 97%, and the activity index is 112%; the superfine limestone powder is 1200 meshes.
The natural sand is natural clean river sand with fineness modulus of 2.6, and the mud content is 0.2%.
The super-dispersion shrinkage-reducing admixture is prepared by compounding a shrinkage-reducing polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent, a slump-retaining polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent and sodium gluconate, and the solid content is 35%.
Example 1
A preparation method of high-strength porous microspheres comprises the following specific steps:
1) Uniformly mixing coal gangue powder, soft kaolin powder, dolomite powder and limestone powder in a mixer according to the mass ratio of 75:10:12: 3;
2) Adding water accounting for 30 percent of the total mass of the powder, stirring the mixture and the uniformly mixed powder in a planetary stirrer for 200 seconds, and standing for 2 hours to obtain a mud blank for firing the high-strength porous microspheres;
3) putting the obtained mud blank into a ball forming mill to prepare a continuous gradation spherical plastic mud cluster with the diameter of 4.75-9.5 mm, and standing for 8 hours at room temperature;
4) Calcining the plastic mud pie in the step 3), wherein the calcining system is as follows: heating to 110 ℃ at the heating rate of 5 ℃/min for presintering, and keeping the temperature for 20 min; continuing heating to 900 ℃ at the heating rate of 5 ℃/min for roasting, and keeping the temperature for 15 min; heating to 1250 ℃ at the heating rate of 5 ℃/min for roasting, and keeping the temperature for 45 min; and cooling the roasted spherical particles to room temperature along with the furnace, and taking out to obtain the high-strength porous microspheres.
example 2
A preparation method of an interface modified emulsion A comprises the following specific steps:
1) dissolving sodium hydroxide in deionized water, heating to 60 ℃, adding an emulsifier alkylphenol polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene ether, and uniformly dissolving to obtain a mixed solution I;
2) heating and melting palmitic acid at 60 deg.C to obtain palmitic acid liquid;
3) Slowly adding the mixed solution I into palmitic acid liquid, performing saponification reaction at 80 ℃, and stirring for reaction for 30 min;
4) cooling the soap solution obtained in the step 3) to 25 ℃, and slowly adding ammonia water while stirring until the ammonia water is added completely to obtain a uniform emulsion;
5) slowly adding 200-mesh natural zeolite powder into the emulsion prepared in the step 4), and stirring until the zeolite powder is uniformly dispersed to obtain an interface improving emulsion A agent.
wherein, the mass ratio of the palmitic acid, the ammonia water, the sodium hydroxide, the deionized water, the 200-mesh natural zeolite powder and the emulsifier is as follows: 8: 3: 0.5: 81.5: 6: 1.
example 3
A preparation method of an interface modified emulsion B comprises the following specific steps:
1) Adding polyvinyl alcohol with alcoholysis degree of 80% into deionized water with the mass of 1/2, heating in water bath at 80 ℃ and dissolving completely to obtain polyvinyl alcohol solution;
2) Slowly pouring xanthan gum into the polyvinyl alcohol solution obtained in the step 1), adding the rest deionized water, and stirring to obtain the interface improving emulsion B.
Wherein the mass ratio of polyvinyl alcohol with alcoholysis degree of 80%, deionized water and xanthan gum is as follows: 22:75:1.
example 4
A preparation method of an interface modified high-strength porous microsphere comprises the following specific steps:
1) placing the high-strength porous microspheres of the embodiment 1 into the interface improvement emulsion A of the embodiment 2, completely immersing the high-strength porous microspheres in the interface improvement emulsion A for 24 hours at a temperature of 25 ℃, wherein the depth of the high-strength porous microspheres exceeds the surface of the high-strength porous microspheres by 5 cm; drying for 2h at the temperature of 50 ℃;
2) placing the high-strength porous microspheres dried in the step 1) into a ball forming mill for rolling, controlling the rotating speed of the ball forming mill to be 35r/min, spraying the interface improving emulsion B agent in the embodiment 3 to fully wet the surfaces of the porous microspheres, and then drying for 3h at the temperature of 60 ℃ to obtain the interface modified high-strength porous microspheres.
Example 5
a preparation method of a high water absorption slow release type internal curing material comprises the following specific steps:
1) Uniformly mixing corn starch with deionized water with the total mass of 1/3, heating, stirring and gelatinizing, wherein the heating temperature is 60 ℃, and the gelatinizing time is 80 min;
2) Dissolving initiator ammonium ceric nitrate in deionized water with the total mass of 1/3, uniformly stirring, adding into the gelatinized corn starch solution obtained in the step 1), keeping the temperature of water bath at 60 ℃, and stirring for 20 min;
3) Dissolving N, N-dimethylformamide, 2-acrylamide-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid and a cross-linking agent methacrylic acid in deionized water with the total mass of 1/3, uniformly stirring, standing for 15min, slowly dropping into the gelatinized corn starch liquid in the step 2), controlling the dropping time to be more than 150min, keeping the water bath temperature and the stirring speed the same as those in the step 2), and continuing stirring for 15min after the dropping is finished to obtain a crude product of the internal curing material;
4) removing impurities from the crude product in the step 3) in an ethanol solvent; mixing with sepiolite fibers, and performing strong mechanical stirring at the stirring speed of 1000r/min for 18 min;
5) and (3) drying the mixture obtained in the step 4) in vacuum to constant weight, grinding, and sieving with a 200-mesh sieve to obtain the high-water-absorption slow-release type internal curing material.
Wherein the sepiolite fiber, the corn starch, the initiator ammonium ceric nitrate, the cross-linking agent methacrylic acid, the N, N-dimethylformamide, the 2-acrylamide-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid and the deionized water are in the mass ratio: 65: 10: 0.2: 0.03: 12: 6: 6.5
Comparative example
The concrete prepared by the comparative example comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 45% of a cementing material, 35% of the high-strength porous microspheres in the embodiment 1, 10% of natural sand, 0.2% of the high-water-absorption slow-release type internal curing material in the embodiment 5, 0.8% of an ultra-dispersion shrinkage-reducing type additive and 9.18% of water.
The preparation method of the concrete of the comparative example comprises the following steps: dry-mixing high-strength porous microspheres, natural sand and a cementing material for 2min by using a common forced mixer in a laboratory, adding 3/5 of water and 2/3 of ultra-dispersed shrinkage-reducing additive in total, and wet-mixing for 3min to form a mixed slurry body with certain fluidity; uniformly mixing the rest 2/5 of water and 1/3 of ultra-dispersed shrinkage-reducing additive, and slowly adding a high-water-absorption slow-release internal curing material to form a mixed solution; adding the mixed solution into the mixed slurry, and continuously stirring for 5 min; and pouring the prepared concrete mixture into a test mould, removing the mould after 1d, and performing standard curing to obtain a concrete test piece.
example 6
The steam curing-free light and ultra-high strength concrete comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 45% of a cementing material, 35% of the interface modified high-strength porous microspheres in the embodiment 4, 10% of natural sand, 0.2% of the high-water-absorption slow-release type internal curing material in the embodiment 5, 0.8% of an ultra-dispersion shrinkage-reducing type additive and 9.18% of water.
The preparation method of the steam-curing-free, light and ultra-high-strength concrete comprises the following steps: dry-mixing and stirring the high-strength porous microspheres, the natural sand and the cementing material after surface treatment for 2min by using a common forced mixer in a laboratory, adding 3/5 of water and 2/3 of ultra-dispersion shrinkage-reduction type admixture in total mass, and wet-mixing for 3min to form mixed slurry with certain fluidity; uniformly mixing the rest 2/5 of water and 1/3 of ultra-dispersed shrinkage-reducing additive, and slowly adding a high-water-absorption slow-release internal curing material to form a mixed solution; adding the mixed solution into the mixed slurry, and continuously stirring for 5 min; and pouring the prepared concrete mixture into a test mould, removing the mould after 1d, and performing standard curing to obtain a light and ultrahigh-strength concrete test piece.
the difference between this example and the comparative example is that the interface improving emulsion is used to treat the surface of the high-strength porous microspheres.
Example 7
The steam curing-free light and ultra-high strength concrete comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 45% of a cementing material, 35% of the interface modified high-strength porous microspheres in the embodiment 4, 10% of natural sand, 0.4% of the high-water-absorption slow-release type internal curing material in the embodiment 5, 0.8% of an ultra-dispersion shrinkage-reducing type additive and 9.16% of water.
This example is different from example 6 in that the amount of the super absorbent sustained release type internal curing material was increased, and the preparation method thereof was the same as example 6.
Example 8
The steam curing-free light and ultra-high strength concrete comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 45% of a cementing material, 37% of the interface modified high-strength porous microspheres in example 4, 8% of natural sand, 0.4% of the high-water-absorption slow-release type internal curing material in example 5, 0.8% of an ultra-dispersion shrinkage-reducing type additive and 9.16% of water.
The difference between this example and example 7 is that the amount of natural sand is reduced and the amount of interface-modified high-strength porous microspheres is increased, and the preparation method is the same as that of example 6.
example 9
the steam curing-free light and ultra-high strength concrete comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 45% of a cementing material, 36% of the interface modified high-strength porous microspheres in example 4, 9% of natural sand, 0.4% of a high-water-absorption slow-release type internal curing material, 0.8% of an ultra-dispersion shrinkage-reducing type additive and 9.16% of water.
the difference between this example and example 8 is that the amount of natural sand is increased, the amount of interface-modified high-strength porous microspheres is decreased, and the preparation method is the same as that of example 6.
the blending ratio and the test results of the steam curing-free, light and ultra-high strength concrete prepared in the comparative example and the examples 6 to 9 are shown in the tables 1, 2 and 3 respectively.
TABLE 1 concrete mix ratio (Kg/m) of comparative example preparation3)
TABLE 2 concrete mix ratios (Kg/m) prepared in examples 6 to 93)
Table 3 test results of concrete properties of comparative examples and examples 6 to 9
as can be seen from tables 1, 2 and 3, in examples 6-9, compared with the comparative examples, the compressive strength is improved in both 7d and 28d, which indicates that the interface improving emulsion can obviously improve the interface transition region between the high-strength porous microspheres and the gelled slurry and improve the mechanical property of the concrete. As can be seen from examples 6 and 7, the shrinkage of the concrete of different ages can be reduced by increasing the amount of the high water absorption slow-release type internal curing material within a certain range, which indicates that the high water absorption slow-release type internal curing material has long time for internal curing, and is beneficial to reducing the self-shrinkage of the concrete under the condition of low water-cement ratio. It can be seen from examples 7, 8 and 9 that, under the same water consumption, the amount of the porous microspheres is reduced, the amount of the natural sand is increased, and the compressive strength and the apparent density of the concrete are increased, which indicates that the mechanical properties of the concrete are weakened by excessive amount of the high-strength porous microspheres.
the above embodiments are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention and do not limit the present invention. Other variants and modifications of the invention, which are obvious to those skilled in the art and can be made on the basis of the above description, are not necessary or exhaustive for all embodiments, and are therefore within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The steam curing-free light and ultrahigh-strength concrete is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by mass: 43-47% of cementing material, 33-37% of interface modified high-strength porous microspheres, 8-12% of natural sand, 0.2-0.4% of high-water-absorption slow-release type internal curing material, 0.8-2% of ultra-dispersion shrinkage-reducing type additive and 8-11% of water.
2. The steam-curing-free, light and ultrahigh-strength concrete according to claim 1, wherein the interface-modified high-strength porous microspheres are prepared by respectively modifying high-strength porous microspheres with interface-improving emulsions A and B, and the preparation specifically comprises the following steps:
1) soaking the high-strength porous microspheres in the interface improving emulsion A, and drying after soaking;
2) Placing the high-strength porous microspheres dried in the step 1) into a ball forming mill for rolling, spraying an interface improving emulsion B agent to fully wet the surfaces of the porous microspheres, and then drying to obtain interface modified high-strength porous microspheres; wherein,
the interface improving emulsion A agent is prepared by the following method: sodium hydroxide and an emulsifier alkylphenol polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene ether are added to saponify palmitic acid, then ammonia water and natural zeolite powder of 200 meshes are respectively added until the zeolite powder is uniformly dispersed, and an interface improving emulsion A agent is obtained;
the interface improving emulsion B agent comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 20-23% of polyvinyl alcohol with alcoholysis degree of 80-88%, 75-78% of deionized water and 1-2% of xanthan gum;
The high-strength porous microspheres are continuous graded spherical particles with the particle size of 4.75-9.5 mm and the bulk density of 750-800 kg/m3The apparent density is 1280 to 1390kg/m3The barrel pressure strength is 12.6-14.3 MPa.
3. The steam-curing-free, light-weight and ultrahigh-strength concrete according to claim 2, wherein the interface-modified high-strength porous microspheres can be prepared by a method comprising the following steps:
1) Placing the high-strength porous microspheres into the interface improvement emulsion A to be completely immersed and exceed the surfaces of the high-strength porous microspheres by 2-5 cm, soaking for 20-24h at the temperature of 25-30 ℃, and drying the high-strength porous microspheres for 2-3 h at the temperature of 40-50 ℃ after soaking;
2) Placing the high-strength porous microspheres dried in the step 1) into a ball forming mill to roll at the rotating speed of 35-40 r/min, spraying an interface improving emulsion B agent to fully wet the surfaces of the porous microspheres, and drying at the temperature of 60-70 ℃ for 2-3 h to obtain the interface modified high-strength porous microspheres.
4. the non-autoclaved, light-weight, ultra-high strength concrete according to claim 2, wherein said high-strength porous microspheres are prepared by a method comprising the steps of:
1) mixing coal gangue powder and soft kaolinThe soil powder, dolomite powder and limestone powder are mixed according to the mass ratio of 75-80: 8-10: 10-14: 2-4, uniformly mixing in a mixer, wherein the specific surface area of the coal gangue powder is 600-800 m2per Kg, sieving soft kaolin powder with a 200-mesh sieve, sieving dolomite powder with a 400-mesh sieve, and sieving limestone powder with a 200-mesh sieve;
2) adding water accounting for 26-31% of the total mass of the powder in the step 1), stirring the water and the powder uniformly mixed in the step 1) for 180-200 s in a planetary stirrer, and standing for 2-2.5 h to obtain a mud blank for sintering the high-strength porous microspheres;
3) Putting the mud blank obtained in the step 2) into a ball forming mill to prepare a continuous graded spherical plastic mud cluster with the diameter of 4.75-9.5 mm, and standing for 6-8 h at room temperature;
4) Calcining the plastic mud pie in the step 3), wherein the calcining conditions are as follows: heating to 110-115 ℃ at a heating rate of 3-5 ℃/min for pre-sintering, and keeping the temperature for 15-20 min; continuously heating to 900-920 ℃ at the heating rate of 5-7 ℃/min for roasting, and keeping the temperature for 10-15 min; heating to 1250-1280 ℃ at the heating rate of 5-7 ℃/min for roasting, and keeping the temperature for 30-45 min; and cooling the roasted spherical particles to room temperature along with the furnace, and taking out to obtain the high-strength porous microspheres.
5. The non-autoclaved, light-weight, ultra-high strength concrete according to claim 2, wherein the preparation method of the interface improving emulsion a agent comprises the steps of:
1) Dissolving sodium hydroxide in deionized water, heating to 60-65 ℃, adding an emulsifier alkylphenol polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene ether to uniformly dissolve the emulsifier, and obtaining a mixed solution I;
2) heating and melting palmitic acid at 60-65 ℃ to obtain palmitic acid liquid;
3) Slowly adding the mixed solution I obtained in the step 1) into the palmitic acid liquid obtained in the step 2), and performing saponification reaction at 75-80 ℃ for 25-30 min;
4) Cooling the soap liquid obtained in the step 3) to 25-30 ℃, and slowly adding ammonia water under a stirring state to obtain a uniform emulsion;
5) Slowly adding 200-mesh natural zeolite powder into the emulsion prepared in the step 4) under the stirring state until the zeolite powder is uniformly dispersed to obtain an interface improving emulsion A agent;
wherein the mass ratio of the palmitic acid, the ammonia water, the sodium hydroxide, the deionized water, the 200-mesh natural zeolite powder and the emulsifier is as follows: 6-11: 2-5: 0.5-1: 80-85: 3-8: 0.6 to 1.
6. The non-autoclaved, light-weight, ultra-high strength concrete according to claim 2, wherein the preparation method of the interface improving emulsion B agent comprises the steps of:
1) Adding polyvinyl alcohol with alcoholysis degree of 80-88% into deionized water, and heating and dissolving at 70-80 ℃ to obtain a polyvinyl alcohol solution;
2) Slowly pouring xanthan gum into the polyvinyl alcohol solution obtained in the step 1), adding deionized water and stirring to obtain an interface improving emulsion B agent;
Wherein the mass ratio of the polyvinyl alcohol to the deionized water to the xanthan gum is as follows: 20-23: 75-78: 1 to 2.
7. The non-autoclaved, light-weight and ultra-high-strength concrete according to claim 1, wherein the high water absorption slow-release type internal curing material is a continuous and porous three-dimensional strip network structure formed by using corn starch as a skeleton main chain, and utilizing the strong oxidizing property of an initiator ammonium ceric nitrate to break starch glucose rings and graft linear unsaturated hydrocarbon branched chains containing amide groups and sulfonic acid groups.
8. The steam-curing-free, light and ultrahigh-strength concrete according to claim 7, wherein the preparation method of the high-water-absorption slow-release type internal curing material specifically comprises the following steps:
1) Uniformly mixing corn starch and deionized water, heating at 60-70 ℃, stirring and gelatinizing for 60-90 min;
2) Dissolving initiator ammonium ceric nitrate in deionized water, stirring uniformly, adding the mixture into the gelatinized corn starch solution obtained in the step 1), and stirring to react for 15-20 min at the reaction temperature of 60-70 ℃;
3) dissolving N, N-dimethylformamide, 2-acrylamide-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid and a cross-linking agent methacrylic acid in deionized water, uniformly stirring, standing for 10-15 min, slowly dripping into the gelatinized corn starch liquid in the step 2), controlling the dripping time to be more than 150min at the reaction temperature of 60-70 ℃, and continuously stirring for 10-20min after the dripping is finished to obtain a crude product of the internal curing material;
4) Removing impurities from the crude product obtained in the step 3) in an ethanol solvent, mixing the crude product with sepiolite fibers, and performing strong mechanical stirring, wherein the stirring speed is 800-1000 r/min, and the stirring time is 15-20 min;
5) drying the mixture obtained in the step 4) in vacuum to constant weight, grinding and sieving with a 200-mesh sieve to obtain the high-water-absorption slow-release type internal curing material;
Wherein the sepiolite fiber, the corn starch, the ammonium ceric nitrate, the methacrylic acid, the N, N-dimethylformamide, the 2-acrylamide-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid and the deionized water are in mass ratio as follows: 60-65: 10-15: 0.2-0.3: 0.03-0.06: 12-15: 4-6: 5 to 8.
9. the steam-curing-free, light-weight, ultra-high-strength concrete according to claim 1,
The cementing material comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 48-52% of cement, 25-28% of fly ash microbeads, 13-16% of silica fume and 6-8% of superfine limestone powder; wherein the cement is ordinary portland cement, and the strength grade is not lower than 42.5 MPa; the fly ash micro-beads are selected to have an average particle size of less than 1.2 mu m and a specific surface area of more than or equal to 1300m2Kg, activity coefficient > 100%; the content of active silicon dioxide in the silica fume is more than 95 percent, and the activity index is more than or equal to 110 percent; the superfine limestone powder is 1200 meshes;
the super-dispersion shrinkage-reducing admixture is mainly compounded by a shrinkage-reducing polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent, a slump-retaining polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent and sodium gluconate, and the solid content is 35-40%;
The natural sand is natural clean river sand with fineness modulus of 2.4-2.8, and the mud content is less than or equal to 1%.
10. The preparation method of the steam-curing-free, light and ultra-high-strength concrete as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the raw material mixture ratio is as follows by mass percent: 43-47% of cementing material, 33-37% of interface modified high-strength porous microspheres, 8-12% of natural sand, 0.2-0.4% of high-water-absorption slow-release type internal curing material, 0.8-2% of ultra-dispersion shrinkage-reducing type additive and 8-11% of water; the method comprises the following steps:
1) dry-mixing and stirring the interface-modified high-strength porous microspheres, the natural sand and the cementing material for not less than 2min, adding part of water and the ultra-dispersed shrinkage-reducing admixture, and wet-mixing for not less than 3min to form a mixed slurry body with a certain fluidity;
2) After uniformly mixing the residual water and the ultra-dispersed shrinkage-reducing admixture, slowly adding a high-water-absorption slow-release type internal curing material, and uniformly stirring to obtain a mixed solution;
3) adding the mixed solution obtained in the step 2) into the mixed slurry obtained in the step 1), and continuously stirring for not less than 5 min;
4) and pouring the prepared concrete mixture into a test mould, removing the mould after 1d, and performing standard curing for 28-56 d to obtain the steam-curing-free light and ultrahigh-strength concrete member.
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