CN110561791A - Injection molding process method for fiber reinforced plastic - Google Patents
Injection molding process method for fiber reinforced plastic Download PDFInfo
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- CN110561791A CN110561791A CN201910820283.7A CN201910820283A CN110561791A CN 110561791 A CN110561791 A CN 110561791A CN 201910820283 A CN201910820283 A CN 201910820283A CN 110561791 A CN110561791 A CN 110561791A
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- injection molding
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C33/00—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor
- B29C33/42—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor characterised by the shape of the moulding surface, e.g. ribs or grooves
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
- B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
- B29C70/40—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied
- B29C70/42—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
- B29C70/46—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles using matched moulds, e.g. for deforming sheet moulding compounds [SMC] or prepregs
- B29C70/48—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles using matched moulds, e.g. for deforming sheet moulding compounds [SMC] or prepregs and impregnating the reinforcements in the closed mould, e.g. resin transfer moulding [RTM], e.g. by vacuum
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
- B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
- B29C70/54—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations, e.g. feeding or storage of prepregs or SMC after impregnation or during ageing
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Casting Or Compression Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a process method for injection molding of fiber reinforced plastics, which comprises the steps of uniformly mixing reinforced fibers and resin, drying and pre-curing to obtain an injection molding material; when in use, the injection molding material and the forming mold are preheated, and the injection molding material is loaded into the forming mold for pressurization and solidification. The invention has simple and convenient process, and can form the thin-wall heat-proof member with the thickness of 1.5-5 mm and the product length of not more than 100 mm. The basic deviation of the axial and radial structural dimensions of the component can reach IT 8-IT 9, and the surface finish is not lower than Ra 0.8. The injection-molded article can be used directly for bonding without further machining.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a forming method, which is used for manufacturing thin-wall secondary load-bearing heat-proof structural members such as thin-wall heat-proof linings of solid rocket engines and rocket projectiles, nozzle blanking caps, igniter shells and the like, and thin-wall fiber-reinforced insulating members of electric appliances.
background
The forming method of the fiber reinforced resin matrix composite material mainly comprises compression molding, fiber winding forming, Resin Transfer Molding (RTM), pressure injection molding, injection molding and the like.
in the resin-based composite material molding technology, the history of compression molding is the longest, and the method is the main molding processing method of thermosetting resin-based composite materials and some thermoplastic resin-based composite materials. Compared with other forming processes, the die forming equipment and the die are simpler, the process technology is mature, abundant practical experience is accumulated, and the product is compact, high in precision and good in dimensional stability. However, the molding process has a long production cycle and low efficiency, and it is difficult to mold products having complicated structures and shapes. Generally, in order to ensure the density of products, a non-flash type mould is adopted in the compression molding process, the structure is shown in figure 1, the design concept is that materials do not overflow from a cavity, and all pressure applied by a press is applied to the materials.
Filament winding is generally useful for making cylinders, spheres, and certain positive curvature solid of revolution articles. In the national defense industry, the method is mainly used for manufacturing missile casings, rocket engine casings, gun barrels and the like. The fiber volume content of the fiber winding forming product is high and can reach 80 percent at most, the product has high strength, high quality stability and high production efficiency, and is suitable for mass production. However, the fiber winding product is generally used for manufacturing a main bearing component and is not the preferred method for a heat-proof functional component.
resin Transfer Molding (RTM) is a process for impregnating reinforcing material into a closed mold and curing, and is a molding process that has been developed rapidly in recent years and is suitable for the production of advanced composite products of various types, medium-volume, and high quality. The RTM process, although relatively low in cost, has high technical requirements, particularly high requirements for raw materials and molds, and high manufacturing costs for heat-proof members used in solid rocket engines and rocket projectiles.
injection molding, also known as transfer molding, is a molding method of thermosetting plastics developed on the basis of compression molding, and can mold plastic parts with complicated shapes, large variation of thin walls or wall thicknesses and fine inserts. When in pressure injection molding, the thermosetting plastic raw material is loaded into a feeding chamber of a closed mold, and is subjected to thermal plasticization in the feeding chamber, and the plasticized molten plastic enters a closed cavity through a pouring system under the action of pressure injection pressure, and is continuously heated and pressed to be cured and molded. The existing injection molding method has the fiber length generally not more than 10mm, and cannot meet the molding requirement of long fiber reinforced plastics.
The injection molding of the fiber reinforced thermosetting resin-based composite material is to melt and plasticize a material to be processed under the action of heating and shearing, inject the material into a closed model by means of thrust generated by a screw or a plunger, cure and mold at a certain temperature, and open a mold to obtain a product. The injection molding production cycle is short, the adaptability is strong, the production efficiency is high, and the automation is easy to realize. However, this molding method requires the maximum length and the maximum fiber content of the fibers, and the injection molding method is difficult to plasticize and inject for the fiber content of the fiber-reinforced heat-proof lining of 60% or more and the fiber length of 30mm or more.
the method for forming the thin-wall heatproof lining of the solid rocket engine and the rocket projectile is a process method of firstly die pressing a blank and then machining, the process route is long, and the strength of the machined product is low.
Disclosure of Invention
in order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a fiber reinforced plastic pressure injection molding process method which can be used for processing thin-wall secondary load-bearing components such as thin-wall heat-proof linings for solid rocket engines and rocket projectiles, nozzle blanking caps, igniter shells and the like.
the technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problem comprises the following steps:
(1) uniformly mixing the reinforced fibers and the resin according to the mass percentage of (60 +/-10): 40 +/-10);
(2) drying the mixture obtained in the step (1) for 90min at the temperature of 80 +/-1 ℃ for precuring;
(3) sealing and storing the injection molding material obtained by drying in the step (2) for 2-3 days;
(4) preheating the injection molding material to be processed at the temperature of 80 +/-1 ℃;
(5) preheating a forming die at 155-170 ℃, and filling the preheated injection molding material into the forming die;
(6) Pressurizing and curing the forming die;
(7) And (5) releasing pressure and demoulding.
And (2) cutting the reinforced fibers into 30-50 mm pieces before mixing.
the reinforced fiber is glass fiber, and the resin is boron phenolic resin, ammonia phenolic resin, barium phenolic resin or magnesium phenolic resin.
And (5) filling the injection molding material into a forming die for a plurality of times.
In the step (6), the pressure is 80-160 MPa, and the pressurizing and curing time is 10-30 min.
the forming die comprises a compression column, a feeding chamber, a lower die and a die sleeve, wherein the lower die and the die sleeve are buckled and then mutually communicated with a cavity of a workpiece to be processed, the feeding chamber is communicated with the cavity of the lower die and the die sleeve, the pressing material is filled in the feeding chamber, and the compression column pushes the cavity of the lower die and the die sleeve.
the die sleeve is a hollow cylinder, and the middle part of the inner cavity is inwards protruded; the lower die is of a step column structure, the small-diameter section penetrates through the middle part of the inner cavity to be protruded and enters one end of the inner cavity, and the cavity between the small-diameter section and the inner wall of the inner cavity is consistent with the shape of a workpiece to be processed.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the process is simple and convenient, and the thin-wall heat-proof component with the thickness of 1.5-5 mm and the product length of not more than 100mm can be formed. The basic deviation of the axial and radial structural dimensions of the component can reach IT 8-IT 9, and the surface finish is not lower than Ra 0.8. The injection-molded article can be used directly for bonding without further machining.
the invention relates to a fiber reinforced plastic pressure injection molding process method which is used for thin-wall secondary load-bearing components such as thin-wall heat-proof inner liners, spray pipe plugging covers, igniter shells and the like of solid rocket engines and rocket projectiles. The invention relates to a fiber reinforced plastic pressure injection molding process method, which can carry out pressure injection on a fiber reinforced thermosetting resin material with the fiber content of 50-65% and the fiber length of 30-50 mm according to the heat resistance and pressure bearing requirements of a member. The invention relates to a fiber reinforced plastic pressure injection molding process method, which can be used for molding a thin-wall heat-proof component with the thickness of 1.5-5 mm at one time, the characteristic shape of the component is completely molded by a mold, subsequent mechanical processing is not carried out, and the strength of the product is equivalent to that of a sample. The invention relates to a fiber reinforced plastic pressure injection molding process method, which has wide adaptability for molding fiber reinforced boron phenolic resin, ammonia phenolic resin, barium phenolic resin and magnesium phenolic resin heat-proof materials. The invention relates to a fiber reinforced plastic injection molding process method which can be used for hydraulic equipment comprising a heating device, such as a flat vulcanizing machine, a single-column hydraulic machine, a four-liquid injection press and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a prior art no-flash mold configuration;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a mold structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of the manufacturing process of the fiber reinforced plastic by injection molding.
In the figure, 1-moving die, 2-fixed die, 3-product, 4-ejector rod, 5-compression column, 6-feeding chamber, 7-lower die.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following drawings and examples, which include, but are not limited to, the following examples.
The invention relates to a fiber reinforced plastic pressure injection molding process method based on the following basic requirements: the fiber reinforced thermosetting resin material with the fiber content of 50-65% and the fiber length of 30-50 mm can be injected by pressure, and the characteristic structure and the density of the product are ensured.
The invention relates to a fiber reinforced plastic injection molding process method, which is based on the following basic requirements on the shape of a product: the thickness of the product is 1.5 mm-5 mm, and the length of the product is not more than 100 mm.
the invention relates to a fiber reinforced plastic pressure injection molding process method based on the following basic mold structure:
the process adopts a movable/combined type pressure injection mold, can be suitable for hydraulic equipment comprising a heating device, such as a flat vulcanizing machine, a single-column hydraulic machine, a four-liquid injection press and the like, has no requirement on the interface structure of the hydraulic equipment and a mold, and has the mold structure shown in figure 2.
the invention relates to a fiber reinforced plastic pressure injection molding process method, which relates to the following basic preparation process flows:
firstly, the fiber reinforced injection molding material prepared by a premixing method is prepared by cutting reinforced fibers into 30-50 mm, weighing the fibers and resin according to the mass ratio of 55 to 45, uniformly mixing, tearing, loosening and airing;
② pre-curing by drying for 90min under the condition of 80 +/-1 ℃;
Thirdly, the dried injection molding material is placed in a plastic bag (barrel) to be sealed for 2 to 3 days;
Fourthly, accurately weighing the required injection molding material according to the product quality;
fifthly, drying for 15min at the temperature of 80 +/-1 ℃ to preheat the injection material (generally, weighing and preheating the injection material after the mold is fully preheated);
sixthly, preheating a forming die for 60min after the temperature of the vulcanizing press or the hydraulic press is set to be 160 ℃, repeatedly charging and injecting the preheated injection molding material, and filling the injection molding material into the forming die through a charging chamber in times;
Seventhly, after the mold is installed, the mold is placed on a flat vulcanizing machine or a hydraulic press workbench, and the mold is closed and pressurized;
eighthly, after the heat preservation time is finished, releasing the pressure and demoulding;
ninthly, product flash is cleared.
the invention relates to a process control point of a fiber reinforced plastic pressure injection molding process method, which is mold preheating temperature and pressure injection pressure, wherein the mold preheating temperature is 155-170 ℃, the pressure injection pressure is 80-160 MPa, and the pressure curing time is 10-30 min.
The invention relates to a fiber reinforced plastic pressure injection molding process method which is mainly used for molding thin-wall secondary load-bearing components such as thin-wall heat-proof linings of solid rocket engines and rocket projectiles, nozzle blanking caps, igniter shells and the like. The reinforcing material is glass fiber, and the matrix resin is boron phenolic resin, ammonia phenolic resin, barium phenolic resin and magnesium phenolic resin. After the member is molded by injection molding, the compressive strength is not less than 120MPa, and the bending strength is not less than 150 MPa.
Examples 1
the XXX igniter heat-proof bushing is 75mm in inner diameter, 82mm in outer diameter and 100mm in length, the reinforcing material is glass fiber, the fiber length is 35-40 mm, the matrix resin is barium phenolic resin, the fiber content is 50%, the mold preheating temperature is 160 +/-5 ℃, the injection pressure is 120MPa, and the curing time is 20 min. The compression strength of the product after molding is 135MPa, and the bending strength is 170 MPa. The product has transient pressure bearing of 10MPa and does not have structural damage. The molding process flow is as follows:
cutting reinforced glass fiber into 35-40 mm pieces, weighing barium-phenolic resin as matrix resin at a mass ratio of 50: 50, mixing uniformly, tearing, loosening and airing;
Secondly, setting the temperature of an oven at 80 ℃, and drying for 60min for precuring;
Thirdly, the dried injection molding material is put in a plastic bag (barrel) to be sealed for 3 days;
Weighing 160g of the required injection molding material;
fifthly, setting the temperature of the oven at 80 ℃, preheating for 15min, and pressing and injecting the material (weighing and preheating the material after the mould is fully preheated);
Sixthly, preheating a forming die for 60min after the temperature of the vulcanizing press is set to be 160 ℃, repeatedly charging and pressure-injecting the preheated pressure-injection material, and charging the pressure-injection material into the forming die through a charging chamber for 4 times;
Seventhly, after the mold is installed, the mold is placed on a flat vulcanizing machine, the mold is closed, pressurized and cured for 20 min;
eighthly, after the heat preservation time is finished, releasing the pressure and demoulding;
Ninthly, cleaning the product and weighing.
EXAMPLES example 2
XXX blanking cover, the internal diameter is 46mm, the external diameter is 50mm, the length is 27mm, the bottom thickness is 1.5 + -0.05 mm, its reinforcing material is glass fiber, the fiber length is 30-35 mm, the matrix resin is magnesium phenolic resin, the fiber content is 65%, the preheating temperature of the mould is 155 + -5 deg.C, the pressure injection pressure is 100MPa, the curing time is 10 min. The compression strength and the bending strength of the product after molding are 120MPa and 140MPa respectively. The transient explosion pressure of the product is 1.8MPa to 2.5 MPa. The molding process flow is as follows:
Cutting reinforced glass fiber into 30-35 mm pieces, weighing the matrix resin as magnesium phenolic resin at a fiber-resin ratio of 65: 35 (by mass), uniformly mixing, tearing, loosening and airing;
secondly, setting the temperature of an oven at 80 ℃, and drying for 60min for precuring;
Thirdly, the dried injection molding material is put in a plastic bag (barrel) to be sealed for 2 days;
Weighing 22g of required injection molding material;
Fifthly, setting the temperature of the oven at 80 ℃, preheating for 10min, and pressing and injecting materials (weighing and preheating the pressing and injecting materials after the mould is fully preheated);
Sixthly, preheating a forming die for 60min after the flat vulcanizing machine is set to 155 ℃, repeatedly charging and pressure-injecting the preheated pressure-injection material, and loading the pressure-injection material into the forming die through a charging chamber for 2 times;
seventhly, after the mold is installed, the mold is placed on a flat vulcanizing machine, the mold is closed, pressurized and cured for 10 min;
Eighthly, after the heat preservation time is finished, releasing the pressure and demoulding;
ninthly, cleaning the product and weighing.
Claims (7)
1. a fiber reinforced plastic pressure injection molding process method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) Uniformly mixing the reinforced fibers and the resin according to the mass percentage of (60 +/-10): 40 +/-10);
(2) Drying the mixture obtained in the step (1) for 90min at the temperature of 80 +/-1 ℃ for precuring;
(3) Sealing and storing the injection molding material obtained by drying in the step (2) for 2-3 days;
(4) Preheating the injection molding material to be processed at the temperature of 80 +/-1 ℃;
(5) Preheating a forming die at 155-170 ℃, and filling the preheated injection molding material into the forming die;
(6) pressurizing and curing the forming die;
(7) and (5) releasing pressure and demoulding.
2. The process of injection molding fiber reinforced plastic according to claim 1, wherein: and (2) cutting the reinforced fibers into 30-50 mm pieces before mixing.
3. the process of injection molding fiber reinforced plastic according to claim 1, wherein: the reinforced fiber is glass fiber, and the resin is boron phenolic resin, ammonia phenolic resin, barium phenolic resin or magnesium phenolic resin.
4. The process of injection molding fiber reinforced plastic according to claim 1, wherein: and (5) filling the injection molding material into a forming die for a plurality of times.
5. The process of injection molding fiber reinforced plastic according to claim 1, wherein: in the step (6), the pressure is 80-160 MPa, and the pressurizing and curing time is 10-30 min.
6. the process of injection molding fiber reinforced plastic according to claim 1, wherein: the forming die comprises a compression column, a feeding chamber, a lower die and a die sleeve, wherein the lower die and the die sleeve are buckled and then mutually communicated with a cavity of a workpiece to be processed, the feeding chamber is communicated with the cavity of the lower die and the die sleeve, the pressing material is filled in the feeding chamber, and the compression column pushes the cavity of the lower die and the die sleeve.
7. the process of injection molding fiber reinforced plastic according to claim 1, wherein: the die sleeve is a hollow cylinder, and the middle part of the inner cavity is inwards protruded; the lower die is of a step column structure, the small-diameter section penetrates through the middle part of the inner cavity to be protruded and enters one end of the inner cavity, and the cavity between the small-diameter section and the inner wall of the inner cavity is consistent with the shape of a workpiece to be processed.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201910820283.7A CN110561791A (en) | 2019-09-01 | 2019-09-01 | Injection molding process method for fiber reinforced plastic |
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| CN201910820283.7A CN110561791A (en) | 2019-09-01 | 2019-09-01 | Injection molding process method for fiber reinforced plastic |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111469440A (en) * | 2020-04-14 | 2020-07-31 | 湖北航天化学技术研究所 | Composite forming tool and method for solid rocket engine plug type spray pipe |
| CN111997781A (en) * | 2020-07-17 | 2020-11-27 | 上海复合材料科技有限公司 | Composite material diffusion section forming method based on RTM (resin transfer molding) process semi-cured surface |
| CN112848397A (en) * | 2020-11-23 | 2021-05-28 | 河南航天液压气动技术有限公司 | Compression molding device and novel process for phenolic glass fiber product with insert |
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| CN109486104A (en) * | 2018-10-31 | 2019-03-19 | 西安长峰机电研究所 | A kind of benzoxazine resin base reinforcing fiber composite material and its forming method |
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Application publication date: 20191213 |