CN110560008A - Persistent organic pollutant contaminated site repairing agent and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Persistent organic pollutant contaminated site repairing agent and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110560008A
CN110560008A CN201910855979.3A CN201910855979A CN110560008A CN 110560008 A CN110560008 A CN 110560008A CN 201910855979 A CN201910855979 A CN 201910855979A CN 110560008 A CN110560008 A CN 110560008A
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parts
persistent organic
modified biochar
organic pollutant
chitosan
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彭晓春
蒋乐群
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Guangdong Southern China Environmental Protection Industry Technology Research Institute Co Ltd
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Guangdong Southern China Environmental Protection Industry Technology Research Institute Co Ltd
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/02Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
    • B01J20/0203Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising compounds of metals not provided for in B01J20/04
    • B01J20/0225Compounds of Fe, Ru, Os, Co, Rh, Ir, Ni, Pd, Pt
    • B01J20/0229Compounds of Fe
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/02Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
    • B01J20/20Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising free carbon; comprising carbon obtained by carbonising processes
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/22Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising organic material
    • B01J20/24Naturally occurring macromolecular compounds, e.g. humic acids or their derivatives
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09CRECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09C1/00Reclamation of contaminated soil
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09CRECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09C1/00Reclamation of contaminated soil
    • B09C1/08Reclamation of contaminated soil chemically
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2220/00Aspects relating to sorbent materials
    • B01J2220/40Aspects relating to the composition of sorbent or filter aid materials
    • B01J2220/48Sorbents characterised by the starting material used for their preparation
    • B01J2220/4812Sorbents characterised by the starting material used for their preparation the starting material being of organic character
    • B01J2220/4825Polysaccharides or cellulose materials, e.g. starch, chitin, sawdust, wood, straw, cotton
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2220/00Aspects relating to sorbent materials
    • B01J2220/40Aspects relating to the composition of sorbent or filter aid materials
    • B01J2220/48Sorbents characterised by the starting material used for their preparation
    • B01J2220/4875Sorbents characterised by the starting material used for their preparation the starting material being a waste, residue or of undefined composition
    • B01J2220/4887Residues, wastes, e.g. garbage, municipal or industrial sludges, compost, animal manure; fly-ashes

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of pollution remediation, and particularly relates to a persistent organic pollutant contaminated site remediation agent and a preparation method thereof. The repairing agent comprises the following components in parts by weight: 20-60 parts of modified biochar loaded nano-iron material, 10-30 parts of chitosan and 1-10 parts of ferroferric sulfide. The invention also provides a preparation method of the repairing agent. The repairing agent and the preparation method thereof are adopted to treat the soil polluted by persistent organic pollutants, and have the advantages of good removal effect, simple steps and low production cost.

Description

Persistent organic pollutant contaminated site repairing agent and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of pollution remediation, and particularly relates to a persistent organic pollutant contaminated site remediation agent and a preparation method thereof.
Background
With the development of industry and agriculture and the expansion of human activity boundaries, the problem of organic pollution in soil becomes increasingly serious. Since soil is a main nutrient source of agricultural products and partial organisms, organic pollutants in soil can be transferred, migrated, enriched and amplified through a food chain, so that the health and safety of animals and human beings are endangered. Some organic pollutants such as bisphenol a, phenol, polychlorinated biphenyl (PCBs) and the like are called persistent organic pollutants due to long half-life period and three-caused characteristics (carcinogenicity, teratogenicity and mutation) of the pollutants in soil, the removal difficulty is high, the potential threat to organisms is strong, and the treatment and removal technology is valued by people.
The biochar has a plurality of functions in different fields due to chemical composition and structural characteristics, and can be used as a good adsorption material in the field of pollution control to adsorb and remove organic and inorganic pollutants from environmental soil and water media. Chinese patent CN109796058A discloses a method for treating hexavalent chromium and organic pollutant combined pollution by adopting biochar. The main repairing method is that the specific biochar is added into a composite pollution system of hexavalent chromium and organic pollutants, the pH value of the reaction is controlled to be acidic, and the hexavalent chromium and the organic pollutants in the composite pollution system can be removed simultaneously after a period of reaction. The additive required by the method is biochar which has wide source, low cost, simple preparation method and low energy consumption. In addition, other chemical reagents do not need to be added in the repairing process, so that the treatment cost is reduced, and secondary pollution caused by the use of the chemical reagents is avoided.
Chitosan is a product of chitin after chemical treatment and deacetylation, and one remarkable characteristic of chitosan is strong adsorption capacity. Many low molecular weight materials, such as metal ions, cholesterol, triglycerides, cholic acid, organic mercury, etc., can be adsorbed by chitosan, and thus have applications in the fields of water treatment, metal extraction and recovery, etc.
The Chinese invention patent CN105498731A discloses a nylon 6/chitosan-Fe nano-fiber composite material for adsorbing organic pollutants in water, which is characterized in that the material is prepared by the following steps: 1) dissolving nylon 6 in formic acid to prepare a 26-27 wt% nylon 6 electrospinning solution; dissolving chitosan in formic acid to prepare 4 wt% chitosan electrospinning solution; 2) carrying out electrostatic spinning on the nylon 6 electrospinning solution and the chitosan electrospinning solution by using a coaxial needle, taking the nylon 6 electrospinning solution as a core layer, taking the chitosan electrospinning solution as an outer layer, and enabling the speed of a core layer propulsion pump to be 0.15ml/h and the speed of an outer layer propulsion pump to be 0.15-0.25 ml/h to obtain the nano-fiber with the core-shell structure; drying; 3) adding into 0.2mol/LFeCl3 & 6H2In an O isopropanol solution, shaking, washing and drying; obtaining the nylon 6/chitosan-Fe nano-fiber composite material for adsorbing organic pollutants in water. The invention has high adsorption performance, simple preparation and easy recovery.
In recent years, nanomaterials have attracted much attention due to their strong adsorption, reduction and antibacterial effects. The nano-iron has the characteristics of small particle size, large specific surface area, high reactivity, strong reducing capability and the like, and is widely applied to environmental ecological restoration.
at present, the treatment methods of persistent organic pollutants in soil, such as pyrolysis, electrolysis, plasma treatment and the like, have the defects of high cost, unstable treatment effect, complex steps and the like, so that the development of the persistent organic pollutant repairing agent with low cost, good treatment effect and simple preparation method has great social benefit and environmental significance.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a repairing agent for a persistent organic pollutant polluted site and a preparation method thereof, wherein the repairing agent can effectively remove the persistent organic pollutant in the polluted soil, the preparation process is relatively simple, and the consumption cost is relatively low.
The specific technical scheme for solving the technical problems is as follows:
a persistent organic pollutant contaminated site repairing agent comprises the following components in parts by weight: 20-60 parts of modified charcoal-loaded nano-iron material, 10-30 parts of chitosan and 1-10 parts of ferroferric sulfide.
Preferably, the persistent organic pollutant contaminated site repairing agent comprises the following components in parts by weight: 40 parts of modified biochar loaded nano-iron material, 20 parts of chitosan and 5 parts of ferroferric sulfide.
Further, the persistent organic contaminants include one or more of bisphenol a, tetrabromobisphenol a, phenol, trichloroethylene, chloroform, trichlorobiphenyl, and the like in combination.
further, the concentration of the persistent organic pollutants is 10-6000 mg/kg.
further, the molecular weight of the chitosan is 50000-300000.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the persistent organic pollutant contaminated site repairing agent, which comprises the following steps:
1) Preparing modified biochar: adding biomass into a ferrous sulfate solution, adding a sodium hydroxide solution and a sodium nitrate solution, heating to 80 ℃, uniformly stirring, filtering, performing solid-liquid separation, washing with water to be neutral, drying, and performing high-temperature pyrolysis at 750 ℃ to obtain modified biochar;
2) Preparing a modified biochar loaded nano-iron material: adding ferrous sulfate powder and modified biochar into an ethanol aqueous solution, dropwise adding a sodium borohydride solution, stirring for 30min, performing solid-liquid separation, alternately cleaning with water and ethanol, and freeze-drying to obtain a modified biochar loaded nano-iron material;
3) Uniformly mixing the modified biochar loaded nano-iron material, chitosan and ferroferric sulfide, and sequentially sieving the mixture by 60-mesh, 100-mesh and 200-mesh sieves to obtain the modified biochar loaded nano-iron material.
further, the biomass is one of straw, rice hull, wood dust and dried cow dung.
Further, the concentration of the ferrous sulfate solution in the step 1) is 0.025mol/L, the concentration of the sodium hydroxide solution is 0.1mol/L, the concentration of the sodium nitrate solution is 0.05mol/L, the stirring time is 24 hours, and the mass ratio of the biomass to the ferrous sulfate, the sodium hydroxide and the ammonium nitrate is 1:0.5: 0.03.
Further, the concentration of the sodium borohydride solution in the step 2) is 0.6mol/L, and the mass ratio of the ferrous sulfate powder to the modified biochar to the sodium borohydride is 1: 3.5: 0.1.
The repairing agent can be used for repairing the soil polluted by persistent organic pollutants.
The abundant structural characteristics (surface functional groups and fused aromatic ring structures) of the biochar provide a large number of adsorption sites, and the fused aromatic ring structures and aromatic pollutants have an electronic accepting effect outside the pollutants are adsorbed through the surface adsorption effect. The distribution effect is another main effect of the biochar in adsorbing the organic pollutants, and the distribution effect mainly comes from adsorption of incompletely carbonized components on the biochar surface to the organic pollutants. In addition, in the process of adsorbing organic pollutants by using the biochar, active substances on the biochar, such as environment-persistent free radicals, can be excited in a solution to generate active free radicals, such as hydroxyl free radicals, so that the organic pollutants are converted and degraded; in addition, other active substances on the biochar, such as -type substances, fused aromatic ring structures, oxygen-containing functional groups and soluble organic carbon, can also react with organic pollutants through electron transfer, so that the pollutants are converted and degraded. The organic pollutants are converted on the surface of the biochar, so that the adsorbed biochar can be effectively treated, the adsorption content is further improved, and the reuse efficiency of the biochar can be increased.
according to the invention, the nano iron is loaded on the modified biochar, and persistent organic pollutants are adsorbed to the surface of the material by virtue of the strong specific surface areas of the nano iron and the modified biochar, so that the contact opportunities of the nano iron and the ferroferric sulfide on the material and the pollutants are increased while the pollutants are removed; one part of pollutants adsorbed to the surface of the material is fixed on the biological carbon and the nano iron in an original form, and the other part of pollutants is subjected to degradation reaction under the catalysis of the nano iron and the ferroferric sulfide, and the degradation reaction mainly comprises removal reaction, ring opening reaction, addition reaction and the like of functional groups.
a large number of-OH, -NH2, acetamido, oxygen bridge, primary electron-rich pyran ring and other active groups are distributed on the molecular chain of the chitosan, and can form interaction with a plurality of molecules. Although free proton groups in the chitosan molecule can accept proton to form salt, which causes the chitosan to be soluble in acidic aqueous solution and cause loss. However, in the soil remediation process, this problem is avoided because there is no solution environment. And due to good adsorption and complexation properties of the chitosan, the chitosan interacts with the biochar and the nano iron to form a complex, so that the adsorption property on organic pollutants is enhanced.
Compared with the prior art, the persistent organic pollutant contaminated site repairing agent and the preparation method thereof provided by the invention have the following beneficial effects:
(1) The repairing agent provided by the invention comprehensively utilizes biochar, nano iron, chitosan and a catalyst, and multiple means are mutually matched to treat persistent organic pollutants, so that the effect is good;
(2) Through the multiple actions of the repairing agent provided by the invention, such as adsorption, complexation, conversion, decomposition and the like, persistent organic pollutants are adsorbed and transferred or converted into nontoxic or low toxic substances, so that the bioavailability and the migration capacity are reduced, and the risk of secondary pollution is avoided;
(3) The repairing agent provided by the invention has the advantages of low production cost and relatively simple process, and reduces the treatment cost of pollutants.
(4) the repair agent provided by the invention adopts cow dung, sawdust and straw which are common agricultural wastes, and the cow dung, the sawdust and the straw are utilized to treat pollution, so that the waste recycling is realized, and the wastes are changed into valuable materials.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described in the following description of the specific embodiments, but the present invention is not limited thereto, and those skilled in the art can make various modifications or improvements based on the basic idea of the present invention, but within the scope of the present invention as long as they do not depart from the basic idea of the present invention.
Example 1
A preparation method of a persistent organic pollutant contaminated site repairing agent comprises the following steps:
1) Preparing modified biochar: adding biomass into a ferrous sulfate solution, adding a sodium hydroxide solution and a sodium nitrate solution, heating to 80 ℃, uniformly stirring, filtering, performing solid-liquid separation, washing with water to be neutral, drying, and performing high-temperature pyrolysis at 750 ℃ to obtain modified biochar;
2) preparing a modified biochar loaded nano-iron material: adding ferrous sulfate powder and modified biochar into an ethanol aqueous solution, dropwise adding a sodium borohydride solution, stirring for 30min, performing solid-liquid separation, alternately cleaning with water and ethanol, and freeze-drying to obtain a modified biochar loaded nano-iron material;
3) Uniformly mixing the modified biochar loaded nano-iron material, chitosan and ferroferric sulfide, and sequentially sieving the mixture by 60-mesh, 100-mesh and 200-mesh sieves to obtain the modified biochar loaded nano-iron material.
Wherein the biomass is one of straw, rice hull, wood dust and dry cow dung. The concentration of the ferrous sulfate solution in the step 1) is 0.025mol/L, the concentration of the sodium hydroxide solution is 0.1mol/L, the concentration of the sodium nitrate solution is 0.05mol/L, the stirring time is 24 hours, and the mass ratio of the biomass to the ferrous sulfate, the sodium hydroxide and the ammonium nitrate is 1:0.5: 0.03. The concentration of the sodium borohydride solution in the step 2) is 0.6mol/L, and the mass ratio of the ferrous sulfate powder to the modified biochar to the sodium borohydride is 1: 3.5: 0.1.
Example 2
A persistent organic pollutant contaminated site repairing agent comprises the following components in parts by weight: 20 parts of modified charcoal-loaded nano-iron material, 10 parts of chitosan and 1 part of ferroferric sulfide. Wherein the chitosan has a molecular weight of 50000. The preparation is analogous to example 1.
Example 3
A persistent organic pollutant contaminated site repairing agent comprises the following components in parts by weight: 60 parts of modified charcoal-loaded nano-iron material, 30 parts of chitosan and 10 parts of ferroferric sulfide. Wherein the molecular weight of the chitosan is 1000000. The preparation is analogous to example 1.
Example 4
a persistent organic pollutant contaminated site repairing agent comprises the following components in parts by weight: 40 parts of modified charcoal-loaded nano-iron material, 20 parts of chitosan and 5 parts of ferroferric sulfide. Wherein the chitosan has a molecular weight of 300000. The preparation is analogous to example 1.
Comparative example 1
A persistent organic pollutant contaminated site repairing agent comprises the following components in parts by weight: 40 parts of modified charcoal-loaded nano-iron material and 20 parts of chitosan. Wherein the molecular weight of the chitosan is 300000. The preparation process is analogous to example 1.
Comparative example 2
A persistent organic pollutant contaminated site repairing agent comprises the following components in parts by weight: 40 parts of modified charcoal-loaded nano-iron material and 5 parts of ferroferric sulfide. Wherein the molecular weight of the chitosan is 300000. The preparation is analogous to example 1.
Comparative example 3
A persistent organic pollutant contaminated site repairing agent comprises the following components in parts by weight: 20 parts of chitosan and 5 parts of ferroferric sulfide. Wherein the molecular weight of the chitosan is 300000. The preparation is analogous to example 1.
Test example I test for repairing effect of persistent organic pollutant contaminated soil repairing agent
test materials (one): the repairing agents prepared in examples 2-4 of the present invention and comparative examples 1-3.
(II) test subjects: and (3) the bisphenol A, the phenol and the trichlorobiphenyl are compounded to pollute the soil.
(III) test method: the soil was treated with the remediation agent of the present invention and the soil was removed after 60 days and 180 days, respectively, for persistent organic pollutants, as shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1
As can be seen from Table 1, the removal rates of the soil contaminated by persistent organic pollutants treated by the remediation agents prepared in examples 2 to 4 of the present invention were all over 80%, while the removal rates of the soil treated by the remediation agents prepared in comparative examples 1 to 3 were all lower than those of the soil treated in examples 2 to 4. Experimental results show that the repairing agent prepared in the embodiments 2 to 4 of the invention has good treatment and repair effects on the soil polluted by persistent organic pollutants.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the above-described embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention and its functioning, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can modify or change the above-mentioned embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Accordingly, it is intended that all equivalent modifications or changes which can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical spirit of the present invention be covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. The persistent organic pollutant contaminated site repairing agent is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: 20-60 parts of modified biochar loaded nano-iron material, 10-30 parts of chitosan and 1-10 parts of ferroferric sulfide.
2. The repairing agent for the persistent organic pollutant contaminated site as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: 40 parts of modified biochar loaded nano-iron material, 20 parts of chitosan and 5 parts of ferroferric sulfide.
3. The agent as claimed in claim 1, wherein the persistent organic pollutant comprises one or more of bisphenol A, tetrabromobisphenol A, phenol, trichloroethylene, chloroform, trichlorobiphenyl, etc.
4. The agent for remediating a contaminated site with persistent organic pollutants as claimed in claim 1, wherein the concentration of the persistent organic pollutants is 10-6000 mg/kg.
5. the agent for remediating a persistent organic pollutant contaminated site as claimed in claim 1, wherein the chitosan has a molecular weight of 50000-300000.
6. The preparation method of the repairing agent for the persistent organic pollutant contaminated site as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) preparing modified biochar: adding biomass into a ferrous sulfate solution, adding a sodium hydroxide solution and a sodium nitrate solution, heating to 80 ℃, uniformly stirring, filtering, performing solid-liquid separation, washing with water to be neutral, drying, and performing high-temperature pyrolysis at 750 ℃ to obtain modified biochar;
2) Preparing a modified biochar loaded nano-iron material: adding ferrous sulfate powder and modified biochar into an ethanol aqueous solution, dropwise adding a sodium borohydride solution, stirring for 30min, performing solid-liquid separation, alternately cleaning with water and ethanol, and freeze-drying to obtain a modified biochar-loaded nano-iron material;
3) uniformly mixing the modified biochar loaded nano-iron material, chitosan and ferroferric sulfide, and sequentially sieving the mixture by 60-mesh, 100-mesh and 200-mesh sieves to obtain the modified biochar loaded nano-iron material.
7. the method for preparing the remediation agent for the site polluted by the persistent organic pollutants as claimed in claim 6, wherein the remediation agent comprises: the biomass is one of straw, rice hull, wood dust and dry cow dung.
8. The preparation method of the repairing agent for the site polluted by the persistent organic pollutant according to claim 6, wherein the concentration of the ferrous sulfate solution in the step 1) is 0.025mol/L, the concentration of the sodium hydroxide solution is 0.1mol/L, the concentration of the sodium nitrate solution is 0.05mol/L, the stirring time is 24 hours, and the mass ratio of the biomass to the ferrous sulfate, the sodium hydroxide and the ammonium nitrate is 1:0.5: 0.03.
9. The preparation method of the persistent organic pollutant contaminated site remediation agent according to claim 6, wherein the concentration of the sodium borohydride solution in the step 2) is 0.6mol/L, and the mass ratio of the ferrous sulfate powder to the modified biochar to the sodium borohydride is 1: 3.5: 0.1.
CN201910855979.3A 2019-09-11 2019-09-11 Persistent organic pollutant contaminated site repairing agent and preparation method thereof Pending CN110560008A (en)

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Application publication date: 20191213