CN110559738A - Visualization device and method for particle deposition process in filter - Google Patents
Visualization device and method for particle deposition process in filter Download PDFInfo
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- CN110559738A CN110559738A CN201910809390.XA CN201910809390A CN110559738A CN 110559738 A CN110559738 A CN 110559738A CN 201910809390 A CN201910809390 A CN 201910809390A CN 110559738 A CN110559738 A CN 110559738A
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- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 238000005137 deposition process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000012800 visualization Methods 0.000 title claims description 9
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 89
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 83
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 description 18
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 11
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 11
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010146 3D printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012065 filter cake Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013618 particulate matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008646 thermal stress Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007794 visualization technique Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D35/00—Filtering devices having features not specifically covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D33/00, or for applications not specifically covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D33/00; Auxiliary devices for filtration; Filter housing constructions
- B01D35/30—Filter housing constructions
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D36/00—Filter circuits or combinations of filters with other separating devices
- B01D36/04—Combinations of filters with settling tanks
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/08—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/08—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
- G01N2015/084—Testing filters
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Filtering Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of particle deposition and filtration, and particularly discloses a device and a method for visualizing a particle deposition process in a filter, wherein the device comprises a filter inlet, a shell, a filter outlet, a filter pore passage and a transparent cover plate, wherein the filter inlet, the shell and the filter outlet are sequentially connected; the shape of the cross section of the filtering pore channel is the same as the shape of the half cross section of the actual filtering pore channel in the filter to be tested, the filtering pore channel is positioned in the shell, one end of the filtering pore channel is communicated with the inlet of the filter, the shell is not communicated with the inlet of the filter at the end, the other end of the filtering pore channel is not communicated with the outlet of the filter, and the shell is communicated with the outlet of the filter at the end; a transparent cover plate covers the housing. The device can accurately simulate the filtering process in an actual pore channel, and can observe the particle deposition filtering process along the axis profile of the pore channel structure, thereby solving the problem that the filtering pore channel in the actual filter is narrow and closed and is difficult to directly observe.
Description
Technical Field
the invention belongs to the field of particle deposition and filtration, and particularly relates to a device and a method for visualizing a particle deposition process in a filter.
background
The porous medium is a common space occupied by multiphase substances and is also a combination of the coexistence of the multiphase substances, the part of the space without a solid framework is called a pore, the part of the space is occupied by liquid or gas-liquid two phases, relative to one phase, other phases are dispersed in the porous medium, and the solid phase is used as the solid framework, and certain cavities forming the void space are communicated with each other. In practice, porous media are often used to filter particulate matter from gases or liquids.
Diesel Particulate Filters (DPF) in practical use are widely used due to their extremely high trapping efficiency, but in use, deposition of soot particles causes clogging in filter channels, raising exhaust back pressure of the diesel engine, and further affecting economy of the diesel engine, so that timely regeneration is required. According to the research related to the DPF, the main problems of DPF regeneration are that the regeneration time is judged too early, the regeneration is too frequent due to the too late regeneration time, the economy is affected, the internal deposited soot in the DPF is more when the regeneration time is too late, the internal thermal stress is too large when the regeneration is caused, and the DPF is possibly burnt, so that the accurate judgment of the soot deposition amount in the DPF is the premise and the basis for judging the regeneration time. The current determination of DPF regeneration timing mainly depends on the determination of carbon loading through DPF front-back Pressure difference, but the actual DPF front-back Pressure difference and carbon loading are not linear, and are closely related to the filtering state of soot particles, such as deep filtration or filter cake filtration (Masoudi M, Konstandoulos AG, Nikitis M S, et al. modification of a Model and Development of a simulation for Predicting the Pressure Drop of Diesel Particulate Filters [ C ]/. Sae World Congress.2001); and due to the influence of the internal flow resistance characteristic of the DPF, the pressure difference sensor cannot correctly feed back the change of the carbon loading under the condition of low exhaust flow (Singh N, Mandariu S. DPF Soot efficiency variations and analysis of Available DPF Technologies [ J ]. European Journal of carbon greater Group on carbon greater nuclear Nursery of the European Society of technology, 2013,6(2):105), so that the carbon loading is judged to have larger deviation through the pressure difference of the DPF. The method can accurately know the deposition process and mechanism of the soot particles in the DPF, provide basis for judging the front and back pressure drop of the DPF and the deposited soot amount, and provide theoretical guidance for formulating a more reasonable regeneration strategy.
In practice, the DPF honeycomb-shaped filtering pore channels are narrow and closed, the cross section size of a single pore channel is only several millimeters, the direct measurement of the soot deposition distribution condition in the pore is difficult to realize by using a sensor, and the existing related patents or documents mostly analyze the soot deposition in the DPF pore channels in a qualitative or indirect mode. Patents CN104832258A and CN106121795A focus on qualitative distribution of soot deposition in DPF channels, and estimate the carbon accumulation amount in DPF by using inflow parameters and the like; patents CN109404107A and CN108087071A provide instantaneous discharge of soot and CO2Integrating the instantaneous emission to estimate the internal deposited carbon loading of the DPF; patent CN202467990U uses a plane cut from the DPF substrate to observe the deposition of soot particles when the carbonaceous flue gas flow vertically passes through the filtering plane; the document "Oki H, Karin P, Hanamura K. visualization of the oxidation of nanoparticles grafted on a diesel particulate filter [ J]SAE International Journal of Engineers, 2011,4(1):515-526 "uses a silica glass face instead of one face of one square pore of a DPF to observe, based on a microscope, the deposition of particulates as the flow of soot-containing particulates passes through the remaining three filter faces of the DPF pores. Above-mentioned device based on single face or trilateral structure carries out soot particle filtration experiment has great difference with the downthehole four sides flow filtration structure of DPF, therefore the experimental result is difficult to really reflect the deposit distribution rule of soot particle when four sides are filtered in the long and thin pore of practical DPF.
disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects or the improvement requirements of the prior art, the invention provides a visualization device and a visualization method for the deposition process of particles in a filter, and aims to construct a filtering pore channel of the device according to a half of an actual pore channel structure, simulate the filtering process in the filter based on the Reynolds similarity principle, observe the filtering process along an axial section of the pore channel structure, directly know the deposition condition of the particles in the filtering pore channel and solve the problems that the actual filtering pore channel in the filter is narrow, small and closed and is difficult to directly observe.
In order to achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a device for visualizing a particle deposition process inside a filter, comprising a filter inlet, a housing, a filter outlet, a filter passage, and a transparent cover plate, wherein the filter inlet, the housing, and the filter outlet are connected in sequence; the cross section of the filter pore passage is the same as the shape of half of the cross section of the actual filter pore passage in the filter to be tested, the filter pore passage is positioned in the shell, one end of the filter pore passage is communicated with the filter inlet, the shell is not communicated with the filter inlet at the end, the other end of the filter pore passage is not communicated with the filter outlet, and the shell is communicated with the filter outlet at the end; the transparent cover plate covers the shell.
As a further preferred, the device further comprises an observation unit, which is installed above the transparent cover plate and is used for observing the deposition condition of the particles in the filter pore canal.
As a further preferred feature, the filter passage includes a filter support surface and a filter surface covering a surface of the filter support surface.
As a further preference, the filter inlet, housing, filter outlet and filter support surface are made of glass, alloy or resin material.
Preferably, the filter surface is a rigid filter medium or a flexible filter medium.
Further preferably, the observation unit is preferably a laser displacement sensor or a microscope.
According to another aspect of the present invention, a method for visualizing a particle deposition process inside a filter is provided, which is implemented by using the above apparatus, and comprises the following steps: the fluid to be filtered enters the filtering pore channel from the inlet of the filter, the fluid to be filtered permeates into the shell after being filtered by the filtering pore channel, the particulate matters in the fluid to be filtered are deposited on the wall surface of the filtering pore channel, and then the filtered fluid flows out from the outlet of the filter through the shell; the deposition distribution of the particles in the filter pore passage is directly observed through the transparent cover plate, so that the visualization of the deposition process of the particles in the filter is realized.
It is further preferable that the flow rate of the fluid to be filtered in the filtration pore passage is controlled so that the reynolds number of the fluid to be filtered in the observation device is the same as the reynolds number thereof in the filter under test.
generally, compared with the prior art, the above technical solution conceived by the present invention mainly has the following technical advantages:
1. Aiming at the problems that the particle deposition distribution in the pore channel is difficult to directly measure or the measured particle flow cannot reflect the actual condition of the internal soot deposition in the current research on the particle deposition in the filter, the invention constructs the filter pore channel of the device according to the pore channel structure of one-half of the actual filter and simulates the filtering process in the filter, thereby realizing the observation of the filtering process along the axis profile of the pore channel structure, accurately reflecting the particle deposition condition in the filter pore channel, being more close to the actual flow and convenient for experimental observation, and being used for the visual measurement of the particle deposition process in various filtering devices such as a particle trap, a water purifier and the like.
2. The filtering pore passage designed by the invention enlarges the filtering pore passage in the actual filter, and solves the problem that the actual filtering pore passage to be measured is narrow and closed and is difficult to observe; and simultaneously, according to the Reynolds similarity principle, the flow speed of the fluid to be filtered in the filtering pore channel is adjusted, so that the flow of the fluid to be filtered in the filtering pore channel is similar to the flow of the fluid to be filtered in the actual filtering pore channel to be detected.
3. The device is convenient to disassemble and assemble, and the transparent cover plate is opened when the filter medium is replaced or particles are removed, and then sealing is carried out again after replacement.
4. The device is convenient to carry, is suitable for various practical working environments, and is beneficial to timely researching the deposition process and deposition mechanism of particles in the filter body.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a left side view of a device for visualizing a deposition process of particles in a filter according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of a device for visualizing a deposition process of particles inside a filter according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a device for visualizing a particle deposition process inside a filter according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a method for visualizing a particle deposition process inside a filter according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The same reference numbers will be used throughout the drawings to refer to the same or like elements or structures, wherein: 1-observation unit, 2-filter inlet, 3-filter pore channel, 4-filter outlet, 5-transparent cover plate and 6-shell.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
the visualization device for the particle deposition process inside the filter, as shown in fig. 1 to 3, is designed according to the shape and size of the filter to be tested based on the reynolds similarity criterion and the symmetry principle, and includes a filter inlet 2, a housing 6, a filter outlet 4, a filter duct 3, a transparent cover plate 5 and an observation unit 1, wherein:
The filter inlet 2, the shell 6 and the filter outlet 4 are connected in sequence; dividing an actual filtering pore structure in a filter to be tested along an axis, and constructing a filtering pore 3 according to a half actual pore structure so as to observe a particle deposition process, wherein the filtering pore 3 is positioned in the shell 6 and is a porous structure wall surface capable of realizing particle filtration, the filtering pore 3 specifically comprises a filtering support surface and a filtering surface covered on the surface of the filtering support surface, one end of the filtering pore 3 is communicated with the filter inlet 2, the shell 6 is not communicated with the filter inlet 2 at the end, the other end of the filtering pore 3 is not communicated with the filter outlet 4, and the shell 6 is communicated with the filter outlet 4 at the end; the transparent cover plate 5 covers the shell 6;
The observation unit 1 is installed above the transparent cover plate 5 and used for observing the filtering condition in the filtering pore canal 3 through the transparent cover plate 5.
Specifically, the cross section of the actual filter pore channel to be measured is circular or square, so that the cross section of the filter pore channel 3 is semicircular or triangular; meanwhile, the actual filter pore passage to be measured is narrow and difficult to observe, so the cross-sectional dimension of the filter pore passage 3 is amplified in an equal ratio to the cross-sectional dimension of the actual filter pore passage to be measured, and the applicable actual filter pore passage to be measured has the dimension of 0.1-2 mm (the diameter of the filter pore passage when the cross-section of the filter pore passage is circular, and the side length of the filter pore passage when the cross-section of the filter pore passage is square).
preferably, the filter inlet 2, the housing 6, the filter outlet 4 and the filter support surface are made of glass, alloy or resin material, and the specific material is determined according to the processing and using environment; the filtering surface is a rigid filtering medium such as porous ceramic and glass or a flexible filtering medium such as filter paper and filter felt; the observation unit 1 is preferably a laser displacement sensor or a microscope.
The device is used for visually observing the deposition process of particles in the filter, and specifically comprises the following steps: the fluid to be filtered enters the filtering pore canal 3 from the filter inlet 2, the fluid to be filtered permeates into the shell 6 after being filtered by the filtering surface of the filtering pore canal 3, particulate matters in the fluid to be filtered are deposited in the filtering pore canal 3, and then the filtered fluid flows out from the filter outlet 4 through the shell 6; the observation unit 1 measures the distribution of the particles deposited in the filtering process through the transparent cover plate 5, so that the direct observation of the particle deposition process in the filtering pore channel 3 is realized;
Specifically, in order to make the flow of the fluid to be filtered in the filtering duct 3 similar to the actual flow of the fluid to be filtered in the filtering duct to be measured, it is required to ensure that the reynolds number Re of the fluid to be filtered is the same, according to the reynolds similarity criterion, the following formula is specifically provided:
Wherein rho, mu and nu are density, viscosity and flow rate of the fluid to be filtered respectively, and d is the side length (when square) or the diameter (when circular) of the cross section of the filtering pore channel;
The density and viscosity of the fluid in the filtering pore passage 3 and the actual filtering pore passage to be measured are the same, so the flow speed of the fluid to be filtered in the filtering pore passage 3 needs to be controlled according to the cross-sectional dimension proportion of the filtering pore passage.
The following are specific examples:
Example 1
A square filtering pore channel in a particulate filter (DPF) is taken as a research object, and an observation device simulating single-pore channel and double-sided filtering visualization of the DPF is designed:
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the actual cross section of the filtration pore channel is square, the side length d thereof is 1mm, the cross section of the designed filtration pore channel 3 is isosceles right triangle, the side length of the right angle is 10mm, and the length of the filtration pore channel 3 is 100 mm; the sections of the filter inlet 2 and the filter outlet 4 are semicircular, and the diameters of the filter inlet and the filter outlet are both 10 mm; the transparent cover plate 5 is made of transparent glass, and is 20mm wide and 100mm long; the filter surface is filter paper, and the filter inlet 2, the shell 6, the filter outlet 4 and the filter support surface are made of aluminum alloy through 3D printing.
During observation, the gas flow rate is controlled to be 1/10 of the gas flow rate in the actual filter so as to meet the condition that the Reynolds numbers are similar, namely the observation device can accurately simulate the soot deposition condition in the DPF pore channel under the condition of 10 times of the gas flow rate in actual application; as shown in fig. 4, in the process of simulating DPF filtration, the laser displacement sensor is used to monitor the filtration reaction condition in the filtration pore channel 3 in real time and transmit the monitored result to the computer, so as to complete the observation of the soot deposition process in the filter, and further obtain the soot deposition amount in the DPF through the observed data, thereby accurately judging the regeneration time.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the invention, and that any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. the device for visualizing the particle deposition process in the filter is characterized by comprising a filter inlet (2), a shell (6), a filter outlet (4), a filter pore passage (3) and a transparent cover plate (5), wherein the filter inlet (2), the shell (6) and the filter outlet (4) are sequentially connected; the cross section of the filter pore canal (3) is the same as the shape of half of the cross section of the actual filter pore canal in the filter to be tested, the filter pore canal (3) is positioned in the shell (6), one end of the filter pore canal is communicated with the filter inlet (2), the shell (6) is not communicated with the filter inlet (2) at the end, the other end of the filter pore canal (3) is not communicated with the filter outlet (4), and the shell (6) is communicated with the filter outlet (4) at the end; the transparent cover plate (5) covers the shell (6).
2. device for visualizing a process of particle deposition inside a filter as in claim 1, further comprising an observation unit (1), said observation unit (1) being mounted above said transparent cover plate (5) for observing particle deposition inside the filtering duct (3).
3. The device for visualizing a process of particle deposition inside a filter as defined in claim 1, wherein said filtering duct (3) comprises a filtering support surface and a filtering surface covering the surface of the filtering support surface.
4. Device for visualizing a particle deposition process inside a filter as in claim 3, wherein said filter inlet (2), housing (6), filter outlet (4) and filter support surface are made of glass, alloy or resin material.
5. the apparatus for visualizing a particle deposition process inside a filter as in claim 3, wherein the filtering surface is a rigid filtering medium or a flexible filtering medium.
6. the filter interior particle deposition process visualization device according to claim 2, wherein the observation unit (1) is preferably a laser displacement sensor or a microscope.
7. A method for visualizing the deposition process of particles inside a filter, which is carried out using the device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising the steps of: the fluid to be filtered enters the filtering pore canal (3) from the filter inlet (2), the fluid to be filtered permeates into the shell (6) after being filtered by the filtering pore canal (3), particulate matters in the fluid to be filtered are deposited on the wall surface of the filtering pore canal (3), and then the filtered fluid flows out from the filter outlet (4) through the shell (6); the deposition distribution of the particles in the filter pore passage (3) is directly observed through the transparent cover plate (5), so that the visualization of the deposition process of the particles in the filter is realized.
8. Method for visualizing a process of particle deposition inside a filter as in claim 7, wherein the flow rate of the fluid to be filtered in the filtering duct (3) is controlled so that the Reynolds number of the fluid to be filtered in the viewing device is the same as the Reynolds number thereof in the filter under test.
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| CN201910809390.XA CN110559738B (en) | 2019-08-29 | 2019-08-29 | Visualization device and method for particle deposition process in filter |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111426618A (en) * | 2020-04-14 | 2020-07-17 | 重庆中烟工业有限责任公司 | Rapid evaluation and inspection system and method for cooling material |
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