CN110557692A

CN110557692A - Optical splitter and method of transmitting optical signals

Info

Publication number: CN110557692A
Application number: CN201910739803.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 杨素林
Original assignee: Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Current assignee: Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Priority date: 2019-08-12
Filing date: 2019-08-12
Publication date: 2019-12-10
Anticipated expiration: 2039-08-12
Also published as: CN110557692B

Abstract

the application provides an optical splitter and a method for transmitting optical signals, and belongs to the technical field of communication. The optical splitter includes: the optical fiber amplifier comprises a plurality of optical input ports, one or more optical output ports, a laser and one or more first photoelectric converters (pd), wherein the laser is connected with the one or more optical output ports through an optical waveguide, the laser is electrically connected with the one or more first pds, when the first pds are multiple, each first pd is connected with the one or more optical input ports through an optical waveguide, the optical input ports connected with each first pd are different, and when the first pds are one, the first pd is connected with the plurality of optical input ports through an optical waveguide. By the method and the device, the difficulty of the local side equipment in recovering the uplink data can be reduced.

Description

Optical splitter and method of transmitting optical signals

Technical Field

the present disclosure relates to the field of communications technologies, and in particular, to an optical splitter and a method for transmitting an optical signal.

Background

A passive optical network (pon) is composed of three parts, as shown in fig. 1, a local end device (office) which may be an optical line termination (olt), an optical distribution network (odn) and a terminal device (optical network termination, ont), odn are generally divided into four parts, that is, an optical splitter (splitter), a trunk fiber (feed fiber), a distribution fiber (distribution fiber) and a splitter fiber (drop fiber), wherein the distribution fiber and the fiber may be collectively referred to as a branch fiber, each splitter for transmitting an uplink optical signal may include N-stage splitters, one or more optical output ports and a plurality of optical input ports, the N-stage splitters are 2- ^N optical splitters, the optical splitters may be 1,2 (N2, 3) and the splitter may be a splitter at a splitting ratio of 2, 3, or 3.

In the pon system, the transmission direction of the uplink optical signal is from the terminal device to the central office device, and the uplink optical signal operates in a time division multiple access (tdma) manner, and the terminal device performs burst transmission only in a time slot authorized by the central office device. Therefore, the office device also receives the optical signal in a burst manner, and the office device receives a large amount of optical signals at the same time, which causes great difficulty in data recovery of the office device.

Disclosure of Invention

in order to solve the problem that data recovery difficulty of local side equipment is high, the embodiment of the application provides an optical splitter and a method for transmitting an optical signal. The technical scheme is as follows:

In one aspect, there is provided an optical splitter comprising a plurality of optical input ports, one or more optical output ports, a laser, one or more first optical to electrical converters pd; the laser and the one or more optical output ports are connected through optical waveguides; the laser is electrically connected to the one or more first pds; when the first pd is multiple, each first pd is connected with one or more optical input ports through an optical waveguide, the optical input ports connected with each first pd are different, and when the first pd is one, the first pd is connected with the optical input ports through an optical waveguide.

In the embodiment of the present application, the optical splitter may include a plurality of optical input ports, one or more optical output ports, a laser, and one or more first optical-to-electrical converters (pds), the laser is connected to the one or more optical output ports through an optical waveguide, the laser is electrically connected to the one or more first pds, when the first pds are plural, each of the first pds is connected to the one or more optical input ports through an optical waveguide, and the optical input port to which each of the first pds is connected is different, and when the first pds is one, the first pd is connected to the plurality of optical input ports through an optical waveguide, so that when the upstream optical signal is transmitted, the upstream optical signal is reconstructed by the laser without passing through the N-stage optical splitter, and the loss is lower than that of the N-stage optical splitter, even if the local-side device suddenly receives the optical signal, because the intensity of the received optical signal is relatively large, the difficulty of recovery is also reduced.

in one possible implementation, the first pds are 2 ^N-1 first pds, the optical splitter further includes N-stage optical splitters, the N-stage optical splitters include 2 ^N -1 optical splitters, the optical splitters are 1-2 optical splitters or 2-2 optical splitters, the i-stage optical splitter of the N-stage optical splitters includes 2 ^i-1 optical splitters, the i-stage optical splitter and the i + 1-stage optical splitter of the N-stage optical splitters are connected through an optical waveguide, N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1, i is greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to N, the upstream optical side of each optical splitter includes two optical splitting ports, the first optical splitting port of each optical splitter is connected with one first pd through an optical waveguide, and each optical splitter is connected with a different first pd, the second optical splitting port of each optical splitter is connected with one optical splitting port of the N-1 optical splitter through an optical waveguide, so that the first optical splitter can be used for transmitting signals not only when the signals enter the N-stage optical splitters.

in a possible implementation, the first pds are 2 ^N first pds, the optical splitter further includes an N-stage optical splitter and 2 ^N first wavelength division multiplexing (wdm), the N-stage optical splitter includes 2 ^N -1 optical splitters, the optical splitters are 1 × 2 optical splitters or 2 × 2 optical splitters, an i-stage optical splitter of the N-stage optical splitters includes 2 ^i-1 optical splitters, an i-stage optical splitter of the N-stage optical splitters is connected with an i + 1-stage optical splitter by an optical waveguide, N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1, i is greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to N, an upstream optical side of each optical splitter of the N-stage optical splitters includes two optical splitting ports, each first pdd of the 2 dm 2 ^N first pds is connected with an upstream optical waveguide of one optical splitter of the N-stage optical splitters, and a different upstream optical signal is transmitted between the first dm and the first optical splitter.

In a possible implementation, the optical splitter comprises a first pd, and the optical splitter further comprises 2 ^N first wdm and N-stage optical splitters, one first wdm is disposed between the first pd and each optical input port, the upstream optical side of each optical splitter in the N-stage optical splitters comprises two optical splitting ports, one optical splitting port of each first wdm in the 2 ^N first wdm and one optical splitting port of the upstream optical side of one optical splitter in the N-stage optical splitters are connected by an optical waveguide, and each first wdm is connected to a different optical splitting port.

in a possible implementation manner, the optical splitter further includes one or more second wdm devices, the number of the second wdm devices is the same as the number of the optical output ports, the upstream optical output side of the first stage optical splitter in the N-stage optical splitter includes two optical splitting ports, and the second wdm device is connected with one optical splitting port on the upstream optical output side of the first stage optical splitter in the N-stage optical splitter through an optical waveguide; a second wdm is disposed between the laser and each optical output port. Thus, since the optical output port can be connected to the N-stage optical splitter through the second wdm, the downlink optical signal can be input through the optical output port of the uplink optical signal, and the optical splitter can be used even when the optical signal is transmitted in the downlink.

In one possible implementation, the optical splitter further includes a second pd and a third wdm, the third wdm being optically waveguided with the laser, the third wdm being optically waveguided with one optical output port, and the third wdm being optically waveguided with the third pd. Therefore, bias current can be provided for the laser or a driving signal of the laser can be amplified through the external equipment of the optical splitter, and the driving signal of the laser is an electric signal output by the first pd.

in one possible implementation, the number of the optical output ports is two; an optical switch, a 1 × 2 optical splitter, or a 2 × 2 optical splitter is provided between the optical output port and the laser. Therefore, the number of the optical output ports is two, a main port and a standby port are provided, and the stability of the optical splitter is realized.

In one aspect, a method for transmitting an optical signal is provided, where the method is applied to the optical splitter described above, and the method includes: the first pd receives a first upstream optical signal through the optical input port; the first pd converts the first upstream optical signal to an electrical signal, which is transmitted to the laser; and the laser converts the electric signal into a second uplink optical signal and outputs the second uplink optical signal through the optical output port.

In the solution shown in the embodiment of the present application, any uplink optical signal input by the optical splitter may be referred to as a first uplink optical signal, and any optical input port is connected with a first pd, and after the first uplink optical signal is input through one optical input port by an external device of the optical splitter, the first uplink optical signal is transmitted to the connected first pd through an optical waveguide, so that the first pd can receive the first uplink optical signal. The first pd performs photoelectric conversion on the first uplink optical signal, converts the first uplink optical signal into an electric signal and transmits the electric signal to the laser, and the laser converts the electric signal into a second uplink optical signal and outputs the second uplink optical signal through the optical output port. Therefore, when the uplink optical signal is transmitted, the uplink optical signal is reconstructed through the laser without passing through the N-stage optical splitter, and the loss is lower than that of the N-stage optical splitter, so that even if the optical signal is received by the office equipment in a burst mode, the difficulty of recovering the uplink data is reduced because the intensity of the received optical signal is high.

In a possible implementation manner, the plurality of first pds are 2 ^N-1 first pds, the optical splitter further includes an N-stage optical splitter, and the first pd receives the first uplink optical signal through the optical input port, and includes the first pd receiving a first uplink optical signal transmitted by an N-stage optical splitter connected to the first pd, and the N-stage optical splitter receives the first uplink optical signal through the optical input port.

In the solution shown in the embodiment of the present application, after a first uplink optical signal is input from an optical input port, the first uplink optical signal passes through the optical input port to an nth-order optical splitter, the nth-order optical splitter outputs two paths of first uplink optical signals, one path of the first uplink optical signals is transmitted to an N-1 st-order optical splitter through an optical waveguide, and the other path of the first uplink optical signals is transmitted to a first pd through an optical waveguide, so that the first pd receives the first uplink optical signal.

in one possible implementation, the plurality of first pds is 2 ^N first pds, the optical splitter further includes an N-stage splitter and 2 ^N first wdm, the first pd receives the first uplink optical signal through the optical input port and includes the first pd receiving the first uplink optical signal transmitted through a connected first wdm, and the connected first wdm receives the first uplink optical signal through the optical input port, and the method further includes transmitting a downlink optical signal to a connected optical input port through the first wdm.

in the embodiment of the present application, after the first uplink optical signal is input from the optical input port, the first uplink optical signal is transmitted to the first wdm of the connection, and then transmitted to the first pd of the first wdm connection through the first wdm, so that the first uplink optical signal can be received by the first pd. Since the first wdm is connected to the nth stage optical splitter, the downlink optical signal can be transmitted to the optical input port connected to the first wdm through the first wdm after being transmitted downstream through the nth stage optical splitter, and then the downlink optical signal can be output. Thus, the optical splitter can be used for transmission of both uplink and downlink optical signals.

In one possible implementation, the optical splitter comprises one first pd, the optical splitter further comprises 2 ^N first wdm, the first pd receiving the first uplink optical signal through the optical input port comprises the first pd receiving the first uplink optical signal transmitted through a connected first wdm, the connected first wdm receiving the first uplink optical signal through the optical input port, and the method further comprises transmitting a downlink optical signal through the first wdm to a connected optical input port.

In one possible implementation, the optical splitter further includes one or more second wdm, the number of the second wdm being the same as the number of the optical output ports; the laser device converts the electrical signal into a second uplink optical signal, and outputs the second uplink optical signal through the optical output port, including: the laser converts the electric signal into a second uplink optical signal, and outputs the second uplink optical signal to the optical output port through the second wdm; the method further comprises the following steps: and transmitting the downlink optical signal to the first-stage optical splitter through the second wdm.

According to the scheme shown in the embodiment of the application, after the laser converts the electric signal into the second uplink optical signal, the second uplink optical signal can be transmitted to the connected second wdm, and then is output to the optical output port through the second wdm for output. When the optical splitter receives the downlink optical signal, the downlink optical signal can be transmitted to the second wdm, transmitted to the N-stage optical splitter through the second wdm, transmitted to the optical input port of the uplink optical signal through the N-stage optical splitter, and output. In this scheme, the optical input port of the uplink optical signal is the optical output port of the downlink optical signal, and the optical output port of the uplink optical signal is the optical input port of the downlink optical signal. Thus, the optical splitter can be used for transmission of both uplink and downlink optical signals.

In a possible implementation manner, the optical splitter further includes a second pd, and the second pd and a third wdm are further disposed between the laser and one optical transmission port; the method further comprises the following steps: and the second pd receiving local side equipment converts the target optical signal into an electrical signal through the target optical signal transmitted by the third wdm, transmits the electrical signal to the laser, and is used for providing a bias current for the laser or amplifying the electrical signal received by the laser and provided by the first pd.

In the embodiment of the present application, the second pd may be optically waveguide-connected to a third wdm, the third wdm may be optically waveguide-connected to an optical output port, the third wdm may also be optically waveguide-connected to a laser, the second pd is electrically connected to the laser, the optical output port may be connected to a local device, and the local device may provide an optical signal (which may be referred to as a target optical signal hereinafter) with a wavelength different from that of the uplink optical signal and the downlink optical signal, for example, 980nm or 1700 nm. And the optical signal is transmitted to the second pd through the optical output port and the third wdm, and the second pd can convert the target optical signal into an electrical signal after receiving the electrical signal and transmit the electrical signal to the laser. The laser, upon receiving the electrical signal, may act as a bias current or amplify the received electrical signal provided by the first pd 4. In this way, the laser can be made to generate a second upstream optical signal at a higher intensity.

In one aspect, there is provided an optical splitter comprising a plurality of optical input ports, one or more optical output ports, an optical amplifier, one or more third optical to electrical converters pd; the optical amplifier is connected with the one or more optical output ports through optical waveguides; said optical amplifier is electrically connected to said one or more third pds; the optical amplifier is connected with the plurality of optical input ports through optical waveguides; when the third pds are multiple, each third pd is connected with one or more optical input ports through an optical waveguide, the optical input ports connected with each third pd are different, and when the third pds are one, the third pd is connected with the multiple optical input ports through an optical waveguide. In this way, since the transmitted uplink optical signal is amplified, the loss of the uplink optical signal is reduced, and the difficulty in receiving the uplink optical signal by the local side device can be reduced.

In a possible implementation manner, the optical splitter further includes a coupler and an N-stage splitter, the N-stage splitter includes 2 ^N -1 splitters, the splitters are 1 × 2 splitters or 2 × 2 splitters, an i-stage splitter of the N-stage splitters includes 2 ^i-1 splitters, an i-stage splitter of the N-stage splitters is connected with an i + 1-stage splitter through an optical waveguide, the N-stage splitter is connected with a plurality of optical input ports, N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1, i is greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to N, the coupler includes a first end and a second end, the first end is connected with the optical amplifier through an optical waveguide, the second end is connected with the splitter of the m-stage splitter through an optical waveguide, wherein m is greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to N.

In one possible implementation, the plurality of third pds are 2 ^N-1 third pds, one of nth order splitters is disposed between each third pd and the optical input port, and the nth order splitters are connected to the nth-1 order splitters, so that since the nth-1 order splitters are further connected to the other optical splitting ports on the light output side of the nth order splitters, downlink optical signals can be transmitted from the nth-1 order splitters to the nth order splitters, and the same optical splitter can be used for uplink optical signal transmission and downlink optical signal transmission.

In a possible implementation, the optical splitter comprises a third pd. and further comprises 2 ^N fourth wdm ports, a multi-in dual-out section and N-stage optical splitters, wherein the N-stage optical splitters comprise 2 ^N -1 optical splitters, the optical splitters are 1 × 2 optical splitters or 2 × 2 optical splitters, the i-stage optical splitters comprise 2 ^i-1 optical splitters, the i-stage optical splitters and the i + 1-stage optical splitters are in optical waveguide connection, the N-stage optical splitters are in optical waveguide connection with the optical input ports, N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1, i is greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to N, the multi-in dual-out section comprises 2 ^N input ports and two output ports, a multi-in dual-out section and a fourth wdm section are sequentially arranged between the third pd and each optical input port, a multi-in dual-out section and a fourth wdm port are arranged between the third pd and each optical input port, and a multi-in dual-in optical splitter and a downstream optical amplifier is connected with each optical input port via a fourth wdm port, and a downstream optical amplifier is connected to the upstream optical splitter via a fourth wdm port 2 ^N.

In one possible implementation, the optical amplifier is a semiconductor amplifier; the optical splitter further comprises a fourth pd and a fifth wdm, the fourth pd being optically waveguided with the optical amplifier, the fourth pd being optically waveguided with the fifth wdm, the fifth wdm being optically waveguided with one optical output port, the fifth wdm being optically waveguided with the optical amplifier. Thus, providing a bias current for the optical amplifier or amplifying the electrical signal output by the third pd makes the intensity of the uplink optical signal output by the optical amplifier larger, and further makes it difficult for the central office equipment to recover the uplink optical signal.

in a possible implementation manner, the optical splitter further includes one or more sixth wdm(s), the number of sixth wdm(s) is the same as the number of optical output ports, the upstream optical output side of the first-stage optical splitter in the N-stage optical splitter includes two optical splitting ports, and the sixth wdm(s) is connected with one optical splitting port on the upstream optical output side of the first-stage optical splitter in the N-stage optical splitter through an optical waveguide; a sixth wdm is disposed between the optical amplifier and each optical output port. In this way, the downlink optical signal can be input through the optical output port of the uplink optical signal and output through the optical input port of the uplink optical signal.

In one possible implementation, the number of the optical output ports is two; an optical switch, a 1 × 2 optical splitter, or a 2 × 2 optical splitter is provided between the optical output port and the optical amplifier. Therefore, the number of the optical output ports is two, a main port and a standby port are provided, and the stability of the optical splitter is realized.

In one aspect, there is provided a method for transmitting an optical signal, the method being applied to the optical splitter described above, the method including: the third pd receives a third upstream optical signal through an optical input port; said third pd converting said third upstream optical signal to an electrical signal and transmitting said electrical signal to said optical amplifier; the optical amplifier receives a fourth uplink optical signal through an optical input port, amplifies the fourth uplink optical signal through the electrical signal, and outputs the fourth uplink optical signal through the optical output port.

in the solution shown in the embodiment of the present application, any uplink optical signal input by the optical splitter may be referred to as a third uplink optical signal, and for any optical output port, a third pd is connected, and after the third uplink optical signal is input through one optical output port by an external device of the optical splitter, the third uplink optical signal is transmitted to the connected third pd through an optical waveguide, so that the third pd may receive the third uplink optical signal. The third pd converts the third uplink optical signal into an electrical signal, and transmits the electrical signal to the optical amplifier, while the optical amplifier receives the fourth uplink optical signal from the optical input port, amplifies the fourth uplink optical signal by the electrical signal, and outputs the fourth uplink optical signal. Therefore, when the uplink optical signal is transmitted, the uplink optical signal is amplified by the optical amplifier, the loss is lower than that of the N-stage optical splitter, and even if the local-side equipment receives the optical signal suddenly, the intensity of the received optical signal is relatively high, so that the recovery difficulty is reduced.

In a possible implementation manner, the optical splitter further includes a coupler, 2 ^N first wavelength division multiplexers WDM and an N-stage optical splitter, and the optical amplifier receives a fourth uplink optical signal through an optical input port, and includes that the optical amplifier receives the fourth uplink optical signal obtained by coupling through the coupler, where the coupler receives the fourth uplink optical signal from the m-stage optical splitter.

According to the scheme shown in the embodiment of the application, the fourth uplink optical signal is input to the N-level optical splitter from the optical input port, is transmitted to the m-level optical splitter through the transmission from the nth-level optical splitter to the m + 1-level optical splitter in the N-level optical splitter, is output to the coupler for coupling, is output to the optical amplifier through the coupler, and is transmitted to the optical amplifier. In this way, the optical amplifier may receive the fourth uplink optical signal, and the same optical splitter may be used for transmission of the downlink optical signal and transmission of the uplink optical signal.

in a possible implementation manner, the optical splitter comprises a third pd, the optical splitter further comprises 2 ^N fourth wdm and a mimo component, the third pd receives a third uplink optical signal through the optical input port, and the method includes receiving a third uplink optical signal in a fifth uplink optical signal received from the fourth wdm by the mimo component, the fifth uplink optical signal is transmitted to the fourth wdm through the optical input port, receiving a fourth uplink optical signal through the optical input port by the optical amplifier, and the method further includes transmitting a downlink optical signal to the optical input port through the fourth wdm.

according to the scheme shown in the embodiment of the application, when the uplink optical signal is transmitted, the fifth uplink optical signal is transmitted to the connected fourth wdm through the optical input port, the fifth uplink optical signal is divided into two paths through the fourth wdm, one path is transmitted to the multi-input and multi-output component, and the other path is transmitted to the nth-stage optical splitter. This allows the strength of the upstream optical signal to the third pd and optical amplifier to be relatively high. When a downlink optical signal is transmitted, if an optical output port of an uplink optical signal is the same as an optical input port of a downlink optical signal and an optical input port of the uplink optical signal is the same as an optical output port of a downlink optical signal, the downlink optical signal is input from the optical output port of the uplink optical signal, input to the sixth wdm, output to the first-stage optical splitter of the N-stage optical splitter through the sixth wdm, output to the fourth wdm through the transmission of the N-stage optical splitter, and output to the optical input port of the uplink optical signal through the fourth wdm. If the optical output port of the uplink optical signal is different from the optical input port of the downlink optical signal, but the optical input port of the uplink optical signal is the same as the optical output port of the downlink optical signal, the downlink optical signal is input from the optical output port of the downlink optical signal, input to the first-stage optical splitter of the N-stage optical splitter, transmitted by the N-stage optical splitter, output to the fourth wdm, and output to the optical input port of the uplink optical signal through the fourth wdm. Thus, the optical splitter can be used for both the uplink optical signal and the downlink optical signal.

In one possible implementation, the optical amplifier is a semiconductor amplifier, and the optical splitter further includes a fourth pd and a fifth wdm; the method further comprises the following steps: and the fourth pd receiving local side equipment converts the target optical signal into an electrical signal through the target optical signal transmitted by the fifth wdm, and transmits the electrical signal to the optical amplifier, so as to provide a bias current for the optical amplifier or amplify the electrical signal received by the optical amplifier and provided by the third pd.

In the embodiment of the present application, the fourth pd may be connected to the fifth wdm through an optical waveguide, the fifth wdm is connected to an optical output port, the fifth wdm is further connected to an optical amplifier, the optical output port may be connected to a local side device, and the local side device may provide an optical signal (which may be referred to as a target optical signal subsequently) with a wavelength different from that of the uplink optical signal and the downlink optical signal, for example, 980nm or 1700 nm. And the target optical signal is transmitted to the fourth pd through the fifth wdm, and the fourth pd can convert the target optical signal into an electrical signal and transmit the electrical signal to the optical amplifier after receiving the electrical signal. The optical amplifier may be used as a bias current after receiving the electrical signal, or may amplify the received electrical signal provided by the third pd. In this way, the intensity of the fourth uplink optical signal after the amplification process can be made higher.

In one possible implementation, the optical splitter further includes one or more sixth wdm; the outputting through the optical output port includes: and outputting the amplified fourth uplink optical signal to an optical output port through the sixth wdm. The method further comprises the following steps: and transmitting the downlink optical signal to the first-stage optical splitter through the sixth wdm.

according to the scheme shown in the embodiment of the application, the fourth uplink optical signal after amplification processing can be transmitted from the optical amplifier to the optical output port, and the downlink optical signal is input from the optical output port of the uplink optical signal, is input to the first-stage optical splitter through the sixth wdm, and is transmitted to the optical input port of the uplink optical signal through the transmission of the N-stage optical splitter to be output.

the beneficial effects brought by the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the application at least comprise:

in this embodiment of the present application, when an uplink optical signal is transmitted, the first pd receives a first uplink optical signal through the optical input port, the first pd converts the first uplink optical signal into an electrical signal, transmits the electrical signal to the laser, and the laser converts the electrical signal into a second uplink optical signal and outputs the second uplink optical signal through the optical output port. Therefore, when the uplink optical signal is transmitted, the uplink optical signal is reconstructed through the laser without passing through the N-level optical splitter, and the loss is lower than that of the N-level optical splitter, so that even if the optical signal is received by the local-side device in a burst mode, the recovery difficulty is reduced because the intensity of the received optical signal is high.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a diagram of a pon system provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

Fig. 2 is a block diagram of an optical splitter with a split ratio of 1 × 2 ^N provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

fig. 3 is a block diagram of an optical splitter with a split ratio of 2 x 2 ^N provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

Fig. 4 is a schematic spectroscopic diagram of a 2 x 2 optical splitter provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

Fig. 5 is a block diagram of an optical splitter provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

Fig. 6 is a block diagram of an optical splitter provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

Fig. 7 is a block diagram of an optical splitter provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

Fig. 8 is a block diagram of an optical splitter provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

Fig. 9 is a block diagram of an optical splitter provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

fig. 10 is a block diagram of an optical splitter as provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

Fig. 11 is a block diagram of an optical splitter provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

fig. 12 is a block diagram of an optical splitter provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

Fig. 13 is a block diagram of an optical splitter provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 14 is a flowchart illustrating a method for transmitting an optical signal according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

fig. 15 is a block diagram of an optical splitter provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

fig. 16 is a block diagram of an optical splitter provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

fig. 17 is a block diagram of an optical splitter provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

Fig. 18 is a block diagram of an optical splitter provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

Fig. 19 is a block diagram of an optical splitter provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

Fig. 20 is a block diagram of an optical splitter as provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

Fig. 21 is a block diagram of an optical splitter provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

Fig. 22 is a block diagram of an optical splitter as provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

Fig. 23 is a flowchart illustrating a method for transmitting an optical signal according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application.

Description of the drawings

Optical input port 1 and optical output port 2

Laser 3 first pd4

second wdm6 of class N amplifier 5

First wdm7 first pd8

Third wdm 91 x 2 splitter 10

third pd12 of optical amplifier 11

Fourth wdm14 of coupler 13

multiple input double output device 15 fourth pd16

Fifth wdm17 sixth wdm18

Detailed Description

To make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more clear, embodiments of the present application will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

to facilitate understanding of the embodiments of the present application, a system architecture related to the embodiments of the present application and concepts related to the terms are first described below.

The optical splitter related to the application can be suitable for pon, and a pon system structure is shown in fig. 1 and consists of three parts: olt, an optical distribution network odn, an optical network unit onu or an optical network terminal ont, where the optical distribution network is generally divided into four parts, namely, an optical splitter, a trunk fiber, a distribution fiber, and a branch fiber, where the distribution fiber and the branch fiber may be collectively referred to as a branch fiber, and fig. 1 is a structural diagram of an optical distribution network with two-stage light splitting, and only the trunk fiber and the branch fiber are used for an optical distribution network with only one-stage light splitting. In addition olt the left side may be connected to a core network or the like.

Currently representative pons are gigabit passive optical network (gpon), ethernet passive optical network (epon), 10G gigabit passive optical network (10G (systematic) passive optical network, xg(s) -pon), 10G ethernet passive optical network (10G ethernet passive optical network, 10G epon), single wave 25G epon, 2 x 25 geon, single wave 50G epon, 2 x 50G epon, and 100G epon, xgpon, twdmpon, or other types of gpon, and the like. Xg(s) -pon and 10G epon can be collectively referred to as 10G pon.

In a pon system, uplink and downlink optical signals can be transmitted in the same optical fiber, as shown in fig. 1, the downlink direction is olt to ont, the wavelength in the downlink direction is λ 1, and the pon system operates in a time division multiplexing (tmd) manner, data sent by olt is broadcasted to all branch optical fibers, and all ont can be reached, ont can resolve own data from received data, the uplink direction is ont to olt, the wavelength is λ 2, and the pon system operates in a time division multiple access manner, and ont performs data transmission only in a slot authorized by olt. Likewise, the uplink and downlink optical signals may be transmitted using different optical fibers, respectively.

The gpon system adopts 1310nm wavelength for uplink, 1490nm wavelength for downlink, 1270nm wavelength for uplink, and 1577nm wavelength for downlink.

Fig. 2 shows a schematic diagram of an optical splitter with a splitting ratio of 1 × 2 ^N (N ═ 1,2, …), "1" indicates that an upstream optical signal has one optical output port output and a downstream optical signal has one optical input port input, "2 ^N" indicates that an upstream optical signal has 2 ^N optical input ports input and a downstream optical signal has 2 ^N optical output ports output, the optical splitter of 1 × 2 ^N is configured by N stages of optical splitters, the first stage has 1 optical splitter 11 of 1 × 2, the second stage has 2 optical splitters 21 and 22 of 1 × 2, the nth stage has 2 optical splitters of 1 × 2 of 2 ^N-1, i.e., N1 to NX, X is equal to 2 ^N-1, and one end of the optical splitter of 1 × 2 ^N has only one port C2 (optical output port for an upstream optical signal, optical input port for a downstream optical signal), the other end has 2 optical input ports (P ^N, P7342, and P1 for an upstream optical signal, P68584).

Fig. 3 shows a schematic diagram of an optical splitter with a splitting ratio of 2 × 2 ^N (N × 1,2, …), "2" indicates that an upstream optical signal has two optical output ports and a downstream optical signal has two optical input ports, and "2 ^N" indicates that an upstream optical signal has 2 ^N optical input ports and a downstream optical signal has 2 ^N optical output ports and 2 × 2 ^N is configured by N-stage optical splitters, the first stage has 12 × 2 optical splitter 11, the second stage has 2 × 2 optical splitters 21 and optical splitters 22, the nth stage has 2 × 2 optical splitters N1 to NX, X equals 2 ^N-1,2 × 2 ^N has only two ports C38 and C2 (optical output ports for an upstream optical signal and optical input ports for a downstream optical signal), the other end has two optical input ports P ^N, and P ^N for a backup optical protection port, and P638 is used for a backup optical protection scene (optical backup optical protection port for an upstream optical signal 638 and a backup optical protection port 638).

In the optical splitter shown in fig. 2, the basic unit is 1 × 2 optical splitter, and if the optical splitter 1 × 2 is an equal ratio optical splitter (when the optical splitter is equal ratio optical splitter, the optical splitter to which the optical splitter belongs is equal ratio optical splitter), the optical signal input from any one port on the right side of the optical splitter (which may be referred to as an optical splitting port hereinafter) is 1/2 of the optical signal power input from the right port, regardless of extra loss, because there are two ports inside the optical splitter 1 × 2, and the optical signal input from the right side is split by half, although two ports are not shown on the left side, and therefore the optical signal output from the left port is 1/2 of the optical signal power input from the right port. If the optical splitter 1 x 2 is not an equal-ratio optical splitter (when the optical splitter is an unequal-ratio optical splitter, the optical splitter to which the optical splitter belongs is also an unequal-ratio optical splitter), the optical signal input from any one port on the right side of the optical splitter, regardless of the extra loss, the output optical signal of any one port on the left side is the power of the input optical signal on the right side multiplied by the optical splitting ratio of the port on the left side. For example, the left port includes an a port and a B port (the B port is an internal port not shown), the split ratio of the a port is 1/3, the split ratio of the B port is 2/3, then the power of the optical signal output by the left a port is equal to the product of 1/3 and the power of the right input optical signal, and the power of the optical signal output by the left B port is equal to the product of 2/3 and the power of the right input optical signal.

In the optical splitter shown in fig. 3, the basic unit is 2 × 2 optical splitters, and if the 2 × 2 optical splitters are equal-ratio optical splitters (when the optical splitters are equal-ratio optical splitters, the optical splitters to which they belong are also equal-ratio optical splitters), the optical signals input from any one of the right ports of the optical splitters are 1/2 of the optical signal power input from the right port, regardless of extra loss. If the 2 × 2 optical splitter is not an equal-ratio optical splitter (when the optical splitter is an unequal-ratio optical splitter, the optical splitter to which the optical splitter belongs is also an unequal-ratio optical splitter), the optical signal input from any one port on the right side of the optical splitter, regardless of the extra loss, is the optical signal output from any one port on the left side multiplied by the power of the input optical signal on the right side by the optical splitting ratio of the port on the left side. For example, the left port includes a C port and a D port, the split ratio of the C port is 1/4, and the split ratio of the D port is 3/4, then the optical signal power output by the left C port is equal to 1/4 times the power of the right input optical signal, and the optical signal power output by the left D port is equal to 3/4 times the power of the right input optical signal.

In the case of a 2 × 2 splitter, only one of the two ports on the left side of the splitter is connected to the splitter on the previous stage, and therefore the other port is in an idle state.

As shown in fig. 4, the optical splitter 2 by 2 is an equal ratio optical splitter, the optical splitter 2 by 2 has two ports L1 and L2 on the left side and two ports R1 and R2 on the right side, and if the extra loss of the optical splitter 2 by 2 is not considered, 50% of the optical signal input from the right side R1 is output from L1 and 50% of the optical signal is output from L2 after passing through the optical splitter 2 by 2.

As can be seen from the above analysis, in the pon system, for the optical splitters of 2 × 2 ^N or 1 × 2 ^N, in the case of the optical splitters including the equal-ratio optical splitter, only 0.5 ^N of the upstream optical signal input from any optical input port on the right side of the optical splitter is output from the optical output port on the left side of the optical splitter after passing through the N-stage optical splitters (the cascaded 2 × 2 optical splitters and/or 1 × 2 optical splitters), for example, in the case of the optical splitter of 1 × 2 ⁶, only 1/64 of the upstream optical signal received from any optical input port on the right side of the optical splitter can be output from the optical output port on the left side, the equivalent loss is 18dB — 10 log ₁₀ ^(1/64) N3N, the ideal loss of each optical splitter of 1 × 2 or 2dB 2 is 3dB, the engineering loss of 2 × 2 or 1 × 2 optical splitter is mostly 3dB, and therefore, the upstream optical splitter is generally designed to transmit a low loss, such as 64 dB.

similarly, in the case of the optical splitter of 2 × 2 ^N or the optical splitter of 1 × 2 ^N in the pon system, in the case of the optical splitter including the optical splitter that is an unequal-ratio optical splitter, after an upstream optical signal input from any optical input port on the right side of the optical splitter passes through the N-stage optical splitter (the cascaded optical splitter of 2 × 2 and/or the optical splitter of 1 × 2), only an optical signal of the power of the upstream optical signal input by X is output from the optical output port on the left side of the optical splitter, and X is equal to the product of the optical splitting ratios of the ports passing through each stage of the N-stage optical splitter.

The present embodiments provide an optical splitter that may include a plurality of optical input ports 1, one or more optical output ports 2, a laser 3, one or more first pds 4, as shown in fig. 5. The laser 3 may be a laser diode or the like, the optical input port 1 is an input port of an uplink optical signal, the optical output port 2 is an output port of the uplink optical signal, multiple uplink optical signals may be input through the plurality of optical input ports 1 in the optical splitter, when there is one optical output port 2, there is one uplink optical signal output, when there are a plurality of optical output ports 2, there is only one optical output port 2 in an operating state, and the others are backup, so there is only one uplink optical signal output at the same time. When the number of the first pds 4 is multiple, the number of the first pds 4 and the number of the optical input ports 1 may be the same, each first pd4 is connected to one optical input port 1 through an optical waveguide, and the optical input ports 1 connected to each first pd4 are different, or the number of the first pds 4 is half of the number of the optical input ports 1, each first pd4 is connected to two optical input ports 1, and the optical input ports 1 connected to each first pd4 are different, and when the number of the first pds 4 is one, the first pd4 is connected to the optical input ports 1 through an optical waveguide.

The laser 3 may be optically waveguide connected to one or more optical output ports 2, the laser 3 also being electrically connected to one or more first pds 4.

thus, the uplink optical signals inputted through each optical input port 1 are converted into electrical signals through the first pd4, and then enter the laser 3 to be converted into optical signals, and then outputted through the optical output port 2, thereby realizing reconstruction of the uplink optical signals.

Optionally, as shown in fig. 6, the optical splitter may further include an N-stage optical splitter 5, where the N-stage optical splitter 5 includes 2 ^N -1 optical splitters, and the 2 ^N -1 optical splitters may all be 2 × 2 optical splitters, and may also be a combination of 1 × 2 optical splitters and 2 × 2 optical splitters (the nth-stage optical splitter is a 2 × 2 optical splitter), any one-stage optical splitter of the N-stage optical splitter 5 may be referred to as an i-stage optical splitter, and the i-stage optical splitter may include 2 ^i-1 optical splitters, and the i-stage optical splitter is connected to the i + 1-stage optical splitter by optical waveguides, where N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1, i is greater than or equal to 1, and is less than or equal to N.

Assuming that the i-th optical splitter is a 1 × 2 optical splitter, the i + 1-th optical splitter is a 2 × 2 optical splitter, there are two optical splitting ports on the upstream optical outgoing side of each optical splitter in the i + 1-th optical splitter, and the upstream optical incoming side is also two optical splitting ports, there is one optical splitting port on the upstream optical outgoing side of each optical splitter in the i-th optical splitter, and there are two optical splitting ports on the upstream optical incoming side, and in the two optical splitting ports on the upstream optical outgoing side of one optical splitter in the i + 1-th stage, each optical splitting port is connected to one optical splitting port on the upstream optical incoming side of one optical splitter in the i-th stage, and the optical splitters to which the connected optical splitting ports belong are different, since the i-th stage optical splitter is 2 ^i-1 optical splitters, the i + 1-th optical splitter is 2 ⁱ optical splitters, the upstream optical signals output by 2 ⁱ optical splitters in the i + 1-th optical splitter are 2 ⁱ⁺¹, and the i + 1-th optical splitter can input into 2 optical splitter, so that the i + 1-th optical splitter is 4625.

Assuming that each optical splitter in the nth stage optical splitter of the N-stage optical splitter 5 is a 2 × 2 optical splitter, the upstream optical ingress side may include two optical splitting ports, each optical splitting port is connected to one optical input port 1, and the connected optical input ports 1 are different, the upstream optical egress side may include two optical splitting ports (i.e., a first optical splitting port and a second optical splitting port), the first optical splitting port of the nth stage optical splitter and one first pd4 are connected through an optical waveguide, and the first pd4 connected to each first optical splitting port is different, and the second optical splitting port of each optical splitter and one optical splitting port of the nth-1 stage optical splitter are connected through an optical waveguide, and the optical splitting ports of the nth-1 stage optical splitter connected to each second optical splitting port are different. Thus, the upstream optical signal can be input from optical input port 1 to the nth order splitter and then to the first pd4 via the nth order splitter. And because the other optical splitting port on the light outgoing side of the Nth optical splitter is also connected with the Nth-1-level optical splitter, a downlink optical signal can be transmitted from the Nth-1-level optical splitter to the Nth optical splitter for output. In this case, since two optical input ports 1 are connected to one of the nth order splitters and each first pd4 is connected to one of the nth order splitters, it can be said that the first pd4 is connected to two optical input ports 1. In this case, it is equivalent that each first pd4 is connected to two optical input ports 1.

Thus, if the optical splitter is also used for the transmission of the downlink optical signal, the optical output port 2 of the uplink optical signal and the optical input port of the downlink optical signal may use different ports, that is, the optical input port of the downlink optical signal is connected to the optical splitting port on the downlink light incident side of the first-stage optical splitter through an optical waveguide. Thus, the downstream optical signal can be input from the downstream optical input port of the optical splitter, and after passing through the N-stage optical splitter, the downstream optical signal can be output through the optical input port 1 of the upstream optical signal.

Corresponding to the optical splitter in fig. 6, the transmission path of the uplink optical signal is: the optical signal is input from the optical input port 1 to the nth splitter, output to the first pd4 through the nth splitter, converted into an electrical signal through the first pd4, input to the laser 3, and the laser 3 outputs a second uplink optical signal to the optical output port 2. The transmission path of the downlink optical signal is as follows: the downlink optical signal is input from the optical input port of the downlink optical signal, transmitted to the first-stage optical splitter, transmitted by the N-stage optical splitter 5, and output through the optical input port 1 of the uplink optical signal.

alternatively, for the optical splitter in fig. 6, in order to make the optical splitter applicable to the transmission of the uplink optical signal and the downlink optical signal, as shown in fig. 7, the optical splitter (only one second wdm6 is shown in fig. 7) may further include one or more second wdm6, the number of the second wdm6 is the same as the number of the optical output ports 2, the second wdm6 is connected with one optical splitting port on the upstream optical outgoing side of the first stage optical splitter of the N-stage optical splitter 5 (the upstream optical outgoing side of the first stage optical splitter includes two optical splitting ports), for example, the number of the optical output ports 2 is 2, and the number of the second wdm6 is 2, so that each second wdm6 is connected with one optical splitting port of the first stage optical splitter, and the connected optical splitting ports are different. A second wdm6 is provided between the laser 3 and each optical output port 2, i.e. a second wdm6 can be connected to one of the optical ports of the first stage splitter with the optical input port 1, the laser 3 and the N-stage splitter 5. Thus, the second wdm6 is used to multiplex and demultiplex the uplink optical signal and the downlink optical signal, and the uplink optical signal and the downlink optical signal can be transmitted through the same port of the optical splitter, that is, the downlink optical signal is transmitted through the optical input port 1 and the optical output port 2.

When a downlink optical signal is transmitted, the optical output port 2 is an optical input port for an optical downlink optical signal, and the optical input port 1 is an optical output port for a downlink optical signal.

Since the upstream optical signal and the downstream optical signal have different wavelengths, the upstream optical signal and the downstream optical signal can be output through the optical output port 2 and can be input to the N-stage optical splitter 5 by using the second wdm 6.

Corresponding to the optical splitter in fig. 7, the transmission path of the uplink optical signal is: the optical signal is input from the optical input port 1 to the nth splitter, output to the first pd4 through the nth splitter, converted into an electrical signal through the first pd4, input to the laser 3, and output from the laser 3 as a second uplink optical signal, output to the optical output port 2 through the second wdm6, and output. The transmission path of the downlink optical signal is as follows: the downlink optical signal is input from the optical output port 2 of the uplink optical signal, transmitted to the first-stage optical splitter through the second wdm6, transmitted through the N-stage optical splitter 5, and output through the optical input port 1 of the uplink optical signal.

In the optical splitters shown in fig. 6 and 7, when the N-th optical splitter 5 is a 1 × 2 optical splitter, the upstream optical output side of the nth optical splitter includes only one optical splitting port, and the optical splitting port is connected to the first PD4, and therefore cannot be connected to the nth-1 st optical splitting port, and therefore cannot be used for downstream transmission. In this case, if the optical splitter is used for downstream transmission, the optical splitting port on the upstream optical outgoing side of the nth-stage optical splitter may be switched to be connected with the nth-1-stage optical splitter.

corresponding to fig. 7, the present embodiment further provides a loss of the uplink optical signal, when the first uplink optical signal input through one optical input port 1 passes through the N-stage 2 x 2 splitter when the N-stage 2 x 2 splitter is equal-proportion split, the signal power attenuation is about N x 3dB, that is, only the first uplink optical signal of 1/2 ^N is output from the optical output port 2, wherein the first uplink optical signal of 1/2 is received by the first pd4 and is reconstructed into the second uplink optical signal by the laser 3, and the second uplink optical signal is output from the optical output port 2, when the first pd8 has an optical conversion efficiency log _oe (generally greater than 90%), the laser 3 has a conversion efficiency η _eo (generally greater than 20%), the second uplink optical signal is output from the optical output port 2 when the second uplink optical signal is output from the optical output port 2, the loss of the uplink signal is about-10 pd27 (₁₀), that when the first uplink optical signal passes through the N-stage 2 splitter when the N-stage 2 splitter is equal-proportion split, the N-proportion split, the first uplink optical signal passes through the N-fraction optical output port 2 splitter 5 splitter, the N-fraction optical output port 2 splitter (generally equal-proportion split), the first uplink optical signal is equivalent-equivalent optical signal when the first uplink signal (log) is output as log 35, the first uplink signal, the first uplink optical output signal of the equivalent optical output port 2 splitter, the equivalent-proportion split, the equivalent optical signal of the equivalent optical output port 2 splitter, the equivalent optical output of the equivalent optical output port 2, the equivalent optical output of the equivalent optical output port 2 splitter when the equivalent optical output of the second uplink signal of the equivalent optical splitter when the equivalent optical output port 2, the equivalent optical splitter (generally greater than the equivalent optical output of the equivalent optical output port of the equivalent optical output of the equivalent optical splitter, the equivalent optical splitter when the uplink optical output port of the uplink optical splitter when the uplink optical splitter (generally greater than the uplink optical splitter, the uplink optical signal of the uplink optical splitter, the equivalent optical output port 2, the uplink optical splitter, the equivalent optical splitter when the equivalent splitter when the uplink optical splitter, the uplink optical splitter when the.

optionally, as shown in fig. 8, in the embodiment of the present application, the plurality of first pds 4 in the optical splitter is 2 ^N first pds 4, the optical splitter may further include N-stage optical splitters 5 and 2 ^N first wdm7, the N-stage optical splitter 5 includes 2 ^N -1 optical splitters, the 2 ^N -1 optical splitters may all be 1 × 2 optical splitters, 2 × 2 optical splitters, or a combination of 1 × 2 optical splitters and 2 × 2 optical splitters, any one stage optical splitter of the N-stage optical splitters may be referred to as an i-th stage optical splitter, the i-th stage optical splitter may include 2 ^i-1 optical splitters, the i-th stage optical splitter and the i + 1-th stage optical splitter are connected by an optical waveguide, N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1, i is greater than or equal to 1, and is less than or equal to N-stage optical splitters, so that the N-stage optical splitters are cascaded.

Each of the N-th order splitters is a 1 x 2 splitter or a 2 x 2 splitter, the upstream optical side of each of the N-th order splitters may include two splitter ports, i.e., a third splitter port and a fourth splitter port, each of the first wdm7 of the 2 ^N first wdm7 is connected to the third splitter port or the fourth splitter port of one of the N-th order splitters by optical waveguides, and the third splitter port and the fourth splitter port of each of the N-th order splitters are connected to one first wdm7, each of the first wdm7 is connected to one optical input port 1 by optical waveguides, and the optical input port 1 connected to each of the first wdm7 is different, the first wdm7 is connected to one first pd4 by optical waveguides, and the first pd4 connected to each of the first wdm7 is different, such that for each of the first wdm ports from the first wdm 4 to the first pd 6857, the first pd 7384 is connected to one of the first transmission lines via one first wdm 387373, and the first wdm7 is considered as being connected to one of the first pd 6384.

Thus, if the optical splitter is also used for the transmission of the downlink optical signal, the optical output port 2 of the uplink optical signal and the optical input port of the downlink optical signal may use different ports, that is, the optical input port of the downlink optical signal is connected to the optical splitting port on the downlink light incident side of the first-stage optical splitter through an optical waveguide. Thus, the downstream optical signal is input from the downstream optical input port of the optical splitter, passes through the N-stage optical splitter 5, passes through the first wdm7, and is output through the upstream optical input port 1.

corresponding to the optical splitter in fig. 8, the transmission path of the uplink optical signal is: the optical signal is input from the optical input port 1 to the first wdm7, is input to the first pd4 through the first wdm7, is converted into an electrical signal through the first pd4, is input to the laser 3, and the laser 3 outputs an uplink optical signal to the optical output port 2 for output. The transmission path of the downlink optical signal is as follows: the downlink optical signal is input from the optical input port of the downlink optical signal, transmitted to the first-stage optical splitter, transmitted to the first wdm7 through the N-stage optical splitter 5, and output to the optical input port 1 of the uplink optical signal through the first wdm 7.

Alternatively, for the optical splitter in fig. 8, in order to enable the optical splitter to be applied to the transmission of uplink optical signals and also to the transmission of downlink optical signals, as shown in fig. 9, the optical splitter (only one second wdm6 is shown in fig. 9) may further include one or more second wdm6, the number of the second wdm6 is the same as the number of the optical output ports 2, each second wdm6 is connected with one optical splitting port on the uplink optical output side of the first stage optical splitter of the N-stage optical splitter 5 through an optical waveguide, each second wdm6 is connected with a different optical splitting port, one second wdm6 is disposed between the laser 3 and each optical output port 2, that is, the second wdm6 may be connected with the optical input port 1, the laser 3 and the first stage optical splitter of the N-stage optical splitter 5. Thus, the second wdm6 is used to multiplex and demultiplex the uplink optical signal and the downlink optical signal, and the uplink optical signal and the downlink optical signal can be transmitted through the same port of the optical splitter, that is, the downlink optical signal is transmitted through the optical input port 1 and the optical output port 2.

When transmitting a downlink optical signal, the optical output port 2 is an optical input port for the downlink optical signal, and the optical input port 1 is an optical output port for the downlink optical signal.

Corresponding to the optical splitter in fig. 9 (only one second wdm6 is shown in fig. 9), the transmission paths of the uplink optical signals are: the optical signal is input from the optical input port 1 to the first wdm7, is input to the first pd4 through the first wdm7, is converted into an electrical signal through the first pd4, is input to the laser 3, and the laser 3 outputs an uplink optical signal and is output to the optical output port 2 through the second wdm 6. The transmission path of the downlink optical signal is as follows: the downlink optical signal is input from the optical output port 2 of the uplink optical signal, transmitted to the first splitter through the second wdm6, transmitted to the first wdm7 through the N-stage splitter 5, output to the optical input port 1 of the uplink optical signal through the first wdm7, and output.

For the optical splitter of fig. 8 and 9, since the first uplink optical signal is directly connected to the first pd4 through the first wdm7 without passing through the nth splitter, the intensity of the first uplink optical signal received by the first pd4 is increased by 3dB (since the attenuation of the first wdm7 is generally small, the attenuation of the first wdm7 is not considered here), and then the intensity of the second uplink optical signal reconstructed by the laser 3 is also increased by 3dB, and an additional gain of 3dB can be obtained.

Alternatively, as shown in fig. 10, the optical splitter may include one first pd4, the first pd4 includes 2 ^N input ports for optical signals and one output port for electrical signals, the optical splitter further includes 2 ^N first wdm7, each first wdm7 is connected to one optical input port 1 for uplink optical signals through optical waveguides, and the optical input ports 1 connected to each first wdm7 are different, each first wdm7 is also connected to the input port for one optical signal of the first pd4 through optical waveguides, and the first pd4 connected to each first wdm7 is different, each first wdm7 is also connected to one optical splitting port on the uplink optical side of one optical splitter in the nth stage optical splitter, the uplink optical side of each optical splitter in the nth stage optical splitter includes two optical splitting ports, and each first wdm7 is connected to a different optical splitting port, which is equivalent to that each optical splitter in the nth stage optical splitter is connected to two first wdm 7.

Thus, if the optical splitter is also used for the transmission of the downlink optical signal, the optical output port 2 of the uplink optical signal and the optical input port 1 of the downlink optical signal may be different ports, that is, the optical input port of the downlink optical signal may be connected to the optical splitting port on the downlink optical input side of the first-stage optical splitter through an optical waveguide. Thus, the downstream optical signal is input from the downstream optical input port of the optical splitter, passes through the N-stage optical splitter 5, and is output through the upstream optical input port 1.

Corresponding to fig. 10, the transmission paths of the uplink optical signal are: an upstream optical signal is input from the optical input port 1, is input to the first pd4 through the first wdm7 connected thereto, is converted into an electrical signal through the first pd4, and is output to the laser 3, and the laser 3 generates an upstream optical signal and outputs the upstream optical signal through the optical output port 2. The transmission path of the downlink optical signal is as follows: the downlink optical signal is input from the downlink optical input/output port, passes through the N-stage optical splitter 5, is output to the first wdm7, and is output through the uplink optical signal optical input port 1.

Corresponding to the optical splitter in fig. 10, in order to make the optical splitter applicable to the transmission of the uplink optical signal and the downlink optical signal, as shown in fig. 11, one or more second wdm6 may be further included in the optical splitter, the number of the second wdm6 is the same as the number of the optical output ports 2, each second wdm6 is connected to one optical drop port on the uplink optical output side of the first stage optical splitter of the N-stage optical splitter 5 through an optical waveguide (the uplink optical output side of the first stage optical splitter includes two optical drop ports), and the connected optical drop ports are different, so that the number of the second wdm is defined to be 2, one second wdm6 is provided between the laser 3 and each optical output port 2, that is, the second wdm6 may be connected to the optical input port 1, the laser 3, and the first stage optical splitter of the N-stage optical splitter 5. Thus, the second wdm6 is used to multiplex and demultiplex the uplink optical signal and the downlink optical signal, and the uplink optical signal and the downlink optical signal can be transmitted through the same port of the optical splitter, that is, the downlink optical signal is transmitted through the optical output port 2.

In fig. 11, it is assumed that the number of the second wdm6 and the number of the optical output ports 2 are both 2, and each of the second wdm6 is connected to one optical output port 2, two optical splitting ports on the upstream optical outgoing side of the first stage optical splitter, and the laser 3.

Corresponding to fig. 11, the transmission paths of the uplink optical signal are: an upstream optical signal is input from the optical input port 1, is input to the first pd4 through the first wdm7 connected thereto, is converted into an electrical signal through the first pd4, and is output to the laser 3, and the laser 3 generates an upstream optical signal and outputs the upstream optical signal through the optical output port 2. The transmission path of the downlink optical signal is as follows: the downlink optical signal is input from the uplink optical output port 2, transmitted to the first stage optical splitter through the second wdm6, output to the first wdm7 through the N-stage optical splitter 5, and output through the uplink optical input port 1.

alternatively, the optical splitter may comprise a first pd4, the first pd4 comprises 2 ^N-1 input ports for optical signals and an output port for electrical signals, the first pd4 is connected to one optical splitter port on the upstream optical output side of each optical splitter in the nth stage optical splitter through optical waveguides, so that the upstream optical signals can be transmitted from the optical input port 1 to the nth stage optical splitter, transmitted to the first pd4 through the nth stage optical splitter, converted into electrical signals through the first pd4, and output to the laser 3 for the laser 3 to generate upstream optical signals, and output through the optical output port 2. similarly, in order that the optical splitter can be applied to the transmission of upstream and downstream optical signals, one or more second wdm6 may be included in the optical splitter, the number of second wdm6 is the same as the number of optical output ports 2, each of the second wdm6 and the number of the upstream optical splitter ports on the optical output side of the first stage optical splitter are different from the number of the optical splitter ports of the upstream optical signal, and the downstream optical signal can be transmitted through optical waveguides, so that the number of the upstream and downstream optical signal ports of the optical splitters is different from the number of the optical splitter ports of the first wdm 463, and the optical splitter ports of the optical splitter 465, so that the upstream optical signal is defined by the optical splitter ports of the optical splitter port 5 and the optical signal 463, and the optical splitter ports of the optical signal 465.

Alternatively, for the optical splitter shown in fig. 5 to 11, in the embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 12 (adding the second pd8 and the third wdm9 to fig. 7), the optical splitter may further include an additional second pd8 and a third wdm9, where the second pd8 is connected to the third wdm9 through an optical waveguide, the third wdm9 is connected to one optical output port 2 through an optical waveguide, the third wdm9 is connected to the laser 3 through an optical waveguide, and the second pd8 is electrically connected to the laser 3. When the optical output port 2 is connected to a local device such as olt, the local device can transmit an optical signal to the second pd8 through the optical output port 2 and the third wdm9, convert the optical signal into an electrical signal through the second pd8, and transmit the electrical signal to the laser 3 for providing a bias current for the laser 3 or amplifying a driving signal of the laser 3, where the driving signal of the laser 3 is the electrical signal output by the first pd 4.

the optical signal provided by the office device has a different wavelength from the uplink optical signal and the downlink optical signal, and may be 980nm or 1700nm, for example.

It should be noted that fig. 12 is added to fig. 7, and may also be modified in the structure of other optical splitters, for example, added to fig. 8 and 9, and the principle is similar, and is not described again here.

Optionally, in the optical splitter shown in fig. 5 to 12, there may be two optical output ports 2 of the optical splitter, where the two optical output ports 2 are a main port and a standby port, and an optical switch is further disposed between the laser 3 and the optical output port 2 so that an uplink optical signal transmitted by the laser 3 can be transmitted to the optical output port 2, and when the main port is used, the laser 3 is connected to the main port through the optical switch, so that the uplink optical signal is transmitted to the main port and does not reach the standby port. Alternatively, as shown in fig. 13, a 1 × 2 optical splitter 10 is further disposed between the laser 3 and the optical output ports 2, two optical splitting ports on the light emitting side of the 1 × 2 optical splitter 10 are respectively connected to the two optical output ports 2, and one optical splitting port on the light incident side is connected to the laser 3, so that the laser 3 can transmit an uplink optical signal to the two optical output ports 2, and when the main port is used, the main port is used for outputting, and when the standby port is used, the standby port is used for outputting. Or, a 2 × 2 optical splitter is further disposed between the laser 3 and the optical output ports 2, two optical splitting ports on the light exit side of the 2 × 2 optical splitter are respectively connected to the two optical output ports 2, and one optical splitting port on the light entrance side is connected to the laser 3.

It should be noted that fig. 13 is the optical splitter 10 with 1 × 2 added to fig. 11, and may also be added to the structure diagram of other splitters, for example, in the optical splitter of fig. 7, the number of optical output ports is 2, each optical output port 2 is connected to one second wdm6, each second wdm6 is further connected to a different optical splitting port on the upstream optical outgoing side of the first-stage splitter through an optical waveguide, and is further connected to two optical splitting ports on the optical outgoing side of the optical splitter 10 of 1 × 2, the laser 3 is connected to an optical splitting port on the upstream optical incoming side of the optical splitter 10 of 1 × 2, and the manner of adding an optical splitter of 1 × 2 to the structure of other optical splitters is similar thereto, and will not be described again here.

It should be noted that since the wavelengths of the uplink optical signal and the downlink optical signal are different, the downlink optical signal can be output through the optical input port 1 using the first wdm7, and the uplink optical signal can be input into the first pd 4.

In the embodiment of the present application, the optical splitter includes a plurality of optical input ports 1, one or more optical output ports 2, a laser 3, and one or more first optical-to-electrical converters pd4, where the laser 3 is connected to the one or more optical output ports 2 through an optical waveguide, the laser 3 is electrically connected to the one or more first pd4, and when the first pd4 is plural, the first pd4 is connected to the optical output ports 2 through an optical waveguide in a one-to-one correspondence manner, or each first pd4 is connected to two optical output ports 2, and the connected optical output ports 2 are different, and when the first pd4 is one, the first pd4 is connected to the plurality of optical input ports 1. In this way, when the uplink optical signal is transmitted, the uplink optical signal is reconstructed by the laser 3, but the loss of the uplink optical signal is lower than that of the N-stage optical splitter 5 without passing through the N-stage optical splitter 5, so even if the optical signal is received by the office device suddenly, the difficulty of recovering the uplink data is reduced because the intensity of the received optical signal is relatively high.

For the optical splitter shown in fig. 5 to 13, another embodiment of the present application further provides a method for transmitting an optical signal using the optical splitter, as shown in fig. 14, the method may be performed as follows:

In step 1401, a first pd4 receives a first upstream optical signal via optical input port 1.

In an implementation, any uplink optical signal input by the optical splitter may be referred to as a first uplink optical signal, and a first pd4 is connected to any optical input port 1, and after the first uplink optical signal is input through one optical input port 1 by an external device of the optical splitter, the first uplink optical signal is transmitted to a connected first pd4 through an optical waveguide, so that the first pd4 may receive the first uplink optical signal.

For example, the add-on device connected to the optical splitter is ont, each ont is connected to one optical input port 1 of the optical splitter, and when data is to be transmitted at ont, a first uplink optical signal may be generated, and the data may be modulated on the first uplink optical signal and transmitted to the first pd 4.

At step 1402, the first pd4 converts the first upstream optical signal into an electrical signal, which is transmitted to the laser 3.

in implementation, the first pd4, upon receiving the first upstream optical signal, can convert the first upstream optical signal to an electrical signal and then transmit the electrical signal to the laser 3 through the electrical connection.

In step 1403, the laser 3 converts the electrical signal into a second uplink optical signal, and outputs the second uplink optical signal through the optical output port 2.

in an implementation, the laser 3 may generate a second uplink optical signal as a bias current after receiving the electrical signal transmitted by the first pd4, and the laser 3 may transmit the second uplink optical signal to the optical output port 2 through the optical waveguide, and further may transmit the second uplink optical signal to an external device of the optical splitter, where the external device may be olt or another optical splitter.

Optionally, corresponding to fig. 6, the plurality of first pds 4 are 2 ^N-1 first pds 4, the optical splitter further includes N-stage optical splitters, each first pd4 is connected to one optical splitting port on the upstream optical outgoing side of one optical splitter in the N-stage optical splitter, the optical splitter connected to each first pd4 is different, one optical splitting port on the upstream optical incoming side of the N-stage optical splitter in the N-stage optical splitter 5 is connected to one optical input port 1, and the optical splitting port connected to each optical input port 1 is different, for this structure of the optical splitter, the processing in the above step 1402 may be as follows:

The first pd4 receives the first upstream optical signal transmitted by the nth stage optical splitter connected to receive the first upstream optical signal through the optical input port 1.

In an implementation, after the first uplink optical signal is input from the optical input port 1, and the first uplink optical signal passes through the optical input port 1 to the nth splitter, the nth splitter outputs two paths of first uplink optical signals, one path of the first uplink optical signals is transmitted to the nth-1 splitter through the optical waveguide, and the other path of the first uplink optical signals is transmitted to the first pd4 through the optical waveguide, so that the first pd4 receives the first uplink optical signal.

in order to enable the optical splitter to be used for transmission of a downlink optical signal, the optical input port of the downlink optical signal of the optical splitter and the optical output port 2 of the uplink optical signal may be provided as separate ports, and the optical input port of the downlink optical signal may be connected to the first-stage optical splitter, so that the downlink optical signal is input through the optical input port of the downlink optical signal, passes through the N-stage optical splitter 5, and is output through the input port of the uplink optical signal. The same optical branching device can be used for downlink and uplink.

Optionally, in order to make the intensity of the uplink optical signal output by the optical output port 2 greater, the uplink optical signal may not pass through any optical splitter in the N-stage optical splitter 5, the corresponding optical splitter is the optical splitter shown in fig. 8 and 9, the plurality of first pds 4 is 2 ^N first pds 4, the optical splitter further includes the N-stage optical splitter 5 and 2 ^N first wdm7, and the corresponding processing of step 1402 may be as follows:

The first pd4 receives a first upstream optical signal transmitted over the connected first wdm7 and the connected first wdm7 receives the first upstream optical signal over optical input port 1.

In operation, after the first uplink optical signal is inputted from the optical input port 1, the first uplink optical signal is transmitted to the connected first wdm7, and then transmitted to the first pd4 of the first wdm7 connection through the first wdm7, so that the first uplink optical signal can be received by the first pd 4.

for the optical splitter of fig. 8 and 9 described above, which can also be used for the downlink optical signal, the processing may be as follows:

downstream optical signals are transmitted through the first wdm7 to the connected optical input port 1.

In practice, since the first wdm7 is connected to the nth splitter, downlink optical signals can be transmitted to the optical input port 1 connected to the first wdm7 through the first wdm7 after downlink transmission through the nth splitter 5, so as to output downlink optical signals.

In order to enable the optical splitter to be used for transmission of a downlink optical signal, the optical input port of the downlink optical signal of the optical splitter and the optical output port 2 of the uplink optical signal may be provided as separate ports, and the optical input port of the downlink optical signal may be connected to the first-stage optical splitter, so that the downlink optical signal is input through the optical input port 1 of the downlink optical signal, passes through the N-stage optical splitter 5, and is output from the input port of the uplink optical signal. The same optical branching device can be used for downlink and uplink.

Thus, the upstream optical signal entering the first pd4 does not pass through any optical splitters, so losses can be reduced.

Alternatively, corresponding to the optical splitter of fig. 10 and 11 described above, the optical splitter comprises one first pd4, the optical splitter further comprises 2 ^N first wdm7, and the process of step 1402 may be as follows:

For the optical splitter of fig. 10 and 11 described above, it can also be used for the downlink optical signal, and the processing may be as follows:

in order to enable the optical splitter to be used for transmission of a downlink optical signal, the optical input port of the downlink optical signal of the optical splitter and the optical output port 2 of the uplink optical signal may be provided as separate ports, and the optical input port of the downlink optical signal may be connected to the first-stage optical splitter, so that the downlink optical signal is input through the optical input port of the downlink optical signal, passes through the N-stage optical splitter, and is output through the optical input port 1 of the uplink optical signal. The same optical branching device can be used for downlink and uplink.

alternatively, corresponding to the optical splitter of fig. 7, 9 and 11, the optical splitter further includes one or more second wdm6, the number of the second wdm6 is the same as the number of the optical output ports 2, and the corresponding processing of step 1403 may be as follows:

the laser 3 converts the electrical signal into a second uplink optical signal, and outputs the second uplink optical signal to the optical output port 2 through the second wdm 6.

in practice, the laser 3 converts the electrical signal into a second uplink optical signal, which may be transmitted to the connected second wdm6 and then output to the optical output port 2 via the second wdm 6.

Under the structure of the optical splitters of fig. 7, 9 and 11, the downlink optical signal and the uplink optical signal can be transmitted by using one optical splitter, and the processing can be as follows:

downstream optical signals are transmitted through the second wdm6 to the first stage optical splitter.

In an embodiment, when the optical splitter receives the downlink optical signal, the downlink optical signal may be transmitted to the second wdm6, transmitted to the N-stage optical splitter 5 through the second wdm6, transmitted to the optical input port 1 of the uplink optical signal through the N-stage optical splitter 5, and output. In this scheme, the optical input port 1 of the uplink optical signal is an optical output port of the downlink optical signal, and the optical output port 2 of the uplink optical signal is an optical input port of the downlink optical signal.

Thus, the transmission of the uplink optical signal and the downlink optical signal can be realized by using the same optical splitter.

Optionally, corresponding to the optical splitter of fig. 12, the optical splitter further includes a second pd4, a second pd8 and a third wdm9 are further disposed between the laser 3 and one optical output port 2, and the bias current is provided to the laser 3 through the second pd8 or the electrical signal provided by the first pd8 is amplified, and the corresponding processes may be as follows:

The second pd8 receives the target optical signal sent by the central office equipment through the third wdm9, converts the target optical signal into an electrical signal, and transmits the electrical signal to the laser 3, so as to provide bias current for the laser 3 or amplify the electrical signal provided by the first pd4 received by the laser 3.

in practice, the second pd8 may be optically coupled to a third wdm9, the third wdm9 may be optically coupled to the optical output port 2, the third wdm9 may be optically coupled to the laser 3, the second pd8 is electrically coupled to the laser 3, the optical output port 2 may be coupled to a local side device, and the local side device may provide an optical signal (which may be referred to as a target optical signal, hereinafter) having a wavelength different from that of the upstream optical signal and the downstream optical signal, for example, 980nm or 1700nm, etc. The optical signal is transmitted to the second pd8 through the optical output port 2 and the third wdm9, and the second pd8 can convert the target optical signal into an electrical signal and transmit the electrical signal to the laser 3.

The laser 3, upon receiving the electrical signal, may act as a bias current or amplify the received electrical signal provided by the first pd 4. In this way, the intensity of the second upstream optical signal generated by the laser 3 can be made higher.

In addition, in the optical splitter shown in fig. 13, since any one of the optical switch, the optical splitter 1 × 2, and the optical splitter 2 × 2 is provided between the laser 3 and the optical output port 2, the second upstream optical signal is output from the laser 3, passes through any one of the optical switch, the optical splitter 1 × 2, and the optical splitter 2 × 2, reaches the optical output port 2, and is output.

In addition, in the embodiment of the present application, the laser 3 may be a laser diode, and the light emitting principle of the laser diode is as follows: the positive-negative (p-n) junction in a laser diode is formed from two doped gallium arsenide layers. It has two flat end structures, parallel to one end mirror (highly reflective surface) and one partially reflective. When the p-n junction is forward biased by an external voltage source, electrons move through the junction and recombine like a normal diode. When an electron recombines with a hole, a photon is released. These photons strike the atom, causing more photons to be released. As the forward bias current increases, more electrons enter the depletion region and cause more photons to be emitted. Eventually, some of the photons that randomly drift within the depletion region strike the reflective surface perpendicularly, reflecting back along their original path. The reflected photons are reflected back from the other end of the junction again. This movement of photons from one end to the other is continuous a plurality of times. During photon motion, more atoms release more photons due to the avalanche effect. This process of reflection and the generation of more and more photons produces a very intense laser beam.

It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present application, since the N-stage optical splitter 5, the optical input port 1, the optical output port 2, the laser 3, the first wdm7, the second wdm6, the third wdm9, the first pd4, and the second pd8 included in the optical splitter are all passive devices, the optical splitter involved is also a passive device.

It should be noted that the third wdm9 has a different wavelength from the optical signals that can be separated by the first wdm7 and the second wdm6, because the third wdm9 is used for distinguishing the wavelength of the target optical signal provided by the local device from the wavelength of the second uplink optical signal, the first wdm7 and the second wdm6 are used for distinguishing the wavelength of the uplink optical signal from the wavelength of the downlink optical signal, and the wavelength of the target optical signal is different from the wavelengths of the uplink optical signal and the downlink optical signal, so the third wdm9 is different from the first wdm7 and the second wdm 6. The first wdm7 and the second wdm6 can be identical in that they are both used to distinguish the wavelength of the upstream optical signal from the wavelength of the downstream optical signal.

it should be noted that fig. 7, 9, 11, and 12 only show one optical output port 2, and may be used to transmit an uplink optical signal or a downlink optical signal. Fig. 6 and 8 show that the optical output port 2 for the upstream optical signal is not the same port as the optical input port for the downstream optical signal.

In the embodiment of the present application, when an uplink optical signal is transmitted, the first pd4 receives the first uplink optical signal through the optical input port 1, the first pd4 converts the first uplink optical signal into an electrical signal, transmits the electrical signal to the laser 3, and the laser 3 converts the electrical signal into a second uplink optical signal and outputs the second uplink optical signal through the optical output port 2. Thus, when the uplink optical signal is transmitted, the uplink optical signal is reconstructed through the laser 3, but the loss is lower than that of the N-level optical splitter without passing through the N-level optical splitter, and even if the optical signal is received by the office equipment in a burst mode, the recovery difficulty is also reduced because the intensity of the received optical signal is relatively high.

In addition, because the loss of the uplink optical signal is reduced, under the same implementation difficulty, a larger splitting ratio can be supported, the deployment cost of the pon system is reduced, and the deployment rhythm of the pon system is accelerated.

In another embodiment of the present application, an optical splitter with another structure is provided, as shown in fig. 15, the optical splitter may include a plurality of optical input ports 1, one or more optical output ports 2, an optical amplifier 11, one or more third pds 12, the optical amplifier 12 may be a semiconductor amplifier or an optical fiber amplifier, and the like, the optical input port 1 is an input port of an uplink optical signal, and the optical output port 2 is an output port of the uplink optical signal, in the optical splitter, a plurality of uplink optical signals may be input through the plurality of optical input ports 1, when there is one optical output port 2, there is one uplink optical signal output, when there are a plurality of optical output ports 2, there is only one optical output port 2 that is normally in an operating state, and the others are backup. When the number of the third pds 12 is multiple, the number of the third pds 12 and the number of the optical input ports 1 may be the same, each third pd12 is connected to one optical input port 1 through an optical waveguide, and the optical input ports 1 connected to each third pd12 are different, or the number of the third pd12 is half of the number of the optical input ports 1, and the optical input ports 1 connected to each third pd12 are different. When the third pd12 is one, the third pd12 is connected to multiple optical input ports 1 through optical waveguides.

The optical amplifier 11 may be optically waveguided to one or more optical output ports 2, the optical amplifier 11 may be electrically connected to one or more third pds 12, and the optical amplifier 11 may be optically waveguided to one or more optical input ports 1.

Thus, the uplink optical signals inputted through each optical input port 1 are converted into electrical signals by the third pd12 and then inputted into the optical amplifier 11, and the uplink optical signals inputted through each optical input port 1 can be inputted into the optical amplifier 11, so that the electrical signals are supplied to the optical amplifier 11 to amplify the received optical signals, and the amplified optical signals are outputted through the optical output port 2.

optionally, the optical splitter may further include a coupler 13 and an N-stage optical splitter 5, where the N-stage optical splitter 5 may be the N-stage optical splitter 5 shown in fig. 6, and two optical splitting ports on the upstream light incident side of each optical splitter in the N-stage optical splitter of the N-stage optical splitter 5 are respectively connected to one optical input port 1. The coupler 13 may include a first end and a second end, the first end may be connected to the optical amplifier 11, the second end may be connected to one optical splitter port on the upstream optical output side of the mth stage optical splitter (m is greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to N), the mth stage optical splitter is a 2 × 2 optical splitter, and there are two optical splitter ports on the upstream optical output side (two optical splitter ports on the downstream optical input side when transmitting optical signals in the downstream), one optical splitter port on the upstream optical output side of each optical splitter in the mth stage optical splitter is connected to the coupler 13, and the other optical splitter port on the upstream optical output side of the mth stage optical splitter is connected to the mth-1 stage optical splitter, so that it may be ensured that the optical splitter may also be used for transmitting the downstream optical signals.

Optionally, the mth stage optical splitter is a 2 nd stage optical splitter, the 2 nd stage optical splitter includes two optical splitters, one of two optical splitting ports on the upstream optical side of each optical splitter is connected to the coupler 13 through an optical waveguide, and the other is connected to the first stage optical splitter through an optical waveguide. In this way, the uplink optical signal passes through the nth splitter to the 3 rd splitter in the N-stage splitter 5, is transmitted to the 2 nd splitter, is transmitted to the coupler 13 through the 2 nd splitter, is input to the optical amplifier 11, is amplified through the optical amplifier 11, and is output to the optical output port 2.

Alternatively, as shown in fig. 16, the mth optical splitter in the optical splitter including the coupler 13 is a 2 nd optical splitter, the plurality of third pds 12 are 2 ^N-1 and third pds 12, assuming that each of the nth optical splitters in the nth optical splitter of the nth optical splitter 5 is a 2 x 2 optical splitter, each of the other optical splitters may be a 1 x 2 optical splitter or a 2 x 2 optical splitter, the upstream optical side of each of the nth optical splitters may include two optical splitting ports, each optical splitting port is connected to one optical input port 1, and each optical splitting port is connected to a different optical input port 1, the upstream optical side may include two optical splitting ports (i.e., a first optical splitting port and a second optical splitting port), the first optical splitting port of the nth optical splitter may be connected to only one third pd12 by an optical waveguide, and each of the third optical splitting ports is connected to a different pd12, and each of the second optical splitters and the N-pds 12 may be connected to different optical input ports, and the optical splitters may be connected to a different optical signal output port after being converted from the first optical splitter into the first optical signal input port, the second optical splitter, the nth optical splitter, the signal input port 13, and the signal is further converted into the second optical signal output, and the signal output after the optical signal is transmitted through the optical splitter 3 nd optical splitter, the optical splitter 3 nd optical splitter, the optical input port is further, the optical splitter 3 nd optical splitter, the optical splitter 3 nd optical splitter, and the optical splitter is further, the optical splitter is coupled to the optical splitter, and the optical splitter is coupled to the optical input optical amplifier, and the optical amplifier is further coupled to the optical amplifier, and the optical splitter 3 rd optical splitter 3 nd optical amplifier, and the optical splitter 3 nd optical amplifier, after the optical splitter is further coupled to the optical amplifier, and the optical amplifier, after the optical splitter is further coupled to the optical splitter is connected to the optical splitter 3.

In addition, since the other optical splitting port on the upstream light emitting side of the nth-stage optical splitter is also connected with the nth-1-stage optical splitter, the downstream optical signal can be transmitted from the nth-1-stage optical splitter to the nth-stage optical splitter.

Thus, if the optical splitter is also used for the transmission of the downlink optical signal, the optical output port 2 of the uplink optical signal and the optical output port of the downlink optical signal may use different ports, that is, the optical input port of the downlink optical signal is connected to the optical splitting port on the downlink light incident side of the first-stage optical splitter through the optical waveguide. Thus, the downlink optical signal is input from the optical input port of the downlink optical signal of the optical splitter, passes through the N-stage optical splitter 5, and is output through the optical input port 1 of the uplink optical signal.

Alternatively, for the optical splitter in fig. 16, in order to enable the optical splitter to be applied to the transmission of the uplink optical signal and the downlink optical signal, as shown in fig. 17, one or more sixth wdm18 may be further included in the optical splitter, the number of the sixth wdm18 is the same as the number of the optical output ports 2, one optical splitting port on the uplink optical output side of the first-stage splitter of each sixth wdm18 and the N-stage splitter 5 is connected by an optical waveguide, and one sixth wdm18 is disposed between the optical amplifier 11 and each optical output port 2, that is, the sixth wdm18 includes three ports, and each port may be respectively connected with one optical splitting port on the uplink optical output side of the first-stage splitter of the optical input port 1, the optical amplifier 11 and the N-stage splitter 5. Thus, the sixth wdm18 is configured to multiplex and demultiplex the uplink optical signal and the downlink optical signal, and the uplink optical signal and the downlink optical signal can be transmitted through the same port of the optical splitter, that is, the downlink optical signal is transmitted through the optical input port 1 and the optical output port 2.

Optionally, the optical splitter comprises 2 ^N third pd12, the optical splitter may further comprise couplers 13, 2 ^N fourth wdm14 and N-stage optical splitters 5, each optical splitter in the N-stage optical splitter 5 may be a 1 × 2 optical splitter or a 2 × 2 optical splitter, each fourth wdm14 is connected to one optical input port 1, and each fourth wdm14 is connected to one optical port on the upstream optical side of each optical splitter in the N-stage optical splitter, and connected to different optical ports (each fourth wdm14 is connected to the same number of optical ports of the N-stage optical splitter and one-to-one), and each fourth wdm 38 is connected to one third pd12, each fourth wdm 12 is connected to a third optical input port 3526, and the first and second optical ports, the first end may be connected to an optical amplifier 11, the second end may be connected to a third pd12, the third pd12 is connected to a fourth wdm14, and the third optical input port is connected to a third optical add/drop optical signal, and/drop a signal after amplification, such as a signal is transmitted through the sixth optical splitter 11, the same number of optical input port as when the signal is transmitted through the first wdm optical input port, the optical splitter 13, the optical splitter, the optical input port is equal to the same number of the optical input port as the sixth optical splitter as the number of the optical splitter, the optical input port of the optical splitter, the optical splitter 638, the optical splitter, the optical add/or after the optical signal is equal to the number of the optical input port of the optical splitter, and/or equal to the number of the optical signal after the number of the optical signal, the optical signal processing node, the optical add/or after the optical signal processing node, the optical amplifier 11, the optical signal processing node, such as the optical amplifier, the optical add/or after the optical add/drop multiplexer 2, the optical input port of the optical signal processing node, the optical add/drop multiplexer 2, the optical amplifier, the optical add/drop multiplexer, the optical amplifier, the optical.

it should be noted that the mth stage splitter in the N stage splitter 5 is a 1 × 2 splitter, the mth stage splitter is connected to only the coupler 13 and is not connected to the mth-1 stage splitter, so the optical splitter can be used only for upstream transmission but not for downstream transmission, and the mth stage splitter in the N stage splitter 5 is a 2 × 2 splitter, and since the upstream optical outlet side of the mth stage splitter has two optical ports, one is connected to the coupler 13 and the other is connected to the mth-1 stage splitter, the optical splitter can be used not only for upstream transmission but also for downstream transmission.

Optionally, as shown in fig. 18, the optical splitter includes only one third pd12, the optical splitter may further include 2 ^N fourth wdm14, one multiple-in-double-out section 15, and an N-stage optical splitter 5, the N-stage optical splitter 5 includes 2 ^N -1 optical splitters, the optical splitters are 1 × 2 optical splitters or 2 × 2 optical splitters, the i-stage optical splitter in the N-stage optical splitter 5 includes 2 ^i-1 optical splitters, the i-stage optical splitter in the N-stage optical splitter 5 is connected to the i + 1-stage optical splitter through an optical waveguide, each optical splitter in the N-stage optical splitter is connected to two optical input ports 1 through a fourth wdm14, N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1, i is greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to N (specific description may refer to N-stage optical splitters in fig. 6), the multiple-in-double-out section 15 may include 2 ^N input ports and two output ports, the third pd12 side is connected to one optical amplifier 11, and the multiple-in-double-out section 15 is connected to another optical output port of the multiple-out section 15.

each optical splitter in the nth stage optical splitter is 1 × 2 or 2 × 2 optical splitter, when the nth stage optical splitter is 2 × 2 optical splitter, each side (upstream light-in side and upstream light-out side) of the 2 × 2 optical splitter includes two optical splitting ports, one of the optical splitting ports on the upstream light-out side is connected with the nth-1 stage optical splitter, and the other is idle, each optical splitting port on the upstream light-in side is respectively connected with one fourth wdm14 (the number of the optical splitting ports on the upstream light-in side of the nth stage optical splitter is the same as that of the fourth wdm14, and each fourth wdm14 is connected with a different optical splitting port), the fourth wdm14 is connected with one input port of the multi-in and dual-out component 15 through an optical waveguide, and the input port connected with each fourth wdm14 is different, the fourth wdm14 is further connected with one optical input port 1 through an optical waveguide, and the optical input port 1 connected with each fourth wdm14 is different, i.e. the number of fourth wdm14 is the same as the number of optical input ports 1 and is connected in a one-to-one correspondence.

thus, the transmission path of the uplink optical signal is: the optical signal is input from the optical input port 1 to the fourth wdm14, transmitted to the mimo component 15 through the fourth wdm14, divided into two uplink optical signals through the mimo component 15, one of the uplink optical signals is transmitted to the third pd12, converted into an electrical signal through the third pd12 and provided to the optical amplifier 11, and the other uplink optical signal is transmitted to the optical amplifier 11 through the optical amplifier 11, wherein the electrical signal provided by the third pd12 is used by the optical amplifier 11 to transmit the uplink optical signal to the mimo component 15, amplified, and then output through the optical output port 2.

optionally, for the optical splitter in fig. 18, in order to enable the optical splitter to be applied to transmission of uplink optical signals and downlink optical signals, as shown in fig. 19, the optical splitter may further include one or more sixth wdm18, the number of the sixth wdm18 is the same as the number of the optical output ports 2, the sixth wdm18 is connected to one optical drop port on the upstream optical output side of the first stage optical splitter of the N-stage optical splitter by an optical waveguide (the connection relationship is described in detail above, and is not described here again), one sixth wdm18 is disposed between the optical amplifier 11 and each optical output port 2, that is, the sixth wdm18 may be connected to one optical drop port on the upstream optical output side of the first stage optical splitter having the optical input port 1, the optical amplifier 11, and the N-stage optical splitter. Thus, the sixth wdm18 is configured to multiplex and demultiplex the uplink optical signal and the downlink optical signal, and the uplink optical signal and the downlink optical signal can be transmitted through the same port of the optical splitter, that is, the downlink optical signal is transmitted through the optical input port 1 and the optical output port 2.

Alternatively, corresponding to the optical splitter of fig. 16 to 19, the optical amplifier 11 may be a semiconductor optical amplifier 11, as shown in fig. 20 (added on the basis of fig. 19), and the optical splitter may further include a fourth pd16 and a fifth wdm17, the fourth pd16 is electrically connected to the optical amplifier 11, the fourth pd16 is further connected to the fifth wdm17 through an optical waveguide, the fifth wdm17 is connected to the optical amplifier 11 through an optical waveguide, and the fifth wdm17 is connected to the optical output port 2.

the fourth pd16 can receive the optical signal provided by the local side device through the optical output port 2 and the fifth wdm17, and the fourth pd16 can convert the optical signal into an electrical signal and provide the electrical signal to the optical amplifier 11 to provide a bias current for the optical amplifier 11 or amplify the electrical signal output by the third pd 12.

It should be noted that, in fig. 20, a fourth pd16 and a fifth wdm17 are added to the optical splitter shown in fig. 19, and the principle is the same as that in fig. 19, and thus the description is omitted here, and the optical splitter can also be applied to the optical splitters shown in fig. 15 to 18.

Corresponding to fig. 20, as shown in fig. 21, a sixth wdm18 is further provided between the fifth wdm17 and the optical output port 2, the sixth wdm18 is connected to the fifth wdm17, to one optical drop port on the upstream optical output side of the first stage splitter, and the sixth wdm18 is connected to one optical output port 2.

Alternatively, in the optical splitter shown in fig. 15 to 20, there may be two optical output ports 2 of the optical splitter, where the two optical output ports 2 are a main port and a standby port, and an optical switch is further disposed between the optical amplifier 11 and the optical output port 2 so that the uplink optical signal transmitted by the optical amplifier 11 can be transmitted to the optical output port 2, and when the main port is used, the optical amplifier 11 is connected to the main port through the optical switch, so that the uplink optical signal is transmitted to the main port and does not reach the standby port. Alternatively, as shown in fig. 22, a 1 × 2 optical splitter 10 is further disposed between the optical amplifier 11 and the optical output ports 2, two optical splitting ports on the light emitting side of the 1 × 2 optical splitter 10 are respectively connected to the two optical output ports 2, and one optical splitting port on the uplink light entering side is connected to the optical amplifier 11, so that the optical amplifier 11 can transmit uplink optical signals to the two optical output ports 2, and when the main port is used, the main port is used for outputting, and when the standby port is used, the standby port is used for outputting. Or, a 2 × 2 optical splitter is further disposed between the optical amplifier 11 and the optical output ports 2, two optical splitting ports on the light outgoing side of the 2 × 2 optical splitter are respectively connected to the two optical output ports 2, and one optical splitting port on the light incoming side is connected to the optical amplifier 11.

It should be noted that fig. 22 is the optical splitter 10 shown in fig. 19 with 1 × 2 added thereto, and may be applied to the optical splitters shown in fig. 15 to 21 in the same way, and the principle is the same as that of fig. 19, and thus the description thereof is omitted.

in the optical splitter shown in fig. 22, if the optical amplifier 11 is a semiconductor amplifier, a 1 × 2 optical splitter may be disposed between the fifth wdm17 and the optical amplifier 11, and may be disposed between the fifth wdm17 and the sixth wdm 18.

If the optical splitter of fig. 22 is combined with the optical splitter of fig. 17 or 19 as described above, the 1 × 2 optical splitter may be disposed between the sixth wdm18 and the optical amplifier 11.

The third pd12 and the fourth pd16 have the same structure as the photoelectric converters, but the wavelengths of the converted optical signals are different, and the probes receiving the optical signals are different.

It should be noted that the wavelengths of the optical signals that can be separated by the sixth wdm18 and the fourth wdm14 and the fifth wdm17 are different, because the sixth wdm18 is used for distinguishing the wavelength of the target optical signal provided by the local device from the wavelength of the uplink optical signal, the fourth wdm14 and the fifth wdm17 are used for distinguishing the wavelength of the uplink optical signal from the wavelength of the downlink optical signal, and the wavelength of the target optical signal is different from the wavelengths of the uplink optical signal and the downlink optical signal. The sixth wdm18 is different from the fourth wdm14 and the fifth wdm17, and the fourth wdm14 and the fifth wdm17 may be the same because they are both wavelengths for distinguishing the uplink optical signal and the downlink optical signal.

In addition, when the optical amplifier 11 is an optical fiber amplifier, a pump source needs to be provided by the local side device, and may be a pump source that inputs an optical signal from the optical output port 2 to the optical amplifier 11.

It should be noted that fig. 17, 19, and 21 only show one optical output port 2, and may be used to transmit an uplink optical signal or a downlink optical signal. Fig. 16, 18, and 20 show that the optical output port 2 for the upstream optical signal is not the same port as the optical input port for the downstream optical signal.

In the embodiment of the present application, the optical splitter includes a plurality of optical input ports 1, one or more optical output ports 2, an optical amplifier 11, and one or more third optical-to-electrical converters pd, the optical amplifier 11 is connected to the one or more optical output ports 2 through an optical waveguide, the optical amplifier 11 is electrically connected to the one or more third pds 12, the optical amplifier 11 is connected to the plurality of optical input ports 1 through an optical waveguide, when there are a plurality of third pds 12, each third pd12 is connected to the one or more optical input ports 1 through an optical waveguide, and the optical input port 1 connected to each third pd12 is different, and when there is one third pd12, the third pd12 is connected to the plurality of optical input ports 1. Thus, when the uplink optical signal is transmitted, the uplink optical signal is amplified by the optical amplifier 11, and the loss is lower than that of the N-stage optical splitter, so even if the optical signal is received by the office equipment in a burst manner, the strength of the received optical signal is relatively high, and the recovery difficulty is also reduced.

In another embodiment of the present application, corresponding to the optical splitter shown in fig. 15 to fig. 22, a method for transmitting an optical signal using the optical splitter described above is further provided, and as shown in fig. 23, the method may be performed as follows:

at step 2301, a third upstream optical signal is received by a third pd12 through optical input port 1.

In an implementation, any uplink optical signal input by the optical splitter may be referred to as a third uplink optical signal, and one third pd12 is connected to any one of the optical input ports 1, and after the third uplink optical signal is input through one optical input port 1 by an external device of the optical splitter, the third uplink optical signal is transmitted to the connected third pd12 through an optical waveguide, so that the third pd12 may receive the third uplink optical signal.

For example, the external device connected to the optical splitter is ont, each ont is connected to one optical input port 1 of the optical splitter, and when data is to be transmitted at ont, a first uplink optical signal may be generated, and the data may be modulated on the first uplink optical signal and transmitted to the third pd 12.

at step 2302, the third pd12 converts the third upstream optical signal into an electrical signal, which is transmitted to the optical amplifier 11.

In practice, the third pd12, upon receiving the third uplink optical signal, can convert the third uplink optical signal to an electrical signal and then transmit the electrical signal to the optical amplifier 11 via the electrical connection.

In step 2303, the optical amplifier 11 receives the fourth uplink optical signal through the optical input port 1, amplifies the fourth uplink optical signal through the electrical signal, and outputs the fourth uplink optical signal through the optical output port 2.

in operation, when the third pd12 receives the third uplink optical signal, the optical amplifier 11 can receive the fourth uplink optical signal through the optical input port 1, amplify the fourth uplink optical signal based on the electrical signal provided by the third pd12, and output the fourth uplink optical signal through the optical output port 2.

Optionally, corresponding to fig. 16 and 17, the optical splitter further includes a coupler 13 and an N-level splitter, and the process of step 2303 may be as follows:

The optical amplifier 11 receives the fourth upstream optical signal coupled by the coupler 13.

In an embodiment, the fourth uplink optical signal is input to the N-stage optical splitter 5 from the optical input port 1, transmitted to the m +1 th stage optical splitter through the nth stage optical splitter in the N-stage optical splitter 5, output to the coupler 13 for coupling, and output to the optical amplifier 11, and the optical signal transmitted to the optical amplifier 11 is also the fourth uplink optical signal because only the fourth uplink optical signal is lost through transmission.

alternatively, corresponding to the optical splitter shown in fig. 18 and fig. 19, the optical splitter further includes a third pd12, and the optical splitter further includes 2 ^N fourth wdm14 and an add-drop-and-drop-out component 15, and the processes of step 2301 and step 2303 may be as follows:

the third pd12 receives the third uplink optical signal of the fifth uplink optical signals received by the mimo unit 15 from the fourth wdm14, and the fifth uplink optical signals are transmitted to the fourth wdm14 through the optical input port 1. The optical amplifier 11 receives the fourth upstream optical signal among the fifth upstream optical signals received by the multiple-input-dual-output section 15 from the fourth wdm 14.

In an implementation, when transmitting the uplink optical signal, the fifth uplink optical signal is transmitted to the connected fourth wdm14 through the optical input port 1, and is divided into two paths by the fourth wdm14, one path is transmitted to the input-output unit 15, and the other path is transmitted to the nth-stage optical splitter, where the intensity of the optical signal transmitted to the input-output unit 15 is much larger than that of the optical signal transmitted to the nth-stage optical splitter, the input-output unit 15 divides the fifth uplink optical signal into two paths, one path is the third uplink optical signal, the other path is the fourth uplink optical signal, the third uplink optical signal is output to the third pd12, and the fourth uplink optical signal is output to the optical amplifier 11 for amplification processing. This allows the upstream optical signal to reach the third pd12 and the optical amplifier 11 to be of relatively high intensity.

it should be noted that the fourth uplink optical signal is a single-mode optical signal, and includes a single longitudinal mode signal and a single transverse mode signal.

In addition, the fourth wdm14 is provided for the purpose of normally transmitting the downlink optical signal through the N-stage optical splitter, and the following processes are performed:

the downstream optical signal is transmitted to the optical input port 1 through the fourth wdm 14.

In an embodiment, when the optical port 2 of the uplink optical signal is the same as the optical input port of the downlink optical signal and the optical input port 1 of the uplink optical signal is the same as the optical output port of the downlink optical signal in the transmission of the downlink optical signal, the downlink optical signal is input from the optical output port 2 of the uplink optical signal, is input to the sixth wdm18, is output to the first-stage optical splitter of the N-stage optical splitter through the sixth wdm18, is output to the fourth wdm14 through the transmission of the N-stage optical splitter, and is output to the optical input port 1 of the uplink optical signal through the fourth wdm 14. If the optical output port 2 of the uplink optical signal is different from the optical input port of the downlink optical signal, but the optical input port 1 of the uplink optical signal is the same as the optical output port of the downlink optical signal, the downlink optical signal is input from the optical input port of the downlink optical signal, input to the first-stage optical splitter of the N-stage optical splitter 5, transmitted by the N-stage optical splitter 5, output to the fourth wdm14, and output to the optical input port 1 of the uplink optical signal through the fourth wdm 14. Thus, the optical splitter can be used for both the uplink optical signal and the downlink optical signal.

Optionally, in order to enable the transmission of the downlink optical signal, an optical splitter may be used, and the optical splitter may further include one or more sixth wdm18, where the number of the sixth wdm18 is the same as the number of the optical output ports 2, and the sixth wdm18 is configured to connect the optical output port 2, the first stage optical splitter, and the optical amplifier 11, respectively, so that the fourth uplink optical signal after the amplification processing may be transmitted from the optical amplifier 11 to the optical output port 2, and the downlink optical signal is input from the optical output port 2 of the uplink optical signal, input to the first stage optical splitter through the sixth wdm18, and transmitted to the optical input port 1 of the uplink optical signal through the N-stage optical splitter 5 for output.

Alternatively, corresponding to fig. 20, the optical amplifier 11 is a semiconductor amplifier, the optical splitter further includes a fourth pd16 and a fifth wdm17, and the corresponding fourth pd16 can provide additional electrical signals to the optical amplifier 11, and the process can be as follows:

The fourth pd16 receives the target optical signal transmitted by the central office equipment through the fifth wdm17, converts the target optical signal into an electrical signal, and transmits the electrical signal to the optical amplifier 11, so as to provide the bias current for the optical amplifier 11 or amplify the electrical signal received by the optical amplifier 11 and provided by the third pd 12.

In practice, the fourth pd16 may be optically connected to the fifth wdm17, the fifth wdm17 may be optically connected to an optical output port 2, the fifth wdm17 may also be optically connected to the optical amplifier 11, the optical output port 2 may be connected to a local side device, and the local side device may provide an optical signal (which may be referred to as a target optical signal hereinafter) having a wavelength different from that of the upstream optical signal and the downstream optical signal, for example, 980nm or 1700nm, etc. Transmitted to the fourth pd16 through the fifth wdm17, and received by the fourth pd16, the target optical signal can be converted into an electrical signal and transmitted to the optical amplifier 11.

The optical amplifier 11, upon receiving the electrical signal, may act as a bias current or amplify the received electrical signal provided by the third pd 12. In this way, the intensity of the fourth uplink optical signal after the amplification process can be made higher.

in addition, in the optical splitter shown in fig. 21, since an optical switch, the 1 × 2 optical splitter 10, or the 2 × 2 optical splitter is provided between the optical amplifier 11 and the optical output port 2, the fourth upstream optical signal after the amplification processing is output from the laser, and then passes through the optical switch, the 1 × 2 optical splitter 10, or the 2 × 2 optical splitter, and reaches the optical output port 2 to be output.

It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present application, since the N-stage optical splitter, the optical input port 1, the optical output port 2, the optical amplifier 11, the fourth wdm14, the fifth wdm17, the sixth wdm18, the third pd12, and the fourth pd16 included in the optical splitter are all passive devices, the optical splitter involved is also a passive device.

In this embodiment, when transmitting the uplink optical signal, the third pd12 receives the third uplink optical signal through the optical input port 1, the third pd12 converts the third uplink optical signal into an electrical signal, and transmits the electrical signal to the optical amplifier 11, and the optical amplifier 11 receives the fourth uplink optical signal through the optical input port 1, amplifies the fourth uplink optical signal with the electrical signal, and outputs the fourth uplink optical signal through the optical output port 2. In this way, since the transmitted uplink optical signal is amplified, the loss of the uplink optical signal is reduced, and the difficulty in receiving the uplink optical signal by the local side device can be reduced.

Note that the beam splitters in fig. 2 to 13 and fig. 15 to 23 are indicated by small circles of broken lines.

It should be further noted that, in the above embodiment, the optical splitter 1 × 2 is two optical splitting ports on the upstream light-incident side, and one optical splitting port on the upstream light-exiting side, and the optical splitter 2 × 2 is two optical splitting ports on the upstream light-incident side, and two optical splitting ports on the upstream light-exiting side. In the present application, the optical splitter 1 × 2 may be an equal-ratio optical splitter or a non-equal-ratio optical splitter, and similarly, in the present application, the optical splitter 2 × 2 may be an equal-ratio optical splitter or a non-equal-ratio optical splitter.

It should be further noted that, the references to "first", "second", "third", "fourth", "fifth", and "sixth" are only used for distinguishing similar objects, and do not limit the sequence.

it will be understood by those skilled in the art that all or part of the steps for implementing the above embodiments may be implemented by hardware, or may be implemented by a program instructing relevant hardware, where the program may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and the above-mentioned storage medium may be a read-only memory, a magnetic disk or an optical disk, etc.

the above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.

Claims

1. An optical splitter, characterized in that it comprises a plurality of optical input ports, one or more optical output ports, a laser, one or more first opto-electric converters pd;

The laser and the one or more optical output ports are connected through optical waveguides;

The laser is electrically connected to the one or more first pds;

when the first pd is one, the first pd is connected with the plurality of optical input ports through optical waveguides;

When the first pds are plural, each first pd is connected to one optical input port through an optical waveguide and each first pd is connected to a different optical input port, or each first pd is connected to plural optical input ports through an optical waveguide and each first pd is connected to a different optical input port.

2. The optical splitter of claim 1, wherein the first pds are 2 ^N-1 first pds, the optical splitter further comprises N-stage splitters, the N-stage splitters comprise 2 ^N -1 splitters, the splitters are 1 x 2 splitters or 2 x 2 splitters, the ith stage splitter of the N-stage splitters comprises 2 ^i-1 splitters, the ith stage splitter of the N-stage splitters is connected with the (i + 1) th stage splitter by an optical waveguide, N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1, i is greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to N;

The upstream light-emitting side of each optical splitter in the Nth-stage optical splitter comprises two optical splitting ports;

the first drop port of each optical splitter is optically waveguided with a first pd and each optical splitter is optically waveguided with a different first pd, and the second drop port of each optical splitter is optically waveguided with a drop port of an N-1 th order optical splitter.

3. The optical splitter of claim 1 wherein the plurality of first pds is 2 ^N first pds;

The optical splitter further comprises an N-stage optical splitter and 2 ^N first wavelength division multiplexers wdm, wherein the N-stage optical splitter comprises 2 ^N -1 optical splitters, the optical splitters are 1 x 2 optical splitters or 2 x 2 optical splitters, the ith optical splitter in the N-stage optical splitters comprises 2 ^i-1 optical splitters, the ith optical splitter in the N-stage optical splitters is connected with the (i + 1) th optical splitter through an optical waveguide, N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1, and i is greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to N;

The upstream light incident side of each optical splitter in the nth-stage optical splitter comprises two optical splitting ports, each first wdm in the 2 ^N first wdm is connected with one optical splitting port on the upstream light incident side of one optical splitter in the nth-stage optical splitter through an optical waveguide, and each first wdm is connected with a different optical splitting port;

A first wdm is disposed between each first pd and the optical input port.

4. The optical splitter of claim 1, wherein the optical splitter comprises a first pd, and wherein the optical splitter further comprises 2 ^N first wdm and N-stage splitters, wherein a first wdm is disposed between the first pd and each optical input port;

The upstream light incident side of each optical splitter in the nth-stage optical splitter comprises two optical splitting ports, each first wdm in the 2 ^N first wdm is connected with one optical splitting port on the upstream light incident side of one optical splitter in the nth-stage optical splitter through an optical waveguide, and each first wdm is connected with a different optical splitting port.

5. The optical splitter according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein the optical splitter further comprises one or more second wdm devices, the number of the second wdm devices is the same as the number of the optical output ports, the upstream optical output side of the first stage optical splitter of the N-stage optical splitter comprises two optical splitting ports, and the second wdm device is connected with one optical splitting port of the upstream optical output side of the first stage optical splitter of the N-stage optical splitter through an optical waveguide;

A second wdm is disposed between the laser and each optical output port.

6. An optical splitter according to any one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising a second pd and a third wdm optically waveguided with the laser, the third wdm optically guided with an optical output port, the third wdm optically guided with the third pd.

7. The optical splitter according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the number of the optical output ports is two;

An optical switch, a 1 × 2 optical splitter, or a 2 × 2 optical splitter is provided between the optical output port and the laser.

8. A method for transmitting an optical signal, the method being applied to the optical splitter according to any one of claims 1 to 7, the method comprising:

the first pd receives a first upstream optical signal through the optical input port;

The first pd converts the first upstream optical signal to an electrical signal, which is transmitted to the laser;

and the laser converts the electric signal into a second uplink optical signal and outputs the second uplink optical signal through the optical output port.

9. the method of claim 8, wherein the plurality of first pds is 2 ^N-1 first pds, wherein the optical splitter further comprises an N-splitter;

the first pd receives the first upstream optical signal through the optical input port, comprising:

the first pd receives a first upstream optical signal transmitted by an nth stage optical splitter connected to the first pd, and the nth stage optical splitter receives the first upstream optical signal through the optical input port.

10. The method of claim 8, wherein the plurality of first pds is 2 ^N first pds, wherein the optical splitter further comprises an N-splitter and 2 ^N first wdm;

The first pd receives a first upstream optical signal transmitted over a first wdm of a connection that receives the first upstream optical signal over the optical input port;

the method further comprises the following steps:

downstream optical signals are transmitted through the first wdm to the connected optical input ports.

11. The method of claim 8, wherein the optical splitter comprises one first pd, the optical splitter further comprising 2 ^N first wdm;

The method further comprises the following steps:

12. The method of claims 9 to 11, wherein the optical splitter further comprises one or more second wdm, the number of second wdm being the same as the number of optical output ports;

The laser device converts the electrical signal into a second uplink optical signal, and outputs the second uplink optical signal through the optical output port, including:

The laser converts the electric signal into a second uplink optical signal, and outputs the second uplink optical signal to the optical output port through the second wdm;

The method further comprises the following steps:

And transmitting the downlink optical signal to the first-stage optical splitter through the second wdm.

13. The method of any one of claims 8 to 12, wherein the optical splitter further comprises a second pd, and wherein the second pd and a third wdm are disposed between the laser and one optical transmission port;

The method further comprises the following steps:

And the second pd receiving local side equipment converts the target optical signal into an electrical signal through the target optical signal transmitted by the third wdm, transmits the electrical signal to the laser, and is used for providing a bias current for the laser or amplifying the electrical signal received by the laser and provided by the first pd.

14. An optical splitter, characterized in that it comprises a plurality of optical input ports, one or more optical output ports, an optical amplifier, one or more third optical-to-electrical converters pd;

the optical amplifier is connected with the one or more optical output ports through optical waveguides;

the optical amplifier is electrically connected to the one or more third pds;

The optical amplifier is connected with the plurality of optical input ports through optical waveguides;

when the third pd is one, the third pd is connected with a plurality of optical input ports through optical waveguides;

When the third pds are plural, each third pd is connected to one optical input port through an optical waveguide and each third pd is connected to a different optical input port, or each third pd is connected to plural optical input ports through an optical waveguide and each third pd is connected to a different optical input port.

15. The optical splitter according to claim 14, further comprising a coupler and N-stage optical splitters, wherein the N-stage optical splitters include 2 ^N -1 optical splitters, the nth-stage optical splitters are 2 x 2 optical splitters, and the other optical splitters of the N-stage optical splitters except the nth-stage optical splitters are 1 x 2 optical splitters or 2 x 2 optical splitters, wherein the ith-stage optical splitters include 2 ^i-1 optical splitters, wherein the ith-stage optical splitters of the N-stage optical splitters are connected to the (i + 1) -stage optical splitters through optical waveguides, the nth-stage optical splitters are connected to the plurality of optical input ports, N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1, and i is greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to N;

the coupler comprises a first end and a second end, the first end is connected with the optical amplifier through an optical waveguide, the second end is connected with an optical splitter in the mth optical splitter through an optical waveguide, and m is larger than or equal to 1 and smaller than or equal to N.

16. the optical splitter of claim 15 wherein the plurality of third pds is 2 ^N-1 third pds, and wherein one of the nth order splitters is disposed between each third pd and the optical input port.

17. The optical splitter of claim 14, wherein the optical splitter comprises a third pd. optical splitter further comprising 2 ^N fourth wdm, a multiple-in-dual-out component, and N-stage splitters, wherein the N-stage splitters comprise 2 ^N -1 splitters, the splitters are 1 x 2 splitters or 2 x 2 splitters, wherein the i-stage splitter comprises 2 ^i-1 splitters, wherein the i-stage splitter is connected to the i + 1-stage splitter by an optical waveguide, wherein the N-stage splitter is connected to the plurality of optical input ports by an optical waveguide, wherein N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1, and wherein i is greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to N;

The multi-input double-output part comprises 2 ^N input ports and two output ports;

A multi-input and double-output part and a fourth wdm are sequentially arranged between the third pd and each optical input port;

the upstream light incident side of each optical splitter in the Nth-level optical splitter comprises two light splitting ports, each fourth wdm in the 2 ^N fourth wdms is connected with one light splitting port on the upstream light incident side of one optical splitter in the Nth-level optical splitter through an optical waveguide, each fourth wdm is connected with a different light splitting port, each fourth wdm is connected with the input port of the multiple-in double-out component through an optical waveguide, and two output ports of the multiple-in double-out component are respectively connected with the third pd and the optical amplifier through optical waveguides.

18. The optical splitter according to any one of claims 15 to 17, wherein the optical amplifier is a semiconductor amplifier;

The optical splitter further comprises a fourth pd and a fifth wdm, the fourth pd being optically waveguided with the optical amplifier, the fourth pd being optically waveguided with the fifth wdm, the fifth wdm being optically waveguided with one optical output port, the fifth wdm being optically waveguided with the optical amplifier.

19. The optical splitter according to any one of claims 15 to 18, wherein the optical splitter further comprises one or more sixth wdm(s) equal in number to the number of optical output ports, the upstream optical output side of the first stage optical splitter of the N-stage optical splitters comprises two optical splitting ports, and the sixth wdm(s) is connected with one optical splitting port of the upstream optical output side of the first stage optical splitter of the N-stage optical splitter by an optical waveguide;

A sixth wdm is disposed between the optical amplifier and each optical output port.

20. The optical splitter of claim 15 wherein there are two optical output ports;

an optical switch, a 1 × 2 optical splitter, or a 2 × 2 optical splitter is provided between the optical output port and the optical amplifier.

21. A method for transmitting an optical signal, the method being applied to the optical splitter according to any one of claims 15 to 20, the method comprising:

the third pd receives a third upstream optical signal through an optical input port;

said third pd converting said third upstream optical signal to an electrical signal and transmitting said electrical signal to said optical amplifier;

The optical amplifier receives a fourth uplink optical signal through an optical input port, amplifies the fourth uplink optical signal through the electrical signal, and outputs the fourth uplink optical signal through the optical output port.

22. The method of claim 21, wherein the optical splitter further comprises a coupler, 2 ^N first Wavelength Division Multiplexers (WDM), and an N-level optical splitter;

the optical amplifier receives a fourth upstream optical signal through an optical input port, and includes:

The optical amplifier receives a fourth uplink optical signal obtained by coupling through a coupler, wherein the coupler receives the fourth uplink optical signal from the mth-stage optical splitter.

23. the method of claim 21, wherein the optical splitter comprises a third pd, and wherein the optical splitter further comprises 2 ^N fourth wdm, one multiple-in-dual-out component;

Said third pd receiving a third upstream optical signal through said optical input port comprising:

the third pd receives a third upstream optical signal of fifth upstream optical signals received by the mimo component from a fourth wdm, the fifth upstream optical signals being transmitted to the fourth wdm through an optical input port;

the optical amplifier receives a fourth uplink optical signal of the fifth uplink optical signals received by the multiple-input-dual-output part from a fourth wdm;

The method further comprises the following steps:

Transmitting a downstream optical signal through the fourth wdm to an optical input port.

24. the method of claim 22 or 23, wherein the optical amplifier is a semiconductor amplifier, and the optical splitter further comprises a fourth pd and a fifth wdm;

the method further comprises the following steps:

And the fourth pd receiving local side equipment converts the target optical signal into an electrical signal through the target optical signal transmitted by the fifth wdm, and transmits the electrical signal to the optical amplifier, so as to provide a bias current for the optical amplifier or amplify the electrical signal received by the optical amplifier and provided by the third pd.

25. the method of any one of claims 22 to 24, wherein the optical splitter further comprises one or more sixth wdm;

The outputting through the optical output port includes:

And outputting the amplified fourth uplink optical signal to an optical output port through the sixth wdm.

The method further comprises the following steps:

And transmitting the downlink optical signal to the first-stage optical splitter through the sixth wdm.