CN110556617A - Miniaturized high-isolation vehicle-mounted radio frequency signal separator - Google Patents
Miniaturized high-isolation vehicle-mounted radio frequency signal separator Download PDFInfo
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- CN110556617A CN110556617A CN201910835178.0A CN201910835178A CN110556617A CN 110556617 A CN110556617 A CN 110556617A CN 201910835178 A CN201910835178 A CN 201910835178A CN 110556617 A CN110556617 A CN 110556617A
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- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000008054 signal transmission Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 34
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 9
- 230000006855 networking Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241001620634 Roger Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000010923 batch production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
- H01P1/00—Auxiliary devices
- H01P1/20—Frequency-selective devices, e.g. filters
- H01P1/213—Frequency-selective devices, e.g. filters combining or separating two or more different frequencies
- H01P1/2135—Frequency-selective devices, e.g. filters combining or separating two or more different frequencies using strip line filters
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Abstract
The invention discloses a miniaturized high-isolation vehicle-mounted radio frequency signal separator, which is formed by stacking an upper dielectric substrate (4) and a lower dielectric substrate (5) which have the same size; an upper isolation metal layer (6) is coated on the upper surface of the upper-layer dielectric substrate (4), a lower isolation metal layer (8) is coated on the lower surface of the lower-layer dielectric substrate (5), and a geometric signal metal layer (7) is arranged between the upper-layer dielectric substrate (4) and the lower-layer dielectric substrate (5); the signal separator comprises three ports, namely a low-frequency output port (1), an input port (2) and a high-frequency output port (3). The structure of the invention can realize the signal transmission and separation functions of different working frequency bands, and the signal separator can be applied to vehicle-mounted radio frequency communication systems working at different frequency bands and has the advantages of high isolation, miniaturization, simple manufacture, low cost and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention discloses a method for realizing a radio frequency signal separator applied to an automobile communication system, and belongs to the technical field of automobile radio frequency.
Background
At present, in the fields of wireless communication, radio frequency, vehicle traffic and the like, multi-frequency work is more and more common, and spectrum resources are increasingly tense, so that the requirements on isolation of different frequency bands are correspondingly improved. For the signal separator working in the radio frequency band, the performance of the signal separator can directly affect the communication quality of the whole vehicle-mounted system. Therefore, designing a signal separator with high isolation, high stability and small volume becomes a key link of the automobile radio frequency technology.
The signal separator is also called as duplexer and antenna duplexer, and is a special bidirectional three-port passive device. Two of the ports transmit or receive signals operating in two frequency bands, respectively, and receive or transmit an integrated signal containing two frequencies through a third port. The design indexes include pass band range, insertion loss, return loss, stop band suppression and the like, and the specific circuit structure can be equivalent to lumped-parameter capacitance and inductance elements. By designing the filter meeting the corresponding indexes, the function of separating signals of two radio frequency bands is realized, the independent and stable work of the vehicle-mounted radio frequency communication systems of different frequency bands is ensured, and the signals are not influenced with each other. Most of the existing signal separators are designed to be narrow-band, only two or more narrow-band signals can be integrated, most of the existing signal separators adopt waveguide or microstrip line structures, the waveguide structures cause the signal separators to have large volumes and are difficult to integrate, and the microstrip line structures cause the performance of the signal separators to be greatly influenced by surrounding circuits and overall structures. Therefore, signal splitting based on waveguide or microstrip line structures is not suitable for vehicle applications.
The miniaturized high-isolation vehicle-mounted radio frequency signal separator provided by the invention adopts a strip line technology, and adopts the combination of a low-pass filtering channel and a band-pass filtering channel, so that the separation of signals in wireless communication frequency bands of 2G/3G/4G/LTE and the like and signals in V2X vehicle networking frequency bands can be realized, the in-band insertion loss is less than 0.7dB, the in-band reflection coefficient is less than-14 dB, the in-band isolation between two output ports is higher than 55dB, and the size is compact.
Disclosure of Invention
the technical problem is as follows: the invention aims to solve the problem of stable transmission and separation of the conventional vehicle-mounted radio frequency signal in a LT2G/3G/4G/LTE (Long term evolution) wireless communication frequency band and a V2X vehicle networking frequency band. The signal separator has high isolation, small volume and modularization, is convenient for batch production, promotes the development and progress of the automobile radio frequency field, and can be applied to the relevant fields of automobile communication systems and the like.
The technical scheme is as follows: the miniaturized high-isolation vehicle-mounted radio frequency signal separator is formed by stacking an upper dielectric substrate and a lower dielectric substrate which have the same size; an upper isolation metal layer is coated on the upper surface of the upper-layer dielectric substrate, a lower isolation metal layer is coated on the lower surface of the lower-layer dielectric substrate, and a signal metal layer in a geometric shape is arranged between the upper-layer dielectric substrate and the lower-layer dielectric substrate; the signal separator includes three ports, a low frequency output port, an input port, and a high frequency output port.
The signal metal layer includes: the band-pass filter is characterized by comprising a microstrip line connected with an input port, a microstrip line connected with a low-pass output port connected with a low-frequency output port, a microstrip line connected with a high-frequency output port, a right-angle-cut bending structure and a loading open-circuit stub line, wherein the microstrip line is connected with the input port, the right-angle-cut bending structure is arranged between the microstrip line and the microstrip line connected with the low-pass output port, the loading open-circuit stub line is arranged between the microstrip line and the microstrip.
The low-pass filter loaded with the open-circuit stub comprises a first open-circuit stub, a second open-circuit stub and a third open-circuit stub, the three open-circuit stubs are parallel to each other and different in length and thickness, and the three open-circuit stubs are vertically connected to a port of the low-pass output to be connected with a microstrip line.
The number of the open stub lines is greater than or equal to 1, and the number increases with the increase of the bandwidth and the rectangular coefficient of the edge of the pass band.
The band-pass filter loaded with the cascade coupling split resonant ring comprises a miniaturized split resonant ring, a first split resonant ring, a second split resonant ring and a third split resonant ring which are sequentially arranged; the other end of the miniaturized open-ended resonant ring is connected with the input port and the microstrip line, and the other end of the third open-ended resonant ring is connected with the high-frequency output port and the microstrip line; the four resonance rings are different in size and are in a ladder cascade coupling arrangement form. The number of the resonant rings is more than or equal to 1, the number of the resonant rings is increased along with the increase of bandwidth and the rectangular coefficient at the edge of the passband, and the distance between the adjacent resonant rings is reduced along with the increase of the bandwidth.
The miniaturized opening resonant ring is a miniaturized resonant ring, and the geometric shape of the miniaturized opening resonant ring is a square ring which is bent inwards and extends at the opening.
The geometrical shapes of the first resonance split resonance ring, the second resonance split resonance ring and the third resonance split resonance ring are split square rings, and when the resonance rings are sequentially arranged, the split directions of the adjacent resonance rings are opposite; the four resonance rings are different in size and are in a ladder cascade coupling arrangement form.
Has the advantages that: the signal separator provided by the invention has the following advantages:
(1) Good signal separation characteristics. By designing the stripline filter circuit structure of the corresponding working frequency band, signals of different frequency bands can be separated and transmitted to two specific ports, and the signals of the two frequency bands are respectively output. The signals between the two ports are not interfered with each other, the isolation effect is good, and the isolation degree in the working frequency band is higher than 55 dB.
(2) Stable signal transmission characteristics. The return loss of each port of the separator is very low, the in-band reflection coefficient is less than-14 dB, meanwhile, the insertion loss characteristic is good, the in-band insertion loss is less than 0.7dB, and signals can be stably and efficiently transmitted from the input port to the output port.
(3) High isolation from the outside. Because the strip line structure is adopted, the upper layer of the upper layer dielectric substrate and the lower layer of the lower layer dielectric substrate are coated with the isolation metal layers, and therefore the performance of the internal strip line circuit cannot be influenced by other structures such as an external vehicle-mounted circuit, an antenna and the like.
(3) Miniaturization, high practicability and simple manufacture. Compared with a waveguide and microstrip line structure, the whole design size of the stripline circuit structure is smaller, and the occupied space is greatly reduced. Meanwhile, the antenna is convenient to manufacture and link with other transmission circuits (including active devices and antennas), has higher practicability in an automobile communication system, is easy to integrate and convenient to process, and has advantages in mass production.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic exterior view of the present invention; fig. 1a is a front view and fig. 1b is a side view.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a stripline circuit structure of the miniaturized high-isolation vehicle radio frequency signal splitter.
Fig. 3 shows a reflection coefficient S 11 of an output port 1 and a transmission coefficient S 21 between an input port 2 and the output port 1 of the miniaturized high-isolation vehicle-mounted radio frequency signal separator.
Fig. 4 shows a reflection coefficient S 33 of the output port 3 and a transmission coefficient S 23 between the input port 2 and the output port 3 of the miniaturized high-isolation vehicle-mounted radio frequency signal splitter.
Fig. 5 shows a reflection coefficient S 22 of the input port 2 and a mutual coupling coefficient S 31 between the output port 1 and the output port 3 of the miniaturized high-isolation vehicle-mounted radio frequency signal splitter.
The above figures include: the low-frequency resonant cavity comprises a low-frequency output port 1, an input port 2, a high-frequency output port 3, an upper-layer dielectric substrate 4, a lower-layer dielectric substrate 5, an upper-layer isolation metal layer 6, a signal metal layer 7, a lower-layer isolation metal layer 8, a microstrip line 9 connected at the input port, a microstrip line 10 connected at the low-pass output port, a microstrip line 11 connected at the high-frequency output port, a low-pass filter 12 loaded with an open stub, a band-pass filter 13 loaded with a cascade coupling open-ended resonant ring, a right-angle-cut bending structure 14, a first open stub 15, a second open stub 16, a third open stub 17, a miniaturized open-ended resonant ring 18, a first resonant open-ended resonant ring 19, a second resonant open-.
Detailed Description
The invention discloses a miniaturized high-isolation vehicle-mounted radio frequency signal separator which is characterized in that a signal is connected into an input port 2 by the signal separator, signals of two frequency bands are separated out, and the signals are respectively output through a low-frequency output port 1 and a high-frequency output port 3. By utilizing a circuit structure based on a dielectric substrate and in a strip line form, three open-circuit stub lines are designed and loaded to serve as a low-pass filter, signal separation and transmission of a 2G/3G/4G/LTE frequency band are achieved, and signal separation and transmission of a V2X frequency band are achieved by designing a cascade coupling open-ended resonant ring to serve as a band-pass filter. The sizes of the four cascaded coupling opening resonant rings are different.
Fig. 1 shows an external view of the signal separator. Fig. 1a is a front view of the external appearance, and signals with two frequency bands enter from an input port 2 at the lower side of the front view and are output from a low-frequency output port 1 and a high-frequency output port 3 at the right side of the front view. The low-frequency output port 1 outputs signals of a 2G/3G/4G/LTE frequency band, and the high-frequency output port 3 outputs signals of a V2X vehicle networking frequency band. Fig. 1b is an appearance side view, the signal separator is formed by stacking an upper dielectric substrate 4 and a lower dielectric substrate 5, an upper isolation metal layer 6 is coated on the upper surface of the upper dielectric substrate, a lower isolation metal layer 8 is coated on the lower surface of the lower dielectric substrate, and the upper isolation metal layer 6 and the lower isolation metal layer 8 have a good isolation effect with respect to the outside. A signal metal layer 7 is arranged between the upper dielectric substrate 4 and the lower dielectric substrate 5, and the etched metal layer is of a strip line circuit structure.
Fig. 2 shows a schematic diagram of a stripline structure of the signal metal layer 7 etched by the signal separator, which realizes the separation of the transmission and the frequency band of the radio frequency signal. The structure includes: the input port 2 is connected with the input port and connected with the microstrip line 9, the low-frequency output port 1 is connected with the low-pass output port and connected with the microstrip line 10, and the right-angle bending part is provided with a right-angle cutting and bending structure 14 for reducing reflection. A low-pass filtering channel is formed between the microstrip line 9 connected at the input port and the microstrip line 10 connected at the low-pass output port, the low-pass filtering channel comprises three open-circuit stub lines, namely a first open-circuit stub line 15, a second open-circuit stub line 16 and a third open-circuit stub line 17, the open-circuit stub lines are different in length and thickness, and the low-pass filter can separate signals in a 2G/3G/4G/LTE low-frequency band. The high-frequency output port 3 is connected with a connecting microstrip line 11 at the high-frequency output port, a low-pass filter 12 loaded with an open-circuit stub line and formed by stepped cascade coupling of a miniaturized open-circuit resonant ring 18, a first resonant open-circuit resonant ring 19, a second resonant open-circuit resonant ring 20 and a third resonant open-circuit resonant ring 21 is arranged between the connecting microstrip line 9 at the input port and the connecting microstrip line 11 at the high-frequency output port, and the low-pass filter 12 loaded with the open-circuit stub line separates out signals in a high-frequency V2X vehicle networking frequency range. The distance between the miniaturized open-ended resonant ring 18 closest to the input port 2 and the right-angled and bent structure 14 of the low-pass channel needs to be precisely controlled, so that the low-pass filter 12 loaded with the open-ended stub of the low-frequency channel is equivalent to an open circuit at the miniaturized open-ended resonant ring 18 in the high-frequency band, and the band-pass filter of the high-frequency channel is equivalent to an open circuit in the 2G/3G/4G/LTE low-frequency band. The signals between the two output ports are not communicated, so that the separation of the vehicle-mounted radio frequency signals is realized.
FIG. 3 shows a reflection coefficient S 11 of a low-frequency output port 1 and a transmission coefficient S 21 between an input port 2 and the low-frequency output port 1 of the miniaturized high-isolation vehicle-mounted radio frequency signal separator, wherein S 11 is smaller than-14 dB and S 21 is larger than-0.7 dB in a 0.7-2.7 GHz frequency band where wireless communication frequency bands such as 2G/3G/4G/LTE and the like are located.
FIG. 4 shows the reflection coefficient S 33 of the high-frequency output port 3 of the miniaturized high-isolation vehicle-mounted radio-frequency signal separator and the transmission coefficient S 23 between the input port 2 and the high-frequency output port 3. in the 5.915-5.925 GHz frequency band where the V2X vehicle networking is located, S 33 is smaller than-14 dB, and S 23 is larger than-0.7 dB.
FIG. 5 shows a reflection coefficient S 22 of an input port 2 of the miniaturized high-isolation vehicle-mounted radio frequency signal separator and a mutual coupling coefficient S 31 between a low-frequency output port 1 and a high-frequency output port 3. in a 0.7-2.7 GHz frequency band where a 2G/3G/4G/LTE wireless communication frequency band is located and a 5.915-5.925 GHz frequency band where a V2X vehicle networking is located, S 22 is smaller than-14 dB, and S 31 is smaller than-55 dB.
The specific parameters of the Roger RO4003C dielectric substrate adopted by the invention are as follows: the dielectric substrate has a length of 35mm, a width of 30mm and a relative dielectric constant of 3.55. The signal separator is formed by stacking two layers of dielectric substrates, the thickness of each layer of dielectric substrate is 1.524mm, the upper layer, the lower layer and the middle interlayer are copper-clad metal layers, the thickness of the copper-clad layer is 0.018mm, and the copper-clad layer of the middle interlayer is etched into a stripline circuit structure.
Claims (7)
1. A miniaturized high-isolation vehicle-mounted radio frequency signal separator is characterized by being formed by stacking an upper dielectric substrate (4) and a lower dielectric substrate (5) which have the same size; an upper isolation metal layer (6) is coated on the upper surface of the upper-layer dielectric substrate (4), a lower isolation metal layer (8) is coated on the lower surface of the lower-layer dielectric substrate (5), and a geometric signal metal layer (7) is arranged between the upper-layer dielectric substrate (4) and the lower-layer dielectric substrate (5); the signal separator comprises three ports, namely a low-frequency output port (1), an input port (2) and a high-frequency output port (3).
2. The miniaturized high-isolation vehicle radio frequency signal splitter according to claim 1, wherein the signal metal layer (7) comprises: the band-pass filter comprises a microstrip line (9) connected with an input port (2) at an input port, a microstrip line (10) connected with a low-frequency output port (1) at a low-pass output port, a microstrip line (11) connected with a high-frequency output port (3) at a high-frequency output port, a right-angle-cut bending structure (14) and a loading open-circuit stub line low-pass filter (12) which are arranged between the microstrip line (9) connected with the input port and the microstrip line (10) connected with the low-pass output port, and a loading cascade coupling open-circuit resonant ring (13) which is arranged between the microstrip line (9) connected with the high-frequency output port and the.
3. The miniaturized high-isolation vehicle-mounted radio frequency signal separator according to claim 1, wherein the open stub-loaded low-pass filter (12) comprises a first open stub (15), a second open stub (16) and a third open stub (17), the three open stubs are parallel to each other and have different lengths and thicknesses, and are vertically connected to the microstrip line (10) connected to the low-pass output port.
4. The miniaturized high-isolation vehicle-mounted radio frequency signal separator as claimed in claim 3, wherein the number of the open stub lines is greater than or equal to 1, and the number increases with the increase of bandwidth and the increase of pass band edge rectangular coefficient.
5. The miniaturized high-isolation vehicle-mounted radio frequency signal separator as claimed in claim 1, wherein the band-pass filter (13) loading the cascade coupling split resonant ring comprises a miniaturized split resonant ring (18) and three split resonant rings of a first split resonant ring (19), a second split resonant ring (20) and a third split resonant ring (21) which are sequentially arranged; the other end of the miniaturized open-ended resonant ring (18) is connected with the input port and is connected with a microstrip line (9), and the other end of the third resonant open-ended resonant ring (21) is connected with the high-frequency output port and is connected with a microstrip line (11); the four resonance rings are different in size and are in a ladder cascade coupling arrangement form. The number of the resonant rings is more than or equal to 1, the number of the resonant rings is increased along with the increase of bandwidth and the rectangular coefficient at the edge of the passband, and the distance between the adjacent resonant rings is reduced along with the increase of the bandwidth.
6. The miniaturized high-isolation vehicle-mounted radio frequency signal separator as claimed in claim 1, wherein the miniaturized split resonant ring (18) is a miniaturized resonant ring, and the geometric shape is a square ring with an inward bending extending opening.
7. The miniaturized high-isolation vehicle-mounted radio frequency signal separator according to claim 1, wherein the first resonant split resonant ring (19), the second resonant split resonant ring (20) and the third resonant split resonant ring (21) are geometrically open square rings, and when the resonant rings are sequentially arranged, the openings of the adjacent resonant rings are reversed; the four resonance rings are different in size and are in a ladder cascade coupling arrangement form.
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Cited By (1)
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CN114447546A (en) * | 2022-01-22 | 2022-05-06 | 北京邮电大学 | High-isolation subminiature planar duplexer for communication |
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Application publication date: 20191210 |
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