CN110556262B - High-voltage circuit breaker - Google Patents
High-voltage circuit breaker Download PDFInfo
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- CN110556262B CN110556262B CN201910456332.3A CN201910456332A CN110556262B CN 110556262 B CN110556262 B CN 110556262B CN 201910456332 A CN201910456332 A CN 201910456332A CN 110556262 B CN110556262 B CN 110556262B
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- circuit breaker
- voltage circuit
- tulip
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- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 241000722921 Tulipa gesneriana Species 0.000 claims description 40
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 5
- 101001121408 Homo sapiens L-amino-acid oxidase Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 102100026388 L-amino-acid oxidase Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 101100012902 Saccharomyces cerevisiae (strain ATCC 204508 / S288c) FIG2 gene Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012432 intermediate storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
- H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
- H01H33/7015—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid characterised by flow directing elements associated with contacts
- H01H33/7023—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid characterised by flow directing elements associated with contacts characterised by an insulating tubular gas flow enhancing nozzle
- H01H33/703—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid characterised by flow directing elements associated with contacts characterised by an insulating tubular gas flow enhancing nozzle having special gas flow directing elements, e.g. grooves, extensions
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
- H01H33/02—Details
- H01H33/04—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
- H01H33/22—Selection of fluids for arc-extinguishing
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
- H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
- H01H33/88—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts
- H01H33/90—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism
- H01H33/901—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism making use of the energy of the arc or an auxiliary arc
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
- H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
- H01H33/88—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts
- H01H33/90—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism
- H01H33/91—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism the arc-extinguishing fluid being air or gas
Landscapes
- Circuit Breakers (AREA)
Abstract
Description
技术领域Technical Field
本发明涉及一种高压断路器。The invention relates to a high voltage circuit breaker.
背景技术Background technique
高压断路器已被公知达很长时间。高压断路器具有两个接触元件，其可沿着高压断路器的中心轴线相对于彼此而移动。在两个接触元件之间存在电弧区，当切换高压断路器时，在电弧区中产生电弧，必须例如使用熄灭气体来熄灭电弧。High-voltage circuit breakers have been known for a long time. High-voltage circuit breakers have two contact elements that can move relative to each other along the central axis of the high-voltage circuit breaker. Between the two contact elements there is an arc zone in which an arc is generated when the high-voltage circuit breaker is switched, which must be extinguished, for example, using an extinguishing gas.
图1显示了现有技术的高压断路器的部分的横截面图示。该高压断路器1具有两个相对的接触元件3、4，其可借助于驱动器沿着高压断路器的中心轴线2相对于彼此而移动。接触元件3采取金属郁金香型触头的形式，而接触元件4采取金属销型触头的形式。电弧区5设在两个接触元件3、4之间，例如当高压断路器断开且两个接触元件彼此分开时，在电弧区5中形成电弧。FIG1 shows a cross-sectional view of a portion of a prior art high-voltage circuit breaker. The high-voltage circuit breaker 1 has two opposing contact elements 3, 4, which can be moved relative to each other along the central axis 2 of the high-voltage circuit breaker by means of a drive. The contact element 3 takes the form of a metal tulip contact, while the contact element 4 takes the form of a metal pin contact. An arc zone 5 is provided between the two contact elements 3, 4, in which an arc is formed, for example, when the high-voltage circuit breaker is disconnected and the two contact elements are separated from each other.
此外，图1中显示的高压断路器1具有基本上圆柱形的辅助喷嘴6，其至少部分地包围接触元件3。辅助喷嘴的内表面6a面向电弧区5。Furthermore, the high-voltage circuit breaker 1 shown in FIG1 has a substantially cylindrical auxiliary nozzle 6 which at least partially surrounds the contact element 3. An inner surface 6a of the auxiliary nozzle faces the arc zone 5.
此外，显示的高压断路器1具有主喷嘴7，其至少部分地包围辅助喷嘴6。Furthermore, the high-voltage circuit breaker 1 shown has a main nozzle 7 which at least partially surrounds the auxiliary nozzle 6 .
在辅助喷嘴6与主喷嘴7之间形成通道10，通道10将电弧区域5与鼓吹空间(volume)8(特别是加热空间和/或鼓吹活塞空间8)连接。鼓吹空间8沿径向方向9布置在辅助喷嘴6的外侧。通道10具有成角度的设计，且具有第一通道区段10a和第二通道区段10b。第一通道区段10a通向电弧区5中，且相对于中心轴线2成直角而延伸，即沿径向方向9延伸。第二通道区段10b通向鼓吹空间8中，且在辅助喷嘴6与主喷嘴7之间平行于中心轴线2而延伸，即沿轴向方向11延伸。A channel 10 is formed between the auxiliary nozzle 6 and the main nozzle 7, which connects the arc region 5 with a blowing volume 8, in particular a heating volume and/or a blowing piston volume 8. The blowing volume 8 is arranged outside the auxiliary nozzle 6 in a radial direction 9. The channel 10 has an angled design and has a first channel section 10a and a second channel section 10b. The first channel section 10a opens into the arc region 5 and extends at right angles to the center axis 2, i.e. in a radial direction 9. The second channel section 10b opens into the blowing volume 8 and extends parallel to the center axis 2 between the auxiliary nozzle 6 and the main nozzle 7, i.e. in an axial direction 11.
在金属郁金香型触头3与辅助喷嘴6之间形成额外的通道13。因此，在高压断路器的断开阶段期间，在辅助喷嘴6与金属郁金香型触头3之间的区域中出现气体流。An additional channel 13 is formed between the metal tulip contact 3 and the auxiliary nozzle 6. Thus, a gas flow occurs in the region between the auxiliary nozzle 6 and the metal tulip contact 3 during the opening phase of the high-voltage circuit breaker.
根据DE102009009450A1，一种开关装置组件属于现有技术，该开关装置组件具有切换气体中间存储装置和突出到后者中的流动方向控制装置。流动方向控制装置至少在一些区段中设计为具有出口开口的文丘里(venturi)喷嘴。该开关装置组件还具有电弧接触元件、电弧方向控制喷嘴和辅助喷嘴。电弧接触元件中的一个为管状的，且在其面向另一个电弧接触元件的端部处具有支座。该第二电弧接触元件设计成具有相反的销形形状，使得其可插入到第一电弧接触元件的支座中，且实现两个电弧接触元件之间的电流接触。在电弧方向控制喷嘴与辅助喷嘴之间形成切换气体出口通道。在其径向外部区域中，管状的电弧接触元件直接位于辅助喷嘴上。According to DE102009009450A1, a switchgear assembly belongs to the prior art, which has a switching gas intermediate storage device and a flow direction control device protruding into the latter. The flow direction control device is designed as a venturi nozzle with an outlet opening at least in some sections. The switchgear assembly also has an arc contact element, an arc direction control nozzle and an auxiliary nozzle. One of the arc contact elements is tubular and has a support at its end facing the other arc contact element. The second arc contact element is designed to have an opposite pin-shaped shape so that it can be inserted into the support of the first arc contact element and realize current contact between the two arc contact elements. A switching gas outlet channel is formed between the arc direction control nozzle and the auxiliary nozzle. In its radially outer region, the tubular arc contact element is directly located on the auxiliary nozzle.
发明内容Summary of the invention
本发明的目标是详细说明一种高压断路器，其电流开断能力提高。该目标通过具有权利要求1中详细说明的特征的高压断路器来实现。在从属权利要求中、权利要求的组合中和说明书以及附图中详细说明了有利的设计和改进。The object of the invention is to specify a high-voltage circuit breaker with an increased current breaking capacity. This object is achieved by a high-voltage circuit breaker having the features specified in claim 1. Advantageous designs and improvements are specified in the dependent claims, in the combinations of claims and in the description and in the drawings.
权利要求1中详细说明的高压断路器具有：两个相对的接触元件，其可沿着高压断路器的中心轴线相对于彼此而移动；设在两个接触元件之间的电弧区；辅助喷嘴，其至少部分地包围接触元件中的一个；主喷嘴，其至少部分地包围辅助喷嘴；通道，其将电弧区连接到鼓吹空间、特别是加热空间和/或鼓吹活塞空间，且其具有第一通道区段，其中第一通道区段通往电弧区中，并且在出口区域中形成停滞点(特别是当鼓吹电弧时)；以及另外的通道，其在辅助喷嘴与两个接触元件中的第一接触元件之间延伸，其中在辅助喷嘴与两个接触元件中的第一接触元件之间延伸的另外的通道在端部处封闭，并且其中停滞点与第一接触元件的最窄位置之间的距离位于5 mm与20 mm之间的范围中。The high-voltage circuit breaker described in detail in claim 1 has: two opposing contact elements, which can be moved relative to each other along the central axis of the high-voltage circuit breaker; an arc zone arranged between the two contact elements; an auxiliary nozzle, which at least partially surrounds one of the contact elements; a main nozzle, which at least partially surrounds the auxiliary nozzle; a channel, which connects the arc zone to a blowing space, in particular a heating space and/or a blowing piston space, and which has a first channel section, wherein the first channel section leads into the arc zone and forms a stagnation point in the outlet area (in particular when blowing the arc); and a further channel, which extends between the auxiliary nozzle and the first of the two contact elements, wherein the further channel extending between the auxiliary nozzle and the first of the two contact elements is closed at the end, and wherein the distance between the stagnation point and the narrowest position of the first contact element is in the range between 5 mm and 20 mm.
在这里，测量停滞点与第一接触元件的最窄位置之间的沿着中心轴线的距离。特别地，第一接触元件包围空间，且具有相对于中心轴线成直角的通过该空间的最小横截面区域，其中最小横截面区域与中心轴线的相交点限定第一接触元件的最窄位置。Here, the distance between the stagnation point and the narrowest position of the first contact element along the central axis is measured. In particular, the first contact element encloses a space and has a minimum cross-sectional area through the space at right angles to the central axis, wherein the intersection of the minimum cross-sectional area and the central axis defines the narrowest position of the first contact element.
以这种方式设计的高压断路器具有以下优点：即使在停滞点与第一接触元件的最窄位置之间使用(非常)小的距离，也可形成(非常)急剧变化的压力分布，该压力分布在很大程度上独立于辅助喷嘴的形状或设计。因此，甚至在辅助喷嘴磨损且因此导致表面改变的情况下或在辅助喷嘴烧穿的情况下，压力分布也几乎没有改变。小的加速距离(根据本发明，其长度在5 mm与20 mm之间的范围中)以及在端部处封闭的郁金香型通道(即在端部处封闭的另外的通道)造成高压断路器的电流开断能力的提高。A high-voltage circuit breaker designed in this way has the following advantages: even with a (very) small distance between the stagnation point and the narrowest position of the first contact element, a (very) sharply changing pressure distribution can be formed, which is largely independent of the shape or design of the auxiliary nozzle. Therefore, even in the case of wear of the auxiliary nozzle and thus surface changes or in the case of burn-through of the auxiliary nozzle, the pressure distribution hardly changes. The small acceleration distance (the length of which, according to the invention, is in the range between 5 mm and 20 mm) and the tulip-shaped channel closed at the end (i.e. the additional channel closed at the end) lead to an increase in the current breaking capacity of the high-voltage circuit breaker.
在实施例的示例中，通过以下事实来进一步提高该电流开断能力：存在于设计为郁金香型触头的接触元件中的郁金香型狭槽也定尺寸成尽可能小，特别地，小于或等于1mm，或小于或等于0.8 mm，或小于或等于0.6 mm。In an example of embodiment, the current breaking capacity is further increased by the fact that the tulip slot present in the contact element designed as a tulip contact is also dimensioned to be as small as possible, in particular, less than or equal to 1 mm, or less than or equal to 0.8 mm, or less than or equal to 0.6 mm.
由本发明的基于附图的示例性阐释得到本发明的另外的有利性质。Further advantageous properties of the invention emerge from the exemplary explanation of the invention based on the drawings.
附图说明BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
图1显示了根据现有技术的高压断路器的部分的横截面图示。Fig. 1 shows a cross-sectional illustration of a portion of a high voltage circuit breaker according to the prior art.
图2显示了根据本发明的实施例的示例的高压断路器的部分的横截面图示。FIG. 2 shows a cross-sectional illustration of a portion of an example high voltage circuit breaker according to an embodiment of the present invention.
参考符号列表Reference Symbols List
1 高压断路器1 High voltage circuit breaker
2 高压断路器的中心轴线2 Center axis of high voltage circuit breaker
3 第一接触元件；郁金香型触头3 First contact element; tulip-type contact
3a 第一接触元件的内表面3a Inner surface of the first contact element
3b 第一接触元件的在郁金香型通道中的外表面3b The outer surface of the first contact element in the tulip-shaped channel
4 第二接触元件；销型触头4 Second contact element; pin-type contact
5 电弧区5 Arc zone
6 辅助喷嘴6 Auxiliary nozzle
6a 辅助喷嘴6的在电弧区中的内表面6a Inner surface of the auxiliary nozzle 6 in the arc zone
6b 辅助喷嘴6的轴向端部区域6b Axial end region of the auxiliary nozzle 6
6c 辅助喷嘴6的在郁金香型通道中的内表面6c Inner surface of the auxiliary nozzle 6 in the tulip-shaped channel
7 主喷嘴7 Main nozzle
7a 主喷嘴7的在电弧区中的内表面7a Inner surface of the main nozzle 7 in the arc zone
7b 主喷嘴7的轴向端部区域7b Axial end region of the main nozzle 7
8 加热空间、鼓吹活塞空间；鼓吹空间8 Heating space, blowing piston space; blowing space
9 径向方向9 Radial direction
10 通道、加热通道10 channels, heating channels
10a 第一通道区段10a First channel section
10b 第二通道区段10b Second channel segment
11 轴向方向11 Axial direction
12 停滞点12 Stagnation Point
13 另外的通道、郁金香型通道13 Other channels, tulip-shaped channels
13a 封闭位置13a Closed position
e 马赫1平面的轴向位置e Axial position of the Mach 1 plane
f 第一通道区段10a的第一边界的轴向位置f Axial position of the first boundary of the first channel section 10a
g 通道区段10a的第二边界的轴向位置。g Axial position of the second boundary of the channel segment 10a.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
图2显示了根据本发明的实施例的示例的高压断路器的部分的横截面图示。该高压断路器1具有两个相对的接触元件3、4，其可借助于驱动器沿着高压断路器的中心轴线2相对于彼此而移动。接触元件3采取金属郁金香型触头的形式，而接触元件4采取金属销型触头的形式。在两个接触元件3、4之间存在电弧区5，例如当高压断路器断开且两个接触元件彼此分开时，在电弧区5中形成电弧。该郁金香型触头具有郁金香型指和设在郁金香型指之间的郁金香型狭槽(其在图2中不可见)，郁金香型狭槽允许郁金香型指变形以容纳销型触头4。FIG2 shows a cross-sectional illustration of a portion of a high-voltage circuit breaker according to an example of an embodiment of the present invention. The high-voltage circuit breaker 1 has two opposing contact elements 3, 4, which can be moved relative to each other along the central axis 2 of the high-voltage circuit breaker by means of a drive. The contact element 3 takes the form of a metal tulip contact, while the contact element 4 takes the form of a metal pin contact. There is an arc zone 5 between the two contact elements 3, 4, for example when the high-voltage circuit breaker is disconnected and the two contact elements are separated from each other, an arc is formed in the arc zone 5. The tulip contact has a tulip finger and a tulip slot (which is not visible in FIG2) provided between the tulip fingers, and the tulip slot allows the tulip finger to deform to accommodate the pin contact 4.
此外，图2中显示的高压断路器1具有圆柱形辅助喷嘴6，其至少部分地包围形成为郁金香型触头的接触元件3。辅助喷嘴6的定位在电弧区5中的内表面6a的区域面向电弧区5。辅助喷嘴6的与接触元件3的径向外表面3b相邻的内表面6c(基本上)沿轴向方向11延伸。在接触元件3的径向外表面3b与辅助喷嘴6的内表面6c之间形成郁金香型通道13，根据本发明，郁金香型通道13在其端部区域(在图2的左手侧上)中具有封闭位置13a，并且在其另一端部区域中以一定距离围绕郁金香型指，或部分地包封郁金香型指，或邻接郁金香型指。通过郁金香型通道13在其首先提到的(左手)端部区域中的封闭，实现了在高压断路器的断开阶段中没有气体流或基本上没有气体流出现在郁金香型通道13中或通过郁金香型通道。Furthermore, the high-voltage circuit breaker 1 shown in FIG. 2 has a cylindrical auxiliary nozzle 6, which at least partially surrounds the contact element 3 formed as a tulip contact. The area of the inner surface 6a of the auxiliary nozzle 6, which is positioned in the arc zone 5, faces the arc zone 5. The inner surface 6c of the auxiliary nozzle 6, which is adjacent to the radial outer surface 3b of the contact element 3, extends (substantially) in the axial direction 11. Between the radial outer surface 3b of the contact element 3 and the inner surface 6c of the auxiliary nozzle 6, a tulip channel 13 is formed, which, according to the invention, has a closed position 13a in its end region (on the left-hand side of FIG. 2) and surrounds the tulip finger at a distance in its other end region, or partially encloses the tulip finger, or adjoins the tulip finger. By closing the tulip channel 13 in its first-mentioned (left-hand) end region, it is achieved that no gas flow or substantially no gas flow occurs in or through the tulip channel 13 during the disconnection phase of the high-voltage circuit breaker.
该效果优选地进一步得到改善，这是因为郁金香型触头3中存在的郁金香型狭槽(其允许郁金香型触头的指变形)也具有小尺寸，优选地小于或等于1 mm。如果郁金香型狭槽被选择成小于或等于0.8 mm，则该效果进一步得到改善。在特别优选的实施例中，郁金香型狭槽被选择成小于或等于0.6 mm。This effect is preferably further improved in that the tulip slot present in the tulip contact 3, which allows deformation of the fingers of the tulip contact, also has small dimensions, preferably less than or equal to 1 mm. This effect is further improved if the tulip slot is chosen to be less than or equal to 0.8 mm. In a particularly preferred embodiment, the tulip slot is chosen to be less than or equal to 0.6 mm.
此外，这里显示的高压断路器1具有主喷嘴7，其至少部分地包围辅助喷嘴6。主喷嘴7的内表面7a的定位在电弧区中的部分面向电弧区5。Furthermore, the high-voltage circuit breaker 1 shown here has a main nozzle 7, which at least partially surrounds the auxiliary nozzle 6. The part of the inner surface 7a of the main nozzle 7 which is located in the arc zone faces the arc zone 5.
在辅助喷嘴6与主喷嘴7之间形成通道10(其也被称为加热通道10)，通道10将电弧区5与鼓吹空间8(特别是加热空间8和/或鼓吹活塞空间8)连接。该鼓吹空间8沿径向方向9布置在辅助喷嘴6的外侧。通道10典型地呈成角度的设计，且具有第一通道区段10a和第二通道区段10b。第一通道区段10a相对于高压断路器的中心轴线2成直角或几乎成直角而延伸，即(基本上)沿径向方向9延伸。第二通道区段10b在辅助喷嘴6与主喷嘴7之间平行于或几乎平行于中心轴线2而延伸，即(基本上)沿轴向方向11延伸。A channel 10 (also referred to as a heating channel 10) is formed between the auxiliary nozzle 6 and the main nozzle 7, which connects the arc zone 5 with the blowing space 8 (in particular the heating space 8 and/or the blowing piston space 8). The blowing space 8 is arranged outside the auxiliary nozzle 6 in the radial direction 9. The channel 10 is typically designed at an angle and has a first channel section 10a and a second channel section 10b. The first channel section 10a extends at a right angle or almost at a right angle to the center axis 2 of the high-voltage circuit breaker, i.e. (substantially) in the radial direction 9. The second channel section 10b extends parallel to or almost parallel to the center axis 2 between the auxiliary nozzle 6 and the main nozzle 7, i.e. (substantially) in the axial direction 11.
另外，图2显示了停滞点12，其定位在中心轴线2上。在该停滞点12处，当由从鼓吹空间8(特别是从加热空间8和/或鼓吹活塞空间8)通过加热通道10流回的熄灭气体(基本上)沿径向方向鼓吹电弧时，气体的流速为零。2 shows a stagnation point 12, which is located on the central axis 2. At this stagnation point 12, when the arc is blown (essentially) in a radial direction by the extinguishing gas flowing back from the blowing space 8 (in particular from the heating space 8 and/or the blowing piston space 8) through the heating channel 10, the flow rate of the gas is zero.
该停滞点12存在于高压断路器1的中心轴线上的轴向位置处，该轴向位置定位在主喷嘴7的限定通道区段10a的端部区段7b与辅助喷嘴6的在通道区段10a的另一侧上限定通道区段10a的端部区段6b之间。图2利用由字母g标记的虚线来示出主喷嘴7的所述端部区段7b的轴向位置。在图2中，辅助喷嘴6的所述端部区段6b(或辅助喷嘴6的限定通道区段10a的轴向端面6b)的轴向位置由标记有字母f的虚线示出。图2还利用由字母e标记的虚线来示出郁金香型触头3的最窄位置(喉部)。This stagnation point 12 exists at an axial position on the central axis of the high-voltage circuit breaker 1, which is located between the end section 7b of the main nozzle 7 that defines the channel section 10a and the end section 6b of the auxiliary nozzle 6 that defines the channel section 10a on the other side of the channel section 10a. FIG. 2 shows the axial position of the end section 7b of the main nozzle 7 using a dotted line marked by the letter g. In FIG. 2, the axial position of the end section 6b of the auxiliary nozzle 6 (or the axial end face 6b of the auxiliary nozzle 6 that defines the channel section 10a) is shown by a dotted line marked with the letter f. FIG. 2 also shows the narrowest position (throat) of the tulip-type contact 3 using a dotted line marked by the letter e.
停滞点12布置在第一通道区段10a与电弧区5之间的汇合处的轴向区域中，即在虚线f与g之间的轴向区域中。在超声速流的状况下，马赫(Mach)1平面定位在郁金香型触头3的最窄位置(喉部)(其由虚线e标记)的轴向区域中。The stagnation point 12 is arranged in the axial region of the junction between the first channel section 10a and the arc zone 5, i.e., in the axial region between the dashed lines f and g. Under supersonic flow conditions, the Mach 1 plane is positioned in the axial region of the narrowest position (throat) of the tulip-type contact 3 (which is marked by the dashed line e).
根据本发明，停滞点12距郁金香型触头3的最窄位置的距离L1被选择成非常小且位于5 mm与20 mm之间的范围中。该范围被选定成使得在一方面，轴向加速距离不会过短，以避免在电弧表面上生成湍流，且在另一方面，轴向加速距离足够长，以确保压力分布增加。在优选的设计中，从郁金香型触头3的最窄位置到停滞点12的距离L1被选择成大于8mm。在特别优选的设计中，从郁金香型触头3的最窄位置到停滞点12的距离L1被选择成大于10 mm。此外，在优选的设计中，从郁金香型触头的最窄位置到停滞点12的距离L1被选择成小于18 mm。在特别优选的设计中，从郁金香型触头的最窄位置到停滞点12的距离L1被选择成小于16 mm，特别地，从郁金香型触头的最窄位置到停滞点12的距离L1被选择成在从12mm到16 mm的范围中。According to the invention, the distance L1 of the stagnation point 12 from the narrowest position of the tulip contact 3 is selected to be very small and lies in the range between 5 mm and 20 mm. This range is selected so that, on the one hand, the axial acceleration distance is not too short to avoid the generation of turbulence on the arc surface, and on the other hand, the axial acceleration distance is long enough to ensure an increased pressure distribution. In a preferred design, the distance L1 from the narrowest position of the tulip contact 3 to the stagnation point 12 is selected to be greater than 8 mm. In a particularly preferred design, the distance L1 from the narrowest position of the tulip contact 3 to the stagnation point 12 is selected to be greater than 10 mm. Furthermore, in a preferred design, the distance L1 from the narrowest position of the tulip contact to the stagnation point 12 is selected to be less than 18 mm. In a particularly preferred design, the distance L1 from the narrowest position of the tulip contact to the stagnation point 12 is selected to be less than 16 mm, in particular, the distance L1 from the narrowest position of the tulip contact to the stagnation point 12 is selected to be in the range from 12 mm to 16 mm.
通过郁金香型通道13的端部封闭而阻止的通过郁金香型通道的气体流确保马赫1平面(具有电弧负载)仅可定位在郁金香型触头3的最窄位置的区域中，而非定位在例如辅助喷嘴6的最窄位置的区域中。如上文已陈述的那样，停滞点12的轴向位置位于表征第一通道区段10a的宽度的两条边界线f与g之间的轴向区域中。The gas flow through the tulip channel, which is blocked by the end closure of the tulip channel 13, ensures that the Mach 1 plane (with arc load) can only be positioned in the region of the narrowest point of the tulip contact 3 and not, for example, in the region of the narrowest point of the auxiliary nozzle 6. As already stated above, the axial position of the stagnation point 12 is located in the axial region between the two boundary lines f and g characterizing the width of the first channel section 10a.
在停滞点12与第一接触元件的最窄位置之间的所选定的短距离L1允许压力分布有上文所述的急剧增加，该压力分布几乎独立于辅助喷嘴6的形状。因此，甚至在磨损的辅助喷嘴6的情况下，压力分布也几乎没有改变。此外，所选定的短距离L1(其位于5 mm与20mm之间的范围中)造成高压断路器1的提高的电流开断能力。The selected short distance L1 between the stagnation point 12 and the narrowest position of the first contact element allows the above-mentioned sharp increase in the pressure distribution, which is almost independent of the shape of the auxiliary nozzle 6. Therefore, even in the case of a worn auxiliary nozzle 6, the pressure distribution hardly changes. In addition, the selected short distance L1, which is in the range between 5 mm and 20 mm, results in an increased current breaking capacity of the high-voltage circuit breaker 1.
为了提高高压断路器的电流开断能力，在端部处完全封闭郁金香型通道将并非绝对必要的。原则上，郁金香型通道在该位置处的急剧变窄将足以实现电流开断能力的提高。然而，由于当郁金香型通道在端部处完全封闭时构建的压力最大，故郁金香型通道在封闭位置处完全封闭是优选的。如果在郁金香型通道中出现气体流，则马赫1平面的轴向位置将取决于辅助喷嘴的磨损而变化，并且压力分布将改变。然而，这并非合乎期望的，这是因为高压断路器的电流开断能力应独立于辅助喷嘴的磨损。因此，在本发明中，不仅选定短的加速长度L1，而且保证郁金香型通道的端部封闭，其中加速长度L1位于5 mm与20 mm之间的范围中。In order to improve the current breaking capacity of the high-voltage circuit breaker, it is not absolutely necessary to completely close the tulip-shaped channel at the end. In principle, the sharp narrowing of the tulip-shaped channel at this position will be sufficient to achieve an increase in the current breaking capacity. However, since the pressure built up when the tulip-shaped channel is completely closed at the end is the largest, it is preferred that the tulip-shaped channel is completely closed at the closed position. If a gas flow occurs in the tulip-shaped channel, the axial position of the Mach 1 plane will vary depending on the wear of the auxiliary nozzle, and the pressure distribution will change. However, this is not desirable because the current breaking capacity of the high-voltage circuit breaker should be independent of the wear of the auxiliary nozzle. Therefore, in the present invention, not only a short acceleration length L1 is selected, but also the end closure of the tulip-shaped channel is ensured, wherein the acceleration length L1 is in the range between 5 mm and 20 mm.
根据有利的设计，出于将创新的高压断路器1连接到数据网络的目的而提供网络接口。高压断路器可经由网络接口连接到数据网络，以执行从数据网络接收的命令，且/或将信息传输到数据网络。例如，以这种方式，可将接通和切断命令传输到高压断路器，且/或可将状态信息从高压断路器1传输到数据网络。According to an advantageous design, a network interface is provided for the purpose of connecting the innovative high-voltage circuit breaker 1 to a data network. The high-voltage circuit breaker can be connected to the data network via the network interface to execute commands received from the data network and/or to transmit information to the data network. For example, in this way, switch-on and switch-off commands can be transmitted to the high-voltage circuit breaker and/or status information can be transmitted from the high-voltage circuit breaker 1 to the data network.
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| EP18175210.6A EP3576125B1 (en) | 2018-05-30 | 2018-05-30 | High voltage circuit breaker |
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| CN101390179A (en) * | 2006-02-28 | 2009-03-18 | Abb研究有限公司 | Arc extinguishing chamber of a high voltage switch having a heated volume for containing the arc extinguishing gas generated by the switching arc |
| DE102009009450A1 (en) * | 2009-02-13 | 2010-08-19 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Switchgear arrangement |
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| DE19512652C1 (en) * | 1995-04-05 | 1996-10-31 | Aeg Energietechnik Gmbh | Pressurised-gas power switch |
| EP2198443B1 (en) * | 2007-10-16 | 2011-02-02 | ABB Research Ltd. | Gas-insulated high-voltage circuit breaker with a relief duct which is controlled by an overflow valve |
| WO2009124582A1 (en) * | 2008-04-07 | 2009-10-15 | Abb Research Ltd | Gas-insulated high voltage switch |
| WO2015028264A2 (en) * | 2013-08-28 | 2015-03-05 | Abb Technology Ag | Gas-insulated high-voltage switchgear |
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| CN101390179A (en) * | 2006-02-28 | 2009-03-18 | Abb研究有限公司 | Arc extinguishing chamber of a high voltage switch having a heated volume for containing the arc extinguishing gas generated by the switching arc |
| DE102009009450A1 (en) * | 2009-02-13 | 2010-08-19 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Switchgear arrangement |
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