CN110555195B - Data processing method and device for space measurement - Google Patents
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C13/00—Surveying specially adapted to open water, e.g. sea, lake, river or canal
- G01C13/002—Measuring the movement of open water
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F17/00—Digital computing or data processing equipment or methods, specially adapted for specific functions
- G06F17/10—Complex mathematical operations
- G06F17/18—Complex mathematical operations for evaluating statistical data, e.g. average values, frequency distributions, probability functions, regression analysis
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L47/00—Traffic control in data switching networks
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A90/00—Technologies having an indirect contribution to adaptation to climate change
- Y02A90/30—Assessment of water resources
Abstract
The invention discloses a data processing method and a device for space measurement, wherein the method comprises the following steps: dividing a space to be measured into a plurality of intervals according to the change of the parameter characteristics of the space to be measured, and dividing each interval into a plurality of equal-proportion cells; the data acquisition device acquires data information among all cells; integrating data information among cells to extract characteristic values among the cells; data compression is carried out on the extracted characteristic values among all the cells to form a target communication format; and packetizing and numbering the data with the target communication format to form data to be transmitted, and transmitting the data to be transmitted to a target receiving device. The data processing method and the data processing device for space measurement provided by the invention process the data information in the complex environment measured by the data acquisition device, extract useful information from a large amount of data measured by the device, reduce a large amount of repeated redundant data, and facilitate direct use of environmental scholars and reduce satellite communication cost and time.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of data processing algorithms, and in particular, to a data processing method and apparatus for spatial measurement.
Background
The self-sustaining profile buoy is used as marine observation equipment, has the characteristics of good secrecy, small volume, light weight, low moving speed and low manufacturing cost, can freely submerge, hover and float in seawater, can be used for carrying relevant sensors in any motion process to measure the temperature, salinity, pressure, dissolved oxygen, nitrate, pH value, chlorophyll fluorescence, particulate matter particle back scattering, irradiance and other data of the seawater, and is transmitted to a ground control center in real time through satellite communication, so that long-term and continuous global underwater marine observation is possible. The self-sustaining profile buoy measures ocean profile elements at a certain frequency during underwater movement (submergence, levitation and floating). The profile elements refer to the values of ocean parameters at different depths from the ocean surface to the ocean floor near a location. The ocean parameter data measured by the sensor contains depth information, and represents data such as temperature, salinity and the like at a certain depth near a certain position. Due to the hydrographic parameters of seawater, there are different properties as depth varies, for example: the sea water temperature is changed more greatly from 0 to 100 meters, but is changed more slowly below 100 meters, the temperature value in a certain depth range is basically kept unchanged, but the sensor still collects data according to a certain frequency in the depth range, and a large amount of redundant data is generated. Because of the non-uniform motion existing in the motion process of the self-sustaining profile buoy, multiple measurements of the sensor in a certain depth range can be caused, and a large amount of redundant data can be generated. According to the different properties of different parameters of the marine hydrologic environment, a proper data processing method is selected, useful data are extracted, and redundant data are removed.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention aims to provide a data processing method and device for spatial measurement, so as to at least partially solve the above problems.
In view of this, the present invention provides in one aspect a data processing method for spatial measurement, comprising:
dividing the space to be measured into a plurality of intervals according to the change of the parameter characteristics of the space to be measured, and then dividing each interval into a plurality of equal-proportion cells.
The data acquisition device acquires data information between cells, and in some embodiments, the steps include:
the data acquisition device acquires data between each cell one or more times, and in other embodiments, each data acquisition comprises:
the data acquisition device acquires the data information among the cells respectively in different motion forms, and numbers and stores the acquired data information according to the different motion forms and processes the acquired data information respectively. Further, when the motion form of the data acquisition device is unchanged in the space to be detected with the same space parameter characteristics, the data information is the first data value acquired by the data acquisition device;
and then numbering the acquired data according to the change of the acquisition times.
Integrating the data information among the cells to extract the characteristic values among the cells, and in some embodiments, the method comprises the following steps:
calculating average value, variance and/or median of data information among cells;
the average value and/or the median is used as a characteristic value between the respective cells.
In some embodiments, the step further comprises:
when the variance obtained according to the data information among the cells is larger than a certain set value, subtracting each data in the data information from the average value, and removing the data with the largest difference value in the subtracting operation to obtain new data information among the cells, wherein the subtracting operation times are smaller than or equal to 3 times;
re-averaging, variance and/or median of the new data information;
when the re-calculated variance is less than or equal to the set value, the corresponding average value and/or median is used as the characteristic value between each cell.
Performing data compression on the extracted characteristic values among all cells to form a target communication format, wherein in some embodiments, lossless compression is adopted for the data compression;
the data with the target communication format is packetized and numbered to form data to be transmitted, the data to be transmitted is transmitted to the target receiving device, and in some embodiments, the data with the target communication format is divided into a plurality of data packets by the packetization, and each data packet is numbered sequentially by the numbering.
Based on the above data processing method, another aspect of the present invention provides a data processing apparatus for spatial measurement, including:
the data characteristic extraction module integrates the data information acquired by the data acquisition device to extract the data characteristic values among different cells;
the data compression module compresses the characteristic value into a target communication format;
and the data packetizing module packetizes and numbers the data with the target communication format to form data to be transmitted.
The data processing method and device for space measurement provided by the invention have the following beneficial effects:
the method processes the data information in the complex environment measured by the data acquisition device such as the sensor, extracts useful information from a large amount of data measured by the device, reduces a large amount of repeated redundant data, and is convenient for the direct use of environmental scholars and reduces the satellite communication cost and time.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a data processing method provided by an embodiment of the invention, wherein data acquired by a sensor is subjected to data feature extraction, lossless compression and data packetization to obtain data to be transmitted;
fig. 2 is a division diagram for ocean depth range, where the extraction of data features only extracts measurement values of sensors in cells according to the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3-5 are sectional motion patterns of the marine internal data acquisition device provided by the embodiment of the invention, the diving, suspending and floating motions can be combined into a plurality of motion patterns, the sectional motion processes are numbered, and fig. 3-5 are illustrative of several motion patterns listed.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent.
In view of the influence of climate, temperature, wind direction, height (depth) and other uncontrollable variables in natural space, a great amount of redundant data exists when the data acquisition device is used for acquiring related space parameters. The use of the method and the problems solved by the method are described in detail through the data acquisition and processing of marine environment parameters in the embodiment of the invention.
A self-sustaining profile buoy is used for carrying a sensor in a marine environment to serve as a data acquisition device, and the non-uniform motion process of the device during working is combined with the property that marine environment parameters change along with depth, so that a large amount of redundant data exist in the data acquired by the sensor, the sensor cannot be directly used for marine scientific research, and meanwhile satellite communication cost is high. The purpose of this embodiment is to provide a processing method and related device for marine profile element measurement data through the data processing method and device for spatial measurement, process the data obtained by measuring the self-supporting profile buoy carrying sensor, reject redundant data, directly extract the data required by marine science research from a large amount of data, reduce the transmission amount of satellite communication data, and accordingly reduce the satellite communication cost.
In one aspect, the present embodiment provides a processing method for marine profile element measurement data based on the above data processing method for spatial measurement, as shown in fig. 1, where the processing method mainly includes: extraction of data features, data compression and data packetization, wherein:
the extraction of the data features is to extract the data features of a plurality of groups of data measured by the sensor in a certain depth range, and extract values capable of representing a plurality of groups of measured data.
The data compression refers to lossless compression of data on the extracted data characteristic values.
The data packetization refers to dividing the data compressed into a plurality of small data packets.
In some embodiments, the data processing method for spatial measurement provided by the present invention specifically includes:
firstly, dividing a space to be measured into a plurality of sections according to the change of the parameter characteristics of the space to be measured, and then dividing each section into a plurality of equal-proportion cells.
In this embodiment, the space to be measured is a marine environment, and the depth range is divided into sections according to the property of the marine environment parameter changing with the depth, and the depth range can be set by a user of the self-supporting profile buoy. The invention provides only one dividing method of the depth range, and the range of the depth interval and the size of the cell can be adjusted according to the property that a certain parameter of seawater changes along with the depth.
The depth range dividing method provided by the embodiment includes: firstly, dividing the space between the sea water surface and the maximum submerging depth into a plurality of depth intervals, wherein only 5 depth intervals are divided in fig. 2; secondly, the inside of each depth interval can be divided into a plurality of equally-spaced cells, and the size of the spacing can be arbitrarily selected.
Then, the data acquisition device acquires data information between each cell.
In this embodiment, the movement of the self-sustaining section buoy includes submerging, floating and hovering, and the sensors carried in any movement process can collect data information according to a certain frequency.
In some embodiments, the data acquisition device acquires data between each cell one or more times, and then numbers the acquired data according to the change of the acquisition times.
In this embodiment, the self-sustaining profile buoy is a profile motion from the beginning of the sea surface submergence to the next time it floats up to the sea surface, as shown in profile motion pattern 1 in fig. 3. Multiple dives and floats can be made during the profile motion. The data processing can process the data obtained by measuring the sensor after the single profile movement, and then the data to be transmitted is transmitted to the ground control center through satellite communication; the sensor can also uniformly process data after measuring the sectional motion for a plurality of times, and the processing process is as follows: firstly, numbering each section movement according to the sequence of the section movements (as section movement form 3 in fig. 5); processing each section motion according to a data processing method of single section motion; and then the data to be transmitted is transmitted to a ground control center through satellite communication.
Based on the steps, each data acquisition comprises:
the data acquisition device acquires data information among cells respectively in different motion forms;
and (5) numbering and storing the acquired data information according to different motion forms, and respectively processing the acquired data information.
Based on the above embodiment, the submerging, floating and hovering of the self-sustaining section buoy are used as different motion forms, and the ending of one section motion is used as the completion of the data information acquisition in the different motion forms. Specifically:
for the inside of single section movement, in the same depth range, the data measured in the submerging process and the data measured in the floating process are stored and processed separately;
for the interior of single section movement, the measured data in the same movement form (floating or submerging) in the same depth range are stored in number and processed respectively. As shown in section motion profile 3 in fig. 5;
for single profile movement, two or more identical movement patterns (floating or submerging) are numbered according to one movement pattern when there is a levitation movement in between within different depth ranges. As shown in the sectional movement form 2 in fig. 4, there is a suspension movement between the two diving movements, and when the collected data is processed in different depth intervals, the processing is regarded as a diving movement processing.
Then, the characteristic value extraction between the cells is performed by integrating the data information between the cells.
In this embodiment, the extraction of the data feature value is to extract a plurality of sets of data measured by the sensor in a depth range, and extract a set of data that can represent the measured data of the sensor in the depth range.
In some embodiments, the step comprises:
calculating average value, variance and/or median of data information among cells;
the average value and/or the median value is used as a characteristic value between the cells.
In this embodiment, the extraction of the data characteristic value is to calculate all values measured by the sensor in the cell. The operation method mainly comprises the following steps: and (5) calculating the average value, variance and median.
Further, the operation process is specifically expressed as follows:
when the variance obtained according to the data information among the cells is larger than a certain set value, subtracting each data in the data information from the average value, and removing the data with the largest difference value in the subtracting operation to obtain new data information among the cells, wherein the subtracting operation times are smaller than or equal to 3 times;
re-averaging, variance and/or median of the new data information;
when the re-calculated variance is less than or equal to the set value, the corresponding average value and/or median is used as the characteristic value between each cell.
In this embodiment, when the variance of the sensor measurement value in the cell is larger (or larger than a certain value), subtracting each data from the average value, and removing the data with the largest difference value obtained in the subtracting operation; and then, the average value, the variance and the median of the rest data in the cells are calculated again, and the previous operation is repeated. The above operation is typically repeated three times, i.e. after removing 3 data, if the variance obtained by the fourth calculation is still large (or larger than a certain value), there are two possibilities: the sensor error is too large, the range setting between cells is unsuitable, the sea water parameter property in the region is not considered, and when the situation is met, all data in the cells are reserved, and the data characteristic value extraction is not carried out.
Wherein the determination of a certain value is determined according to the error magnitude of the sensor and the marine environment parameter characteristics in the depth range.
And extracting the characteristic value when the variance of the measured data in the cell is smaller (or smaller than a certain value) in three times and three times of calculation. And calculating the measured data value in the cell after eliminating the abnormal data less than or equal to 3, and calculating to obtain the average value and the median.
The extraction of the characteristic value is selected by a user to extract the calculated average value and median. Three options exist: only extracting an average value; only extracting the median; both the average and median are extracted.
In the above embodiment, further, when the motion form of the data acquisition device is unchanged in the space to be measured having the same spatial parameter characteristics, the data information is the first data value acquired by the data acquisition device.
In this embodiment, the floating motion state of the self-sustaining cross-section buoy is characterized as such. One feature of the sensor is that the sensor drifts with the sea water (i.e., the motion pattern is unchanged) at a fixed depth (i.e., the sensor has the same spatial parameter characteristics) during the suspension motion, and the measured data depth values are the same. Therefore, when the data features are extracted, only the first depth value measured by the sensor at the beginning of the suspension movement is reserved, and all depth values measured later are deleted. For other parameter values measured, only the first data is retained, and the following data only retains the difference from the first data.
And then carrying out data compression on the extracted characteristic values among the cells to form a target communication format.
Specifically, in this embodiment, the extracted data feature values are subjected to data compression, and the lossless compression is adopted in the data compression method: on the one hand, the data volume is compressed; on the other hand, binary data which is obtained after data compression is converted into hexadecimal data, a satellite communication content format is directly formed, and the data quantity is further compressed. It will be appreciated that the target communication format in this embodiment is a satellite communication content format, but in a specific embodiment, this is not a limitation.
And finally, packetizing and numbering the data with the target communication format to form data to be transmitted, and transmitting the data to be transmitted to a target receiving device.
In some embodiments, the packets divide the data having the destination communication format into a plurality of packets, and the numbering is sequential to each packet.
In this embodiment, the size of the data packet in the data packet is determined by the limited capacity of single satellite communication, and the divided data packets are numbered, where the number content includes: how many packets the data is divided this time, which is what number.
Thus, the processing of the marine profile element measurement data is completed.
In another aspect, based on the implementation method, the present invention further provides a data processing device for spatial measurement, including:
the data characteristic extraction module integrates the data information acquired by the data acquisition device to extract the data characteristic values among different cells;
the data compression module compresses the characteristic value into a target communication format;
and the data packetizing module packetizes and numbers the data with the target communication format to form data to be transmitted.
The device can be used for processing the marine profile element measurement data as in the previous embodiment, and will not be described in detail here.
It should be appreciated that the self-contained profile buoy is only one vehicle with sensors for profile movement, and the method described herein is applicable to all vehicles with sensors for processing data of marine profile element measurements; the ocean profile element measurement is only one implementation mode of the invention, and the invention can also be used for processing measurement data of the high-altitude atmosphere, the deep soil and the like, and is not limited to the processing.
The foregoing description of the embodiments has been provided for the purpose of illustrating the general principles of the invention, and is not meant to limit the invention thereto, but to limit the invention thereto, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and equivalents thereof may be made without departing from the spirit and principles of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. A data processing method for spatial measurements, comprising:
dividing a space to be measured into a plurality of intervals according to the depth range according to the change of the parameter characteristics of the space to be measured, and dividing each interval into a plurality of equal-proportion cells;
the data acquisition device acquires data information among the cells, and the data acquisition device starts from the submergence of the sea surface to the next floating to the sea surface and performs a profile motion;
numbering each section movement according to the sequence of the section movements;
each data acquisition includes:
the data acquisition device respectively acquires data information among cells in different motion forms, the submergence, the floating and the hovering of the data acquisition device are used as different motion forms, and the ending of one profile motion is used for completing the acquisition of the data information in different motion forms;
the acquired data information is numbered and stored according to different motion forms, and the method comprises the following steps of: for the inside of single section movement, in the same depth range, the data measured in the submerging process and the data measured in the floating process are stored and processed separately; for the inside of single section movement, the measurement data in the same movement form within the same depth range are stored in numbers and processed respectively; for the interior of a single section motion, numbering according to one motion form when two or more identical motion forms are contained in the middle of the motion form in different depth ranges;
when the motion form of the data acquisition device is unchanged in a space to be detected with the same space parameter characteristics, the data information is a first data value acquired by the data acquisition device;
processing each profile motion according to a data processing method of a single profile motion, comprising:
and integrating the data information among the cells to extract the characteristic values among the cells, wherein the characteristic values comprise the following steps: when the variance obtained according to the data information among the cells is larger than a certain set value, subtracting each data in the data information from the average value, and removing the data with the largest difference value in the subtracting operation to obtain new data information among the cells; re-averaging, variance and/or median of the new data information; when the re-calculated variance is smaller than or equal to the set value, the corresponding average value and/or median is used as the characteristic value between the cells, and the number of times of subtraction operation is smaller than or equal to 3;
data compression is carried out on the extracted characteristic values among the cells to form a target communication format;
and packetizing and numbering the data with the target communication format to form data to be transmitted, and transmitting the data to be transmitted to a target receiving device.
2. The data processing method for spatial measurements according to claim 1, wherein the data acquisition means acquiring data information between the respective cells comprises:
the data acquisition device acquires the data among the cells one or more times;
and numbering the acquired data according to the change of the acquisition times.
3. The data processing method for spatial measurements according to claim 1, wherein the feature value extraction between each of the cells comprises:
calculating average value, variance and/or median of the data information among the cells;
the average value and/or the median is used as a characteristic value between the cells.
4. The data processing method for spatial measurements according to claim 1, wherein the data compression employs lossless compression.
5. The data processing method for spatial measurements according to claim 1, wherein the packetization divides the data having the target communication format into a plurality of data packets, the numbering being sequentially numbering the data packets.
6. A data processing apparatus for spatial measurements using a data processing method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising:
the data characteristic extraction module integrates the data information acquired by the data acquisition device to extract the data characteristic values among different cells;
the data compression module compresses the characteristic value into a target communication format;
and the data packetizing module packetizes and numbers the data with the target communication format to form data to be transmitted.
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| CN110182318A (en) * | 2019-05-14 | 2019-08-30 | 大连理工大学 | A kind of marine information on-line monitoring buoyage towards winter sea ice risk management |
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