CN110553980B - Multi-index monitoring and evaluating method for rocky desertification control effect based on multi-source remote sensing data - Google Patents
Multi-index monitoring and evaluating method for rocky desertification control effect based on multi-source remote sensing data Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a multi-index monitoring and evaluating method for stony desertification control effect based on multi-source remote sensing data, which comprises the following steps: acquiring high, medium and low multi-source remote sensing data before and after stony desertification control in a monitoring area according to actual requirements; secondly, calculating vegetation coverage FVC and leaf area index LAI of different time phases of the stony desertification control area according to the remote sensing data obtained in the step one; and (III) carrying out binarization treatment according to the vegetation coverage FVC and the leaf area index LAI obtained in the step (II): fourthly, obtaining the comprehensive change condition FL of the vegetation coverage and the leaf area index; and (V) constructing a rock desertification control effect evaluation system. The invention makes up the deficiency of monitoring the vegetation physiological state in the treatment area in the current stony desertification treatment monitoring, and has the beneficial effect of monitoring the treatment condition more systematically and comprehensively.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a stony desertification control effect monitoring and evaluating method, in particular to a stony desertification control effect monitoring and evaluating method based on multi-source remote sensing data, and belongs to the technical field of ecological environment monitoring.
Background
Rocky desertification refers to a land degradation phenomenon that earth surface vegetation is damaged to cause soil erosion, bedrock is exposed in a large area or gravel is accumulated, and the earth surface presents desertification landscape due to unreasonable social and economic activities of human beings under humid and semi-humid climatic conditions and a natural physical basis that karst is extremely developed. For example: the natural vegetation is continuously destroyed, the earth surface is exposed due to reasons such as large-area steep slope desertification and the like, in addition, the rainstorm is strongly washed, a large amount of rocks are gradually exposed after water and soil loss, the phenomenon of 'stony desertification' is presented, and the degree and the area of the 'stony desertification' can be continuously deepened and developed along with the lapse of time. In a word, stony desertification is the final result of continuous water and soil loss of karst land and is mainly expressed in the forms of vegetation damage, bare rocks, reduced arable land area, reduced soil fertility, weakened water conservation capacity, frequent drought and flood disasters, deteriorated regional ecological environment and climate, and damaged natural landscape and biodiversity.
Part of soil in south China has become three ecological disasters in China, namely rocky desertification, water and soil loss of loess plateau and desertification in northwest China.
Most of stony desertification areas in China are located in regions with laggard economy, land degradation caused by stony desertification not only destroys the foundation of local economic development, but also restricts the development of regional economy and society, and is an important factor causing the outstanding three-crop problems and poor regions. Therefore, stony desertification is not only a serious ecological problem, but also a prominent socioeconomic problem. The method has the advantages that the rocky desertification control pace is accelerated, the rocky desertification expansion situation is restrained and twisted as soon as possible, and the ecological environment is improved, so that the method is a very difficult and urgent strategic task which is put ahead of people, and is also an important basic project in western large-scale development.
Since the beginning of the new century, ecological construction is highly emphasized in the middle of the party and state offices, a series of projects such as natural forest protection, returning to cultivation, natural grassland vegetation recovery and construction are successively implemented in karst areas, and the stony desertification condition is improved. Since eleven, the comprehensive treatment test point and the key treatment project of the rocky desertification of the karst region are started and implemented in 300 counties in China, and the rocky desertification condition is obviously improved. Particularly since the engineering of the stony desertification comprehensive control is started in 2008, the area of the stony desertification control is 2.25 ten thousand square kilometers by 2015, and the control is substantially improved.
Although the current rock desertification control has achieved certain effect, the situations of simultaneous control and destruction, control engineering not in place and the like still exist. It is noted that many researches are currently conducted on methods for controlling stony desertification and related facilities (for example, chinese patent application No. 201910141558.4, "a stony desertification prevention system and prevention method thereof", chinese patent application No. 201810448811.6, "a method for repairing moderate stony desertification by using liana", and chinese patent application No. 201710358049.8, "an ecological method for repairing stony desertification mountain land"); however, the research on a comprehensive evaluation system for the control effect of stony desertification is still lacked, and a set of effective monitoring and evaluation method for stony desertification control is urgently needed at present.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a method for monitoring and evaluating the effect of stony desertification control, which can realize systematic and comprehensive monitoring and evaluation.
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions.
The stony desertification control effect multi-index monitoring and evaluating method based on the multi-source remote sensing data is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
acquiring multi-source remote sensing data with different resolutions before and after stony desertification control in a monitoring area according to actual requirements;
secondly, calculating vegetation coverage FVC and leaf area index LAI of different time phases of the stony desertification control area according to the remote sensing data obtained in the step one;
and (III) calculating the change conditions of the vegetation coverage FVC and the leaf area index LAI obtained in the step (II) at different time phases of stony desertification control, and performing binarization treatment on the change conditions:
the result of binarization processing of vegetation coverage FVC is recorded as FVC2(ii) a The binary result of the leaf area index LAI is recorded as LAI2；
If the vegetation coverage degree FVC is increased, then FVC 21 is ═ 1; if the vegetation coverage degree FVC is reduced, then FVC2＝0；
If the leaf area index LAI is increased, then LAI 21 is ═ 1; if the leaf area index LAI decreases, then LAI2＝0；
(IV) according to the binarization processing result FVC of the vegetation coverage obtained in the step (III)2And binarization result LAI of leaf area index2Obtaining the comprehensive change condition FL of the vegetation coverage and the leaf area index:
FL＝FVC2*10+LAI2
and (V) constructing a stony desertification control effect evaluation system according to the comprehensive change condition FL obtained in the step (IV):
if FL is 11, setting the stony desertification control effect as a first level;
if FL is 10, the effect of the stony desertification control is set as a second level;
if FL is 01, the effect of the stony desertification control is set to be three levels;
if FL is 00, the effect of stony desertification control is set to four levels.
Furthermore, the remote sensing data are medium and high resolution satellite images or vegetation index products in different time phases and in the same season in the stony desertification control area.
Furthermore, preprocessing is performed on the acquired medium-high resolution satellite image data in the step (one), wherein the preprocessing mainly comprises radiometric calibration and atmospheric correction.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) according to the invention, a multi-index evaluation system based on vegetation coverage and leaf area index is constructed from the aspects of vegetation coverage and physiological conditions, the implementation degree and the effect of stony desertification control are systematically evaluated, and the problems that the current single index is difficult to systematically reflect the effect of stony desertification control and the like are solved. Compared with the defect that a single index in the prior art is difficult to systematically reflect the control effect of stony desertification, the method makes up for the defect of monitoring the physiological state of vegetation in a control area in the current stony desertification control monitoring, and has the beneficial effect of monitoring the control condition more systematically and comprehensively.
(2) The multi-index evaluation system for stony desertification control provided by the invention is easy to implement and convenient to construct; the application range is wide, the method can be used for monitoring the rocky desertification control condition in traffic and land areas, and can also be used for monitoring areas such as mountain areas and the like with inconvenient traffic, so that a large amount of manpower and material resources are saved; the vegetation coverage and the leaf area index adopted in the evaluation system can respectively reflect the covering condition and the physiological state of the vegetation on the earth surface quantitatively, and compared with the defect that a single index in the prior art is difficult to reflect the stony desertification control effect systematically, the method makes up the defect that the physiological state of the vegetation in a control area is monitored in the current stony desertification control monitoring, can monitor the implementation condition of stony desertification engineering, can monitor the vegetation maintenance condition after the stony desertification engineering is implemented, and can evaluate the stony desertification control effect systematically and comprehensively; in addition, the thought of the stony desertification control effect multi-index comprehensive evaluation method based on the vegetation coverage and the leaf area index provides a new thought for other ecological environment monitoring.
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FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the present invention;
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and examples.
The stony desertification control mode mainly comprises modes of mountain sealing, grass raising, artificial afforestation and the like, so that the stony desertification control effect can be quantitatively and systematically evaluated by comprehensively combining vegetation coverage and leaf area index. Specifically, the invention constructs a multi-index evaluation system based on vegetation coverage and leaf area index from the perspective of vegetation coverage and physiological conditions, systematically evaluates the implementation degree and effect of stony desertification control, and solves the problems that the current single index is difficult to systematically reflect the stony desertification control effect and the like.
The vegetation coverage (FVC) is the ratio of the vertical projection area of the vegetation canopy or leaf surface on the ground to the total area of the vegetation area, is the most important index for measuring the vegetation coverage of the earth surface, and can reflect the implementation degree of the stony desertification control; the Leaf Area Index (LAI) refers to the size of the leaf area on a unit area in an ecological system, is an important parameter of the structural characteristics of the vegetation, and can reflect the physiological growth condition of the vegetation after the stony desertification control.
In other words, the FVC is the percentage of the vertical projection area of the vegetation (including branches, stems, leaves) on the ground to the total area of the statistical region, which reflects the vegetation coverage of the ground and embodies the control implementation of stony desertification; LAI is the leaf area on a unit area in an ecological system, is an important parameter for describing the structural characteristics of vegetation, reflects the physiological growth condition of the vegetation, and can embody the vegetation maintenance condition after stony desertification control. The FVC is adopted for monitoring the stony desertification, but a single index is difficult to reflect the vegetation recovery condition after the stony desertification control, so the FVC and the LAI are combined to comprehensively evaluate the stony desertification control effect from the implementation condition of the stony desertification engineering and the growth condition of vegetation physiology.
As shown in fig. 1, the present invention comprises the steps of:
selecting and obtaining remote sensing data with different resolutions and same quarter before and after rocky desertification control of a monitoring area according to the size of the rocky desertification control area and the actual monitoring scale requirement, and preprocessing the obtained data.
Wherein, according to different obtained remote sensing data sources, the preprocessing is different:
(1) if the data source is medium and high resolution satellite image data (such as terrestrial satellite image, sentry second satellite image, high resolution satellite image, etc.), the preprocessing operation mainly includes radiometric calibration and atmospheric correction.
(2) If the data source is a vegetation index product (such as a Modis data product), operations such as projection conversion, resampling and the like are required.
Secondly, calculating vegetation coverage and leaf area indexes of different time phases of the stony desertification control area according to the remote sensing data acquired in the step one;
the method for calculating the vegetation coverage and the leaf area index is different according to different used data, and the calculation or extraction method is different:
1. calculating vegetation coverage (FVC):
(1) for vegetation index products, such as Mod15 data products, the treatment area leaf area index can be directly extracted.
(2) For a particular satellite imagery, there is specialized processing software that can calculate the vegetation index. For example, for the sentinel second satellite image, the Biophysical Processor in the snap (sentinels Application platform) software can directly extract the vegetation coverage and the leaf area index, and the method is convenient, fast and high in precision.
(3) For a common medium-high resolution satellite image, the vegetation coverage and the leaf area index can be inverted through a model. The method for calculating the vegetation coverage is shown in formula (1):
in the formula, NDVI is the normalized vegetation index of the treatment area, NDVIsiol is the NDVI value of pure bare soil of the treatment area, and NDVIveg is the NDVI value of pure vegetation of the treatment area.
2. Leaf Area Index (LAI):
and calculating the vegetation index by utilizing multispectral remote sensing, establishing an empirical relationship between the vegetation coefficient and the actually measured LAI data of the same region, and then using the relationship for estimating the LAI of the same region.
And (III) carrying out binarization processing on the FVC and the LAI according to the change condition of the FVC and the LAI obtained in the step (II), wherein the processing result is shown in a table 1. Wherein the FVC2、LAI2Respectively representing the binarization results of the FVC and the LAI; when the FVC rises, the FVC 21 is ═ 1; when the FVC falls, the FVC 20; when the LAI rises, the LAI 21 is ═ 1; when the LAI falls, the LAI2＝0；
| Result of binarization | Rising (+) | Descending (-) |
| |
1 | 0 |
| |
1 | 0 |
TABLE 1
And (IV) calculating according to the formula (2) according to the binarization results of the variation conditions of the FVC and the LAI obtained in the step (III) to obtain the comprehensive variation conditions of the FVC and the LAI, wherein the results are shown in a table 2.
FL＝FVC2*10+LAI2 (2)
In the formula, FL represents the comprehensive change of FVC and LAI.
Note: using FVC in tables2+And FVC2-Respectively representing the binary results of the rising and falling of the FVC; LAI2+And LAI2-The binarization results of the rise and fall of LAI are shown.
When the FVC is2When the number is 0, the calculation result of the formula (2) is still expressed by two digits so that the calculation result format is consistent.
| FL | LAI2+ | LAI2- |
| FVC2+ | 11 | 10 |
| |
01 | 00 |
TABLE 2
And (V) constructing a stony desertification control evaluation system according to the FL obtained by calculation in the step (IV). The method comprises the following specific steps:
if FL is 11, the control effect of the stony desertification is obvious, and the control effect is set as a first level;
if FL is 10, the rocky desertification control effect is better, and the rocky desertification control effect is set as a second level;
if FL is 01, the effect of the stony desertification control is general, and the effect is set to be three levels;
if FL is 00, the effect of controlling stony desertification is poor, and the result is set as four grades.
It can be seen that, according to the multi-index system for controlling stony desertification effect constructed in the step (five), stony desertification control effect is evaluated in four grades, i.e., first grade (FL ═ 11), second grade (FL ═ 10), third grade (FL ═ 01), and fourth grade (FL ═ 00).
In addition, the stony desertification control area can be evaluated by utilizing a spatial analysis technology according to the stony desertification control effect evaluation system constructed in the step (five).
In the step (two), the calculation is specifically divided into two cases:
1. if the stony desertification area is a flaky area, subtracting the vegetation coverage and the leaf area index at the moment before the treatment from the vegetation coverage and the leaf area index at the moment after the stony desertification treatment to obtain a vegetation coverage change value and a leaf area index change value;
2. aiming at a rocky desertification area which is a small shift area with discrete distribution and small area, calculating the average vegetation index change condition of the small shift by taking the small shift as a treatment effect evaluation unit, and specifically comprising the following steps:
(1) and obtaining the average vegetation coverage and the average leaf area index before and after treatment of each treatment sub-class by using a stony desertification treatment area vector file through a partition statistical tool in ArcGIS.
(2) And respectively subtracting the vegetation coverage and the leaf area index before treatment from the average vegetation coverage and the leaf area index of each minor after treatment to obtain the vegetation coverage and the leaf area index change condition of each minor.
In the step (five), the following two cases are specifically carried out:
1. and if the stony desertification area is a flaky area, evaluating the stony desertification control effect by utilizing a space superposition technology according to the obtained FL.
2. And aiming at the rocky desertification areas which are discretely distributed and have small areas, evaluating the control effect of each rocky desertification sub-class according to the constructed rocky desertification control evaluation system according to the obtained FL of each sub-class.
The following is a detailed description of a preferred embodiment of the invention.
Selecting discrete distribution stony desertification control in rock gate county of Hunan province and a sentinel satellite image data source as an example.
1. Downloading remote sensing images covering 2016 and 2018 years of stony desertification control areas in Shimen county from a Copernicius Open Access Hub website;
2. installing SNAP (Sentiels Application platform) and Sen2cor plug-ins; the Sen2cor is used for carrying out radiometric calibration and atmospheric correction on the downloaded two-phase images, and the grammar basic structure is as follows:
L2A _ Process + data relative Path + optional parameters
3. Respectively calculating LAI and FVC in 2016 and 2018 by using a Biophysical Processor in SNAP, and specifically operating as follows:
Optical→Thematic Land Processing→Biophysical Processor
4. and (3) processing the calculated vegetation coverage and the leaf area index by using a partition statistical tool in ArcGIS based on the vector surface file of the stony desertification area to respectively obtain the average vegetation coverage and the average leaf area index of each stony desertification control class in 2016 and 2018.
5. And subtracting the average vegetation coverage and the leaf area index in 2016 from the average vegetation coverage and the leaf area index in 2018 of each rocky desertification control sub-class respectively to obtain the change condition of the vegetation coverage and the leaf area index in 2016-2018 of each sub-class.
6. And carrying out binarization processing on the average vegetation coverage and the average leaf area index of each rocky desertification control class.
7. The FL of each small shift is calculated using equation (2).
8. And according to the calculated FL, carrying out treatment effect grade evaluation on each rocky desertification shift according to the constructed rocky desertification treatment effect evaluation system.
9. The number of the rocky desertification control sub-classmate in Shimen county is 29, and the sub-classmate is compiled from 1 to 29. In 2016 + 2018, the whole situation of rocky desertification control in Shimen county is better, the control effect is 28 subordinates in total at the first level, the control effect of only 7 subordinates is four levels, the control force on the subordinates is increased at the later stage, and corresponding vegetation maintenance work after control is carried out.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred examples, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made on the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, which should be covered by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. The stony desertification control effect multi-index monitoring and evaluating method based on the multi-source remote sensing data is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
acquiring multi-source remote sensing data with different resolutions before and after stony desertification control in a monitoring area according to actual requirements;
secondly, calculating vegetation coverage FVC and leaf area index LAI of different time phases of the stony desertification control area according to the remote sensing data obtained in the step one;
and (III) calculating the change conditions of the vegetation coverage FVC and the leaf area index LAI obtained in the step (II) at different time phases of stony desertification control, and performing binarization treatment on the change conditions:
the result of binarization processing of vegetation coverage FVC is recorded as FVC2(ii) a The binary result of the leaf area index LAI is recorded as LAI2；
If the vegetation coverage degree FVC is increased, then FVC21 is ═ 1; if the vegetation coverage degree FVC is reduced, then FVC2＝0；
If the leaf area index LAI is increased, then LAI21 is ═ 1; if the leaf area index LAI decreases, then LAI2＝0；
(IV) according to the binarization processing result FVC of the vegetation coverage obtained in the step (III)2And binarization result LAI of leaf area index2Obtaining the comprehensive change condition FL of the vegetation coverage and the leaf area index:
FL＝FVC2*10+LAI2
and (V) constructing a stony desertification control effect evaluation system according to the comprehensive change condition FL obtained in the step (IV):
if FL is 11, setting the stony desertification control effect as a first level;
if FL is 10, the effect of the stony desertification control is set as a second level;
if FL is 01, the effect of the stony desertification control is set to be three levels;
if FL is 00, the effect of stony desertification control is set to four levels.
2. The method for monitoring and evaluating the stony desertification control effect and the multiple indexes based on the multi-source remote sensing data according to claim 1, wherein the remote sensing data are medium and high resolution satellite images or vegetation index products in different time phases and in the same season in a stony desertification control area.
3. The method for monitoring and evaluating the stony desertification control effect and the multiple indexes based on the multi-source remote sensing data according to claim 2, wherein the preprocessing is performed on the obtained medium and high resolution satellite image data in the step (I), and the preprocessing mainly comprises radiometric calibration and atmospheric correction.
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| CN113076796B (en) * | 2021-02-08 | 2022-09-23 | 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 | Karst stony desertification remote sensing mapping method and device |
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