CN110553554A - Light thermal protection structure for hypersonic missile - Google Patents

Light thermal protection structure for hypersonic missile Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110553554A
CN110553554A CN201910829947.6A CN201910829947A CN110553554A CN 110553554 A CN110553554 A CN 110553554A CN 201910829947 A CN201910829947 A CN 201910829947A CN 110553554 A CN110553554 A CN 110553554A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
layer
thermal protection
composite material
temperature
protection structure
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN201910829947.6A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
周树平
陈景昊
文锋
穆学桢
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China Airborne Missile Academy
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China Airborne Missile Academy
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by China Airborne Missile Academy filed Critical China Airborne Missile Academy
Priority to CN201910829947.6A priority Critical patent/CN110553554A/en
Publication of CN110553554A publication Critical patent/CN110553554A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B15/00Layered products comprising a layer of metal
    • B32B15/04Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B33/00Layered products characterised by particular properties or particular surface features, e.g. particular surface coatings; Layered products designed for particular purposes not covered by another single class
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B9/00Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B9/00Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00
    • B32B9/005Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising one layer of ceramic material, e.g. porcelain, ceramic tile
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B9/00Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00
    • B32B9/04Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising such particular substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B9/00Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00
    • B32B9/04Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising such particular substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B9/041Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising such particular substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of metal
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42BEXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B15/00Self-propelled projectiles or missiles, e.g. rockets; Guided missiles
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2255/00Coating on the layer surface
    • B32B2255/20Inorganic coating
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/30Properties of the layers or laminate having particular thermal properties
    • B32B2307/304Insulating
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/30Properties of the layers or laminate having particular thermal properties
    • B32B2307/306Resistant to heat
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/70Other properties
    • B32B2307/714Inert, i.e. inert to chemical degradation, corrosion

Abstract

The invention discloses a light thermal protection structure for a hypersonic missile, which comprises a high-temperature-resistant coating, a high-strength composite material layer, a heat insulation layer and a light metal layer which are sequentially arranged from outside to inside, wherein the high-temperature-resistant coating is SiC + MoSi 2, the high-strength composite material layer is a ceramic-based composite material, the heat insulation layer 3 is silica aerogel, and the light metal layer is a titanium alloy.

Description

Light thermal protection structure for hypersonic missile
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of hypersonic missiles, in particular to a light thermal protection structure for a hypersonic missile.
Background
the design of a thermal protection structure is one of key technologies for solving the problem of pneumatic heating, wherein the thermal protection technology of a reentry warhead, a recoverable satellite, a space shuttle and a manned spacecraft is mature, but the volume and the weight of the thermal protection structure are larger, and the structure is complex; for example, the thermal protection system of the space shuttle accounts for 20% of the weight of the system, and brings a serious challenge to the structural design and weight control, so that the thermal protection structure determines the safety, the effective load and the economical efficiency of the aircraft, which are also important directions for the technical development of the missile, and the volume and the weight of the missile tend to be miniaturized; the light thermal protection structure is adopted on the hypersonic missile, the design of the thermal protection structure of the missile can be effectively simplified, and the weight of the missile is reduced, so that the light thermal protection structure has wide application prospects in the aspects of hypersonic missiles, hypersonic aircrafts in adjacent spaces and the like. In addition, the light thermal protection structure is improved and designed, and can also be applied to thermal protection structures of missiles or other aircrafts with low flying speed, thereby having important significance on the safety and the economy of the aircrafts;
At present, the thermal protection of hypersonic aerodynamic heat at home and abroad is mainly based on high-temperature resistant materials and composite materials, and the high-temperature resistant materials and the composite materials are combined to form various thermal protection structures, wherein the thermal protection structure of the American space shuttle is as follows: the outer layer is advanced carbon/carbon thermal structure, the middle is superalloy honeycomb and insulating layer, the inside is titanium alloy multilayer wall, british hot space shuttle's thermal protection structure does: the outer layer is a carbon/carbon thermal structure, the middle is a high-temperature alloy tile and a heat insulation felt, and the inner part is a titanium alloy multilayer wall; the heat protection structure of the German SANGER space shuttle is as follows: the outer layer is a carbon/carbon thermal structure, the middle is a high-temperature alloy tile, and the inner part is a titanium alloy multilayer wall; the heat protection structure of the French HERMES space shuttle is as follows: the outer layer is made of C/SiC composite material, the middle part is made of ceramic tiles, and the inner part is made of flexible heat insulation felt; and the traditional hot protective structure of domestic adoption comprises main structure, glue film, inner layer structure, heat insulation layer and skin etc. and the material of its each layer mainly has: in practical application, some layers of materials can be repeatedly superposed, the number of layers of the total materials can reach 5-7, and in addition, some domestic thermal protection structures are additionally provided with supporting plates, so that the structure and the forming process are complex, the volume is large, the weight is heavy, and the price is expensive;
Chinese patent (publication No. CN103770954A) discloses a large-area thermal protection device for hypersonic aircraft, which comprises an outer thermal insulation layer, an inner thermal insulation layer, and a titanium alloy layer, wherein: the outer heat-insulating layer and the inner heat-insulating layer are made of quartz composite materials, the outer heat-insulating layer is made of aerogel materials, namely one layer of aerogel is sandwiched between two layers of quartz composite materials, the structural strength of the quartz composite materials is utilized to enable the aerogel layer to be formed, the titanium alloy layer is utilized as a main bearing structure, although the patent can play a certain role in protecting aerodynamic heat, the patent depends on the titanium alloy layer as the main bearing structure, and the integral structural strength of the patent is insufficient.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects in the background art, the invention discloses a light thermal protection structure for a hypersonic missile.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A light thermal protection structure for a hypersonic missile comprises a high-temperature-resistant coating, a high-strength composite material layer, a heat insulation layer and a light metal layer which are sequentially arranged from outside to inside, wherein the high-temperature-resistant coating is SiC + MoSi 2, the high-strength composite material layer is a ceramic-based composite material, the heat insulation layer is silica aerogel, the light metal layer is a titanium alloy, and the thickness ratio of each layer of the high-temperature-resistant coating, the high-strength composite material layer, the heat insulation layer and the light metal layer is 1: 4-5: 5-4: 2.
Preferably, the thickness ratio of each layer of the high-temperature-resistant coating, the high-strength composite material layer, the heat insulation layer and the light metal layer is 1:4:5: 2.
Preferably, the thickness ratio of each layer of the high-temperature-resistant coating, the high-strength composite material layer, the heat insulation layer and the light metal layer is 1:5:4: 2.
due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
The light thermal protection structure for the hypersonic missile, disclosed by the invention, has the advantages of simple structure, good thermal insulation effect, simpler and more convenient processing technology and forming, easiness in realization of technology, smaller deformation during compression resistance, light weight, higher strength, capability of bearing long-time pneumatic load and capability of reducing the influence of pneumatic heat on internal components of the missile; the high-strength composite material is used as a structural support, the requirement of bearing the pneumatic load generated by hypersonic flight of the missile can be met, and the deformation is small; the high-temperature resistant coating material can withstand high-temperature heat flow and can radiate partial heat energy outwards; the thermal insulation material can retard the transfer of heat energy to the inside of the missile body, and the influence of the aerodynamic heat generated by the flight of the hypersonic missile on the load in the missile body is reduced; the light metal layer is titanium alloy, and the titanium alloy has the excellent properties of high strength, good corrosion resistance, high heat resistance and the like, and can play a main supporting role on parts in the missile; the light thermal protection structure can be widely applied to thermal protection structures of air-to-air missiles, air-to-ground missiles and other hypersonic aircrafts flying at high speed or hypersonic speed; in addition, the invention can also be used for the thermal protection of a hypersonic speed aircraft in a near space or other high-speed aircraft.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.
fig. 2 is an enlarged schematic view of a portion a of fig. 1.
In the figure: 1. a high temperature resistant coating; 2. a high strength composite layer; 3. a thermal insulation layer; 4. a light metal layer.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be explained in detail by the following examples, which are disclosed for the purpose of protecting all technical improvements within the scope of the present invention.
The light thermal protection structure for the hypersonic missile comprises a high-temperature-resistant coating 1, a high-strength composite material layer 2, a thermal insulation layer 3 and a light metal layer 4 which are sequentially arranged from outside to inside, wherein the high-temperature-resistant coating 1 is SiC + MoSi 2 and can bear high temperature and radiate partial energy to the outside so as to reduce the transmission of high-temperature heat to the inside, the high-strength composite material layer 2 is a ceramic-based composite material which has high strength and rigidity and can play a supporting role, namely, the missile body can be kept basically not deformed when the high-temperature-and-pressure combined action of high-speed airflow is applied, the thermal insulation layer 3 is silica aerogel and can effectively retard the transmission of the high-temperature heat to the inside and prolong the heat conduction time, the light metal layer 4 is titanium alloy and plays a main supporting role for parts inside the missile, the thickness ratio of the high-temperature-resistant coating 1 to the high-strength composite material layer 2 to the thermal insulation layer 3 to the light metal layer 4 is 1: 4-5: 5-4: 2, and the thickness ratio of the high-strength composite material layer 2 to the thermal insulation layer 2 is adjustable when the high-temperature-and the high-temperature-resistant coating 1 to-and the high-strength composite material 2 is overloaded under normal flight conditions as required.
The light thermal protection structure for the hypersonic missile is implemented only by manufacturing the light thermal protection structure into a shell of a body to be protected by the thermal protection structure.
The present invention is not described in detail in the prior art.

Claims (3)

1. A light thermal protection structure for a hypersonic missile is characterized by comprising a high-temperature-resistant coating (1), a high-strength composite material layer (2), a heat insulation layer (3) and a light metal layer (4) which are sequentially arranged from outside to inside, wherein the high-temperature-resistant coating (1) is SiC + MoSi 2, the high-strength composite material layer (2) is a ceramic-based composite material, the heat insulation layer 3 is silica aerogel, the light metal layer (4) is a titanium alloy, and the thickness ratio of each layer of the high-temperature-resistant coating (1), the high-strength composite material layer (2), the heat insulation layer (3) and the light metal layer (4) is 1: 4-5: 5-4: 2.
2. The lightweight thermal protection structure of claim 1, further characterized by: the thickness ratio of each layer of the high-temperature-resistant coating (1), the high-strength composite material layer (2), the heat insulation layer (3) and the light metal layer (4) is 1:4:5: 2.
3. The lightweight thermal protection structure of claim 1, further characterized by: the thickness ratio of each layer of the high-temperature-resistant coating (1), the high-strength composite material layer (2), the heat insulation layer (3) and the light metal layer (4) is 1:5:4: 2.
CN201910829947.6A 2019-09-03 2019-09-03 Light thermal protection structure for hypersonic missile Pending CN110553554A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201910829947.6A CN110553554A (en) 2019-09-03 2019-09-03 Light thermal protection structure for hypersonic missile

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110901885A (en) * 2019-12-23 2020-03-24 湖北航天技术研究院总体设计所 Thermal protection system of aircraft
CN113466894A (en) * 2021-06-09 2021-10-01 航天恒星科技有限公司 Protection system of emergency positioning transmitter
CN113804065A (en) * 2020-06-12 2021-12-17 北京星途探索科技有限公司 Novel heat insulation patch applied to supersonic missile

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110901885A (en) * 2019-12-23 2020-03-24 湖北航天技术研究院总体设计所 Thermal protection system of aircraft
CN110901885B (en) * 2019-12-23 2021-11-30 湖北航天技术研究院总体设计所 Thermal protection system of aircraft
CN113804065A (en) * 2020-06-12 2021-12-17 北京星途探索科技有限公司 Novel heat insulation patch applied to supersonic missile
CN113466894A (en) * 2021-06-09 2021-10-01 航天恒星科技有限公司 Protection system of emergency positioning transmitter

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