CN110548375B - Preparation method and application of porous manganese oxide/cerium oxide composite sulfur dioxide removal material - Google Patents
Preparation method and application of porous manganese oxide/cerium oxide composite sulfur dioxide removal material Download PDFInfo
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- CN110548375B CN110548375B CN201910849297.1A CN201910849297A CN110548375B CN 110548375 B CN110548375 B CN 110548375B CN 201910849297 A CN201910849297 A CN 201910849297A CN 110548375 B CN110548375 B CN 110548375B
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- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of a porous manganese oxide/cerium oxide composite sulfur dioxide removal material.
Description
The technical field is as follows:
the invention relates to the technical field of removal of sulfur dioxide in tail gas of diesel engines, in particular to a preparation method and application of a porous manganese oxide/cerium oxide composite material for removing sulfur dioxide.
Background art:
the exhaust gas emitted from diesel engines contains a large amount of harmful components such as Sulfur Oxides (SO)x) And Nitrogen Oxides (NO)x) Wherein sulfur dioxide (SO)2) Is a very harmful gas in the tail gas of the diesel engineIts discharge into the atmosphere can be harmful to human health and cause environmental pollution. Therefore, SO in diesel engine exhaust2Must be effectively controlled and removed.
The dry flue gas desulfurization technology is commonly used for controlling SO in the industry at present2A method of venting. Metal oxides (e.g. CaO, MnO)2、TiO2、CeO2Etc.) is a commonly used dry method for SO removal2Materials not only effective for SO removal2Has larger surface area, higher stability and safety, and is always to remove SO2One commonly used type of material. However, the conventional metal oxide is now SO-removed2de-SO in the presence of material2Slow speed and SO removal2Low capacity and the like, and can not be effectively applied to SO under the working condition of tail gas of a diesel engine2And (4) removing. Generally, the SO in the tail gas of a diesel engine is aimed at2Desired SO removal2Small equipment volume, unstable space velocity of tail gas, SO2Low concentration, large temperature change and the like, and the SO is removed conventionally under the working condition of the tail gas2SO removal of materials2Performance is generally relatively low. Therefore, there is a need to further improve the desso of various species of current metal oxide materials2Performance, improved physical and chemical structure, and more effective SO removal2Thereby satisfying the requirement of rapid SO removal under the working condition of the tail gas of the diesel engine2Demand, promote tail gas SO removal2And (5) the development of the technology.
The invention content is as follows:
the invention aims to provide a preparation method of a porous manganese oxide/cerium oxide composite sulfur dioxide removal material aiming at the defects of the prior art, manganese oxide and cerium oxide are compounded by adopting a template method to form a porous structure, so that the manganese oxide/cerium oxide composite sulfur dioxide removal material with high active components, large specific surface area and ordered porous structure is obtained, and the performance of removing sulfur dioxide in diesel engine tail gas is improved.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
porous manganese oxide/cerium oxide compositeSulfur dioxide-removing Material, denoted Mn1-yCeyOxWherein y is the mole percentage of Ce in the total amount of Mn and Ce, y is between 0.05 and 0.95, x is the number of oxygen atoms, x is between 1.0 and 2.0, manganese oxide and cerium oxide are compounded by a template method to form a porous structure, and the preparation method comprises the following steps:
1) respectively dissolving manganese nitrate and cerium nitrate in ethanol or water to prepare a solution with the total concentration of Mn and Ce ions of 0.8-1.3mol/L and the molar percentage of Ce in the total of Mn and Ce being y;
2) taking a molecular sieve capable of being dissolved in an alkaline solution, pretreating for 5-10 hours at 80-110 ℃ in a vacuum environment to obtain a pretreated molecular sieve, and then putting the pretreated molecular sieve into a reaction container;
3) uniformly dripping the solution obtained in the step 1) into the pretreated molecular sieve obtained in the step 2), wherein the solid-to-liquid ratio of the pretreated molecular sieve to the solution obtained in the step 1) is 1-2g/mL, then sealing by a preservative film, performing vacuum impregnation at normal temperature for 4-6 hours after ultrasonic oscillation for 20-40min, then performing vacuum drying at 60-100 ℃ for 2-3 hours, then performing roasting at 350-450 ℃ for 3-4 hours in an oxygen atmosphere, and naturally cooling after roasting;
4) then transferring the sample to a reaction container again, uniformly dripping the solution obtained in the step 1) again, and repeating the processes of dipping, drying and roasting once;
5) after roasting, adding alkali liquor to dissolve the molecular sieve in the sample, then filtering and washing with clear water until the filtrate is neutral (pH is 7), drying the washed sample at the temperature of 100 ℃ and 120 ℃, grinding after drying, and sieving particles with the particle size of less than 100 meshes to obtain the porous manganese oxide/cerium oxide composite sulfur dioxide removal material.
Preferably, the value of y is between 0.05 and 0.35.
The molecular sieve capable of being dissolved in the alkaline solution is preferably a KIT-6 molecular sieve.
The alkali liquor in the step 5) is preferably 2mol/L NaOH solution.
The obtained porous manganese oxide/cerium oxide composite sulfur dioxide removing material is black powder, and the crystal structure mainly contains a characteristic peak of manganese oxide,The total tends to amorphous state, the material particles are arranged orderly, the material has rich mesoporous pore canals and a small amount of macroporous pore canals, the total pore volume is between 0.38cc/g and 0.75cc/g, and the specific surface area is 150m2/g～170m2Between/g, the sulfur dioxide removal performance is 450mgSulfur dioxide/gSulfur dioxide removal materialAbove, the sulfur dioxide removal performance is greatly higher than that of the conventional commercially purchased manganese oxide sulfur dioxide removal material.
The invention also protects the application of the porous manganese oxide/cerium oxide composite material for removing sulfur dioxide, and the porous manganese oxide/cerium oxide composite material is used for removing sulfur dioxide in tail gas of a diesel engine. Wherein SO2The volume concentration range of the catalyst is 100-3000ppm, and the temperature range is 200-500 ℃.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
the manganese oxide/cerium oxide composite sulfur dioxide removal material prepared by the invention has larger specific surface area and rich pore channel structure, and the specific surface area of the porous manganese oxide/cerium oxide composite sulfur dioxide removal material is 150m2/g～170m2Between the/g, the reactor has a plurality of three-dimensional pore channels, the pore channel structure is regular and ordered, the internal pore channels are communicated with each other, and the interconnected pore channel network structure can provide better mass transfer effect and larger contact area for gas-solid phase reaction, thereby being very beneficial to SO2The removal reaction of (1). In addition, after the manganese oxide and the cerium oxide are compounded, the manganese oxide and the cerium oxide have synergistic effect, SO is improved2The reaction rate of the removal reaction.
The sulfur dioxide removal performance of the porous manganese oxide/cerium oxide composite sulfur dioxide removal material prepared by the invention is 450mgSulfur dioxide/gSulfur dioxide removal materialAbove, the sulfur dioxide removal performance is greatly higher than that of the conventional commercially purchased manganese oxide sulfur dioxide removal material.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a transmission electron microscope and a scanning electron microscope photograph of the porous manganese oxide/cerium oxide composite sulfur dioxide-removing material prepared in example 1.
FIG. 2 shows the porous manganese oxide/cerium oxide composite sulfur dioxide-removing material prepared in examples 1-3 and the material prepared in comparative examples 1-2Manganese oxide (MnO) preparedx) And cerium oxide (CeO)x) X-ray diffraction pattern of (a).
FIG. 3 is a graph of pore size distribution and specific surface area parameters for the porous manganese oxide/cerium oxide composite sulfur dioxide removal material prepared in examples 1-3.
FIG. 4 is a comparison graph of sulfur dioxide removal performance of the porous manganese oxide/cerium oxide composite sulfur dioxide removal material.
FIG. 5 is a graph comparing the sulfur dioxide removal performance of the porous manganese oxide/cerium oxide composite sulfur dioxide removal material obtained in example 1 with that of the sulfur dioxide removal materials of comparative examples 1-2.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
the following is a further description of the invention and is not intended to be limiting.
Example 1:
porous manganese oxide/cerium oxide composite sulfur dioxide removal material marked as Mn0.85Ce0.15OxWherein 0.15 is the mole percentage of Ce in the total amount of Mn and Ce, and x is the number of oxygen atoms and ranges from 1.0 to 2.0, and the preparation method comprises the following steps:
1) respectively dissolving manganese nitrate and cerium nitrate in ethanol to prepare a solution with the total concentration of Mn and Ce ions of 1mol/L, Ce and the molar percentage of the Mn and Ce in the total sum of Mn and Ce of 0.15;
2) taking a KIT-6 molecular sieve, pretreating for 8 hours at 100 ℃ in a vacuum environment to obtain a pretreated molecular sieve, and then taking 1g of the pretreated molecular sieve to be put into a 5ml beaker;
3) uniformly dripping 2ml of the solution obtained in the step 1) into the pretreated 1g of molecular sieve obtained in the step 2), sealing by using a preservative film, performing ultrasonic oscillation for 30min, performing vacuum impregnation at normal temperature for 5 hours, performing vacuum drying at 70 ℃ for 2 hours, performing roasting at 400 ℃ for 4 hours under oxygen atmosphere, and naturally cooling after roasting;
4) then transferring the sample into a 5ml beaker again, uniformly dripping 1.5ml of the solution obtained in the step 1) again, and repeating the processes of dipping, drying and roasting once;
5) and after roasting, adding 2mol/L NaOH solution to dissolve the KIT-6 molecular sieve in the sample, then filtering, washing with clear water until the pH value of filtrate is 7, drying the washed sample at 110 ℃, drying, grinding, and sieving to obtain particles with the particle size of less than 100 meshes to obtain the porous manganese oxide/cerium oxide composite sulfur dioxide removal material.
Comparative example 1:
porous manganese oxide (MnO)xWherein x represents the number of oxygen atoms, ranging from 1.0 to 2.0).
The preparation method thereof is as in example 1 except that cerium nitrate is not added in step 1).
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
1) dissolving manganese nitrate in ethanol to prepare a solution with the total Mn concentration of 1 mol/L;
2) taking a KIT-6 molecular sieve, pretreating for 8 hours at 100 ℃ in a vacuum environment to obtain a pretreated molecular sieve, and then taking 1g of the pretreated molecular sieve to be put into a 5ml beaker;
3) uniformly dripping 2ml of the solution obtained in the step 1) into the pretreated 1g of molecular sieve obtained in the step 2), sealing by using a preservative film, performing ultrasonic oscillation for 30min, performing vacuum impregnation at normal temperature for 5 hours, performing vacuum drying at 70 ℃ for 2 hours, performing roasting at 400 ℃ for 4 hours under oxygen atmosphere, and naturally cooling after roasting;
4) then transferring the sample into a 5ml beaker again, uniformly dripping 1.5ml of the solution obtained in the step 1) again, and repeating the processes of dipping, drying and roasting once;
5) after roasting, adding 2mol/L NaOH solution to dissolve KIT-6 molecular sieve in the sample, then filtering and washing with clear water until the pH value of filtrate is 7, after washing, placing the sample at 110 deg.C, drying, grinding, sieving to obtain particles with particle size less than 100 meshes so as to obtain the porous manganese oxide (MnO)x) And (4) removing sulfur dioxide materials.
Comparative example 2:
porous cerium oxide (CeO)xWherein x represents the number of oxygen atoms and ranges between 1.0 and 2.0).
The preparation process is as described in example 1, except that manganese nitrate is not added in step 1).
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
1) dissolving cerous nitrate in ethanol to prepare a solution with the total concentration of Ce ions being 1 mol/L;
2) taking a KIT-6 molecular sieve, pretreating for 8 hours at 100 ℃ in a vacuum environment to obtain a pretreated molecular sieve, and then taking 1g of the pretreated molecular sieve to be put into a 5ml beaker;
3) uniformly dripping 2ml of the solution obtained in the step 1) into the pretreated 1g of molecular sieve obtained in the step 2), sealing by using a preservative film, performing ultrasonic oscillation for 30min, performing vacuum impregnation at normal temperature for 5 hours, performing vacuum drying at 70 ℃ for 2 hours, performing roasting at 400 ℃ for 4 hours under oxygen atmosphere, and naturally cooling after roasting;
4) then transferring the sample into a 5ml beaker again, uniformly dripping 1.5ml of the solution obtained in the step 1) again, and repeating the processes of dipping, drying and roasting once;
5) and after roasting, adding 2mol/L NaOH solution to dissolve the KIT-6 molecular sieve in the sample, then filtering, washing with clear water until the pH value of filtrate is 7, drying the washed sample at 110 ℃, drying, grinding, and sieving to obtain particles with the particle size of less than 100 meshes to obtain the porous cerium oxide sulfur dioxide removal material.
Example 2:
referring to example 1, except that, in step 1), manganese nitrate and cerium nitrate were dissolved in ethanol, respectively, to prepare a solution having a total Mn and Ce ion concentration of 1mol/L, Ce in terms of mole percentage of the sum of Mn and Ce of 0.25.
Example 3:
referring to example 1, except that, in step 1), manganese nitrate and cerium nitrate were dissolved in ethanol, respectively, to prepare a solution having a total Mn and Ce ion concentration of 1mol/L, Ce in terms of mole percentage of the sum of Mn and Ce of 0.05.
Detection, analysis, characterization
Detecting, analyzing and characterizing the shape, color, components, physical and chemical structure, sulfur dioxide removal performance and other parameters of the prepared porous manganese oxide/cerium oxide composite sulfur dioxide removal material;
electron microscopy of porous manganese oxideCarrying out micro-morphology analysis on the cerium oxide composite material for removing sulfur dioxide; FIG. 1 is a transmission electron microscope and a scanning electron microscope photograph of the porous manganese oxide/cerium oxide composite sulfur dioxide-removing material prepared in example 1. Therefore, the porous manganese oxide/cerium oxide composite sulfur dioxide removal material has a plurality of three-dimensional ordered pore channels, the structure is very regular, the pore channels are communicated with each other, the good mass transfer effect and the large contact area can be provided for the gas-solid phase reaction, and the SO is favorably realized2And (4) removing.
Carrying out phase analysis on the composite sulfur dioxide removal material by using an X-ray diffractometer; FIG. 2 shows a porous manganese oxide/cerium oxide composite sulfur dioxide-removed material prepared in examples 1-3, and porous manganese oxide (MnO) prepared in comparative examples 1-2x) And porous cerium oxide (CeO)x) X-ray diffraction pattern of (a). As can be seen, the crystal structure of the porous manganese oxide/cerium oxide composite sulfur dioxide removal material mainly shows MnOxWith increasing Ce content, MnOxThe characteristic peak intensity of the porous manganese oxide/cerium oxide composite sulfur dioxide removing material is continuously reduced, and the porous manganese oxide/cerium oxide composite sulfur dioxide removing material is converted to be in an amorphous state.
Analyzing the specific surface area and the pore size distribution of the composite sulfur dioxide removal material by using a nitrogen adsorption/desorption instrument; FIG. 3 is a graph of pore size distribution and specific surface area parameters for the porous manganese oxide/cerium oxide composite sulfur dioxide removal material prepared in examples 1-3. It can be seen that the pore size distribution of the porous manganese oxide/cerium oxide composite sulfur dioxide removal material is mainly concentrated in mesoporous channels of about 8nm and 20nm and contains a certain number of macroporous channels. With the increase of the Ce content, the specific surface area of the porous manganese oxide/cerium oxide composite material is increased to a certain extent, but the increase is not large.
Carrying out sulfur dioxide removal performance analysis on the composite sulfur dioxide removal material by using a thermobalance device; approximately 10mg of porous manganese oxide/cerium oxide (Mn) was first added to the thermobalance crucible0.85Ce0.15Ox) Compounding sulfur dioxide removing material, and sealing the reaction chamber. Oxygen and nitrogen are adjusted by a flow controller to generate O with the oxygen volume concentration of 5 percent2And N2The mixed gas is introduced into a reaction gas chamber of a thermogravimetric balance as protective gas with the flow rate of 40 ml/min. Program for programmingThe temperature is raised to 300 ℃ and then the temperature is kept for 1 h. SO generated by flow controller for regulating nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur dioxide2SO with component concentration of 1000ppm and oxygen volume concentration of 5%2、O2And N2The gas mixture of (2) was introduced into the reaction chamber of a thermogravimetric balance at a flow rate of 40 ml/min. When SO in the gas2After the SO is absorbed by the sulfur dioxide removal material, the mass of the sample can be changed, and the SO absorbed by the sulfur dioxide removal material through chemical reaction is recorded2And analyzing the data curve of the weight change to calculate various sulfur dioxide removal performances of the sulfur dioxide removal material. In addition, the sulfur dioxide removal performance of the conventional manganese oxide material (avadin M118109) and the high-performance manganese oxide material (Nano chemical 1313-13-9) obtained by purchase were also obtained by the test method, and compared with the sulfur dioxide removal performance of the porous manganese oxide/cerium oxide composite material obtained in example 1, and the comparison results are shown in FIG. 4. It can be seen that the porous manganese oxide/cerium oxide composite sulfur dioxide removal material obtained in example 1 has good sulfur dioxide removal performance, high sulfur dioxide removal speed and high sulfur dioxide removal capacity, and the performance of the material is far higher than that of the conventional commercial manganese oxide material and the high-performance commercial manganese oxide material.
Porous manganese oxide (MnO) prepared in comparative example 1x) And comparative example 2 preparation of porous cerium oxide (CeO)x) The sulfur dioxide removal performance of the porous manganese oxide/cerium oxide composite material obtained in example 1 was also compared with the sulfur dioxide removal performance of the porous manganese oxide/cerium oxide composite material obtained in example 1. Referring to FIG. 5, the results show that the combination of manganese oxide and cerium oxide synergistically increases SO2The reaction rate of the removal reaction.
And (4) conclusion: the obtained porous manganese oxide/cerium oxide composite sulfur dioxide removal material is black powder, the crystal structure mainly contains a characteristic peak of manganese oxide, the total body tends to an amorphous state, the material particles are arranged orderly, and the material has rich mesoporous pore channels and a small number of macroporous pore channels, the total pore volume is between 0.38cc/g and 0.75cc/g, the specific surface area is 150m2/g～170m2Between/g, the sulfur dioxide removal performance is 450mgSulfur dioxide/gSulfur dioxide removal materialAbove, the sulfur dioxide removal performance is greatly higher than that of the conventional commercially purchased manganese oxide sulfur dioxide removal material. After the manganese oxide and the cerium oxide are compounded, the manganese oxide and the cerium oxide have synergistic effect, SO is improved2The reaction rate of the removal reaction.
Claims (4)
1. The application of the porous manganese oxide/cerium oxide composite material for removing sulfur dioxide is characterized in that the material is used for removing sulfur dioxide and SO in tail gas of a diesel engine2The volume concentration range of the porous manganese oxide/cerium oxide composite sulfur dioxide removal material is 100-3000ppm, the temperature range is 200-500 ℃, and the mark of the porous manganese oxide/cerium oxide composite sulfur dioxide removal material is Mn1-yCeyOxWherein y is the mole percentage of Ce in the total amount of Mn and Ce, y is between 0.05 and 0.95, x is the number of oxygen atoms, x is between 1.0 and 2.0, manganese oxide and cerium oxide are compounded by a template method to form a porous structure, and the preparation method comprises the following steps:
1) respectively dissolving manganese nitrate and cerium nitrate in ethanol or water to prepare a solution with the total concentration of Mn and Ce ions of 0.8-1.3mol/L and the molar percentage of Ce in the total of Mn and Ce being y;
2) taking a molecular sieve capable of being dissolved in an alkaline solution, pretreating for 5-10 hours at 80-110 ℃ in a vacuum environment to obtain a pretreated molecular sieve, and then putting the pretreated molecular sieve into a reaction container;
3) uniformly dripping the solution obtained in the step 1) into the pretreated molecular sieve obtained in the step 2), wherein the solid-to-liquid ratio of the pretreated molecular sieve to the solution obtained in the step 1) is 1-2g/mL, then sealing by a preservative film, performing vacuum impregnation at normal temperature for 4-6 hours after ultrasonic oscillation for 20-40min, then performing vacuum drying at 60-100 ℃ for 2-3 hours, then performing roasting at 350-450 ℃ for 3-4 hours in an oxygen atmosphere, and naturally cooling after roasting;
4) then transferring the sample to a reaction container again, uniformly dripping the solution obtained in the step 1) again, and repeating the processes of dipping, drying and roasting once;
5) after roasting, adding alkali liquor to dissolve the molecular sieve in the sample, then filtering and washing with clear water until the filtrate is neutral, drying the washed sample at the temperature of 100 ℃ and 120 ℃, grinding after drying, and sieving particles with the particle size smaller than 100 meshes to obtain the porous manganese oxide/cerium oxide composite sulfur dioxide removal material.
2. The use of the composite sulfur dioxide removal material as claimed in claim 1, wherein y is between 0.05 and 0.35.
3. The use of the composite sulfur dioxide removing material according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the molecular sieve capable of dissolving in an alkaline solution is a KIT-6 molecular sieve.
4. The application of the composite material for removing sulfur dioxide as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the alkali solution in step 5) is 2mol/L NaOH solution.
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