CN110542882A - RFID-based method for calculating position of article in drawer - Google Patents
RFID-based method for calculating position of article in drawer Download PDFInfo
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- CN110542882A CN110542882A CN201910796415.7A CN201910796415A CN110542882A CN 110542882 A CN110542882 A CN 110542882A CN 201910796415 A CN201910796415 A CN 201910796415A CN 110542882 A CN110542882 A CN 110542882A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/74—Systems using reradiation of radio waves, e.g. secondary radar systems; Analogous systems
- G01S13/82—Systems using reradiation of radio waves, e.g. secondary radar systems; Analogous systems wherein continuous-type signals are transmitted
- G01S13/825—Systems using reradiation of radio waves, e.g. secondary radar systems; Analogous systems wherein continuous-type signals are transmitted with exchange of information between interrogator and responder
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S5/00—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations
- G01S5/02—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations using radio waves
- G01S5/0252—Radio frequency fingerprinting
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S5/00—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations
- G01S5/02—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations using radio waves
- G01S5/0257—Hybrid positioning
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
- G06K7/00—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns
- G06K7/0008—General problems related to the reading of electronic memory record carriers, independent of its reading method, e.g. power transfer
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Artificial Intelligence (AREA)
- Computer Vision & Pattern Recognition (AREA)
- Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Radar Systems Or Details Thereof (AREA)
- Position Fixing By Use Of Radio Waves (AREA)
Abstract
RSSThe invention provides a method for calculating the position of an article in a drawer based on Radio Frequency Identification (RFID), which comprises the following steps: deploying an antenna, acquiring an original value of Received Signal Strength (RSS) of a tag, and performing filtering processing to obtain a final RSS value; recording the coordinates of the antennas at different positions and corresponding RSS values; calculating the coordinate of each row of articles along the moving direction axis (X axis) of the reader-writer; and calculating the coordinates of the article along an axis (Y-axis) perpendicular to the direction of movement of the reader/writer. Wherein: firstly, acquiring U maximum RSS values of tags positioned at the forefront of a drawer and corresponding antenna coordinates, and calculating the absolute position of an article on an X axis by averaging the antenna coordinates; and then, randomly selecting an RSS value fitting logarithmic distance path loss model of a column of labels, and substituting the RSS value of the label into the fitting model to determine the Y-axis coordinate of the article. The method for calculating the position of the object in the drawer based on the RFID can calculate the absolute position of each object in the drawer.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of wireless positioning in the technology of Internet of things, in particular to a method for calculating the position of an object in a drawer based on RFID.
Background
The RFID technology is a non-contact automatic identification technology. The working principle of the system is that information exchange is carried out in a radio frequency electromagnetic coupling mode, and the input and processing of information can be excellently completed in the identification process without manual intervention, so that the aim of identifying a target is fulfilled. In the era of rapid development of the internet of things, the RFID technology can be widely applied to various fields, wherein the positioning technology is an important research field of the RFID. The RFID positioning system is mainly used for positioning by arranging the electronic tags and the reader, the reader is simple to operate for reading the information of the tags, real-time targets can be tracked and positioned without connecting with other devices by means of solid objects, and the moving targets and the targets can be identified, so that the identification distance is long.
The RFID may use Received Signal Strength (RSS) to determine the location of the object to be located. The RSS values obtained at the receiver can be obtained in the form described by various propagation models, a function of the distance between the receiver and the transmitter. Many studies have shown that indoor path loss follows a logarithmic distance loss model.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for calculating the position of an object in a drawer based on RFID.
The invention provides a method for calculating the position of an object in a drawer based on RFID (radio frequency identification), which comprises the following steps: s1, deploying an antenna, acquiring the original RSS value of the label, and filtering to obtain the final RSS value; s2, recording the coordinates of the antenna at different positions and corresponding RSS values; s3, calculating coordinates of each row of articles along the moving direction axis (X axis) of the reader-writer, wherein: s31, acquiring the maximum RSS values of the U tags positioned at the forefront of the drawer and the corresponding antenna coordinates { xmax,1, xmax,2, … xmax, U }; s32, calculating the absolute position of the article on the X axis by averaging the antenna coordinates; s4, calculating the coordinate of the article along the axis (Y axis) perpendicular to the moving direction of the reader-writer, wherein: s41, randomly selecting RSS values of a row of labels to fit a logarithmic distance path loss model; and S42, substituting the RSS value of the label into the fitted ranging model to judge the Y-axis coordinate of the article.
Further, the step S41 may include: based on a logarithmic distance path loss model followed by wireless signals in an indoor environment, an RSS value fitting curve of a row of articles is randomly selected to obtain a distance loss factor.
further, the step S42 may include: and substituting the RSS value of the object into the path loss model to obtain the distance between the antenna and the object, and subtracting the distance between the antenna and the drawer front plate to obtain the Y-axis coordinate of the object.
The method for calculating the position of the object in the drawer based on the RFID is adopted, the RSS values of the object read by the antenna at different antenna positions are utilized, and then the absolute position of the object in the drawer is obtained by utilizing the antenna coordinates corresponding to the U maximum RSS values of the object and the fitted logarithmic distance path loss model.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows a schematic flow diagram of a method according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 shows a schematic diagram of an experimental scenario according to an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are illustrative only for the purpose of explaining the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an", "the" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising," when used in this specification, specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof. It will be understood that when an element of the present invention is referred to as being "connected" or "coupled" to another element, it can be directly connected or coupled to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. Further, "connected" or "coupled" as used herein may include wirelessly connected or coupled. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
it will be understood by those skilled in the art that, unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. It will be further understood that terms, such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries, should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their meaning in the context of the prior art and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless expressly so defined herein.
aiming at the problems in the prior art and the results obtained in the actual program test, the invention provides a method for calculating the position of an object in a drawer based on RFID.
The invention provides a method for calculating the position of an object in a drawer based on RFID (radio frequency identification), which is implemented as shown in figure 1, and comprises the following specific processes:
(1) 16 items with attached RFID passive tags are placed evenly inside a drawer with an internal dimension of 38cm by 28cm, as shown in the scene distribution diagram of fig. 2; and establishing a coordinate system at the internal structure of the drawer, wherein: an X-axis is established along the short side of the drawer, a Y-axis is established along the long side of the drawer, and the lower left corner of the drawer is set as a coordinate system origin O.
(2) Deploying reader antenna and obtaining original RSS value of label
As shown in FIG. 2, the reader antenna is placed in front of the drawer with the antenna plane parallel to and at a distance of 3cm from the drawer front, and the reader antenna is moved along the X-axis at regular intervals of 2cm from the origin O to the X-axis 28cm, i.e., at the inner right boundary of the drawer. Therefore, during the whole moving process, the reader-writer antenna stays at the following positions at equal intervals: a1, a2, …, a 15. When the antenna moves to a position, the antenna of the reader-writer can send a frequency hopping signal with the power of 20dBm and the frequency of 920-928 MHZ, the RFID tags in the drawer are all in an activatable area, the tags can generate induced current to return self information to the antenna of the reader-writer through the built-in antenna, and the self information is processed through a host system connected with the reader-writer to obtain the original RSS return data of each tag.
(3) Filtering raw RSS data
after the reader antenna finishes reading the tag information at different positions, each tag will obtain 15 sets of original RSS data. In order to represent the RSS characteristics of the reader-writer antenna at different positions, original data needs to be processed, abnormal data is removed through a hampel method, and then the rest RSS data is averaged to obtain an RSS value. Thus, for any one item, the antenna has a corresponding 15 RSS values at 15 locations.
(4) Calculating the position of the article in the X-axis direction from the RSS values
All labels are uniformly distributed, so that the X-axis coordinates of all articles can be obtained by only calculating the coordinates of the labels in the front row in the drawer on the X axis. Through experimental phenomena, the fact that offset exists between the antenna coordinate corresponding to the RSS peak value of the label and the actual X-axis coordinate of the label can be found out all the time.
to be able to solve this problem, the maximum U RSS values of the tag are used to estimate the position of the item on the X-axis, rather than just its peak (maximum). Specifically, for the first tag in each column, we find the maximum U RSS values and their corresponding antenna coordinates { xmax,1, xmax,2, … xmax, U }, and then calculate the absolute position of the item on the X-axis by averaging these coordinates, i.e., the absolute position of the item on the X-axis
wherein xabs is the true coordinate of the article on the X-axis.
(5) calculating the position of the article in the Y-axis direction by fitting a distance path loss model
When the reader antenna is perpendicular to a tag, the peak RSS value for the same column of tags decreases with distance from the front panel of the drawer. We can therefore build a corresponding path loss model to determine the Y-axis coordinates of the article. Many studies have shown that wireless signals follow a logarithmic distance path loss model in an indoor environment, i.e.
Where PL (d) represents the RSS when the transmitter is at a distance d from the receiver, PL (d0) represents the RSS when the distance is d0, n is the path loss factor, and Xs is a normal random variable with a mean value of 0.
Since each RSS value of a tag is obtained by averaging a set of RSS readings, Xs can be removed from the above model. For d0 and PL (d), when the item is closest to the drawer front, the reader antenna is at the peak position of the interrogation, we assign the distance between the antenna and the item at that time as d0, and assign the corresponding RSS value, RSSd0, as PL (d 0). Thus, the model is converted into
where RSS (d) equals PL (d). Thus, the distance between the tag and the antenna is expressed as
Where n can be estimated offline through a set of (d, rss (d)).
Then the true coordinates yabs of the marks on the y-axis are calculated as
y＝d-d
Where dA, f is the distance between the antenna and the front plate.
The invention provides a method for calculating the position of an object in a drawer based on RFID (radio frequency identification), which comprises the following steps: s1, deploying an antenna, acquiring the original RSS value of the label, and filtering to obtain the final RSS value; s2, recording the coordinates of the antenna at different positions and corresponding RSS values; s3, calculating coordinates of each row of articles along the moving direction axis (X axis) of the reader-writer, wherein: s31, acquiring the maximum RSS values of the U tags positioned at the forefront of the drawer and the corresponding antenna coordinates { xmax,1, xmax,2, … xmax, U }; s32, calculating the absolute position of the article on the X axis by averaging the antenna coordinates; s4, calculating the coordinate of the article along the axis (Y axis) perpendicular to the moving direction of the reader-writer, wherein: s41, randomly selecting RSS values of a row of labels to fit a logarithmic distance path loss model; and S42, substituting the RSS value of the label into the fitted ranging model to judge the Y-axis coordinate of the article.
Further, the step S41 may include: based on a logarithmic distance path loss model followed by wireless signals in an indoor environment, an RSS value fitting curve of a row of articles is randomly selected to obtain a distance loss factor.
Further, the step S42 may include: and substituting the RSS value of the object into the path loss model to obtain the distance between the antenna and the object, and subtracting the distance between the antenna and the drawer front plate to obtain the Y-axis coordinate of the object.
The method for calculating the position of the object in the drawer based on the RFID is adopted, the RSS values of the object read by the antenna at different antenna positions are utilized, and then the absolute position of the object in the drawer is obtained by utilizing the antenna coordinates corresponding to the U maximum RSS values of the object and the fitted logarithmic distance path loss model.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the present invention may be directed to an apparatus for performing one or more of the operations described in the present application. The apparatus may be specially designed and constructed for the required purposes, or it may comprise any known apparatus in a general purpose computer selectively activated or reconfigured by a program stored in the general purpose computer. Such a computer program may be stored in a device (e.g., computer) readable medium, including, but not limited to, any type of disk including floppy disks, hard disks, optical disks, CD-ROMs, and magnetic-optical disks, Random Access Memories (RAMs), Read Only Memories (ROMs), electrically programmable ROMs, electrically erasable ROMs (eproms), electrically erasable programmable ROMs (eeproms), flash memories, magnetic cards, or optical cards, or any type of media suitable for storing electronic instructions, and each coupled to a bus. A readable medium includes any mechanism for storing or transmitting information in a form readable by a device (e.g., a computer). For example, readable media includes Random Access Memory (RAM), Read Only Memory (ROM), magnetic disk storage media, optical storage media, flash memory devices, signals propagating in electrical, optical, acoustical or other forms (e.g., carrier waves, infrared signals, digital signals), and so on.
It will be understood by those within the art that each block of the block diagrams and/or flowchart illustrations, and combinations of blocks in the block diagrams and/or flowchart illustrations, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the methods specified in the block or blocks of the block diagrams and/or flowchart block or blocks.
Those of skill in the art will appreciate that various operations, methods, steps in the processes, acts, or solutions discussed in the present application may be alternated, modified, combined, or deleted. Further, various operations, methods, steps in the flows, which have been discussed in the present application, may be interchanged, modified, rearranged, decomposed, combined, or eliminated. Further, steps, measures, schemes in the various operations, methods, procedures disclosed in the prior art and the present invention can also be alternated, changed, rearranged, decomposed, combined, or deleted.
The foregoing is only a partial embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. An RFID-based method for calculating the position of an object in a drawer is characterized by comprising the following steps:
S1, deploying an antenna, acquiring an original value of Received Signal Strength (RSS) of the tag, and performing filtering processing to obtain a final RSS value;
S2, recording the coordinates of the antenna at different positions and corresponding RSS values;
S3, calculating coordinates of each row of articles along the moving direction axis (X axis) of the reader-writer, wherein:
S31, acquiring the maximum RSS values of the U tags positioned at the forefront of the drawer and the corresponding antenna coordinates { xmax,1, xmax,2, … xmax, U };
S32, calculating the absolute position of the article on the X axis by averaging the antenna coordinates;
S4, calculating the coordinate of the article along the axis (Y axis) perpendicular to the moving direction of the reader-writer, wherein:
S41, randomly selecting RSS values of a row of labels to fit a logarithmic distance path loss model;
And S42, substituting the RSS value of the label into the fitted ranging model to judge the Y-axis coordinate of the article.
2. The RFID-based in-drawer item location calculation method of claim 1, wherein the step S41 further comprises:
Wireless signals follow a logarithmic distance path loss model in an indoor environment, i.e.
Where PL (d) represents the RSS when the transmitter is at a distance d from the receiver, PL (d0) represents the RSS when the distance is d0, n is the path loss factor, and Xs is a normal random variable with a mean value of 0.
Since each RSS value of a tag is obtained by averaging a set of RSS readings, Xs can be removed from the above model. When the item is closest to the drawer front, the reader antenna is at the peak position of the interrogation, and we assign the distance between the antenna and the item at this time as d0 and assign the corresponding RSS value, namely RSSd0, as PL (d 0). Thus, the model is converted into
Where RSS (d) is equal to PL (d), n can be estimated offline by (d, RSS (d)) for the same column of items.
3. The RFID-based in-drawer item location calculation method of claim 1, wherein the step S42 further comprises:
the distance between the object and the antenna is indicated as
Wherein d0 is the distance between the antenna and the article when the reader antenna is located at the peak position of the query, and the RSS value at this time is recorded as RSS (d 0); pl (d) represents the RSS value when the reader antenna is at a distance d from the item; n path loss factor
then the true coordinates yabs of the article on the y-axis are calculated as
y＝d-d
Where dA, f is the distance between the antenna and the front plate.
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Cited By (1)
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