CN110542858A - Non-invasive asynchronous motor rotor initial fault detection method - Google Patents
Non-invasive asynchronous motor rotor initial fault detection method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110542858A CN110542858A CN201910906150.1A CN201910906150A CN110542858A CN 110542858 A CN110542858 A CN 110542858A CN 201910906150 A CN201910906150 A CN 201910906150A CN 110542858 A CN110542858 A CN 110542858A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/34—Testing dynamo-electric machines
- G01R31/343—Testing dynamo-electric machines in operation
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/34—Testing dynamo-electric machines
- G01R31/346—Testing of armature or field windings
Abstract
the invention relates to a detection method capable of monitoring initial faults of an asynchronous motor rotor on line by adopting a non-invasive mode, belonging to the technical field of detection. The invention discloses a non-invasive method for detecting initial faults of an asynchronous motor rotor, which aims to realize effective detection of the initial faults of the asynchronous motor rotor and improve the safety, reliability and operation and maintenance efficiency of a motor system. The method takes the motor stator voltage/current as an information source for fault detection, and then sends the collected voltage/current to an upper computer software operating system based on Labview as a core for analysis after the collected voltage/current is acquired by a data acquisition card, so that the functions of real-time voltage/current signal acquisition, fault detection and identification, remote online monitoring and the like can be realized. The invention solves the problems of the traditional rotor fault detection method and simultaneously promotes the development of the fault detection technology to the intelligent detection direction of real-time, online and remote movement.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a detection method capable of monitoring initial faults of an asynchronous motor rotor on line by adopting a non-invasive mode, belonging to the technical field of detection.
Background
When the asynchronous motor has a rotor fault, not only deviation is generated on a mechanical structure, but also fault information is transmitted to signals such as air gap flux linkage, stator current, electromagnetic torque, rotating speed and the like through an electromagnetic coupling effect. Further, various failure detection methods such as an electromagnetic torque detection method, a stator residual voltage detection method, a rotation speed detection method, a vibration detection method, an air gap flux detection method, a stator voltage/current detection method, and the like have been developed. The electromagnetic torque/rotation speed detection method needs to install an expensive torque/rotation speed sensor, not only increases the cost and complexity of the system, but also limits the application range of the electromagnetic torque/rotation speed detection method due to construction difficulty and field conditions. The stator residual voltage detection is an off-line detection method and cannot realize on-line detection. The air gap flux linkage detection method needs to install a detection coil in the motor, so that the shutdown time is long, and the construction difficulty is high. Vibration signal detection is another effective method, but this method not only adds additional sensors but also is susceptible to interference from other mechanical faults.
The stator current is the quantity which can reflect the rotor fault most except the magnetic flux, and the detection Method (MCSA) based on the signal can be made into a non-invasive mode, has the advantages of easy realization, low cost and the like, and represents the future development direction of motor fault diagnosis.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a non-invasive method for detecting the initial fault of the rotor of the asynchronous motor, which takes LabVIEW as a software development platform and adopts the idea of modular programming to realize the online detection of the fault of the rotor of the asynchronous motor.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a non-intrusive asynchronous motor rotor initial fault detection method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
Step 1: configuring a capture card drive before starting to detect the rotor fault, then creating a signal capture task, and configuring an initialization sampling parameter;
step 2: after the data acquisition module finishes the acquisition and processing of the signals, the signals are displayed in real time through a oscillogram control in the LabVIEW;
And step 3: selecting a corresponding detection algorithm to operate the voltage/current signal, and extracting fault characteristic quantity;
and 4, step 4: and judging whether the rotor has faults or not according to the display result of the oscillogram control and the detection principle of the adopted algorithm, and outputting a diagnosis result.
The step 1 comprises the steps of establishing a signal acquisition task by using a DAQ Create Channel function, and carrying out initialization setting on the signal sampling frequency, the sampling mode and the sampling number of each Channel.
And 2, adding a While circulating structure into the data acquisition module.
The detection algorithm of the step 3 comprises fast Fourier transform, Hilbert transform and PARK vector algorithm.
And 3, selecting a detection algorithm through a tab control in the LabVIEW, and adopting another detection method or a plurality of detection methods to cooperatively detect when one detection method is not ideal.
And 4, performing webpage publishing through a Web publishing tool in LabVIEW to realize remote online detection.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the stator voltage/current signals are collected and analyzed in real time, and the functions of fault detection and identification, remote online monitoring and the like can be realized; the problem of the traditional rotor fault detection method is solved, and meanwhile, the fault detection technology is promoted to be developed towards the intelligent detection direction of real-time, online and remote movement.
drawings
the invention is further illustrated below with reference to the figures and examples.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the detection method of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a data collection module workflow diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of the rotor fault detection analysis of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The specific implementation mode of the invention provides a non-invasive asynchronous motor initial fault detection method, which comprises the following steps:
after the signal acquisition and conditioning equipment acquires voltage/current signals of the motor, the converted standard voltage/current signals are transmitted to the data acquisition card, and then the signals are transmitted to the computer in a wireless communication mode, and a software operating system on the computer mainly has the functions of signal real-time acquisition, algorithm real-time analysis, result real-time display and the like. Meanwhile, a software platform of the detection system is issued to the cloud end, so that a user can carry out remote detection and monitoring. The voltage and current signals in the embodiment, namely the voltage and current signals at the input end of the stator of the asynchronous motor, can be acquired by utilizing the current clamp, the Hall sensor and the like, so that the motor shell does not need to be invaded, and the device has stronger convenience and practicability.
A method for detecting initial faults of a rotor of a non-invasive asynchronous motor as shown in fig. 1 is characterized by comprising the following steps:
Step 1: configuring a capture card drive before starting to detect the rotor fault, then creating a signal capture task, and configuring an initialization sampling parameter;
Step 2: after the data acquisition module finishes the acquisition and processing of the signals, the signals are displayed in real time through a oscillogram control in the LabVIEW;
and step 3: selecting corresponding detection algorithms including fast Fourier transform, Hilbert transform and PARK vector algorithm, operating the voltage/current signals, and extracting fault characteristic quantity;
and 4, step 4: and judging whether the rotor has faults or not according to the display result of the oscillogram control and the detection principle of the adopted algorithm, and outputting a diagnosis result. And feeding back the detection result to the user in time.
as shown in the flow chart of the data acquisition module shown in fig. 2, before acquiring signals, the driver of the NI acquisition card needs to be configured, a signal acquisition task is created by using the DAQ Create Channel function, and the signal sampling frequency, the sampling mode, and the number of samples per Channel are initialized. The collection process is mainly completed by functions such as DAQ Timing and DAQ Read. The DAQ Timing function is used for setting parameters such as sampling frequency, sampling number of each channel, sampling mode and terminals, and the DAQ Read function is used for completing the function of reading data. And finally, adding a While circulating structure outside the module to ensure that the functions of continuously acquiring signals and displaying waveforms in real time can be realized.
as shown in the flow chart of the rotor fault detection shown in fig. 3, a detection algorithm is selected through a tab control in LabVIEW, and when one method is not ideal, another detection method or a plurality of detection methods are adopted for cooperative detection, wherein the detection algorithms comprise fast fourier transform, hilbert transform and PARK vector algorithm. The algorithms have small calculation amount so as to meet the requirement of online real-time detection.
The fast fourier transform is directly implemented using the "FFT spectrum" sub VI in labVIEW.
The implementation of Hilbert transform requires that the data type of a signal is converted from a 1D array data type with waveform (DBL) content to a 1D array type with double-precision (DBL) content, then the square of an analytic signal module is obtained by utilizing the operation of a Hilbert transform sub-VI and a square sum module, and then the direct-current component is filtered by taking the operation of a negative number after two successive Hilbert transforms; and finally, carrying out FFT analysis on the frequency spectrum of the square module of the analysis signal, and displaying the frequency spectrum in real time by adopting a oscillogram control.
The implementation of the PARK vector algorithm requires that the two sub-VI of "index array" and "waveform acquisition" are first used to obtain the time interval of the waveform and the data value of the returned waveform. And then converting the three-phase stator current signals into a two-phase coordinate system according to a mathematical formula of PARK conversion to obtain current signals Id and Iq. And finally, binding the signals into cluster elements by using a binding sub VI, and transmitting the cluster elements to an XY diagram to display the track shape of the XY diagram in real time.
The webpage is published through a Web publishing tool in LabVIEW, and a user only needs to input a given website, so that the remote online function can be realized at a computer end or a mobile phone end.
When the invention is used, the method only needs to be carried out according to the following steps:
(1) a detection person remotely logs in a login interface of an industrial tablet computer end software operating system, inputs a user name and a password and enters the operation interface;
(2) Establishing a signal acquisition task, and setting related acquisition parameters such as a sampling mode, sampling frequency, sampling point number and the like;
(3) pressing a start button of a software operating system to start to detect the signal;
(4) selecting a corresponding detection algorithm through a tab control of the interface;
(5) And judging whether the asynchronous motor has rotor faults or not according to the graph displayed by the algorithm analysis module and by combining a detection principle corresponding to the algorithm.
the foregoing is only a few preferred embodiments of the present invention, and it should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be construed as the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a non-intrusive asynchronous motor rotor initial fault detection method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: configuring a capture card drive before starting to detect the rotor fault, then creating a signal capture task, and configuring an initialization sampling parameter;
Step 2: after the data acquisition module finishes the acquisition and processing of the signals, the signals are displayed in real time through a oscillogram control in the LabVIEW;
And step 3: selecting a corresponding detection algorithm to operate the voltage/current signal, and extracting fault characteristic quantity;
And 4, step 4: and judging whether the rotor has faults or not according to the display result of the oscillogram control and the detection principle of the adopted algorithm, and outputting a diagnosis result.
2. A method for detecting incipient faults of a rotor of a non-invasive asynchronous motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: the step 1 comprises the steps of establishing a signal acquisition task by using a DAQ Create Channel function, and carrying out initialization setting on the signal sampling frequency, the sampling mode and the sampling number of each Channel.
3. A method for detecting incipient faults of a rotor of a non-invasive asynchronous motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: and 2, adding a While circulating structure into the data acquisition module.
4. A method for detecting incipient faults of a rotor of a non-invasive asynchronous motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: the detection algorithm of the step 3 comprises fast Fourier transform, Hilbert transform and PARK vector algorithm.
5. A method for detecting incipient faults of a rotor of a non-invasive asynchronous motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: and 3, selecting a detection algorithm through a tab control in the LabVIEW, and adopting another detection method or a plurality of detection methods to cooperatively detect when one detection method is not ideal.
6. a method for detecting incipient faults of a rotor of a non-invasive asynchronous motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: and 4, performing webpage publishing through a Web publishing tool in LabVIEW to realize remote online detection.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114740352A (en) * | 2022-06-09 | 2022-07-12 | 深圳市永达电子信息股份有限公司 | Non-contact motor fault detection method and system |
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Application publication date: 20191206 |