CN110542840A - Return voltage curve drawing method, terminal device and storage medium - Google Patents
Return voltage curve drawing method, terminal device and storage medium Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/12—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for drawing a return voltage curve, a terminal device and a storage medium, wherein the method comprises the following steps: s1: testing the transformer to obtain 2N +1 groups of corresponding return voltage characteristic data; s2: calculating model parameters of an extended Debye equivalent circuit model of the transformer by using a chaotic particle swarm algorithm according to the acquired 2N +1 groups of reply voltage characteristic data; s3: calculating poles and zeros of the transfer function according to the model parameters; s4: calculating each attenuation coefficient according to the pole and the zero of the transfer function; s5: and calculating a recovery voltage curve under the charging time. According to the invention, through the analysis of the equivalent circuit of the oil paper insulation transformer, the corresponding return voltage curve in a certain charging time can be accurately described, and an important foundation is laid for analyzing the similarities and differences of the return voltage curves in various states.
Description
Technical Field
the invention relates to the field of transformer diagnosis, in particular to a method for drawing a return voltage curve, terminal equipment and a storage medium.
Background
the time domain dielectric spectroscopy is a nondestructive diagnosis method commonly used for researching the aging state of the oil paper insulation transformer at present, and the method mainly comprises a return voltage method and a polarization depolarization current method. The return voltage method is simple in test, large in numerical value and strong in anti-interference capability, so that the study of scholars at home and abroad on the return voltage method is wider. The recovery voltage method mainly utilizes three characteristic quantities of recovery voltage initial slope, recovery voltage maximum value and peak time corresponding to the recovery voltage maximum value under different charging times acquired by a recovery voltage tester to analyze the transformer oil paper insulation aging state. The test charging time in the recovery voltage tester is set to be fixed time points (about 10-15 points), so that a corresponding recovery voltage curve in a certain charging time cannot be obtained on one hand, the charging time points are few, and the obtained transformer aging information amount is also small. Therefore, it is necessary to research a method for solving a recovery voltage curve, which can obtain a recovery voltage curve in a certain charging time, analyze the recovery voltage characteristic quantity in each state, and provide an important basis for the state diagnosis of the oil-paper insulation transformer.
disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a method for drawing a recovery voltage curve, a terminal device and a storage medium.
The specific scheme is as follows:
A method for drawing a return voltage curve comprises the following steps:
S1: testing the transformer to obtain 2N +1 groups of corresponding reply voltage characteristic data, wherein N represents the number of polarization branches in an extended Debye equivalent circuit model of the transformer, and the reply voltage characteristic data comprises: the polarization voltage U0, the charging time tc, the discharging time td, the initial slope of the recovery voltage, the maximum value Urmax of the recovery voltage and the corresponding peak time tpeak at the maximum value of the recovery voltage;
S2: calculating model parameters of an extended Debye equivalent circuit model of the transformer according to the acquired 2N +1 groups of return voltage characteristic data and by using a chaotic particle swarm algorithm according to the following formula; the model parameters include: an insulation resistance Rg of the insulation system, a geometric capacitance Cg of the insulation system, a polarization capacitance Cpi of each polarization branch, and a polarization resistance Rpi, where i is 1,2, …, N;
Wherein τ i ═ RpiCpi, denotes the time constant of the polarization branch, Ur denotes the recovery voltage, denotes the initial slope of the recovery voltage, and e denotes the natural constant;
S3: calculating poles and zeros of the transfer function according to the model parameters:
wherein s is a complex variable in the Laplace transformation, p represents a pole, z represents a zero point, Ucpi represents a residual voltage on the polarization capacitor Cpi, Uri represents an equivalent recovery voltage generated by an equivalent circuit corresponding to the polarization capacitor Cpi, and H, L is a denominator polynomial coefficient and a numerator polynomial coefficient in the above formula respectively;
S4: calculating each attenuation coefficient according to the poles and zeros of the transfer function:
Where B denotes the attenuation coefficient, j ≠ 1,2, …, N +1, l ≠ 1,2, …, N +1, and l ≠ j, k ≠ 1,2, …, N;
s5: calculating a recovery voltage curve under the charging time:
Where t represents time.
Further, different groups of recovery voltage characteristic data in the 2N +1 groups of recovery voltage characteristic data correspond to different charging time or discharging time.
a reply voltage curve drawing terminal device includes a processor, a memory, and a computer program stored in the memory and operable on the processor, and when the processor executes the computer program, the processor implements the steps of the method described above in the embodiments of the present invention.
A computer-readable storage medium, in which a computer program is stored, which, when being executed by a processor, carries out the steps of the method according to an embodiment of the invention as described above.
according to the technical scheme, the recovery voltage function expression is constructed through the analysis of the equivalent circuit of the oil paper insulation transformer, the matlab software is used for accurately describing the corresponding recovery voltage curve in a certain charging time, an important basis is laid for analyzing the difference and the same points of the recovery voltage curve in various states, an important basis is provided for researching the aging mechanism and the aging state diagnosis of the insulation medium of the transformer, and the defects in the measurement process of the recovery voltage tester are overcome.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating a connection for a recovery voltage test of a dual-winding transformer according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 shows an equivalent circuit diagram of the relaxation response of the medium based on the extended debye model in the embodiment.
fig. 3 shows an operational circuit diagram of the polarization branch 1 in this embodiment acting alone.
Fig. 4 shows a graph of the recovery voltage for the charging times 0.1s and 5s in this example.
Fig. 5 shows a graph of the recovery voltage for charging times 50s and 500s in this embodiment.
Detailed Description
to further illustrate the various embodiments, the invention provides the accompanying drawings. The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this disclosure, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the embodiments. Those skilled in the art will appreciate still other possible embodiments and advantages of the present invention with reference to these figures.
The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description.
The first embodiment is as follows:
1. Test principle of return voltage method
in this example, a field oilpaper insulation transformer or an experimental transformer model was subjected to a return voltage measurement using a Tettex RVM5461 automatic return voltage tester. The device carries out test testing according to preset test parameters, wherein the test parameters comprise polarization voltage U0, charging time tc and discharging time td, and the characteristic quantity of the recovery voltage and the polarization spectrum of the recovery voltage of each measurement are obtained and recorded. The recovery voltage characteristic quantity comprises a recovery voltage initial slope (namely Sr), a recovery voltage maximum value Urmax and a corresponding peak time tpeak.
referring to fig. 1, the method of the recovery voltage test includes: the charge, discharge, measurement and relaxation of the return voltage measurement are made by changing the state of the switch S.
A charging stage: firstly, a switch S is closed to a contact 1, a direct-current voltage source charges an oil-paper insulation system of the transformer, so that an internal insulation medium is polarized, bound charges appear on the surface of the insulation medium, internal dipoles are arranged in a directional mode, and the charging time is tc.
and (3) a discharging stage: and then closing the switch S to the contact 2, so that the transformer oil paper insulation system is in a short-circuit state, the surface charge is immediately released, the depolarization process of the insulation medium occurs, and the short-circuit time (namely, the discharge time) is td and is half of the charging time tc.
measurement and relaxation phases: finally, the switch S is closed to the contact 3, so that the oil-paper insulation system of the transformer is in an open circuit state, and residual polarization charges of the insulation medium form a voltage response, namely a return voltage Ur, across the electrodes.
by changing the charging time tc, a series of recovery voltage characteristic quantities can be obtained. The curve of the change of the recovery voltage value with time is called the recovery voltage curve.
2. Analytic formula of return voltage function
The insulation system of the oil-paper insulation transformer is mainly composed of insulation paper and insulation oil, and is generally characterized by an extended debye equivalent circuit model as shown in fig. 2.
In fig. 2, Rg is the insulation resistance of the insulation system, which reflects the conductance of the oiled paper combination insulation, and Cg is the geometric capacitance of the insulation system, which reflects the insulation structure of the transformer; cpi and Rpi respectively represent polarization capacitance and polarization resistance in different relaxation processes, and the product τ i ═ RpiCpi is the time constant of each polarization branch; n denotes the number of polarization branches, i is 1,2, …, N.
from circuit knowledge, after the single measurement of the recovery voltage is finished, each polarization capacitor in fig. 2 has residual charges, the voltages formed by the residual charges at the two ends of the polarization capacitor can be equivalent to independent voltage sources, and the recovery voltage value is the superposition of the action effects of the independent voltage sources formed by each polarization capacitor.
In this embodiment, the residual voltage action of Cp1 is taken as an example, and the effect of Cp alone is analyzed, and the corresponding operation circuit is shown in fig. 3.
Based on the basic knowledge of the arithmetic circuit, the expressions (1) and (2) can be obtained.
where s is a complex variable in the Laplace transform.
by using the equations (1) and (2), a transfer function between the residual voltage Ucp1 at Cp1 and the recovery voltage Ur1(s) generated by the equivalent circuit can be obtained, as shown in equation (3):
Therefore, a general formula of a transfer function between the residual voltage Ucpi on the polarization capacitor Cpi and the equivalent recovery voltage Uri generated by the corresponding equivalent circuit can be derived, as shown in formula (4).
Where Ucpi represents a residual voltage on the polarization capacitor Cpi, and Uri represents an equivalent recovery voltage generated by an equivalent circuit corresponding to the polarization capacitor Cpi.
The transfer function shown in the formula (5) can be obtained by performing pull type inverse transformation on the formula (4) and arranging:
wherein H0, i to HN, i and L0 to LN respectively represent denominator polynomial coefficients and numerator polynomial coefficients combined by relaxation response equivalent circuit parameters (Rg, Cg, Rpi and Cpi) in formula (4).
assuming (p1, p2, …, pN +1) as the pole of the transfer function and (z1, i, z2, i, …, zN, i) as the zero of the transfer function, equation (5) can be changed to:
By performing inverse laplace transform on the equation (6), an expression of an equivalent recovery voltage Uri (t, tc, td) corresponding to the polarization capacitance Cpi can be obtained:
the coefficients Bj, i preceding each attenuation term are:
Where B denotes the attenuation coefficient, j ≠ 1,2, …, N +1, l ≠ 1,2, …, N +1, and l ≠ j, k ≠ 1,2, …, N.
since the polarization capacitance Cpi has a residual voltage Ucpi after the end of a single measurement:
according to the superposition theorem of circuit theory, the expression of the obtained recovery voltage is as follows:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
3. Solution of the Return Voltage Curve
From fig. 2, it can be derived from kirchhoff's law:
The finishing method can obtain the following components:
When t is 0, the initial slope of the recovery voltage and ur (t) t is 0, which are taken into formula (14):
when t ═ tpeak (peak time), the initial slope of the recovery voltage and drive-in (14) are given by:
As can be seen from the above, equations (15) and (16) include the insulation resistance Rg and the geometric capacitance Cg of the transformer equivalent circuit, and the polarization resistances Rpi and the polarization capacitances Cpi (i ═ 1,2, …, N) of the N polarization branches, and each of equations (15) and (16) has 2N +1 unknown circuit parameters. Therefore, the corresponding initial slope Sr of the recovery voltage, the maximum value Urmax of the recovery voltage and the peak time tpeak thereof can be obtained by changing the charging time tc and the discharging time td for 2N +1 times, and the values are taken into the formulas (15) and (16), and the parameter values of the equivalent circuit of the transformer are solved by combining the Chaotic Particle Swarm Optimization (CPSO). And then applying the solved equivalent circuit parameters to the matlab program to carry in (4) to (10), so as to obtain a recovery voltage curve under the series of charging time tc and discharging time td.
in summary, the embodiment provides a method for solving a recovery voltage curve under a certain charging time, which mainly includes the following steps:
S1: testing the transformer by using a return voltage tester to obtain 2N +1 groups of return voltage characteristic data corresponding to the transformer, wherein N represents the number of polarization branches in an extended Debye equivalent circuit of the transformer, and the return voltage characteristic data comprises: polarization voltage U0, charging time tc, discharging time td, initial slope of the recovery voltage, maximum value of the recovery voltage Urmax, and corresponding peak time tpeak at the maximum value of the recovery voltage.
s2: according to the acquired 2N +1 groups of reply voltage characteristic data, and in combination with formulas (15) and (16), calculating equivalent circuit parameters of the extended Debye equivalent circuit of the transformer by using a chaotic particle swarm algorithm, wherein the equivalent circuit parameters comprise: insulation resistance Rg of the insulation system, geometric capacitance Cg of the insulation system, polarization capacitance Cpi of each polarization branch, and polarization resistance Rpi, where i is 1,2, …, N.
s3: the matlab program is applied to carry-in (4) - (6) according to the equivalent circuit parameters, and the poles (p1, p2, …, pN +1) and zeros (z1, i, z2, i, …, zN, i) of the transfer function are solved.
S4: and (5) carrying in pole and zero parameters (7) to (9) by applying a matlab program, and solving each attenuation coefficient Bj, i and Bi (t).
S5: according to the parameters solved above, the matlab program is applied to carry-in (10) to solve the recovery voltage curve under a certain charging time.
Experimental verification
To further verify the reliability of this embodiment, a test was performed on a certain transformer (model SFSZ10-180000/220, new commissioning), some data in the recovery voltage characteristic quantity data obtained by the test are shown in table 1, and the equivalent circuit parameters are shown in table 2, according to the above method in this embodiment, the recovery voltage curves are plotted when the charging time is 0.1s, 5s, 50s, and 500s, respectively, and the results are shown in fig. 4 and 5.
TABLE 1
| tc(s) | 0.1 | 5 | 50 | 500 |
| Urmax(v) | 3.47 | 12 | 61.1 | 261 |
TABLE 2
As can be seen from fig. 4 and 5, the maximum values of the recovery voltage curves at the charging times of 0.1s, 5s, 50s, and 500s were 3.49, 11.95, 64.81, and 274.79, respectively. The errors are 0.43%, 0.44%, 6.07% and 5.28%, respectively. Therefore, the embodiment of the invention can accurately depict the corresponding recovery voltage curve in a certain charging time, and provides an important basis for the subsequent research on the aging mechanism and the aging state diagnosis of the transformer insulating medium.
According to the embodiment of the invention, through the analysis of the equivalent circuit of the oil paper insulation transformer, a recovery voltage function expression is constructed, and matlab software is provided for accurately describing a corresponding recovery voltage curve in a certain charging time, so that an important basis is laid for analyzing the difference and the similarity of the recovery voltage curves in various states, an important basis is provided for researching the aging mechanism and the aging state diagnosis of the insulation medium of the transformer, and the defects in the measurement process of a recovery voltage tester are overcome.
Example two:
The invention further provides a reply voltage curve drawing terminal device, which comprises a memory, a processor and a computer program which is stored in the memory and can run on the processor, wherein the processor executes the computer program to realize the steps of the method embodiment of the first embodiment of the invention.
Further, as an executable scheme, the reply voltage curve drawing terminal device may be a desktop computer, a notebook computer, a palm computer, a cloud server, or other computing devices. The reply voltage curve drawing terminal equipment can comprise, but is not limited to, a processor and a memory. It is understood by those skilled in the art that the above-mentioned constituent structure of the reply voltage curve drawing terminal device is only an example of the reply voltage curve drawing terminal device, and does not constitute a limitation on the reply voltage curve drawing terminal device, and may include more or less components than the above, or combine some components, or different components, for example, the reply voltage curve drawing terminal device may further include an input-output device, a network access device, a bus, and the like, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present invention.
further, as an executable solution, the Processor may be a Central Processing Unit (CPU), other general purpose Processor, a Digital Signal Processor (DSP), an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) or other Programmable logic device, a discrete Gate or transistor logic device, a discrete hardware component, and the like. The general purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor may be any conventional processor or the like, the processor is a control center of the reply voltage curve drawing terminal device, and various interfaces and lines are used to connect various parts of the whole reply voltage curve drawing terminal device.
The memory may be configured to store the computer program and/or the module, and the processor may implement various functions of the reply voltage curve drawing terminal device by running or executing the computer program and/or the module stored in the memory and calling data stored in the memory. The memory can mainly comprise a program storage area and a data storage area, wherein the program storage area can store an operating system and an application program required by at least one function; the storage data area may store data created according to the use of the mobile phone, and the like. In addition, the memory may include high speed random access memory, and may also include non-volatile memory, such as a hard disk, a memory, a plug-in hard disk, a Smart Media Card (SMC), a Secure Digital (SD) Card, a Flash memory Card (Flash Card), at least one magnetic disk storage device, a Flash memory device, or other volatile solid state storage device.
The invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium, in which a computer program is stored, which, when being executed by a processor, carries out the steps of the above-mentioned method of an embodiment of the invention.
The module/unit integrated with the terminal device for plotting the return voltage curve may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium if it is implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product. Based on such understanding, all or part of the flow of the method according to the embodiments of the present invention may also be implemented by a computer program, which may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the method embodiments may be implemented. Wherein the computer program comprises computer program code, which may be in the form of source code, object code, an executable file or some intermediate form, etc. The computer-readable medium may include: any entity or device capable of carrying the computer program code, recording medium, usb disk, removable hard disk, magnetic disk, optical disk, computer Memory, Read-Only Memory (ROM ), Random Access Memory (RAM), software distribution medium, and the like.
while the invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to a preferred embodiment, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and detail may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (4)
1. A method for drawing a recovery voltage curve is characterized by comprising the following steps:
S1: testing the transformer to obtain 2N +1 groups of corresponding reply voltage characteristic data, wherein N represents the number of polarization branches in an extended Debye equivalent circuit model of the transformer, and the reply voltage characteristic data comprises: the polarization voltage U0, the charging time tc, the discharging time td, the initial slope of the recovery voltage, the maximum value Urmax of the recovery voltage and the corresponding peak time tpeak at the maximum value of the recovery voltage;
S2: calculating model parameters of an extended Debye equivalent circuit model of the transformer according to the acquired 2N +1 groups of return voltage characteristic data and by using a chaotic particle swarm algorithm according to the following formula; the model parameters include: an insulation resistance Rg of the insulation system, a geometric capacitance Cg of the insulation system, a polarization capacitance Cpi of each polarization branch, and a polarization resistance Rpi, where i is 1,2, …, N;
Wherein τ i ═ RpiCpi, denotes the time constant of the polarization branch, Ur denotes the recovery voltage, denotes the initial slope of the recovery voltage, and e denotes the natural constant;
S3: calculating poles and zeros of the transfer function according to the model parameters;
Wherein s is a complex variable in the Laplace transformation, p represents a pole, z represents a zero point, Ucpi represents a residual voltage on the polarization capacitor Cpi, Uri represents an equivalent recovery voltage generated by an equivalent circuit corresponding to the polarization capacitor Cpi, and H, L is a denominator polynomial coefficient and a numerator polynomial coefficient in the above formula respectively;
s4: calculating each attenuation coefficient according to the poles and zeros of the transfer function:
Where B denotes the attenuation coefficient, j ≠ 1,2, …, N +1, l ≠ 1,2, …, N +1, and l ≠ j, k ≠ 1,2, …, N;
S5: calculating a recovery voltage curve under the charging time:
Where t represents time.
2. the method for plotting a recovery voltage curve according to claim 1, wherein: different groups of recovery voltage characteristic data in the 2N +1 groups of recovery voltage characteristic data correspond to different charging time or discharging time.
3. the utility model provides a return voltage curve draws terminal equipment which characterized in that: comprising a processor, a memory and a computer program stored in the memory and running on the processor, the processor implementing the steps of the method according to any of claims 1-2 when executing the computer program.
4. a computer-readable storage medium, in which a computer program is stored which, when being executed by a processor, carries out the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1-2.
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Application publication date: 20191206 |